Budka ;nuq ys; ñ ï ÿ ,shla ï ˆ ù á V T ø ï ê á

ta Å wíÿ¾ ye÷kqïm; í VË ú ó fõ

fcaiqia jykafiaf.a Y=oaO jQ mKsúvh

fcaiqia jykafia ms<sn| bia,dóh m%;sm;a;sh mokï follska

hqla;hs" hqfoVjka fcaiqia jykafiaf.a foaj jla;DNdjh
m%;slafIam lrk w;r t;=udg kï we;af;a jÜgdäfhla
hkakhs" fuhg mgyeksj ls;=ne;sue;shka fcaiqia jykafia foaj
mq;%fhla hhs i,ld Tyqg keuoSuo lrkafkdah" bia,dï fuhg
yd;amiskau fjkiajk mrsos fcaiqia jykafiag ,nd oS we;af;a
wdn%ydï" fudaiia" uqyïuoa" hkdoS foaj jla;Djrekag ,nd oS
we;as Wiia ia:dkhhs'
fuu m%;sm;a;sh bia,dï W.kajk talfoajjdoh Tmamq lsrSu yd
iudkh' tfukau foaj mKssúc iy foaj jla;Djreka w;r
mj;ski ir, iudka;rho Tmamq lsrSuls" oeka wms fcaiqia
jykafia ms<sn| meyeos<s wjfndaOhla ,nd .ekSug Tyqf.a
i;HNdjh tlsfkl úuid n,uq'
1&- foúhka jykafia ish,a, okafial''''tfy;a fcaiq;=ud tfia
fkdùh"
úksYaph oskh ms<sn|j úia;r bosrsm;a lrk wjia:djl
fcaiq;=ud i;= oekqfï iSñ; Ndjh .ek wp, idCIs olajd isá
~kuq;a ta oji;a ta mehj;a mshdKka jykafia ñi wka
lsisfjla okafka ke;" iaj¾.fhys isák ¥;fhdaj;a mq;%hdj;a
fkdokd;s" ^ud¾la 13-32 yd uf;V 24-36&

foúhka jykafia ish,a, okakd fial" iajdóka jykafiaf.a

oekqu wisñ;h" wjidk oskh t<fUkqfha ljodo hkak
ms<sn|j ish fkdoskSu ms<S.ekSu ksid fcaiq;=ud ish,a, okakd
ij_{dkfhla fkdjk nj meyeos<sj ikd: lf¾" fï wkqj
fcaiq;=ud iajdóka jykafia fkdjk nj meyeos<sh'

2&- iajdóka jykafia ij_ n,Odrshdh" tfy;a fcaiq;=ud tfia

fkdùh"
úúO m%d;sydhH_hka mE fcaiq;=ud tfia lsrsu i|yd fhdod
.;af;a ;ud i;=jQ n,hla fkdjk nj;a th iajdóka
jykafiaf.a ,nd .;a;la nj;a lshd isáhy" ~ taldka;fhkau
uu Tng lshñ mq;%hdKkag lsisjla ;ks n,fhka l<
fkdyelsh" Tyqg l< yelafla mshdKka jykafia lrk nj
;ukag fmfkk foh muKls"~ ^fhdydka 5-19& ;jo fhdydka
5-30 ys wkqj kej; jrla fcaiq;=ud fufia m%ldY lr isà ~ug
;kshu lsisjla lrkak kqmqˆjk" uu wik mrsoafokau
úksYaph lrñ" udf.a úksYaph O¾ñIGh" ulaksido udf.au
leue;a; fkdj ud tjq ;eke;a jykafiaf.a leue;a; fidhñ'~

