TM HIU V CC HNH NG CA MS TRONG IDLE MODE

Mt my MS khi bt ngun m khng c cp pht knh ring th u c coi l ang ch ri (Idle Mode). Khi trong idle mode, c mt iu quan trng l mobile c th truy nhp vo mng cng nh c truy vn bi mng. NI DUNG: MS trong IDLE MODE: - La chn mng PLMN - La chn Cell - La chn li Cell - Location Update - Paging - MS o trong Idle Mode

PHN 1: LA CHN MNG PLMN

Hnh ng la chn mng PLMN xy ra khi: - MS bt ngun - MS tr li vng c sng. u tin la chn mng PLMN: - Mng PLMN gn nht m MS s dng - Nu khng tn ti mng PLMN gn nht, MS s la chn li mng PLMN khc theo 1 trong 2 ch : bng tay hay t ng. La chn mng t ng: Khi khng tn ti mng PLMN gn nht, MS s la chn mng PLMN c sn v c php truy cp theo th t u tin t 1 n 4 nh sau: 1. Home PLMN 2. Mng PLMN vi th t u tin c lu trong SIM 3. Cc mng PLMN khc c mc thu trn -85 dBm trong th t xp hng ngu nhin. 4. Tt c cc mng PLMN hp l c mc cng tn hiu gim dn. La chn mng bng tay:

1. MS s u tin la chn mng PLMN m MS ng k hoc mng Home PLMN khi khng tn ti mng PLMN ng k.
2.

Nu ng k vi mng PLMN trn khng thnh cng hoc ngi s dng khi pht vic la chn li mng PLMN, MS s ch cho ngi s dng nhng mng PLMN c sn. Khi ngi s dng chn mng PLMN no th MS khi pht th tc ng k vi mng PLMN . Nu ng k khng thnh cng th MS s thng bo ti ngi s dng la mng PLMS khc.

Roaming: 1. MS c th la chn 1 mng PLMN khc khi mng Home PLMN khng c sn v Roaming c cho php.
2.

MS s nh k c gng tr v mng Home PLMN . Sau khong thi gian T (t 6 pht n 8 gi vi bc nhy 6 pht) MS s c gng tr v mng Home PLMN hoc T ch ra rng khng c 1 c gng nh k no c thc hin, nu T c khai trong SIM. Nu T khng c khai trong SIM mt thi gian mc nh 30 s c s dng.

Cu hi 1. Khi MS bt ngun hoc tr li vng ph m mng PLMN trong ln s dng gn nht ca n v mng Home PLMN khc nhau th MS s c x th no? Khi MS bt ngun hoc tr li vng ph m mng PLMN trong ln s dng gn nht ca n v mng Home PLMN khc nhau -> Khi la chn mng, u tin MS vn chn mng PLMN trong ln s dng trc, ri sau s c gng chn li mng Home PLMN theo thi gian nh k T gi tr T ny do nh cung cp dch v quy nh. 2. Ti sao cn gi tr T? Gi tr T ny ln hay nh s tt hn? Qa trnh Roaming thc ra rt tn tin. Nu t gi tr T nh th qu trnh tr li mng Home PLMN s nhanh hn nhng rt tn pin in thoi v ngc li. 3. Lm sao cc thu bao roaming vo mng mnh nhiu nht? - C gng thc hin 1 tho thun gia 2 nh cung cp mng mng mnh c t mc u tin u tin trong SIM thu bao ca i tc. - C gng cng tn hiu mng mnh t >85dB lt vo th t xp hng ngu nhin. - Trn thc t th cc trm 900MHz c t l roaming t mng khc vo nhiu hn so vi cc trm 1800MHz.

4.

Khi MS tr li vng ph, lm sao n bit mng no l mng Viettel, Mobi hay Vina? u tin MS s qut cc tn s trong BA list la chn mng PLMN gn nht. (Khi MS qut cc tn s trong di 900MHZ v 1800MHz th c v MS qut di 900MHz trc). Nu khng c BA list th MS s phi qut ton di.
-

xc nh c l mng Viettel, Mobi hay Vina th MS cn gii m tham s MNC (Mobile Network Code) l m mng c truyn trn bn tin thng tin h thng s 3 trn knh BCCH (MNC ca Mobi l 01, Vina l 02 v Viettel l 04).
-

PHN 2: LA CHN CELL

1. Cell selection : Tm cell thch hp nht ca mng PLMN chn theo cc tiu ch khc nhau.
2.

Nu khng chn c cell thch hp trong tt c cc mng PLMN c sn c cho php MS s la chn 1 cell bt k s cho php ca mng PLMN. Khi MS i vo trng thi gii hn dch v v ch c th thc hin cuc gi khn cp.

