THEVENIN'S AND NORTON'S THEOREMS

Ex. No: Date:

Aim: - To Verify Thevenin's and Norton's theorems. Apparatus:

S.NO 1 2 3

Apparatus Ammeter Voltmeter Circuit board

Range

Type

Quantity

Thevenin's theorem. Statement: - Thevenin's theorem states that in any two terminal, linear, bilateral network having a number of voltage, current sources and resistances can be replaced by a simple equivalent circuit consisting of a single voltage source in series with a resistance, where the value of the voltage source is equal to the open circuit voltage across the two terminals of the network, and the resistance is the equivalent resistance measured between the terminals with all energy sources replaced by their internal resistances. PROCEDURE: (a) To find Vth

1. Connect the circuit as per the practical circuit. (Fig. 1) 2. Measure Voc between A and B terminals. (b) To find Rth 1. Connect the circuit as per the practical circuit (Fig. 2) 2. Replace the voltage and current sources by open circuit and short circuit respectively and connect a voltage source and series with an ammeter between the terminals A&B 3. Note down the ammeter readings for different voltages. 4. Calculate Rth = V/I 5. Draw the thevenins equivalent circuit

Given Circuit Diagram:

Given Network
B

Theoretical calculations

Practical Circuit Diagram for Vth:

A
V

B Fig. (1)

Practical Circuit Diagram for Rth:

Voltage & current sources are to be replaced by open ckt and short ckt respectively
Fig (2)

V B

Tabular Column S.No. V (volts) I (mA) R=V/I k

Norton's theorem:

Statement: Norton's theorem States that in any two terminal, linear, bilateral network with current sources, voltage sources and resistances can be replaced by an equivalent circuit consisting of a current source in parallel with a resistance. The value of the current source is the short circuit current between the two terminals of the network and the resistance is the equivalent resistance measured between the terminals of the network with all the energy sources replaced by their internal resistances. Procedure: (a) To find IN 1. Connect the circuit as per the practical circuit. (Fig. 1) 2. Measure the current Isc (or) IN through 'AB' by short-circuiting the resistance between A and B. (b) To find Rth 1. Connect the circuit as per the practical circuit (Fig.2) 2. Replace the voltage and current sources by open circuit and short circuit respectively and connect a voltage source and series with an ammeter between the terminals A&B 3. Note down the ammeter readings for different voltages. 4. Calculate Rth = V/I 5. Draw Norton's equivalent circuit.

Given Circuit Diagram: A

Given Network
B

Theoretical Calculations

Given Network

B Fig (1)

Practical Circuit Diagram for Rth:

Voltage & current sources are to be replaced by open ckt and short ckt respectively
Fig(2)

V B

Tabular Column S.No. V (volts) I (mA) R=V/I k

Results:

Parameters Voc Isc RTH RN

Theoretical Values

Practical Values

Comments: