SPIRAL STAIRCASES

Page
Why choose spiral staircases
Standard staircase
Right / left turning staircase
Protective cage
Weland detail standards
Indoor staircases
Special staircases
Helical staircases
Custom design
Delivery
Site fixing
How to order

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64 - 66
67
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55

WHY CHOOSE A SPIRAL STAIRCASE?

H=3000

A spiral staircase is, in the vast majority of cases a very practical solution of a staircase problem. Below we show
a comparison between a spiral staircase and a straight staircase so as to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of the two types.

1000

4570

1800

50

Space saving
Consider a staircase with a height of 3 meters which goes from an exit door down to ground level.
Straight staircase, width 900 mm. At the up-permost level a standard landing of 1000 mm is required. A staircase
allowing a correct posture for climbing of 40, needs an overhan of 3.57 m + the landing of 1 m = 4.57 meters.
A Spiral staircase with a radius of 900 mm. At the uppermost level a landing sized 950 x 950 mm. The spiral
staircase is position ed with a center 950 mm from the wall and as such requires a well space of . 1900 mm.

Architecturally pleasing
Straight staircases are in many cases, regarded as heavy,
clumsy and dominating in the erected position. Spiral staircases are considerably more slender and are not dominating in the same way. In many cases they melt in with surrounding environment as a part of the facade.

Escape/Rescue
Since spiral staircases are comfortable to descend an
evacuation can be carried out quickly. Even rescue on a
stretcher can be conducted comfortable.

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Secure

Easy to assemble

If when descending a high straight staircase, a person

looses balance, he or she will fall forward.... in this situation there is nothing to grap hold of, or anything to
prevent the fall. If a person looses balance on a spiral
staircase and falls forward, the fall will be directed
against the bannisters which will check it, giving the
person a chance to grap a railing or the center post.

Spiral staircase consists of easily handled

parts which are screwed together. The only
tools needed are a drill, a spanner (either
fixed or ratchet) and a socket head.
Please note, that no welding is
necessary during assebly.
Clear assembly instructions are included
with every delivery.

Straight staircase seen

from above

Spiral staircase seen

from above

Flexible
As a rule the space for a staircase is limited and step
on/step off points are stated. This means that straight
staircases can be very steep or alternate in several
flights which in turn means that they can be complex
and expansive.
Spiral staircases need the same small base area irrespective of how high they are. They can be manufactured
either left or right turning and have different number of
steps per revolution. This means that in the main an
efficient staircase can be achieved.

Lighter design
A straight staircase of
several flights needs a comprehensive construction to be
able to support the landings.
A spiral staircase on the other
hand normally demands no extra load carrying framing, as
long as the landings are not
excessively large.

Can be
constructed to great height
Straight staircases can be very complicated. Spiral
staircases can be built very high, without any extra
supports, assuming that bracing can be carried out
against the wall. Bracing can be achieved either by stepping off landings or special support angles constructed
every revolution. If there is no adjacent wall, bracing can
be carried out with longitudinal support legs positioned
outside the staircase diameter.
57

Standard Staircases
When designing the layout of a spiral staircase consideration must be given to the staircase radius, the stair tread
height and the number of stair treads per revolution. The
table on the right and the figures below depict Welands
standard dimension principles.

14 Steps/
Revolution

15 Steps/
Revolution

16 Steps/
Revolution

18 Steps/
Revolution

20 Steps/
Revolution

22 Steps/
Revolution

24 Steps/
Revolution

26 Steps/
Revolution

Right/left turning

Radius
Steps/rev

Tread depth
at walking line

Suitable
step height

600/14
600/15
600/16
700/14
700/15
700/16
700/18
800/15
800/16
800/18
800/20
900/15
900/16
900/18
900/20
900/22
900/24
1000/15
1000/16
1000/18
1000/20
1000/22
1000/24
1100/16
1100/18
1100/20
1100/22
1100/24
1200/16
1200/18
1200/20
1200/22
1200/24
1300/18
1300/20
1300/22
1300/24
1400/18
1400/20
1400/22
1400/24
1400/26
1500/22
1500/24
1500/26
1500/28

156
146
137
200
187
176
156
229
215
191
172
270
254
226
203
185
170
312
293
260
235
213
196
332
295
266
242
222
371
330
297
270
248
365
329
299
274
399
360
327
300
277
356
326
301
280