foúhka jykafia ij_ n,Odrsfhlao muKla fkdfV iEu

n,hlu W,am; jkafkao Wkajykafiauh" ;udf.a leue;a;
wkqj ;ukag lsisjla l< fkdyels nj m%ldY lsrSfukau
fcaiq;=ud ij_ n,Odrsfhla fkdjk nj m%;HlaIju ikd: lf¾
fï wkqj fcaiq;=ud iajdóka jykafia fkdjk nj m%;HlaIfV
3)- foúhka jykafiag kï ;j;a foú flfkla fkdue;
tfy;a fcaiq;=udg foú flfkla isáfhah"
wjidk ;Skaÿjg t<öu yd ieug irKùu foúhka jykafia
i;=h" tfiau foúhka jykafia fiiq flfkl=g wehoskafka fyda
kuoskafka fyda hd{d lrkafkao fkdue;" tfy;a ;udf.a
keuoSï tfiau ;uka úiaka hd{d lrkq ,nk fiiq flfkl=
isák nj fcaiq;=ud fufia ms<S.ks" ~uu udf.a mshdKka jykafia
yd kqU,df.aa mshdKka jykafiao udf.a foúhka jykafiao yd
kqU,df.aa jykafiao fj;g k.sñhs" ^fhdydka 20-17& tfiau
uf;V 27-46 ys wkqj fcaiq;=ud l=reisfhaoS fufia je<mqK
njo jd¾:d fõ" udf.a foúhkS udf.a foúhkS Tn ud
w;ayersfha ulaksido@ fcaiq;=ud foúhka jykafia ù kï Tn ud
w;ayersfha ulaksido hkafjka mejish yelsj ;snqKSo@ th w¾:
Y=kH l:djls" ^¨la 11-2-7& wkqj iajdóka jykafiaf.a hd{dj
fcaiq;=ud úiskau wkq.ukh lroaos Tyq ;udgu hd{d lf<ao@
f.;afiufka WhfkaoS fcaiq;=ud my; oelafjk mrsos hd{d l<
nj ^uf;õ 26-36& ys i|yka ù we;" ~ wfyda udf.a mshdKks
yelskï fï l=i,;d ud flfrka myfjkakg mqˆjkakï tfia
fõjd tfia ù kuq;a ud leu;s f,i fkdj Tn leu;s f,i
fõjdhs hd{d l< fial"~ fuhska fy<sfjkafka fcaiq;=ud
;ukagu hd{d l< njo@

fcaiq;=ud fiiq flfkl=g keuoSu l< nj fyda fiiq flfkl=g

hd{d l< nj ms<s.ekSuo fcaiq;=ud iajdóka jykafia fkdjk
nj m%;sHhlaIju ikd: lrk idOlhls"

4&- fuh t;=udf.au m%;sHhlaIjQ woyiah

foúhka jykafia yd fcaiq;=ud tlyd iudk fkdjk mj;a "
fofokdu tlu mqoa.,fhl= fkdjk nj;a" jvd;a meye,s<sj
ikd: lrk woyia fcaiq;=udf.a uqúka m%ldY ù we;' fhdydka
14-28 ys fufia jd¾:d fõ" mshdKka jykafia ug jvd W;=ïh"
;uka hym;a ijdñfhlah hkak hful= m%ldY l< wjia:dfõoS
fcaiq;=ud ms<s;=re ÿka whqre ¨la 18-19 ys fufia oelafõ" ug
hym;a hhss kqU lshkafka ulaksido@ tlaflfkla tkï foúhka
jykafia ñi fjk lsisfjla hym;a fkdfõ" ;j;a ;uka yd
foúhka jykafia w;r we;s fjki fhdydka 8- 42 ys fcaiq;=ud
b;d m%;sHlaIj fmkakqï lr fokafka fufiah" uu foúhka
jykafia flfrka kslau weú;a isáu udf.au leu;af;ka ud
wdjd fkdj Wkajykafia ud tjQfial" foúhka jykafia yd
;uka w;r we;s iudk;djhg jvd ;uka Wka jykafia hgf;a
isákafkl= nj fcaiq;=ud idCIs orhs" udf.a leu;a; fkdj
Tnf.a leu;a; fkdj ud tjQ ;eke;a jykafiaf.a leu;a;
fidhñ" ^fhdydka 5-30& fï wkqj ;ud Wjukdfjka fuf,dg
fkdmeñKs nj;a foúhka jykafia úiska fhduq lrjkq ,enQ
nj;a ;ukag jvd fYaIaGfhl= isák nj;a ms<s.kñka" fjk;a
flfkl=f.a leue;a; ;yjqre lr ;ukaf.a leue;a; n,rys;
nj;a mejiSfuka" fcaiq;=ud mru ufyda;a;u w;s fY%aIaG
foúhka jykafia fkdjk nj ikd: lr we;s nj m%;sHlaIfõ"
nhsn,h wkqj iajdóka jykafia hkq woDYHudk wd;auhls"