3. C 2 cch la chn cell: -

La chn cell thng thng. La chn cell theo danh sch lu s dng BA list.

Cu hi:
1.

Khi la chn cell, lm sao MS nhn ra cm ng b FCCH: Mc ch vic la chn cell l MS tm c cm ng b FCCH, cm ng b pht mt dy bt ton 0, ngha l sng mang khng b iu ch, khng c bin thin v c lng dch tn nht nh (ch s dng dch tn dng, khng dng dch tn m) -> khi MS bt c cm c nhng c trng ny th n bit chnh xc l cm FCCH.

Thut ton la chn cell thng thng: La chn cell thng thng: c thc hin khi khng c sn danh sch BA list. MS s c gng la chn cell thch hp nht Camp on. Mt cell c xem l thch hp nu:

Thuc mng PLMN la chn. N khng chn (ch xy ra trong Idle mode) N khng thuc vng nh v nm trong danh sch cm Tiu chun la chn cell c tha mn.

Cu hi:
2. Cell th no th b chn?

Cell b chn khi nghn hoc thuc khu vc qun s (do nh cung cp dch v quy nh), khi MS khng th camp vo trong idle mode nhng MS trong ch dedicated c th thc hin handover sang n. Quy trnh la chn cell khi MS khng c thng tin v cc tn s trong mng s dng:
-

MS s search tt c cc knh RF trong di tn s m n h tr. Thc hin ly cc mu o cng tn hiu cc tn s thu c Tnh ton mc cng tn hiu thu trung bnh cho mi tn s (t nht 5 mu, mi mu o t 3-5s) Thc hin ng b vi sng mang c cng tn hiu mnh nht Xc nh xem y c phi l sng mang BCCH khng bng cch search burst hiu chnh tn s gi trn knh FCCH. Nu l sng mang BCCH th MS s chnh ti sng mang , c knh ng b SCH tm BSIC v BCCH tm cc bn tin thng tin h thng, v d BA list. Nu d liu c gii m thnh cng v cell thch hp, MS s camp on vo cell v thc hin cc th tc ng k cn thit. Nu MS tm c 1 cell l thuc mng PLMN chn nhng khng ph hp, MS s s dng BA list nhn c t cell v ri ch vic search cc sng mang BCCH c trong list. iu ny s tng tc cc th tc trong mt vi phm vi. BA list c xc nh bng tham s MBCCHNO. BA list c gi ti MS, trong idle mode, trong cc bn tin thng tin h thng trn BCCH. C ti 32 sng mang BCCH c th c xc nh bng cch ch r ARFCN ca n s dng tham s MBCCHNO. Ch rng serving cell s khng c trong BA list. Cc cell c th c 2 mc u tin, thng thng v thp. Cc cell ph hp l u tin thp v ch c camp on nu khng c cell ph hp no khc mc u tin bnh thng. Mc u tin ca mt cell c iu khin bi tham s CBQ lin kt vi tham s CB.

Nu BCCH ca mt cell c mc u tin thp c tm thy bi MS khi la chn cell, MS s lin tc search tm cell c u tin bnh thng. Nu khng tm c cell c mc u tin bnh thng th cell tt nht trong s cc cell c mc u tin thp s c chn. Cng cn phi ch rng nu CBQ t mc thp, cc cell b nghn (CB = Yes) c th c camp vo khi la chn hoc la chn li cell.

Cu hi:
3. Mng c bit u l Serving Cell ca MS?

Serving Cell l do MS t nhn, cn mng th khng bit l serving cell ca MS no. La chn cell trong BA list: -

MS c th lu cc tn s trong BA list gn nht n s dng khi n tt my. Thng tin ny c lu trong SIM. Sau , nu MS nhp mng, n s qut nhng tn s nm trong BA list tm cell thch hp. Nu la chn cell trong BA list khng thnh cng MS s la chn cell theo cch thng thng.

Thut ton:
-

Trong Idle mode, MS lin tc gim st thng s la chn cell C1 (C1 tiu chun da trn cng tn hiu, khng phi path loss): C1 = (received signal level - ACCMIN) - max(CCHPWR - P, 0) Vi ACCMIN: CCHPWR: P: Mc SS nh nht cn thit MS truy cp vo mng Cng sut pht ti MS c th truy cp mng. Cng sut pht ti a ca MS theo lp ca n (1)

Cu hi:
4. Ti sao phi s dng tham s C1?