190-220
190-220
190-220
190-215
190-220
190-220
190-220
175-210
180-210
190-220
190-220
175-190
175-200
175-200
180-210
180-210
190-220
175-190
165-185
170-200
175-200
180-210
180-210
165-180
165-180
165-190
170-200
170-200
165-190
155-190
155-190
160-200
170-210
155-180
155-180
155-190
155-200
150-180
150-180
155-190
155-190
155-200
150-180
150-180
155-190
155-200

Weland spiral staircases are manufactured either right

or left turning according to customers requirements.
We define a right turning staircase as one that turns
to the right when climbing.

* Tread depth is calculated

in a considered walk line
250 mm from the periphery.

250

Right turning

Left turning

Protective cage
So as to prevent unauthorized persons from entering a spiral staircase we
can offer as an option a cage built in at the lowest level. The cage is opened
with a key from the outside and without a key from the inside.
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Escape staircase with protective cage,

balustrade with intermediate rail.

Spiral staircase mounted on supporting

bracket.
To the right, a spiral staircase with landings
on both sides of the central newel post.
Note! that the bracing is positioned between ground level and the first floor.
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WELAND STANDARD
Railing loading

Railing height

Child safety

The hand rail is designed to withstand

a load of 0.8 kN/m of rail.

max.
100 mm

1100 mm

varies to suit

0,8 kN/m

max.
100 mm

The railing height is 1100 mm from the

forward edge of the step. Extra handrails can be supplied at optional height.

Stair tread
loading

Hand rail dimensions

By child safety we mean that no opening

within the staircase is allowed to be larger
than 100 mm under 800 mm railing height.

Clearance to wall

R + 50 mm

42 mm

50 mm

4,0 kN/m2

3,0 kN
100
100

Hand rail joint

Head height min. 2000

Headroom

Weland hand rails of tube are joined

with the help of an inner connector.

Inner Handrail

The spiral staircase outer circumference

must be at least 50 mm from the wall.

Step height

Our standard rail has a .42 mm.

The steps are designed for a distributed

load of 4,0 kN/m2 or spot load (100 x
100 mm) of 3.0 kN.

B
The headroom under
the rear edge of the
landing must be at
least 2000 mm.

The step
height should be sized between 160 and 220
mm according to the formula 2hxB= 580-640.

Fixing of the
base plate

Fixing of landings

Expansion bolts included in the delivery

are only to be used with concrete.

Expansion bolts included in the delivery

are only to be used with concrete.

extra handrail

inside handrail

Weland spiral staircases can be supplemented with inner hand rails fitted to the newel
post and extra hand rails on the balusters.

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WELAND STANDARD
Platforms

Platforms

Stair Radius + 50 mm

Stair Radius + 50 mm

Platforms

100 mm
Standard square platforms for corners
or stair well.

Balustrading

Grating infill panels

Balustrading

Toughened glass

Staying/bracing

The spiral staircase must be braced every revolution, with either a landing or with special stays. Expansion bolts included in the
delivery are only to be used with concrete.

90 Platform with a radius suitable for

fixing to circular stair wells.

Balustrading

Tubular infill panels

Balustrading

1, 2, 3 or 4 intermediate rails

Tread Platform for fixing to an existing

stair well edge.

Balustrading

Childproof railing with balusters

Balustrading

Without knee rails

Type approval with

Swedish Fire Class R30

Hot Dip
Galvanizing

Welands spiral staircases are approved

in compliance with fire class R 30.

Weland spiral staircases are as standard

hot dip galvanized in accordance with
EN 1461.

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A spiral staircase designed as lobby staircase is attractive,

safe simple, comfortable and space saving.

Spiral staircases can be constructed very high without supporting structure.

Outdoor spiral staircases can be finished painted in desired colours in

addition to hot-dip galvanizing. This
makes for decorative staircases with
the best possible rust protection.

Spiral staircases with a radius larger

than 1200 mm are fitted with double
flatbar stringers on the outside of the step. Please
note the inside handrail and the extra handrail.
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Spiral staircases blend in well in their

surroundings.

