25.79: a)  Vab = ε − Ir = 12.0 V − (−10.0 A) (0.24 Ω) = 14.4 V.

b)  E = Pt = IVt = (10 A) (14 .4 V) (5) (3600 s) = 2.59 ×10 6 J.

c)  E diss = Pdiss t = I 2 rt = (10 A) 2 (0.24 Ω) (5) (3600 s) = 4.32 ×10 5 J.
d) Discharged at 10 A:
I=
ε ⇒ R = ε − Ir = 12.0 V − (10 A) (0.24 Ω) = 0.96 Ω.
r+R I 10 A
e)  E = Pt = IVt = (10 A) (9.6 V ) (5) (3600 s) =1.73 ×10 6 J.
f) Since the current through the internal resistance is the same as before, there is the
same energy dissipated as in (c): E diss = 4.32 ×10 5 J.
g) The energy originally supplied went into the battery and some was also lost over
the internal resistance. So the stored energy was less than was needed to charge it. Then
when discharging, even more energy is lost over the internal resistance, and what is left is
dissipated over the external resistor.