Tiu chun C1 c s dng m bo cn bng vng ph ca ng uplink v ng downlink, tham s C1 s gii hn truy nhp vi cc MS nhn cng tn hiu cao cho lin lc ng downlink thnh cng, nhng li yu trn ng uplink. Nu trong trng hp ny, cell c l khng c thit k cho cc MS ca lp

Vi GSM 1900, phn th 2 ca phng trnh 1 lun bng 0. L do l ch cc mobile class 1 c s dng trong cc h thng GSM1900.
5. Ti sao phi s dng tham s CCHPWR?

Tham s CCHPWR l khc nhau vi mi di bng tn khc nhau: 900MHz l 33dB v 1800MHz l 30dB, mc ch chnh l cho ta bit mng c thit k cho loi MS no (thuc Class my) (Aircom GSM Overview / MS Power Classes). Thc t trong TKT, cn bng vng ph ch cn dng tham s ACCMIN.

PHN 3: LA CHN LI CELL

-

Sau khi la chn cell thnh cng, MS s lin tc o SS ca cell phc v v neighbour cell sn sng la chn li cell nu cn thit. C t nht 5 mu cng tn hiu SS c o cho mi cell, MS tnh ton mc SS trung bnh cho mi cell thu c trong BA list. Cc bn tin thng tin h thng trn BCCH phi c c t nht 1 ln trong 30s gim st d thay i tham s ca cell. Cc thng tin v tham s la chn li cell cho 6 sng mang mnh nht phi c nghe t nht 5 pht 1 ln, theo di cc thng s cn phc v vic tnh ton C1, C2. MS s gii m BSIC ca 6 sng mang mnh nht t nht 30s mt ln m bo rng n vn theo di cng 1 cell. Nu mt BSIC khc c d ra, n s c xem xt nh mt sng mang mi v d liu BCCH cho sng mang ny s c xc nh Gii m d liu BCCH v BSIC BSIC Serving cell Six neighbours at least every 30 s BCCH data at least every 30 s at least every 5 min

Cc tiu chun la chn li cell (GSM phase 2):

Thut ton la chn li cell bao gm 5 tiu chun khc nhau. Nu bt k tiu chun no trong tho mn th vic la chn li cell s xy ra. Qu trnh la chn li cell s dng tham s C2. Bt c khi no mt tiu chun la chn li cell c tho mn, MS pha 2 s chuyn sang cell c gi tr C2 ln nht. C2 c tnh ton nh sau:

T l thi gian, cn CRO, TO v PT l cc tham s CRO s dng khong b cho tham s la chn li cell C2. TO s dng khong b m tm thi vi C2 cho khong thi gian ca PT. iu ny ngn chn cc MS di chuyn nhanh la chn cell. Gi tr 31 ca tham s PT c dnh ring thay i du ca CRO. Trong trng hp ny, gi tr TO b b qua, nh trong phng trnh 3. T c bt u t 0 khi MS t cell ln cn trong list 6 sng mang mnh nht. T s reset v 0 bt c khi no cell khng cn trong list na. Cu hi:
1.

Tham s CRO lm g?

CRO l lng thng hay pht i vi cc MS di chuyn nhanh hay chm. CRO c mi quan h Cell Cell; TO c mi quan h Cell MS. Trong phng trnh (2) mc ch l m rng vng ph, cn phng trnh (3) l co vng ph. Nhng nu m rng vng ph khng phi theo bn cht m theo cng thc ton hc th s y nhiu MS vo vng thng ging mnh. Cn nu co vng ph th vng bin cng n nh hn so vi bin thng (bin vt l). Chnh v vy trong phng trnh (3) khng cn gi tr TO. MS lin tc tnh ton li gi tr C1 v C2 vi serving cell v cc cell ln cn khi mt o c mi c tin hnh. N s la chn li v camp vo cell khc nu bt k tiu chun no sau y c tho mn: Serving cell tr nn b chn MS truy cp vo mng khng thnh cng ht s ln cho php. (MAXRET)

MS pht hin li ng xung C1 ca serving cell xung di 0 qu 5s C2 ca cell neighbour ln hn C2 ca cell serving qu 5s -> cho thy c s xut hin ca cell tt hn (nhng nu khc LAI th tham s tr la chn li cell CRH c s dng).

Cu hi:
2.

Nn t tham s MAXRET nh th no?

Tham s MAXRET (hin ti mng Viettel t = 4): Nu t tham s ny ln th t l SD Congestion s tng ln rt mnh (c th tng gp 4 ln so vi s liu thc t). Cn nu t MAXRET nh th kh nng truy cp mng thnh cng ca MS b gim.
3.

Ti sao phi s dng tham s CRH?

Tham s CRH c s dng trnh vic Location Update nhiu trong vng bin ca cc LAC.

