1

2.

1.
2/3, 4x, x + y

(Monomial)

n m k

Ax y z

4x
-a3
6abc
-5
0
0

5 = 5x0 = 5x0y0 = 5a0b0c0

0 0
0 0 0x2 = 0xy3 = 0x2y6z3

2.

y
x+y
( 1x ) 2
4x-3
1 + 3x2
1

(1)

(2)
x 2 + y2
(3)
a-1bc3
(4)
5x4 4x4
(5)
0
(6)
abc
(7)
-4x5
(8)
2x + 2y
(9)
8-6xyz2
1
(10)
3
(11)
x2yz
(12)
-4-1ab2

(13)
(14)
pq
(15)
-cd2
(16)

(17)

1.
2.

ax
-2ax

5x2y
-2x2y

abc2
4abc2
2x2y
2xy2

3a
4x

5
-4

2



1) 4a2 14 a2
2) 3x2y3 x3y2
3) 4xy2 4x2y
4) 5
5) 8x -4
6) xyz -abc
7) 3x2y xy
8) -6 8x0
9) 14x x
10) abc a0b0c0

2.

1.
1
1.3 0.6y4
1.1 3x5
1.2 2 x2
1.4 -7x3
1.5 x6
1.6 4.2x
1.7 5x3y4
1.8 -2x3y3z2
1.9 1.7xy
1.10 13
1.12 0
1.11 z
2.

2.1

6xy3

x 2yz 2

8xy5

-4x3y2

2.2
2.3

(1/7)xyz
-6xz3

-4yz2
0.4x5y

3x1 0
1.6y z3

15yz
9xy

2.4

5xy7

-8yz3

xz

1.3y3 z2

2.5
xz 5
4yz3
9xyz6
-x2y
3.

6x3

3.1
4z
9x2
3x3
6z3
8y2z5
x2z5
2xz
4x2z
3.2 4x2z5
1
3.3 -xy
3x2y
-yz
16xz
2 xy
3y2z
8x3z
16xy2z
-x3y2z
3.4 16x3y2z
5xy4
0.6y4
0.6xz4
-x4z
3.5 0.6xy4
4. 3
4.3 0.6z
4.1 5x3
4.2 -2y4
4.4 x3y

4.5 -6yz4

4.6

3 42
5x z

4.7 x2y3z5

4.8 4xyz

= ( )
(
)

3x2y -4xy2

2
2
3x y + (-4xy )

1

(1) 4x2 + 2x2

= (4 + 2)x2
=
(2) -5x2y2z + 4x2y2z
(3) -4x + (-2x)
=
(4) 3a2b + (-6a2b)
=
=
(5) -17m2 + (-2m2)
2
2
=
(6) st + (-5st )
=
(7) x2y3 + (-4x2y3) + 5x2y3
(8) st + 4st + (-7s)
=

= 6x2

2.

= ( )
(

= (4 2)x2
(1) -5x
4x22y2z2x2 4x2y2z
(2)
=
(3) -4x (-2x)
=
2
2
=
(4) 3a b (-6a b)
2 2
(5) 3x y (-2xy)
=
(6) -17m2 (-2m2)
=
2 3
2 3
2 3
=
(7) x y (-4x y ) 5x y
(8) st 4st (-7s)
=

= 2x2

1.
1.1 4x + 9x
1.5 6xyz + (-5xyz)
1.2 7z + 5z
1.6 -4xz3 + xz3
1.7 -2yz2 + (-6yz2)
1.3 9xy2 + 3xy2
1.8 5x2y2 + 4x2y2 + 3x2y2
1.4 8xz + 3xz
2.
2.1 10y 4y
2.5 -4x3 2x3
2.2 8xz 3xz
2.6 -6xy2 (-8xy2)
2.3 7x2y 8x2y
2.7 -5xyz (-10xyz)
2.8 12x2z 6x2z 3x2z
2.4 x3z (-6x3z)
3.

3.1 8x 6x + 5x
3.2 4xy3 - 6xy3 + (-4xy3)
3.3 12xz + 7xz (-xz)
3.4 -8y2z3 + y2z3 3y2z3

1.9 8xz5 + 6xz5 + (-xz5)

1.10 -4y2z3 + (-y2z3) + (-2y2z3)

2.9 8y3z 5y3z (-2y3z)

2.10 -4x (-2x) (-8x)

3.5 -8yz2 + 6yz2 + (-4yz2)

3.6 -9x3y4 + 5x3y4 (-x3y4)

3.7 (9xz + 9xz) (12xz + 7xz)
3.8 (6xy5 2 xy5) + (4xy5
9xy5)
3.9 [3xz (-4xz)] + (6xz + 9xz)
3.10 (7y3z - 2y3z) + [-6y3z + (4y3z)]

2.


