Table Tennis Report (KSP1111)

Skills Of Table Tennis

Group A
Name
Muhammad Fahmi Bin

ID
20953

Shahrin
Muhammad Hadif

20834

Aiman bin Khalid

Mohamad Amirul

21322

Iezham bin Hanapi

Table of Contents

1.0INTRODUCTION
2.0BASIC STROKE
2.1THE DRIVE
2.2THE PUSH
2.3THE BLOCK
2.4THE SMASH
3.0ADVANCED STROKE
3.1THE LOOP
3.2THE CHOP
3.3THE FLIP
4.0CONCLUSIONS

1.0 INTRODUCTION

Many people know ping-pong. It's the game that is usually played in
the basement with an opponent, with plastic paddles in hand that made the
distinctive noises when a ball was struck. A fun game it was, sort of like
playing T-ball with huge yellow plastic bats or nerf football. But like those two
familiar games, ping-pong also has a real sport behind it.
Table Tennis can be classified as a major sport worldwide, with millions of
participants, major tournaments(with its own superstars), and many other
things that make a sport truly a class of its own.
As a sport that emphasizes endurance and reflexes above simple size
and strength, people of all ages and genders can play on an equal field. The
equipment can be had for a reasonable price, and the sport is played indoors
so year-round competition and practice is possible. A game requires only two
players at the least, and typically lasts around 30 minutes, enabling quick
matches during breaks, etc.
Table tennis truly is a sport for the masses, and its widespread
adoption around the world is a testament for its versatility. The United States
has been lagging behind Europe and Asia in per capita participation of table
tennis as a sport. With enough enthusiasm and support, however, this
intense and exciting sport can succeed beside the old mainstays.
The true origin of Table Tennis is largely unknown, although forms of
the sport have been documented as early as the late 1800s in England. The
sport started becoming popular around the world in the early 1900s. During
this time, the official name of the sport was changed from Ping-Pong to
table tennis. This was due to copyright conflicts with Parker Brothers, who
owned the rights to the name and game of Ping-Pong. The International
Table Tennis Federation and United States Table Tennis Association(later
changed to United States Association of Table Tennis) were formed at about

this time. These organizations would go on to become the primary ruling

bodies of table tennis.
Table tennis has evolved significantly since its surprise birth upon the
sporting world, acquiring many revisions of rules and seeing an evolution of
equipment as technology and playing styles changed. Such refinement only
serves as evidence that table tennis is indeed a full-fledged sport,
comparable to any of the other classics we behold with reverence.

2.0 BASIC STROKE

2.1 THE DRIVE
Drives, a light topspin stroke that produces a low ball trajectory, are
the primary offensive strokes in table tennis. One employs drives to force
errors and to set up winners. The mastery of both the forehand and
backhand drives is important because it will give your opponent less options
when using attacking strokes of his/her own. In executing this and all other
offensive strokes, the usage of the entire body in unison is important for
consistency and power. Keep in the ready position until you are ready to
execute the shot and remain relaxed but responsive(this is very important).
FOREHAND DRIVE
Keep the upper arm close, but not flush, to the torso. The forearm(form
a rough 90 degree bend with the upper arm) should be drawn back to the 3
o'clock position, and let the waist turn naturally along with the arm(this is
where relaxing is important). Shift your weight toward the right foot at the

same time. While shifting your weight back to your left foot, swing forward
with a slight upward motion, with the waist providing additional force in the
swing. Use the elbow as a pivot point; it should not move so much up and
down, but also should be allowed to move slightly forward in the followthrough. Contact with the ball should be made slightly to the side of the body
after the top of the bounce. Make sure the paddle is somewhat closed(or
facing downwards at an angle), and remains that way throughout the stroke.
Follow-through should finish when racket is parallel with the left shoulder.
Immediately return to the ready position. The left foot should be slightly in
front of the right for support.

BACKHAND DRIVE
From the ready position, the waist turns left with the racket pointing
towards the 9 o'clock position. When following through, contact with the ball
is made in front of the body, slightly after the top of the bounce. Let the
elbow again act as the pivot point, and snap the forearm forward in a slightly
upward direction. Make sure the paddle is closed. Follow-through should
finish naturally(about 12~1 o'clock) after contact with ball. The left foot
should be slightly ahead of the right.
Note : Be sure to contact the top half of the ball when hitting topspin drives.