PHN 4: LOCATION UPDATE

Mng qun l tnh di ng ca MS n n v LA. Mng lu LAI m MS ang trong vng phc v . MS thng bo cho mng v tr qua LU. C 3 loi LU c bn:
-

Cp nht thng thng: quyt nh bi vic thay i LAI. Cp nht nh k: MS quyt nh LU nh k bi tham s T3212 c pht qung b Khi thay i gi tr T3212 th thi gian MS cp nht nh k l: (thi gian c ht hn) mod (T3212 mi)

IMSI attach/detach: MS c quyt nh c th tc ny khng bi tham s ATT Mng khng xc v tr ca MS sau khong thi gian: BTDM+GTDM

Gi tr T3212 t mc Cell cn BTDM + GTDM c t mc MSC.

Cu hi:
1.

Gi tr T3212 t ln hay nh c tc ng g n mng?

Nu t T3212 ln, khi MS detach khi mng hoc ngoi vng ph sng m mng khng bit, khi c cuc gi n mng vn phi tm gi MS -> tng ti paging khng cn thit. Nu t T3212 nh, th phi thc hin cp nht nh k nhiu -> tn ti nguyn mng. Biu hin trong cuc sng khi MS detach khi mng m c thng bo hoc khng thng bo vi mng?
2.

Khi MS detach khi mng m c thng bo cho mng bit n i vo trng thi inactive (tt ngun). Mt c c t VLR thng bo trng thi hin ti ca MS. Khi c cuc gi n th mng khng cn phi tm gi MS na m s thng bo ngay cho ngi gi bit Thu bao qu khch va gi hin khng lin lc c.... Khi MS detach khi mng m khng c bt k thng bo g cho mng (ngoi vng ph sng), th mng vn cho l MS ang active, khi c cuc gi n, vn tin hnh tm gi. Do ngi gi phi i 1 khong thi gian nht nh mi nhn c thng bo Thu bao qu khch va gi hin khng lin lc c...
3.

Nu t T3212 khc BTDM th s c hin tng g?

Thng thng hay t T3212 bng vi BTDM, nu t T3212 > BTDM th MS s bt ng b ri khi mng trc khi vic cp nht nh k c thc hin.

PHN 5: CU TRC KNH IU KHIN

SDCCH/8

SDCCH/4

Trong vic kt hp cc knh iu khin, c 2 kiu l Combined v Non-Combined. Khi ch c cc block CCCH l b thay i, ngha l s knh PCH b thay i nn kh nng paging ca mng cng b thay i. Trong ch Combined, c 4 SDCCH v ch c 2 SACCH, nh vy ch c 2 MS gi bn tin o c trn 2 knh SACCH trong cng mt a khung, cn 2 MS khc s gi bn tin o c trn 2 SACCH trong a khung tip theo (nh vy chu k ca knh SACCH s l 235ms x 2 = 470ms tng ng vi chu k ca 2 a khung).

Cu hi: 1. Ti sao phi dng Combined v Non-Combined?

Ti Paging ca mng ph thuc vo lu lng mc LAC. Trong qu kh, khi s thu bao cn t, lu lng mng cha nhiu, dng Combined, nh vy ch c 3 block cho AGCH v PCH. Nhng khi lu lng mng tng ln nhiu, phi dng Non-Combined tng block cho AGCH v PCH (ln n 9 block), v cu hnh ca cell trong trm l 1, 2, 3 hay l 4 th u chu ti paging nh nhau; khi cu hnh 1 s b nghn PCH trong khi cu hnh khc th li tha.

PHN 6: PAGING GROUP

Vic chia cc Paging group MS bit l n thuc nhm tm gi no v trong khong thi gian bao nhiu lu th n lng nghe tm gi trn Paging group ca n trong a khung 51 -> tit kim pin cho MS. C th paging bng s IMSI hoc TMSI. Nhng do IMSI i hi mc bo mt cao hn TMSI nn thng mng paging bng TMSI.
-

Paging loi 1: 2MS ng thi (2 IMSI) Paging loi 2: 3MS ng thi (IMSI + 2 TMSI) Paging loi 3: 4MS ng thi (4 TMSI)

Trong qu trnh paging:

-

Nu paging ln mt m c cp pht knh RACH -> paging thnh cng Paging ln 1 m cha c cp pht knh RACH, i trong khong thi gian T, paging ln 2 ... i ht thi gian T nu MS khng tr li -> paging tht bi.

Khi chia Paging Group: Nu PG nh th 1 PG s cha nhiu MS hn, nhng v mt nng lc paging ca mng th vn khng thay i. Nu t thi gian PG di: qu trnh paging rt mt thi gian -> ngi dng phi ch lu. Nu t thi gian PG ngn: phi paging lin tc -> MS rt tn pin.