5&- tfy;a fcaiq;=ud udxifhka yd reêrfhka iukaú;

mqo.,fhls'
foúhka jykafia Tyqf.a m%;srEmfhka ukqIHhdj ks¾udKh
lf<a hhs ls;=ne;sue;shka úYajdi lr;s" fuh W;am;a;s 1-26
ys fufia i|yka ù we;" ;jo foúhka jykafia wmf.a
iajrEmfhka wmf.a iudk;ajh f,i ukqIHhd idoïy''''
kuq;a fhidhd 40-18 ys 25 ys fuhg fjkiaj i|yka ù we;"
tfyhska kqT,d foúhka jykafia ldg iulrkakyqo@ fkdfyd;a
fldhs rEmldrhla Wkajykafiag iudk lrkakyqo@ ;j;a
.S;dj,sfha 89-6 ys fufia i|yka ù we;" ulaksido
wdldYfhys ljfrla iajdóka jykafiag iudk l< yelso@
n,j;=kaf.a mq;%hkaf.ka ljfrla iajdóka jykafia iudk
jkafkao@ ;j;a fhfrñhd 10-6-7 ys iajdóka jykai Tng
iudk jQ lsisfjla ke;" Tn W;=ï fial Tnf.a kduh
mrdl%ufhka W;=ïj ;sfí" wjidk jYfhka wms rdcdj,sfha
m<uqfjks fmdf;a 8-27 h lshjuq"

kuq;a foúhka jykafia ieneúkau fmdf<dfjys jikag

i;=gqjkfial@ iaj¾.ho iaj¾.j, iaj¾.ho Tn jykafiag
bv uosh" wfma m%YaK jkafka fcaiqia jykafia foúfhl= ùug
iqÿiq lu ,nkafka flfiao@ wfma wks;a m%YaKh jkafka iajdóka
jykafila fuf,djys mj;sk n,fõ.fha Wmldrfhka cks;
jkafka flfiao@ ulaksido nhsn,fhys fldgila iaj¾.ho
iaj¾.j, foúhka jykafiag bv uosh hkqfjka i|yka ù
we;"
oyia ixLHd; mqoa.,hska fcaiq;=udj ÿgqfjdah" Tyqf.a yË
weiqfjdah" kuq;a foúhka jykafia olskakg fyda t;=ukaf.a yË
wikakg fyda lsisfjl=g fkdyels nj fcaiq;=ud lshd isáfhah"
lsisfjla lsisl,l foúhka jykafia ÿgqfõ ke;"
^fhdydka 1-18&
foúhka jykafia lsisu wjia:djloS oel ke;s w;r Tyqf.a
yË o wid ke; hkqfjka fcaiq;=ud l, m%ldYkhkao t;=udf.a
wkq.dñlhska t;=udj oel ;sîfuka yd Tyqf.a yË wid
;sîfukao fcaiq;=ud foúhka jykafia fkdjk nj meyeos<sj
ikd: lf¾" fcaiq;=ud ;udf.a cSú; ld,h ;=, hïlsis
wjia:djlj;a ;ud keuoSug iqÿiq ij_ n,Odrs foúfhla hhs
m%ldY lf,a ke;" fuhg mgyeksj Tyq ;udf.a ;udf.a
ck;dj iaj¾.fha isák tlu foúhka jykafiag kuoskakhs
m%pdr lf<ah" fcaiqia jykafia fiau wms;a tlu foúhka
jykafiag uqˆukskau lSlre ù wmf.a úYajdih;a Yla;su;a
fkdl< hq;af;a wehs@ ;jo fcaiqia jykafia ukqIHfhl= yd foaj
jla;Djrfhla muKla hhs wfma úYajdih Tmamq lrkafka wehs@

