‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻥ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬

‫‪Decision Support Systems‬‬

‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮑﺪﻩ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ‬
‫ﻃﺮﺍﺡ ﺩﺭﺱ‪ :‬ﺟﻌﻔﺮ ﺣﺒﻴﺒﻲ‬

‫ﭘﻴﺶ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ‪- :‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‪٣ :‬‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺍﻳﺶ‪ :‬ﻧﺮﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﻄﻊ‪ :‬ﮐﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﺍﺭﺷﺪ‬

‫ﮐﻠﻴﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻥ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺩﺭﺳﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻃﻲ ﺁﻥ ﻓﺮﺍﻳﻨﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‬
‫ﺣﻞ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻭ ﻏﻠﺒﻪ ﺑﺮ ﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪﮔﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭﺱ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ )‪ ،(MSS‬ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ )‪ (DSS‬ﻭ ﻣﮑﺎﻧﻴﺰﻡﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻮﺷﻤﻨﺪﻱ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻱ)‪ (BI‬ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺁﺷﻨﺎ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭﺱ ﭼﻬﺎﭼﻮﺑﻲ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﺷﺪﻩ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻲ ﻭ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺗﮑﻨﻴﮏﻫﺎﻳﻲ‬
‫ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺍﻧﺒﺎﺭﻩ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﺍﻳﻨﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺁﺷﻨﺎ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻲ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺕﻫﺎﻱ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ‬
‫ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺭﺍ ﻓﺮﺍ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺭﻳﺰ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ‬
‫ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻓﺮﺍﻳﻨﺪ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢﮔﻴﺮﻱ)‪۱‬ﺟﻠﺴﻪ(‬ ‫‪.۱‬‬
‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻥ ﺗﺼﻤﻲ )‪۱‬ﺟﻠﺴﻪ(‬ ‫‪.۲‬‬
‫ﻣﻔﻬﻴﻢ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻮﺷﻤﻨﺪﻱ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻱ )‪ (Business Intelligence‬ﻭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻥ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ )‪۱‬ﺟﻠﺴﻪ(‬ ‫‪.۳‬‬
‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﮔﻴﺮﻱ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭﺭﻧﻤﺎﻳﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺸـﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﻣـﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ )‪ (MSS‬ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻴﺴـﺘﻢ ﭘﺸـﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﺗﺼـﻤﻴﻢ ﻳـﺎﺭ )‪(DSS‬‬ ‫‪.۴‬‬
‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻤﻲ ﮔﺮﻭﻫﻲ )‪۲) (G-DSS‬ﺟﻠﺴﻪ(‬
‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﺋﻲ )‪۱) (EIS‬ﺟﻠﺴﻪ(‬ ‫‪.۵‬‬
‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺧﺒﺮﻩ )‪۱) (ES‬ﺟﻠﺴﻪ(‬ ‫‪.۶‬‬
‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ )‪۱) (KMS‬ﺟﻠﺴﻪ(‬ ‫‪.۷‬‬
‫ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢﮔﻴﺮﻱ ‪،‬ﻭ ﻓﺎﺯﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻥ )‪۱‬ﺟﻠﺴﻪ(‬ ‫‪.۸‬‬
‫ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ ‪،‬ﺩﻭﺭﻧﻤﺎﻳﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ ﺯﻳـﺮ ﺳﻴﺴـﺘﻢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ‪ ،‬ﺯﻳﺮﺳﻴﺴـﺘﻢ ﻣـﺪﻝ ﻭ ﺯﻳﺮﺳﻴﺴـﺘﻢ ﻭﺍﺳـﻂ ﻛـﺎﺭﺑﺮ‬ ‫‪.۹‬‬
‫)‪۱‬ﺟﻠﺴﻪ(‬
‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻫﺎ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﻫﺎ ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ‪ ،‬ﭘﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ‪ ، DSS‬ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﺵ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴـﻞﻫـﺎﻱ ﺑـﺮ ﺧـﻂ ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻛـﺎﻭﻱ ﻭ ﻧﻤـﺎﻳﺶ‬ ‫‪.۱۰‬‬
‫)‪۲‬ﺟﻠﺴﻪ(‬
‫ﺍﻧﺒﺎﺭﻩ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻥ )‪۲‬ﺟﻠﺴﻪ(‬ ‫‪.۱۱‬‬
‫ﻣﺪﻝ ﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﺪﻝﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﻭ ﭘﻮﻳﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺩﻩ ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﺧـﺖ ﺗﺼـﻤﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺟـﺪﻭﻝ ﺗﺼـﻤﻴﻢ ‪،‬‬ ‫‪.۱۲‬‬