2.2 THE PUSH

Pushes are the basic backspin shots, used to change the pace of
an exchange or to return certain very low and close shots such as

backspin serves. A generally defensive shot, it allows placement

anywhere on the table that is difficult to attack when executed
properly. All pushes should be done with the right foot stepping in. The
ball is contacted right after the bounce with an open racket. How open
the racket is depends on the intensity of backspin on the ball. Heavier
backspin requires a more open racket to return over the net. Try to
keep the ball low, varying the amount of backspin and racket angle.
FOREHAND PUSH
Bring the racket slightly up and back, while keeping the elbow at
your waist. Bend the wrist back. Swing forward with a downward
motion, and when the racket reaches the ball snap the wrist forward
for extra racket speed. With an open racket, graze the bottom half of
the ball. An ideal contact point is right after the ball bounces. Never
push a ball at the top of the bounce, because the resulting return will
pop the ball high enough for the opponent to execute a smash. Try to
hit the ball in front and slightly to the right of your body. Follow through
forward and slightly down, and return to the ready position.
BACKHAND PUSH
Bring the racket slightly up and back, close into your stomach
while cocking the wrist back. This time try to contact the ball directly in
front of your body, and remember to keep the elbow still while the
forearm and wrist move forward and down. Graze the bottom of the
ball and follow through.
Note : Keep the push stroke gentle, as being too hasty often makes the
ball go long, or too high. Keep in mind that unlike the drive, the push is
more of a finesse and 'touch' shot. As you advance the stokes can start
becoming more aggressive, with a variety of spins.

2.3 THE BLOCK

Blocking allows a player to use the opponent's force
against him/her, and is done immediately after the bounce so
that maximum control and speed are retained. Adjusting the
racket angle depends on the severity of topspin on the ball; the
more topspin there is, the more you should close the racket.
Being essentially a cut-down drive, there is very little backswing
and follow-through. Think of blocking as a backup shot that can
be used when there isn't enough time for a full drive or loop.
Depending on how much control you have over the block, it can
be used offensively as well. Use your wrist to vary the direction
of these block-returns, and make sure footwork takes you to the
most choice areas to hit in.

2.4 THE SMASH

The smash, or kill, is the put-away stroke of table tennis. Any ball that
is high enough and close enough to the opponent's side can be smashed,
although some opportunities are better than others. Smashing combines
waist, forearm, and wrist movement to the fullest extent. A good smash is
very hard to return, but it can be done. Do not dawdle after you have
executed a smash. The ball is contacted at the top of the bounce at its
highest point.
FOREHAND SMASH: Similar to the drive, the key differences include:

A longer backswing

Greater weight transfer during swing

Faster, more intense snapping of the forearm when contacting ball

Depending on ball height and position, the racket is closed more than
usual to keep the ball in the court

Longer follow-through, but don't forget to anticipate a possible return!

BACKHAND SMASH: Again, use the guidelines above and apply them to the
backhand drive. Be sure to snap the wrist more as you contact the ball and
finish in a long follow-through.

Note on smashes: Don't just indiscriminately smash the ball when you find
the opening; instead, try to direct the ball to a location where it is least likely
to be hit back, accidentally or intentionally.

3.0 ADVANCED STROKE

3.1 THE LOOP
The loop drive is the primary attacking stroke of serious players
today. A loop is basically a spinny counterpart of a drive, emphasizing
topspin over forward motion. Likewise, a stronger upward motion is
required in the swing, grazing the ball instead of hitting it. Despite the
nature of the loop, they can go just as fast as the drive-approaching
100mph for an over-the-table loop by a talented player. If there were
any doubts about the endurance requirements of table tennis, try
hitting decent loops against extreme backspin time and time again.
Players not used to this stroke may find it the most tiring for the first
time.
Depending on the characteristic of the incoming ball, the loop
must be modified to hit the ball correctly. If a ball is coming in fast and
high with heavy topspin, the paddle should be more closed and the
swing should go forward more. However, if a chop came floating your

way, then the correct thing to do would be to open the paddle

somewhat, and perform a strong upwards swing-think of it as 'pulling
the ball back up with the paddle'. This is especially what makes the
loop such a tough stroke. As the ball touches the paddle for only a
short time, as well as meeting on a more perpendicular path(as
opposed to the highly parallel paths during a drive), good timing is
critical to avoid completely missing the ball altogether. This means
keeping a sharp eye on the ball throughout the stroke is important, as
it is for all other strokes.