ks.ukh
foúhka jykafia yd fcaiq;=ud ms<sn|j wjfndaOh ,nd .ekSug
yels uQ,sl u. nhsn,h nj ls%ia;shdks iNdj ms<s.kshs" tfy;a
fcaiq;=ud hkq w;s fY%aIG foúhka jykafia fkdjk nj;a mru
ufyda;a;u w;s fYa%IaG foúhka jykafia hkq fcaiq;=ud fkdjk
nj;a nhsn,h úiskau by; oelafjk mrsos m%;sHlaIj ikd:
lroaos Bg mgyeks úYajdihlg t<fUkafka l=uk mokula
u;o@ fuh b;d meyeos<sj wjfndaO l< hq;=h"

tkï woï;=ud isg uqyïuoa ;=ud olajd iEu jla;Djrfhlau

foúhka jykafiaf.a tal foajjdoh .ek foaYkd lf<dah"
tfukau iEu jla;Djrfhl=f.au o¾Ykh jqfha bia,dïh" tys
f;areu jkafka tlu ienE w,a,dya foúhka jykafiaf.a wK
mK;a kS;srS;s j,g iyuq,skau lSlreùuh" Tjqka foúhka
jykafia talshhs ;sfofkl= fkdfjhs " Tyqg iudkj fiiq
foúfhla ke;" foúhka jykafia ij_ iïmQ¾K talshhs ;yjre
lr;s" my; oelafjk w,al=¾wdka jdlH úuid ne,Su wm
ldf.a;a j.lSuls" Tyq w,a,dya foúhka jykafiah tlu ienE
w,a,dya iodld,sl wdrlaIlhdh" Tyqg Wm;la ke;" Tyq Wmo
jkafkao ke;" Tyqg iudkjQ lsisfjla ke;"
^w,al=¾wdka- fPaoh 112&

fcaiqia jykafia ms<sn|j Y=oaO jQ w,al=¾wdkfha u;h"

^w& foúhka jykafiaf.a jla;Djrfhlah

fcaiqia jykafia foaj jla;Djrfhlah" Tyqf.a ckauh isÿ jQfha
lsishï fN!;sl iïnkao;djhlska f;drj m%d;sydhH_ka
ud._fhkah" fï ms<sn|j w,al=¾wdka fufia i|yka lrhs" wfyda
urshd we;af;kau w,a,dya Tn f;dard .;af;ah" Tn mrsY=oaO
lf<ah"f,dj ia;%Skaf.ka Tn f;dard .;af;a hhs foaj iqrsÿ;hka
wEg lSfjdah" wfyda urshd Tnf.a iajdóka jykafiag keuoSu
lrakakjqka iu. kqU;a ksr; jkak" fuh kqU fj; wm
m%ldYk jdlHhka my< l< .=ma; jQ jD;a;dka; hkaf.kah"
urshd ;=ñh Ndr.kafka Tjqkaf.ka ljqrekaoehs Tjqkaf.a mkays|
úis l< l,ays Tjqka fj; kqU fkdisáfhysh" Tjqka újdo l<
iufhyso kqU Tjqka fj; fkdisáfhysh"

wfyda urshd;=ñh fuf,djo wk;su osko w;sfY%IaGfhla hhso

w,a,dyag <xjQjkaf.ka jQ;a Tyqf.ka jQ jpkhla .ek
we;af;kau w,a,dya Tng Y=NdrxÉ fokafkah" Tyqf.a ku
urshd;=ñh mq;a ^wNsfIal ,;a& fcaiq;=udKkahhs foaj iQr¥hka
lsfjdah" Tyq ì<s÷ úfhysoSo" uOHu úfhysoSo" ñksiqkag l:d
lrkafkah' Tyq hym;a whf.kah"

