.

4850320

17

/
: ,

Anthropometry

Organs function :
/

mEq, mcg, mmol

mmol mEq
o electrolyte, -
g, mmol, mEq

sodium 100
mmol/day 2.4 g sodium 6 g sodium
chloride

(mEq)
mEq =
=

ion

(mg/MW) x valence ion

[(g/MW) x 1000] x valence

 17

. 4850320

(mEq/L)
mEq/L

valence ion

(g/MW) x (1000/V) x

mcg/kg/min ud/min

o NE : 0.3 mcg/kg/min 60 kg. NE

Levophed (8:250)

o Levophed (8:250) >> NE 8 mg 250 ml

0.3x60 mcg/min

18 mcg/min

NE 8:250 (8 mg/250 ml)

250 ml

NE

= 8 x 103 mcg

1 ml NE = 8 x 103 /250

ud/min

ml/hr

(60/60)

(1/1)

18 mcg/min

1 NE 18
60 NE 18 x 60

mcg
mcg

mcg

 17

. 4850320

>> 1 ml NE = 8 x 103 /250 mcg

>> 1 hr = 18 x 60 mcg

NE 8 x 103 /250 mcg

NE

. 18 x 60

18 x 60 mcg

8 x 10 /250

ml
ml

(18 x 60)/(8 x 10 /250 ) ml/hr (ud/min)

o >>
ud/min

Dose(mcg/min) x 60 x ml
3

x 10

(Dose calculation)

(Usual dose) :
tetracycline 250 500 mg
4

(Usual dose range) :

tetracycline 1 4 g/

drug information handbook

amoxycillin 25 50 mg/kd/day 8
, 2 3 g/day

o 15 kg

375 750 mg/day

 17

. 4850320

o 250 mg amoxycillin/ 5 ml
1 3

o / : mg/, mg/
o : mg/ml, %W/V, mg/vial

o % : / >>
%W/W

: >> %W/V, %V/V

Allegation method

Allegation method :

%
:

1.

( A)

2. ( B)

3.

( C)

4. 3

Epinephrine 0.01 mg/kg (1:10,000) :

1:10,000

. 4850320

17

a. Epinephrine = ?? mg/ml

b. 50 kg epinephrine

1:10,000 = ?? ml

c. . 1:1,000 Epinephrine

1:10,000 ??

a. Epinephrine 1:10,000 = 1 g 10,000 ml

0.1 mg/ml

b. 50 kg 0.01 mg/kg x 50 kg = 0.5

mg Epinephrine
1:10,000 5 ml

c. . 1:10,000 10

Epinephrine 1:10,000

1 + diluent 10 diluent 9

allegation method

1:1,000 = 1 g 1,000 ml (1 x 100)/1,000 =

0.1%

1:10,000 = 1 g 10,000 ml (1 x 100)/10,000

= 0.01%
Epinephrine 1:1,000 0.1%

Diluent NSS Epinephrine

0%

. 4850320

17

Epinephrine 1:10,000 0.01%

Allegation method
0.1%

0.0%)

0.0%
0.01%)

0.01 ( 0.01% 0.01%

(column A)

0.09 ( 0.1% (column B)

(column C)
>> : Epinephrine
1:1,000 1 NSS 9

>> 5 ml Epinephrine 1:1,000 0.5

ml NSS 4.5 ml

, , TPN

: ml/min, ml/hr Dopamine 2:1 rate 4 ml/hr

Ceftazidime 140 mg IV drip 30 min q 12 hr

drop
drop/min drop factor (drops/ml)

. 4850320

17

o Macrodrip = 10 20 drops/ml
o Microdrip/minidrip = 60 drops/ml ( pediatric sets)
o Blood sets = 10 drops/ml

Intermittent infusion rate

Rate (drops/min) = (V/T) x (F/60)
V = (ml)
T = (hr)

F = drop factors (microdrop macrodrop)

Continuous infusion rate

Rate (drops/min) = (60WD/Conc) x
(F/60)
W = (kg)

D = (mcg, mg, unit/kg/min)

F = drop factors (microdrop macrodrop)

 17

. 4850320

C1V1 = C2V2 M1 =M2

: < 50 kg
body surface area :
nomogram

o Mostellers equation ()
2

Body surface area (m ) =

(kg)

(cm) x
3600

o Frieds rule ( 2 )
Infants dose

[()/150] x

[BSA(m )/1.73] x

o surface area
Childs dose

 17

. 4850320

o Youngs rule (1 12 )
Childs dose

[( )/( + 12)] x

o Clarks rule ()
Childs dose

[ (lb)/150] x

(Anthropometry)
Ideal body weight (IBW) kg
creatinine clearance aminoglycoside

o
IBW (kg)
5 )

IBW (kg) =
5 )

o 1 18

50 + (2.3 x
45.5 + (2.3 x

 17

. 4850320

IBW (kg)

[( )2 x

%IBW

[(kg)/IBW] x 100

1.65]/1000

Adjusted BW

IBW + 0.4(W-IBW)

renal function

:
>> Stable renal function : serum creatinine

( 0.5

0.7 mg/dL/day)

creatinine clearance < 10 ml/min

>> marked emaciation ()

creatinine

Creatinine clearance (CrCl)

o Cr 24

(ml/min)

24 hr urine Cr collection

UrineCr x V

1440 x SCr
o (> 18 ) : Cockroft & Gault equation

 17

. 4850320

ClCr()

(ml/min)

(140 ) x IBW (kg)

SCr (mg/dL) x 72

ClCr()

0.85 x

o (> 18 ) : Jelliffe equation

BSA ml/min/1.73 m

ClCr()

ClCr()

98 0.8( 20) x

SCr (mg/dL)

1.73

0.85 x

o (1 18 ) ( < 152.4 cm) : Traub &

Johnson equation
ClCr

0.48 x (cm) x BSA (m )

Scr (mg/dL) x

1.73
o (> 6 ) (< 21 ) : Schwartz Brion &
Spitzer equation
ClCr

(K x H/Scr) x (BSA/1.73)

(cm)

 17

. 4850320

ClCr

Creatinine clearance (ml/min/1.73

: Low birth

m)
weight < 1

= 0.33

= 0.45
0.55

: Full term < 1

: 2 12

: 13 21
= 0.55

: 13 21

= 0.70

o : Nomogram serum creatinine (Drug

information handbook)
: Winit-Watjana W. Calculations in Pharmaceutical Care.
Chulalongkorn University. Bangkok. 2000.

: Kasiwong S. Common calculation in pharmaceutical care.

Available from : http://elearning. pharmacy.psu.ac.th/index.php?

option=com_content&task=view&id=40&Itemid=44