Chapter 11 Turbomachinery

815

11.16 For the sprinkler turbine of

Fig. P11.15, let R = 18 cm, with total flow
rate of 14 m3/h of water at 20C. If the
nozzle exit diameter is 8 mm, estimate
(a) the maximum power delivered in W and
(b) the appropriate rotation rate in r/min.
Solution: For water at 20C, take
998 kg/m3. Each arm takes 7 m3/h:
Vrel =
u = R =

Fig. P11.15

Q/2
7/3600
m
=
= 38.7 ; at max power,
2
A exit ( /4)(0.008)
s

1
m
rad
= (0.18 m), solve = 107
1030 rpm
Vrel = 19.34
2
s
s

Pmax = Qu2 = 998(14/3600)(19.34)2 1450 W

Ans. (b)

Ans. (a)

11.17 A centrifugal pump has d1 = 7 in, d2 = 13 in, b1 = 4 in, b2 = 3 in, 1 = 25, and 2 = 40
and rotates at 1160 r/min. If the fluid is gasoline at 20C and the flow enters the blades
radially, estimate the theoretical (a) flow rate in gal/min, (b) horsepower, and (c) head in ft.
Solution: For gasoline, take 1.32 slug/ft3. Compute = 1160 rpm = 121.5 rad/s.
3.5
u1 = r1 = 121
35.4 ft/s
12
Vn1 = u1 tan 1 = 35.4 tan 25 16.5 ft/s
3.5 4
Q = 2 r1b1Vn1 = 2
(16.5)
12 12
10

Vn2 =

Q
=
2 r2 b 2

ft 3
s

Ans. (a)

10.0
ft
11.9
s
6.5 3
2
12 12

u2 = r2 = 121(6.5/12) 65.8 ft/s

Vt2 = u 2 Vn2 cot 40 51.7 ft/s

Fig. P11.17

816

Solutions Manual Fluid Mechanics, Fifth Edition

Finally, Pideal = Q u2Vt2 = 1.32(10.0)(65.8)(51.7) = 44900 550 82 hp. Ans. (b)

Theoretical head H = P/( gQ) = 44900/[1.32(32.2)(10.0)] 106 ft. Ans. (c)

11.18 A jet of velocity V strikes a vane

which moves to the right at speed Vc, as in
Fig. P11.18. The vane has a turning angle .
Derive an expression for the power delivered to the vane by the jet. For what vane
speed is the power maximum?
Fig. P11.18

Solution: The jet approaches the vane at relative velocity (V Vc). Then the force is
F = A(V Vc)2(1 cos ), and Power = FVc = AVc(V Vc)2(1 cos) Ans. (a)
Maximum power occurs when
or: Vc =

dP
= 0,
dVc

1
Vjet
3

Ans. (b) P = AV3 [1 cos ]

27

11.19 A centrifugal water pump has r2 = 9 in, b2 = 2 in, and 2 = 35 and rotates at 1060 r/min.
If it generates a head of 180 ft, determine the theoretical (a) flow rate in gal/min and
(b) horsepower. Assume near-radial entry flow.
Solution: For water take = 1.94 slug/ft3. Convert = 1060 rpm = 111 rad/s. Then
ft
9
u2 = r2 = 111 = 83.3 ;
12
s

Q
P
= 180 ft
cot 2 , and H =
Power = Qu2 u2
gQ
2 r2 b2

Q
or: P = 62.4QH = 1.94Q(83.3) 83.3
cot 35 with H = 180
2 (9/12)(2/12)

Solve for Q = 7.5 ft 3 /s 3360 gal/min

Ans. (a)

With Q and H known, P = gQH = 62.4(7.5)(180) 550 153 hp. Ans. (b)