uf.a iajdóks
lsisu mqreIfhla ud iam¾I fkdlgug orefjl= yg.kafka
flfia oehs ^wE& lSjdh" w,a,dya foúhka Tyq is;= ks¾udKh
lsrSug is;=fha kï" Tyq thg fõjhs lshKq muKh" túg th
isÿfjhs" Tyq ^fcaiqia jykafia&g fmd; yd oekquo f;dard;a yd
Y=NdrxÑho W.kajkafkah'
biardB,a orejka fj; Tyq jla;Djrfhl= f,i wms my<
lf<uq" kqUf.a iajdóka jtkafiaf.ka mKsúvhla /f.k kqU
fj; we;af;kau uu meñKsfhñ' ieneúkau ud kqUg
mlaIsfhl=f.a rEmhla lsrs ueáfhka wUd we;=,g msôkafkñ'
túg th w,a,dyaf.a wjirfhka mCIsfhla fjhs" w,a,dyaf.a
wjirfhka uu cd;HkaOhka ,dÿre frda.Skao ij lrkafkañ'
foúhkaf.a wjirfhka u<jqkao ke.sgq jakfkñ' kqUf.a
ksjiaj, kqU wkqNj lrk oeho kqU ;ekam;a lr ;nk oeho
.ek kqUg uu okajkafkñ' kqU úYajdi lrkafka kï kqUg
fuh i,l=Kla fj;shs lsfõh" ug fmr ;snQ ;õrd;ays ks;srs;s
i;H lrñkao kqUg ;ykï lrkq ,enQ oehska iuyrla kqUg
wkqu; lsrSugo uu my< lrkq ,enqfjñ' kqUf.a iajdóka
jykafiaf.ka m%d;sydhH_lao kqU fj; /f.k wdfjñ' tfyhska
w,a,dya foúhka jykafiag ìh jkak" ug lslre jkakhs
lSfõh" we;af;kau "w,a,dya uf.ka kqUf.a;a iajdóka
jykafiah"tfyhska Tyqg kuoskak"fuh iDcq ud._h
^w,al=¾wdka 3-42-51&

Tyq jla;Djrfhlauhs"
fcaiqia jykafiaf.a uj urshd;=ñh lsisúgj;a ;ud foúhka
jykafiaf.a uj nj mejiqfõ ke;" weh Yla;su;a" ks¾u,
ldka;djlah" fuh w,al=¾wdka fufia m%ldY lrhs"
urshd;=ñhf.a mq;a wNsfIala ,;a jla;Djrfhl= ñi ^ iajdóka
jykafia fyda mq;%fhlao& fkdfõ'
Tyqg fmro Tyqjeks fkdfhla jla;Djre Wl=;ajQy" Tyqf.a ujo
i;Hjka;shls" fï fofokd wdydr wKqNj lf<dah"
^jla;DjrhdKks& wms fï i,l=Kqj,ska Tjqkg flfia meyeos<s
lrkafkuqoehs kqU i,ld n,kak" miqj Tjqyq ^i;Hfhka&
fldmuK ÿr wE;a ù .sfhda oehs kqU i,ld n,kak"
^w,al=¾wdka 5-75&
Tyqf.a ks¾udKh wdoï yd iudkh
i¾j n,Odrs w,a,dya foúhka jykafia w,al=¾wdkfhys fufia
m%ldY lrhs" we;af;kau w,a,dya foúhka jykafiaf.a
ikaksOdkfhys fciqia jykafiag Wmudj wdoï;=udf.a Wmudj
n÷h" Tyq wdoïj ueáfhka weU miq thg ^ñksid& fjkak hhs
lSfõh" Tyq flfKysu úh" ^w,al=¾wdka 3-59&

