PURE BENDING OF ASSYMETRIC BEAMS * Warping is likely to occur* (BCA pp 151-156)

z
x y

Mz applied alone causes bending in both x-y plane and in x-z plane. So how are the stresses affected?

Notation: radius in x-y plane is Rz; in x-z plane is Ry Beware:this differs from BCA p.151 * What extra stresses does warping cause? To prevent bending in x-z plane requires a moment My: What combination of Mz and My cause Ry = ? x = yE/Rz Mz = Axy dA = (E/Rz)Ay2 dA = (E/Rz) Izz My = Axz dA = (E/Rz)Ayz dA = (E/Rz) Iyz Introduce the product moment of area Iyz relating My to Rz Similarly, for bending only in x-z plane (Rz = infinity), x = zE/Ry My = Axz dA = (E/Ry)Az2 dA = (E/Ry) Iyy Mz = Axy dA = (E/Ry)Azy dA = (E/Ry) Izy If bending occurs in both x-y and y-z planes: x = yE/Rz + zE/Ry My = (E/Ry) Iyy + (E/Rz) Iyz Mz = (E/Ry) Izy + (E/Rz) Izz
y z

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The equations for M in terms of radii R may be rearranged to be equations for R if M is prescribed, as below. M y I zz M z I yz 1 = ; Ry E I yy I zz I 2 yz

M z I yy M y I yz 1 = Rz E I yy I zz I 2 yz

So Ry and Rz can be calculated and used then to calculate x (from previous page). When Iyz = 0, the simple expressions E/R = M/I are regained. AN EXAMPLE: what are max. stresses in the L beam below, made by welding two strips A and B? Position of centroid: A z = A zdA + B zdA (90x10 + 60x10)z = 90x10x5 + 60x10x30; z = 15mm Similarly y = 35mm.

Izz = A y2dA + B y2 dA = (1/12)10x903 + 900x202 +(1/12)60x103 + 600x302 = 151x104 mm4 Similarly Iyy = 41x10 mm
4 4

25 5 35 45 Iyz = A yzdA + B yzdA = y zdz dy + + y zdz dy = 65 15 25 15

(5 15 )(25 65 )/4 + (45 15 )(35 25 )/4 = 45x10 mm If Mz = 2 kNm (= 2x10 Nmm), My = 0 kNm, E/Ry = - (2x10 )(45x10 )/(41x151x10 - 45x45x10 ) = - 2.16 N/mm Similarly, E/Rz = + 1.97 N/mm3 x = yE/Rz + zE/Ry = 1.97y - 2.16z N/mm2 Max. when y = 35mm, z = - 15mm, = 101 MPa
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