Solution

LINEAR EQUATIONS OF TWO VARIABLE

Class 10 - Mathematics
Section A
1. (b) a = 5 and b = 2

Explanation: Given that, (x + 1) is a factor of f(x) = 2xs + ax2 + 2bx + 1, then f(-1) = 0

[if (x + α ) is factor of f(x) = ax2 = bx + c, then f(-) then f(-) = 0]

⇒  2(-1)3 + a(-1)2 + 2b(-1) + 1 = 0

⇒  -2 + a - 2ab + 1 = 0

⇒  a - 2b - 1 = 0 .... (i)

Also, 2a - 3b = 4

⇒  3b = 2a - 4

2a−4
⇒ b = ( )

i
3

Now, put the value of b in Eq. (i), we get

a l
a− 2(
2a−4

3
) − 1 = 0

 3a - 2(2a - 4) - 3 = 0

rim
⇒

,
⇒  3a - 4a + 8 - 3 = 0

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⇒  -a + 5

Now, put the value of a in Eq. (i), we get

5 - 2b - 1 = 0

sh

29
4
⇒  2b = 4

 b = 2

4
⇒

Hence, the required values of a and b are 5 and 2, respectively.

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2. (c) x = 3 and y = 2

Explanation: Firstly add up both eq.

217x + 131y = 913, 

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131x + 217y = 827, 

348x + 348y = 1740

Dividing both side by 348

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We get x + y = 5 ... (i)

Similarly Subtract given eqn 217x + 131y = 913 - (131x + 217y = 827)

86x - 86y = 86

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Dividing both side by 86

We get x - y = 1 ... (ii)equation

Now, solve equation (i) and (ii)

x + y = 5 

x - y = 1

2x = 6

⇒  x = 3

Put x = 3 in equation (i)

x + y = 5

3 + y = 5

y = 5 - 3

⇒  y = 2

Hence, x = 3 y = 2
3. (b) 45 years

Explanation: Let my age and son's age be x and y years.

Given, x = 3y

5(y+5)
x+5= 2

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 5(y+5)
⇒ 3y + 5 = 2

⇒  6y + 10 = 5y + 25

⇒  y = 15

x = 3 × 15 = 45

Hence, my age and son's age are 45 years and 15 years.

4. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation: As x = 3, y = 1 is the solution of

2x + y - q2 - 3 = 0

2 × 3 + 1 - q2 - 3 = 0

4 - q2 = 0

q2 + 4 = 0

q = ±2

So, both assertion and reason are correct and reason explains assertion.
5. Given equations are
.....(i)

i
x + 3y = 5

2x + 6y = 8 ..(ii)

a l
a1 b1 c1

a2
=
1

2
;
b2
=
1

2
;
c2
=
5

rim
a1 b1 c1
= ≠

,
a2 b2 c2

∴ the pair of linear equations is inconsistent.

6. Here we have

x – y = 2 ....... (i)

x + y = 4 .......... (ii)
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4
Add (i) and (ii)

4
2x = 6

x = 3

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Put x = 3 in (ii), we get

3 + y = 4

y = 1

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So, x = 3, y = 1

∴ a = 3, b = 1

Section B
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96

7. -2

Explanation:
Since x = 3k + 2 and y = 2k - 1 is a solution of the equation 4x - 3y + 1 = 0,

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substituting these values in equation,

we get 4(3k + 2) - 3(2k - 1) + 1 = 0

⇒ 12k + 8 - 6k + 3 + 1 = 0 ⇒ 6k + 12 = 0

⇒ 6k = -12 ⇒ k = -2

8. (a) - (iii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (i), (d) - (iii)

9. (a) - (iv), (b) - (iii), (c) - (i), (d) - (ii)
10. No.

Conditions for pair of linear equations are consistent

a1/a2 ≠ b1/b2. [unique solution]

and a1/a2 = b1/b2 = c1/c2 [coincident or infinitely many solutions]

The given pair of linear equations

x + 3y = 11 and 2x + 6y = 11

Comparing with ax + by + c = 0;

Here, a1 = 1, b1 = 3, c1 = -11

And a2 = 2, b2 = 6, c2 = -11

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 a1 /a2 = 1/2

b1 /b2 = 1/2

c1 /c2 = 1

Here, a1/a2 = b1/b2 ≠ c1/c2.