fcaiqia jykafia foúhka jykafiaf.a mq;%hka jYfhka ms<s.kakd

m%;sm;a;sh wˆ;ska u;=jk fohla fkdfõ' idudkHfhka ishˆ
mqrdk wd.ï m%;sm;a;Ska fujeks my;a m%;sm;a;shla y÷kajd oS
;sfí' fï ms<sn|j w,al=¾wdka fufia i|yka lrhs" Wffi¾
w,a,dya foúhka jykafiaf.a mq;%hdhhs hqfoõjka lsfjdah"
wNsfIal ,;a fcaiq;=udfkda w,a,dyaf.a mq;%hd hhs
ls;=ne;sue;shka lSfjdah" th Tjqkaf.a uqúka jQ Tjqkaf.a
lshukh" Tjyq fuhg fmr úYjdi fkdfld<jqkaf.a lshuk
wkqlrKh flfr;s" w,aa,dya Tjqkg Ydm flf¾jd" Tjqka
i;Hfhka wE;aj fldyso uq<dfjkaka@ ^w,al=¾wdka 9-30&

fcaiq;=ud foúfhla hhs ie,lsu ms<sn|jh

úksYap oskfha fcaiqia jykafia ;udj foúfhla jYfhka

úYajdi lr ;udgu keuÿï l< whj m%;slafIam lrk nj
w,al=¾wdka fufia m%ldY lrhs"
w,a,dya foúhka jykafia fjkqjg Tn yd Tnf.a uj foúhka
fia i,lkakhs Tn ñksiqkg mejiqjysoehs ursh;=ñhf.a mq;a
fcaiq;=udf.ka w,a,dya foúhka jykafia wik l,ays fcaiq;=ud
fufia ms<s;=re fohs" Tn iqúY=oaOh ud lsisodhl ug wh;a
fkdjk oehla ms<sn|j i|yka lsrSu ug hq;= fkdfõ" ud tfia
lsfjñ kï we;af;kau Tn th okafkysh" ukao Tn udf.a
is;a;=, we;s foa .ek ud fkdokafkñ" ksYaõ; jYfhka Tn
woDYHudk ishˆ foa okafkysh" ^w,al=¾wdka -5-116&

fcaiq;=ud l=reisfhys weK .eiSu ms<sn|jh

fcaiq;=udf.a ckauh fia fuf,da cSú;fha iudma;shla ishˆ
fokdgu wNsryila úh" ksh;jYfhkau fkdfhla ls;= mqia;l
fcaiq;=ud l=reisfhys weK .eiqfõ ke;ehs lshk w;r t;=ud
urKhg m;ajQfhao ke;ehs m%ldY lrhs" fï .ek w,al=¾wdka
fufia i|yka lrhs"
w,a,dya jla;Djrhd jQ urshdf.a mq;a fcaiq;=udj wms >d;kh
lf,uq hehs Tjqka lSfjdah" tfy;a Tjqka Tyqj >d;kh lf<a
ke;" l=reisfhys ;nd weK.eiqfõo ke;" tfy;a Tjqkg
tjekakla ujd fmkajkq ,enqfõh" we;af;kau tys fï ms<sn|j
u;fNao jQ wh taa .ek ;jÿrg;a ielfhysuh" is;=ú,s
wkq.ukh lsrSula ñi ta iïnkaOj Tjqkg isisÿ oekqula ke;"
tfy;a ksYaph jYfhkau Tjqka Tyqj fkduerefjdah" tfy;a
w,a,dya foúhka jykafia ^fcaiq;=udj& Tyqj ;ud fj;g
tfiõfõh" w,a,dya iajdóka jykafia ij_ n,iïmkakh" ij_
{d;d {dkSh" ^w,al=¾wdka- 4-157-158&

fuys i|yka jk ishˆu nhsn,a jdlH Wmqgd .kq ,enqfõ •

,xld nhsn,a iud.u úiska j¾I 1938 ys oS m%ldYkhg m;a
l< Y=oaO nhsn,h u.skah"