‫ﻣﺪﻟﻬﺎﻱ ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻣﺪﻝﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺑﺘﻜﺎﺭﻱ )‪ ، (Heuristic‬ﺷﺒﻴﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﻱ ‪،‬ﻣﺪﻝﻫﺎﻱ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺑﻌﺪﻱ )‪، (OLAP‬ﻣﺪﻟﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻭ ﺷـﺒﻴﻪﺳـﺎﺯﻱ ﺑﺼـﺮﻱ‬
‫)‪۲‬ﺟﻠﺴﻪ(‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ‪ DSS‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺳﻨﺘﻲ ﻋﻤﺮ ﻧﺮﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ‪،‬ﻣﺘﺪﻭﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ‪۱) DSS‬ﺟﻠﺴﻪ(‪.‬‬ ‫‪.۱۳‬‬
‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﮔﺮﻭﻫﻲ ﻭ ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﮔﺮﻭﻫﻲ )‪۱‬ﺟﻠﺴﻪ(‪.‬‬ ‫‪.۱۴‬‬
‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﺋﻲ ‪ EIS‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻲ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﺋﻲ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ ﻫـﺎﻱ ‪، EIS‬‬ ‫‪.۱۵‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ‪ EIS‬ﻭ ‪ ، DS‬ﺯﻧﺠﻴﺮﻩ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻭ ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ )‪۳‬ﺟﻠﺴﻪ(‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﺒﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮﺵ ﻣﺼﻨﻮﻋﻲ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﻫﻮﺵ ﻣﺼﻨﻮﻋﻲ ﻭ ﺍﺟﺰﺍﻱ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﺒﺮﻩ ‪ ،‬ﺳـﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺳﻴﺴـﺘﻢﻫـﺎﻱ‬ ‫‪.۱۶‬‬
‫ﺧﺒﺮﻩ ‪ ،‬ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﺒﺮﻩ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻧﻮﻉ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﺒﺮﻩ )‪۲‬ﺟﻠﺴﻪ(‬
‫ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢﮔﻴﺮ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﺍﻱ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﺍﻧﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻛﺴﺘﺮﺍﻧﺖ )‪۱‬ﺟﻠﺴﻪ(‬ ‫‪.۱۷‬‬
‫ﭘﻴﺎﺩﻩ ﺳﺎﺯﻱ ‪ DSS‬ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻥ )‪۲‬ﺟﻠﺴﻪ(‬ ‫‪.۱۸‬‬
‫‪DSS‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﻫﻮﺷﻤﻨﺪ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ )‪۱) (MSS‬ﺟﻠﺴﻪ(‬ ‫‪.۱۹‬‬
‫ﺍﻧﺒﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻛﺎﻭﻱ ‪۲) Data Warehousing Sing & Data Mining‬ﺟﻠﺴﻪ(‬ ‫‪.۲۰‬‬
‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻱ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ )‪ ،(ERP‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻱ )‪۱) (CRM‬ﺟﻠﺴﻪ(‬ ‫‪.۲۱‬‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ ‪ -‬ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪ -‬ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻲ‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ‪ :‬ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺗﺮﻡ ﻭ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺗﺮﻡ )‪ %۵۰-%۴۰‬ﮐﻞ ﻧﻤﺮﻩ(‬ ‫•‬
‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ‪ :‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻲ )‪ %۲۰-%۱۰‬ﮐﻞ ﻧﻤﺮﻩ( ﻭ ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦﻫﺎﻱ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ )ﮔﺮﻭﻫﻲ‪/‬ﺍﻧﻔﺮﺍﺩﻱ( ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫•‬
‫ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﻦ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﺱ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ )‪ %۳۰-%۲۰‬ﮐﻞ ﻧﻤﺮﻩ(‪.‬‬
‫ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻲ‪ :‬ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻨﻴﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﮐﻪ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﮐﺘﺒﻲ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﻔﺎﻫﻲ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫•‬
‫)‪ %۱۰‬ﮐﻞ ﻧﻤﺮﻩ(‬
‫•‬

‫ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ‬

‫‪Turban, E., Sharda, R., Delen, D., " Decision Support System and Business Intelligent Systems" , 9th Edition,‬‬
‫‪Prentice Hall, 2010.‬‬
‫‪Marakas,G.M., Decision Support in the 21st Century, 2nd edition, Prentice Hall, 2003‬‬
‫‪Todman, C., Designing a Data Warehouse: Supporting Customer Relationship Management, Prentice Hall‬‬
‫‪Professional Technical Reference, 2000.‬‬
‫‪Stanley A. Brown, Customer Relationship Management A Strategic Imperative in the World of e- Business,‬‬
‫‪Wiley, John & Sons, Inc., 1999.‬‬