STRUCTURE QUESTION

PROPERTIES OF IONIC AND COVALENT

Element
Proton number
1

P
6
Table 1

Q
8

R
11

Table 1 shows the proton numbers of three elements P,Q and R.

(a) Write the electron configuration for the ions of elements P,Q and R?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
(3 marks)
(b) i. Draw the electronics arrangement for the compounds formed from the
elements of P and Q.

(2 marks)
ii.What is the bond produced from the formation of the compounds as in
s
(b)(i)
____________________________________________________
(1 marks)
(c) i.Draw the electronic arrangement for the compound formed from the
elements Q and R.

(2 marks)
ii.What is the bond produced from the formation of the compound of (c)i?
_______________________________________________________
(d) State three differences in the properties between the compounds formed as
in the answers of (b)i and (c) i.
1. ____________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________

JAWAPAN
1 (a)

Element P : 2.8
Element Q : 2.8
Element R : 2.8

(b)

i.
ii. Covalent bond

(c)

i.
ii. Ionic bond

(d)
Melting & boiling point
Votality
Conductivity of electricity

Compound PQ2
Low
High
Does not conduct

Compound R2Q
High
Low
Can conduct in the molten
state

ESSAY QUESTION
1
Elements
W
Y
Z

Group
1
14
17
Table 2

Period
3
2
3

(a)

With the help of an electron arrangement diagram, explain how two

elements from Table 2 can combine to form
(i)
An ionic compound and
(ii)
A covalent compound
(14 marks)

(b)

State the differences between an ionic compound and a covalent

compound.
(6 marks)

JAWAPAN
1 (a) (i)

(ii)

- Two elements that form an ionic

compound are W and Z.
- Electronic configuration of atom W
is 2.8.1 and electronic configuration
of atom Z is 2.8.7
- To achieve the stable octet in the
electron configuration of a noble gas.
- An atom W release one electron to
form a W+ ion.
- An atom Z accepts one electron to
form a Z- ion.
- The positive ions and negative ions
formed are attracted by the strong
electrostatic force of attraction.
-

Two elements that form

covalent compounds are Y
and Z
Electronic configuration of
atom Y is 2.4 and Z is 2.8.7
One atom Y contributes four
electrons to be shared with
four atoms of Z.
Four pair of shared electrons
form four single covalent

2
2
1
1
1
1

2
2
1

(b)

bonds
Three differences between an ionic
compound and covalent compound
- An ionic compound has high
boiling and melting point
whereas a covalent
compound has low melting
and boiling point.
- An ionic compound is soluble
in water but is insoluble in
organic solvents, whereas a
covalent compound is soluble
in organic solvents but is
insoluble in water.
- An ionic compound conducts
electricity in the liquid state
and in aqueous solution
whereas a covalent
compound does not conduct
electricity in any state.