*****
1. abc 1
2a 4 2
2. a2+2a+4 , 3m 2n 7
3.
3m4 + 2m2+m 5 4
5b+ 2ab2 + a3b2 5

( ) ()
.............. 1. 2x4 4x + 3x + 1
.............. 2. 9x2 5x + 3x2 2
.............. 3. 6a2 7a + 2 2
.............. 4. -5x2yz + 7x2y2z 4xyz 5
.............. 5. 8ab 3a3 + 9ab 5a3 17ab 8a3
.............. 6. 2m2 4m + 3m5 4m6
.............. 7. 1 + 2y 3y2 y + 3 2
.............. 8. 3 3x2y
.............. 9. x3 3x2 2x + 1 4 + x2 x3 3
.............. 10. 3m + 7m2 + 4 5m3 + 8 = -5m3 7m2+12


) -3y+14-7y = (-3y+7y)+14
) 4a+a-6 = (4a+a)-6

1) 7a2 + 5a5 6a3 + 7 a5

................................................
................................................
...............................................

2) 7y4 4y + 7y3 5y2 + 4y

................................................
................................................
................................................

3) 7c +4c3 + 4 3c2 5c 4c2

................................................
...............................................
...............................................

4) 4p3 3p + 7p3q 2p3 + 4 - 8

................................................
................................................
................................................

5) 9s2t 5st2 + 7s2t 3st2 + 6

................................................
................................................
...............................................

6) (-10b3c2)+10b3c2+7bc2-9bc2+c4+(-5)
................................................
................................................
................................................

7) 5m3+3m2 m4+m3+3m2 14m2

...............................................
...............................................
...............................................

8) k2 2k2+k52k 1+3k 4
................................................
................................................
................................................

5a4 + 7a3 5a + 6 (-7a4) + (-5a2) - 4a 3



1. (7a 8b + 9c) + (2a 3b + 5c)

2. (10y2 5y 4) + (5y2 + 5y 8)

3. (7z2 + 4z) + (3 3z2 5z3 + 6z)

4. (7cdf 5cd10cf) + (3cd 4cf + 6cdf)

5. (7m + 6n s) + (8m 7n + 9s)

6. (5r2 + 6rs 8s2) + (6r2 5rs + 9s2)

7. (6a2 + 9a 5) + (8 + 8a 7a2)

8. (9a25b2 3ab) + (8b2 + 7ab)

9. (4y2 + 6z + 9) + (7y + 3) + (5y29z + 1)

10. (5 9d + 6c2) + (8c2 + 9) + (13d 18)

11. ( 5y2 11y + 3 ) + ( 3y2 + y + 14 )

12. ( 15z + 2 ) + (z2 3z 8)

13. ( 4a + 6b + 5c ) + ( a +3b 4c )

14. ( a2 3a 1 ) + ( 3a2 + 2a + 9 )

15. ( 3a2 2a + 1) + ( a2 + 3 )

16. ( 8x2 4x + 5 ) + ( 2x 4 )

17. ( 2a 6b + 4c ) + ( 3a 3b )

18. ( x2 2x + 3 ) + ( x3 + 3x 8 )

19. ( 5x2 7x + 3 ) + ( 7x2 6x + 5 )

20. (5a2 4b + 6 ) + ( 6b 7)

21. (a 3 2a 2 ) (3a 2 4a 3 )

22. (5 p 2 3) + (2 p 2 3 p 3 )

3
3
23) (4 + 2n ) + (5n + 2)

24) (4n 3n 3 ) (3n 3 + 4n)

25) (3a 2 + 1) (4 + 2a 2 )

26) (4r 3 + 3r 4 ) (r 4 5r 3 )

27) (5a + 4) (5a + 3)

4
4
28) (3x 3x) (3x 3x )

29) (4k 4 + 14 + 3k 2 ) + (3k 4 14k 2 8)

30) (3 6n 5 8n 4 ) (6n 4 3n 8n 5 )

31) (12a 5 6a 10a 3 ) (10a 2a 5 14a 4 )

32) (8n 3n 4 + 10n 2 ) (3n 2 + 11n 4 7)

