Section A

Answer , parts of the question.

An,tomy ,nd Physioogy

Question 1
(, Fig 1 shows ,n ,thete putting , shot












(i Appy your ,n,tomic, ,nd physic, knowedge to compete the joint ,n,ysis t,-e -eow.

Joint type
Articu,ting -ones
Movement A-duction
Agonist
Ant,goinist
[4]

Figure 2 shows , gymn,st hoding , crucifix position on the rings.



(ii Wh,t type of contr,ction is occurring in the shouder musces to hod
the position in fig 2?
[1]

(iii Wh,t movement is occurring in the shouder joint of the
performer in fig 2?
[1]

(iv Wh,t movement is occurring in the ,nke joint of the performer in fig
2?
[1]





(-
(i St,te Newton's 3 L,ws of Motion ,nd ,ppy them to , strength tr,ining exercise
[6]

(ii The musce fi-re type th,t woud -e used during , m,xim, strength contr,ction is f,st gycoytic
(type 11-.

Give one structur, ,nd one function, ch,r,cteristic of this musce fi-re
[2]

M,rk Scheme
Question 1
(, Fig 1 shows ,n ,thete putting , shot

(i Appy your ,n,tomic, ,nd physic, knowedge to compete the joint ,n,ysis t,-e -eow.

Joint type . Ball and socket
Articu,ting -ones 2. Scapula and Humerus
Movement A-duction
Agonist 3. Deltoid
Ant,goinist 4. Latissiumus Dorsi/ Pectoralis Major - Full anatomical name required


Figure 2 shows , gymn,st hoding , crucifix position on the rings.

(ii Wh,t type of contr,ction is occurring in the shouder musces to hod the position in fig 2?
[1]
sometric

(iii Wh,t movement is occurring in the shouder joint of the performer in fig 2?
[1]
. Abduction

(iv Wh,t movement is occurring in the ,nke joint of the performer in fig 2?
[1]
Plantarflexion



(-
(iii Appy Newton's 3 L,ws of Motion to , strength tr,ining exercise
[3]
3 m,rks m,ximum (no ,ppic,tion no m,rks
(Law of nertia/Newtons' st Law) Weight/performer will not move unless force applied
2 (Law of Acceleration/ Newtons' 2nd Law) More force applied greater weight lifted/weight lifted more
quickly/athlete must apply force at end of lift to control weight/more weight lifted requires more force to be
applied
3 (Law of Reaction/ Newtons' 3rd Law) Performer pushes against resistance/weight and force applied back
against performer

(ii The musce fi-re type th,t woud -e used during , m,xim, strength contr,ction is f,st gycoytic
(type 11-.

Give one structur, ,nd one function, ch,r,cteristic of this musce fi-re
[2]

Structur, ch,r,cteristic F,st gycoytic (type 11-
Size Large
2 Colour White
3 Glycogen Store Large
4 Sarcoplasmic reticulum development Great
5 Myelin sheath Thick
6 Myosin ATPase activity Fast
7 Motor neurone size Large

Fibres per motor neurone Many

9 Phosphocreatine store/ATP stores Large/high
Mitochondria Few
Capillaries Few
2 Myoglobin stores Low
Function, (1 m,rk su- m,ximum
Function, ch,r,cteristic F,st gycoytic (type 11-
3 Force production High
4 Relaxation time Fast
5 Contractile speed High
6 Fatigue resistant Low
7 Aerobic capacity Low
Anaerobic capacity High