Hence, the given pair of linear equations has no solution.

11. 3x + 2y - 7 = 0 ....(i)
4x + y - 6 = 0 ....(ii)
From eqn. (ii)

4x + y - 6 = 0

4x + y = 6

y = 6 - 4 x ...(iii)
On putting this value of y in eqn. (i)

3x + 2(6 - 4x) - 7 = 0

⇒ 3x + 12 - 8x - 7 = 0

⇒ -5x + 5 = 0

i
⇒ 5x - 5 = 0

l
⇒ 5x = 5

⇒ x = 5/5

a
rim
∴ x = 1

,
Substituting this value of x in (ii), we get,

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4(1) + y - 6 = 0

⇒ y = 6 - 4 × 1

⇒ y = 6 - 4

sh

29
4
⇒y=2
4
Hence, values of x and y of given linear equations are 1 and 2 respectively.
47 Section C
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12. The given pair of linear equations

2x + y = 4

and 2x-y = 4

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Table for line 2x + y = 4

x 0 2
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y 4 0

Points A B
and table for line 2x - y = 4
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x 0 2

y -4 0

Points C B

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 So the Graphical representation of both lines is as above.

Here, both lines and Y - axis from a △ABC .

Hence, the vertices of a △ABC are A (0,4), B(2,0) and C(0,- 4) where A and C are obtained by putting x = 0 in the given
equations abd B is obtained by solving them together.

∴ Required area of △ABC = 2 ×  Area of △AOB

△ABC = 2 × ( × 4 × 2) = 8 sq. units.

1

Hence, the required area of the triangle is 8 sq units.

13. Let the fraction be
x

Then, according to the question,

x+1
= 1 ......(1)

y−1

y+1
=
1

2
.........(2)

⇒ x + 1 = y - 1 ...........(3)

2x = y + 1................(4)

⇒ x - y = - 2................(5)

2x - y = 1......................(^)

Substituting equation (5) from equation (6), we get x =3

l i
Substituting this value of x in equation (5), we get

3 - y = -2

⇒ y = 3 + 2

a
rim

,
⇒ y = 5

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Hence, the required fraction is 3

Verification: Substituting the value of x = 3 and y = 5,

we find that both the equations(1) and ( 2) are satisfied as shown below:

sh

29
x+1 3+1
4
= 1

4
= =
y−1 5−1 4
4
x

y+1
=
5+1
3
=
3

6
=
1

Hence, the solution is correct.

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Section D
14. (b)
500

20
Explanation: 500
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15. (d)
140

Explanation: 140
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16. (d)
60 km/h, 45 km/h

Explanation: 60 km/h, 45 km/h

17. (b)
4 Hrs

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Explanation: 4 Hrs
a1 b1 c1
18. (c)
a2
=
b2
=
c2

a1 b1 c1
Explanation: a2
=
b2
=
c2

19. i. (b) Girish sells a saree at 8% profit + sells a sweater at 10% discount = ₹ 1008

⇒ (100 + 8)% of x + (100 - 10)% of y = 1008

⇒ 108% of x + 90% of y = 1008

⇒ 1.08x + 0.9 y = 1008 ...(i)

ii. (a) Girish sold the saree at 10% profit + sold the sweater at 8% discount = ₹ 1028

⇒ (100 + 10)% of x + (100 - 8)% of y = 1028

⇒ 110% of x + 92% of y = 1028

⇒ 1.1x + 0.92y = 1028 ...(ii)

iii. (d) At x-axis, y = 0

⇒ 1.08x = 1008 ⇒ x = = 1008 2800

1.08 3

iv. (a) At y-axis, x = 0

1028 25700
⇒ 0.92 y = 1028 ⇒ y = 0.92
=
23

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v. (b) Solving equations (i) and (ii), we get

x = 600 and y = 400

Hence both linear equations intersect at (600, 400)

a l i
rim

,
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sh

29
4 4
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