FOREHAND LOOP
From the ready position, bring the right foot slightly back(while
transferring your weight to it). At the same time, rotate your body
backward, and the paddle should be brought back and slightly down,
depending on which spin you are hitting against. Bend your knees
slightly. Start the stroke by rotating the waist and hips forward, and
start straightening out the knees to add more force. The forearms
should gradually accelerate from the backswing to contact, snapping
for maximum speed when you meet the ball. Hit topspin balls at the
top of the bounce or while it is dropping. Hit backspin balls while it is
dropping. Follow-through forward more for topspins and upward more
for backspins. The weight should be completely transferred back to the
left foot at this point.
BACKHAND LOOP
This time, the backswing goes in front of your legs, and to do so
you should drop your right shoulder somewhat. Remember to keep the
eye on the ball no matter what the other parts of your body are doing.

Rotate your waist to the left and transfer the weight to the left foot.
Against topspin, unwind your waist and hit the ball at the top of the
bounce(or during the drop) with a forward motion, but remember to
just graze the ball as opposed to driving it. Snap your wrist at contact.
Against backspin, remember to apply more of an upward motion, but
also add a bit of forward force or you could hit your nose in the followthrough.

Notes on the loop: Since a lot of paddle speed is required in this stroke,
the extra backswing, bending of the knees, and the usual waist
rotation and weight transfer are all needed, not to mention the wrist
snap at contact. A forward graze will produce higher speeds, but they
can only be used on relatively high balls at the top of their bounce. Use
something between the all-out topspin loop and extreme backspin pullup for most rallies. Killer topspins are prone to the net or going off the
endline, and excessive usage of the high arcing loop can lead to a
deadly smash by your alert opponent. A relaxed posture is doubly
important for loops, both your speed and consistency will improve if
you can go through the swing 'naturally'. Keep your rubber in good
condition; how much spin and control you put on your loop depends
upon the tackiness of the rubber. Bad rubber=weak loops.

3.2 THE CHOP

The chop is the mainstay of advanced defensive players.

Essentially an extreme backspin shot, the ball tends to travel in a very
flat trajectory and bounce low. Chops are always taken when the ball is
dropping, often below the table-up to 15 feet away! Anything higher
and the stroke becomes a push. Defensive players who chop do so to
force the other player into an error, and to do so one may vary the
amount of backspin or change the direction of the shots. Matches
against two equally skilled choppers used to be an affair of many hours
until the introduction of the expedite rule. For an explanation of the
expedite rule and other table tennis terms, visit the terms page.
FOREHAND CHOP
Back up, depending upon the speed of the incoming ball. At the
same time put your weight on the back foot. Bring the arm back and
paddle up, while rotating your waist. When the ball has dropped to
about the table level(it has to go off the end in order to execute a
successful chop! Push short balls), rotate your waist, bring the forearm
down, and snap your wrist at the point of contact, which should be at
the bottom-back of the ball. The paddle should be open at this point.
When chopping, remember to graze the ball barely enough to return it
over the net. Avoid extra impact that would take away the backspin or
hit it too long. The follow-through should be long enough that the arm
nearly straightens at the finish.

BACKHAND CHOP

Similar to the forehand chop, bring the paddle up and the wrist
back while rotating the waist. Transfer weight to back foot. Snap the
wrist and follow through all the way.
Notes on the chop: The point of contact will vary depending on the
topspin present on the ball. The more topspin on a ball, the lower it
should be taken during a chop. This means against a loop, one must
bend his knees in order to get low enough to return the heavy topspin.
Don't let this cause you to lose sight of the table. Also, the farther you
are from the table, the harder you need to chop down on the ball. Be
sure to relax and use a smooth stroke.

3.3 THE FLIP

The flip is one alternative to the push in taking short balls. By
allowing one to return such balls faster, it can provide an element of
surprise. The nature of the flip requires a special foot position for
support. The right foot(for right-handers) goes several feet ahead of
the body, which often means sliding it under the table. In case the
table has a crossbar that prevents your leg from getting through, just
remember to brace yourself for the sudden forward lunge and put the
right foot as far ahead as possible. The flip is a wrist shot. There is no
room for anything else, so make sure you strengthen the wrist as much
as possible.
FOREHAND FLIP

Bend the wrist back. Slide the right foot forward, then with the
racket open, move it under a dropping short ball. When the ball
touches the paddle, immediately rotate your wrist and move the arm
forward and up, grazing it. Follow through, then immediately return to
the ready position.
BACKHAND FLIP
Bend the wrist back. With right foot forward, execute a mini-loop with
extra wrist and follow through.

4.0 CONCLUSIONS
For conclusion, there are many techniques to play table tennis. It
is depends on the player to choose wisely about the techniques they
want to instill during the game. Player must training to use the
techniques, unless it will be a pointless effort.