Professional Documents
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Principle of Design bOARD EXAM REVIEW
Principle of Design bOARD EXAM REVIEW
S.Y. 2 0 1 1 2 0 1 2
The Principles
organize the Visual Elements into a
pleasing and comprehensible
WHOLE.
This organization is called
Composition
dimension
VARIETY
SHAPE
M
A
S
S
Direction or
Type
Texture
Openings
Planes
Divine Proportion is also known as the Golden Mean, Golden Ratio and
Golden Section . It is a ratio or proportion defined by the number Phi (=
1.6180339887... )
PROPORTION - Relationship
The golden section, golden mean a line that is divided such that the lesser portion
is to the greater as the greater is to the whole.
PROPORTION - Relationship
PROPORTION - Relationship
PROPORTION - Relationship
PROPORTIONS
Anthropomorphic
proportions - refers to
the measurement of
the human individual
for the purposes of
understanding human
physical variation.
PROPORTIONS
PROPORTIONS
Absolute Proportiondeals with the
relationship between
the different parts of an
object or the whole to
the various parts
SCALE- size
- refers to how we perceive the size of the
building element or space relative to other
forms.
Human
General Scale
Scale
Balance is concerned
with the distribution
of visual interest
Simply an equal
distribution of
weight.
BALANCE- equilibrium
symmetrical
balance -refers to
an even distribution
of visual weight on
either side of an
imaginary axis. The
results look formal,
organized
and orderly.
BALANCE- equilibrium
BALANCE- equilibrium
BALANCE- equilibrium
FORMAL
BALANCE- equilibrium
RADIAL
BALANCE- equilibrium
ASSYMETRICAL
BALANCE- equilibrium
GRAVITATIONAL OR
PICTURESQUE
BALANCE- equilibrium
Unaccented
rhythm if equally
spaced windows are
introduced on the
unbroken wall, then
regular repetition is
present
repetition
competition
confusion
CHARACTER- expressiveness
CHARACTER- expressiveness
FUNCTION
CHARACTER- expressiveness
A school building
must containmany
windows to admit
the necessary
side light and to
offer an
interesting
contrast with the
possible
monotony of the
class-room walls.
CHARACTER- expressiveness
A museum must have galleries with ample wall space and top light,
which eliminates windows and necessitates the use of skylights
CHARACTER- expressiveness
CHARACTER- expressiveness
CHARACTER- expressiveness
CHARACTER- expressiveness
CHARACTER- expressiveness
ASSOCIATED CHARACTER
CHARACTER- expressiveness
PERSONAL CHARACTER
Buildings have qualities which are directly
related to their functions, but in addition,
they may possess characteristics which
have to do rather with the emotional
reaction set up in the mind of the observer.
CHARACTER- expressiveness
PERSONAL CHARACTER
Buildings may be stern and forbidding, light
and playful or sedate and dignified with
reference to the impressions, which they are
capable of giving.
It is to these qualities of vitality, repose, grace,
restraint, festivity, dignity, etc. that we give the
name of personal character.
PERSONAL CHARACTER
If the building is designed in the proper spirit,
this type of character will grow naturally from
the structure itself.
It is quite essential that this intangible quality
agree with the function of the building.
Nothing could be more disastrous than to
have a power plant looks like an
entertainment pavilion a substitute of
festivity for efficiency