33) (x 4 + 13x 5 + 6x 3 ) + (6x 3 + 5x 5 + 7x 4 )

34) (9r 3 + 5r 2 + 11r) + (2r 3 + 9r 8r 2 )

35) (13n 2 + 11n 2n 4 ) + (13n 2 3n 6n 4 )

36) (7x 5 + 14 2x) + (10x 4 + 7x + 5x 5 )

37) (3v 5 + 8v 3 10v 2 ) (12v 5 + 4v 3 + 14v 2 )

38) (8b 3 6 + 3b 4 ) (b 4 7b 3 3)

39) (k 4 3 3k 3 ) + (5k 4 + 6k 3 8k 5 )

40) (10k 2 + 7k + 6k 4 ) + (14 4k 4 14k)

41) (7n 2 + 8n 4) (11n + 2 14n 2 )

42) (14 p 4 + 11 p 2 9 p 5 ) (14 + 5 p 5 11 p 2 )

43) (8k + k 2 6) (10k + 7 2k 2 )

44) (9v 2 8u) + (2uv 2u 2 + v 2 ) + (v 2 + 4uv)

45) (4x 2 + 7x 3 y 2 ) (6x 2 7x 3 y 2 4x) (10x + 9x 2 )

46) (5u 3 v 4 + 9u) + (5u 3 v 4 8u + 8u 2 v 2 ) + (8u 4 v 2 + 8u 3 v 4 )

47) (9xy 3 9x 4 y 3 ) + (3xy 3 + 7 y 4 8x 4 y 4 ) + (3x 4 y3 + 2xy 3 )

48) ( y3 7x 4 y 4 ) + (10x 4 y 3 + 6 y 3 + 4x 4 y 4 ) ( x 4 y 3 + 6x 4 y 4 )

49) (7 13x 3 11x) (2x 3 + 8 4x 5 )

50) (13a 2 6a 5 2a) (10a 2 11a 5 + 9a)


(commutative property) (distribution
property)
.

.(2x2) (3x2 4x + 5) =

.(2x2 3) (2x3 3x2 + 4x) =

.
3

P(x) Q(x) = (3x4 + 5x3 2x + 3) (2x2 x + 3)

1) 6v(2v + 3)

2) 7(5v 8)

3) 2x(2x 3)

4) 4(v + 1)

5) (2n + 2)(6n + 1)

6) (4n + 1)(2n + 6)

7) (x 3)(6x 2)

8) (8 p 2)(6 p + 2)

9) (6 p + 8)(5 p 8)

10) (3m 1)(8m + 7)

11) (2a 1)(8a 5)

12) (5n + 6)(5n 5)

13) (4 p 1)2

14) (7x 6)(5x + 6)

15) (6n + 3)(6n 4)

16) (8n + 1)(6n 3)

17) (6k + 5)(5k + 5)

18) (3x 4)(4x + 3)

19) (4a + 2)(6a2 a + 2)

20) (7k 3)(k2 2k + 7)

21) (7r2 6r 6)(2r 4)

22) (n2 + 6n 4)(2n 4)

23) (6n2 6n 5)(7n2 + 6n 5)

24) (m 2 -7m- 6)(7m 2 - 3m- 7)

1)

2)

(6x + 3x)(-4xy )

(18x3z4 6xz2) 12x2z2

[(7x3y)(3xy2)] (15x6y5 5x2y2)

(8xz2 14xz2)(-11xy3 + 4xy3)

1 (3x + 7x)(6xy)

2 (12z 4z)(-2z2)

3 (-6xz2 4xz2) 5z

4 (-3x2y3 + 14x2y3) 11xy2

5 [(3xy)(6x)] 5x2y

6 [(4xz2)(-12x2z)] (-16x3z3)

7 [14xy3 (-7xy)] + 9y2

8 [-6x3y5 (-2xy4)] 13x2y

9 [(-6xz3)(2x2y)] (-4x2z3)

10 [18x3y4 (-2xy3)](-6xz5)

11 (6xy3 + 8xy3) [11xy3 (-4xy3)]

12 (4xz)(-2x2z4) + (-3x3z)(6z4)

13 (7xz4 + 12xz4)(-6xy2 + 8xy2)

14 (7x3y2 4x3y2) (2x2y + x2y)

15 (16x5z38xz) + [32x4yz2 (-11y)]

16 [(12y4z)(-12y)] + (32y6z4 8yz3)