Tutorial 3

Derivatives of Constants:
If c is any real constant, then
d
(c) = 0
dx
The Power Rule:
For any n R
d n
(x ) = nxn1
dx
The Sum, Difference and Constant Multiple Rules:
To get you used to seeing rules in different ways, weve combined the sum, difference
and constant multiple rules into one formula:
If f and g are both differentiable functions and a and b are any constants, then
d
d
d
[af (x) bg(x)] = a f (x) b g(x)
dx
dx
dx
Derivative of the Natural Exponential:
d x
(e ) = ex
dx
The Product Rule:
If f and g are both differentiable functions, then
d
d
d
[f (x)g(x)] = f (x) g(x) + g(x) f (x)
dx
dx
dx

The Quotient Rule:

If f and g are both differentiable functions, then
d
dx

f (x)
g(x)

g(x)


=

d
d
f (x) f (x) g(x)
dx
dx
[g(x)]2

Note: A great way to remember this is the following:

low D-high minus high D-low over square of whats below
where D means derivative, high means the numerator and low means the denominator.
Derivatives of Trigonometric Functions:
Just by knowing the derivatives of sin(x) and cos(x), it is possible (using the rules
discussed above) to derive every other trigonometric derivative in the following list.
Try a few!
d
sin(x) = cos(x)
dx
d
cos(x) = sin(x)
dx
d
tan(x) = sec2 (x)
dx
d
csc(x) = csc(x) cot(x)
dx
d
sec(x) = sec(x) tan(x)
dx
d
cot(x) = csc2 (x)
dx

Newtons Method:
Sometimes, we can use an algorithmic approach called Newtons Method to approximate roots of functions that satisfy some criteria. We say sometimes because...some of the time...it doesnt work quite right. In this tutorial, we will be
going over the geometric reasoning behind Newtons Method. We will also give
examples of how it works, and when it doesnt.