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‫‪-1‬أ‪ (-‬ﻳﻜﻮن اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﻌﻘﺪي ‪ z = x + iy‬ﺟﺬرا ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺎ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪ −2 − 2i 3‬إذا وﻓﻘﻂ إذا آﺎن ‪ :‬ﻳﺤﻘﻖ‬
‫‪( x + iy ) 2 = −2 − 2i 3‬‬
‫‪⎧ x 2 − y 2 = −2‬‬
‫⎪⎪‬
‫‪⎨2xy = −2 3‬‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻨﻲ أن ‪:‬‬
‫‪⎪x 2 + y 2 = 4‬‬
‫⎩⎪‬
‫وﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل هﺬﻩ اﻟﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﻧﺤﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫)‪ ( x , y ) = (1, − 3‬أو )‪( x , y ) = ( −1, 3‬‬
‫وﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﺈن اﻟﺠﺬرﻳﻦ اﻟﻤﺮﺑﻌﻴﻦ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪ −2 − 2i 3‬هﻤﺎ ‪ 1 − i 3 :‬و ‪−1 + i 3‬‬

‫ب‪ (-‬ﻣﻤﻴﺰ اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ )‪ (E‬هﻮ‪:‬‬

‫)‪Δ = (3 + i 3) 2 − 4 × 2(1 + i 3‬‬
‫‪= −2 − 2i 3‬‬
‫اﻟﺠﺬرﻳﻦ اﻟﻤﺮﺑﻌﻴﻦ ﻟﻠﻤﻤﻴﺰ ‪ Δ‬هﻤﺎ ‪:‬‬
‫‪−1 + i 3‬‬ ‫و‬ ‫‪1− i 3‬‬
‫إذن ‪ z 1 = 2‬و ‪z 2 = 1 + i 3‬‬
‫} ‪S = {z 1 , z 2‬‬

‫‪u = z12 + z22‬‬ ‫‪-2‬أ‪ (-‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‬

‫‪= 4 + (1 − i 3) 2‬‬
‫)‪= 2 − 2i 3 = 2(1 − i 3‬‬
‫وﻣﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬ ‫وﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪u = 4‬‬
‫‪⎛1‬‬ ‫⎞ ‪3‬‬
‫‪u = 4 ⎜⎜ −‬‬ ‫⎟⎟ ‪i‬‬
‫⎠ ‪⎝2 2‬‬
‫⎛‬ ‫⎞ ‪⎛ −π‬‬ ‫⎞⎞ ‪⎛ π‬‬
‫⎜ ‪= 4 ⎜ cos‬‬ ‫⎟ ⎟ ‪⎟ + i sin ⎜ −‬‬
‫⎝‬ ‫⎠ ‪⎝ 3‬‬ ‫⎠⎠ ‪⎝ 3‬‬
‫⎡‬ ‫⎤ ‪π ⎤ ⎡ 5π‬‬
‫⎥ ‪= ⎢ 4, − ⎥ = ⎢ 4,‬‬
‫⎣‬ ‫⎦ ‪3⎦ ⎣ 3‬‬

‫ب‪ (-‬ﺣﺴﺐ ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﻣﻮاﻓﺮ ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪:‬‬

‫⎡‬ ‫⎤ ‪5π‬‬
‫⎥ ×‪u 2001 = ⎢ 42001 ; 2001‬‬
‫⎣‬ ‫⎦ ‪3‬‬
‫‪5π‬‬
‫×‪2001‬‬ ‫‪≡ 667 × 5π‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪≡ π + 2k π‬‬
‫‪arg u‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬
‫أي ‪≡ π [ 2π ] :‬‬
‫إذن ‪u 2001 = −4 2001‬‬
‫ﻳﻌﻨﻲ أﻧﻪ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﺐ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -3‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪AB = 1 + i 3 − 2‬‬

‫‪=2‬‬
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AC = 3 + i 3 − 2
=2
BC = 3 + i 3 − 1 − i 3
=2
AB = AC = BC ‫إذن‬
.‫ ﻣﺜﻠﺚ ﻣﺘﺴﺎوي اﻷﺿﻼع‬ABC ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻓﺈن‬