An indoors staircase with treads covered with ceramic tiles. Balustrade

childsafe with balusters of rounds on 100 mm c/c and extra handrail.
Inside handrail on the newel post. Balustrade on landing corresponding to staircase.

To the right a spiral staircase elegantly connecting roof terrace and

garden.
63

Weland indoor staircases

The Weland design can be produced in materials other than steel. Below we show a few different examples of tread
material. We can complement the tread material with different handrail materials. Please call if you have special
requirements for these materials or for materials not shown here.

Grating

Concrete

Chequer Plate

Plate with Carpet

Oak (Other wood

types available)

Marble (Other stone

types available)

Terrazzo (concrete)

Ceramic tile

Weland spiral staircase standard handrail is made from steel tube 42 mm dia. Brass & stainless tube is also available.
Steel flat bar and wood handrails in different types on special order.

Tube

Round wood

Rectangular wood

Steel tube 42 mm dia. with choice

of surface finish. Brass or
Stainless steel.
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Round handrail of solid wood. A

choice of wood types are available.

Rectangular handrail of wood

laminate or solid wood.

EXAMPLES OF INTERIOR
DOMESTIC STAIRCASES

Treads of marble and handrailing of 42 mm diameter tube.

The staircase has an extra handrail on the balusters and
an inner handrail on the newel post. The handrailing is
of treated brass and all other components are paint finish.

Staircase with concrete treads and handrailing of 42 mm

diameter tube. The handrail has two extra Knee Rails.
All steel parts are paint finish. For exterior use the steel
component parts are hot dip galvanized and painted.

The Staircase has treads of solid Beech. Rectangular

wood handrail. All steel components are paint finish.

Treads of solid Oak. Circular wood handrails of solid

Oak. The handrailing has hardened glass infill panels
and all steel component parts are paint finish.
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66

SPECIAL
SPIRAL STAIRCASES

Spiral staircases and Combi staircases can be manufactured with treads or stringers that follow the wall profile.
Treads, handrailing and surface finish the same as other spiral staircases. These staircases can also be manufactured
with more than one newel post.

Helical staircases with stringers are available on special order with treads and handrailing in the same styles and combination, as spiral staircases. The staircases can be free standing or follow the inside or the outside of the silo. Radius,
treads width and other data are according to customer requirements.
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DESIGN
Our design office is at your service to help with
dimensioning, drawing and designing your spiral
staircase.
Fill in the ordering information on page 69 or send
us your building drawings and we will ensure that
you get a correctly functioning spiral staircase.

Every spiral staircase is individually drawn and the

drawing is sent to the customer for approval before
manufacturing commences.

DELIVERY
All components are delivered in one wooden crate. This provides extra security for both us and our customers. When
the crate arrives at its destination undamaged, we then know the contents are sound, and the fitter can carry out
his delivery check with the enclosed packing list.

SITE FIXING
Site fixing is carried out using hand tools. Detailed fixing
instructions are included with every delivery. A Weland
spiral staircase can also be assembled on the ground
and lifted into place where necessary.

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ORDERING INFORMATION
Example

Stair tread materials

Grating
Durbar plate
Steel plate with carpet
Wood

Grating
Durbar plate
Steel plate with carpet
Wood

Hand rails

Steel tube .42 mm

Tube
Rounded wood
Rectangular wood
Flat bar

Steel tube .42 mm

Tube
Rounded wood
Rectangular wood
Flat bar

Balustrade panels

Not child safety

Child safety trellis panel
Curved tubes
Toughened glass

Not child safety

Child safety trellis panel
Curved tubes
Toughened glass

Surface finish

Hot dip galvanized

Primer painted
Painted finish

Hot dip galvanized

Primer painted
Painted finish

R=

R=

The staircase radius

Radius 600, 700, 800.....1500 mm
Radius 900 for fire escapes and in-door staircases.
Radius 1200 for assembly halls holding 150 people.

For each floor state the following:

Storey height floor to floor

H=

H=

Lower level
Walls, doors, windows. Positions with
measurements.
Staircase well size.
Doors marked with sizes and opening angles.

Upper level
Walls, doors and windows. Positions with
measurements.
Staircase well size.
Doors to be marked with size and opening
angles.

Stair well railing

12

12

12

12

12

12

Leave the design of the staircase to Weland. If we receive the above information you will receive a correctly
functioning staircase.

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