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aoqHk;olOD;a&rSm 36OD;xd jrifh
wufcJhaomaMumifh ,if;EkdifiH
onf ta&SUtv,fykdif;a'o
jyify tqkyd ga&m*gyk;d trsm;qH;k
ul;pufonfEh idk if jH zpfvmcJah Mumif;
od&onf/
Y.G.T
a&TYajymif;'kuonfrsm; ta&;ESif U pyfvsOf;

qEjyolrsm;u *smreD 0efBuD;csKyfukd
&mxl;rS qif;ay;&ef awmif;qkd
'&ufpf'ef atmufwkdbm 13
*smreDEidk if w
H iG f Ekid if t
H wGi;f
okdY tqrwef 0ifa&mufvm
onfh a&TUajymif;'kuonfrsm;
ta&;ukdifwG,frIESifh pyfvsOf;
qEjyolrsm;u 0efBuD;csKyf
tdef*sJvmrmu,fvfukd &mxl;rS
qif;ay;&ef awmif;qkcd ahJ Mumif;
od&onf/
a&TUajymif;olrsm; qefYusif
a&;ygwDwpfckjzpfonfh PEGIDA ygwDtBuD;tuJ wuf*sem
zufpwmvifEiS hf qEjyol axmif
aygif;rsm;pGmwdo
Yk nf atmufwdk
bm12&ufu EkdifiHta&SUykdif;&Sd
'&ufpf'efNrdKUwGifpka0; 0efBuD;
csKyf rmu,fvu
f dk &mxl;rS Ekwf
xGuaf y;&ef awmif;qkcd jhJ cif;jzpf
onf/
xkjYd yif tpd;k &taejzifh Ekid if H
twGif;odkY a&TUajymif;'kuonf
rsm; tqrwef 0ifa&mufrIukd
wm;qD;&ef vkyaf qmifEidk jf cif;r&Sd

[k qEjyolrsm;u pGypf aJG jymMum;
cJhNyD; 0efBuD;csKyf rmu,fvfukd
Oa&my&Sd tE&m,ft&Sq
d ;kH trsK;d
orD;tjzpftrnfwyfcMhJ uonf/
Oa&my\ pD;yGm;a&;tawmifh
wif;qHk; *smreDEkdifiHtwGif;okdY
,ckESpftwGif; a&TUajymif;'ku
onf wpfoef;cefY 0ifa&mufvm
zG,&f NdS y;D ,if;udp& yfEiS hf pyfvsO;f
tpdk;&\ ukdifwG,fajz&Sif;rI
rsm;tay: EkdifiHtwGif;&Sd a&TU
ajymif;'kuo
nfrsm;ukd qefu
Y sif
a&;tzGUJ rsm;u a'goxGuv
f suf
&Sdonf/
xkdYjyif 0efBuD;csKyfrmu,fvf
onf Ekid if \
H e,fpyfa'orsm;ukd
umuG,f&ef ysufuGufvsuf&Sd
onf[k PEGIDAygwD tBuD;
tuJ zufpwmvifu pGypf aJG jym
Mum;cJhaMumif; od&onf/
'rwfpuyf atmufwkdbm 13
qD;&D;,m;EkdifiH 'rwfpuyf
NrdKUawmf&Sd k&Sm;oHkH;ukd ,aeY
wGif armfwmjzifh ypfcwfwkduf
cJjh cif;jzpfNy;D oH;Hk rSm xdcu

dk yf suf
pD;rIr&SdcJhaMumif;? rsufjrifouf
aowpfOD;\ ajymMum;csuft&
ypfcwfvu
dk o
f nfAh ;kH oD;rsm;teuf
wpfv;kH rSm oH;Hk Nc0H if;twGi;f okYd
usa&mufcJhaomfvnf; oHkH;
taqmufttHu
k rdk l xdreS cf jhJ cif;
r&SdaMumif; od&onf/ (0JyHk)
tvm;wl AHk;oD;wpfvHk;rSm
oH;Hk twGi;f okYd usa&mufayguf
uGcJ ahJ omfvnf; oH;Hk trIxrf;
ckdufcHcJh&aMumif; od&onf/
wpfO;D wpfa,mufrQ 'Pf&m&&Scd hJ
tqkdyg wkdufckdufrIonfNrdKU jcif;r&Sad Mumif;? oH;Hk \ajymMum;
awmftwGif; k&Sm;axmufcHa&; csuu
f dk uk;d um; k&mS ;tifwm
qEjyyGrJ sm;usi;f yaepOf jzpfymG ; zufpo
f wif;at*sifpDu xkwf
topfwnfaqmufrnfU tar&dueftajcpkdufpcef;
pDrHudef;cGifUjyKrdefhukd tkduDem0gtkyfcsKyfa&;rSL;u kyfodrf;
wkdusKd atmufwkdbm 13
*syefEkdifiH tkduDem0gpD&ifpk
twGi;f topfwnfaqmufrnfh
tar&duef tajcpkdufpcef;pDrH
udef;cGifhjyKrdefYukd ,if;pD&ifpktkyf
csKyfa&;rSL;u ,aeYwGif jyef
vnf kyo
f rd ;f cJah Mumif; od&
onf/
pD&ifpktwGif; rnfonfh ppf
tajcpkdufpcef;ukdrQ xyfrHwnf
aqmufcGifhrjyK&ef rdrdtaejzifh
twwfEkdifqHk; BudK;yrf;wm;jrpf
oGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; tkduDem0g
tkyfcsKyfa&;rSL; wmau&SDtkdem
*gu ajymMum;cJhonf/
okaYd omf if;\ qH;k jzwfcsuf
ukd ajymif;vJypfEidk &f ef *syefA[kd
tpkd;&u BudK;yrf;vkyfaqmif
oGm;rnfjzpfNyD; tkduDem0guRef;
ay:wGif wnfaqmufrnfh tar
&duef tajcpku
d pf cef;pDru
H ed ;f ukd
&yfwefYypfvkdufjcif;onf *syef
ESifh tar&duefjynfaxmifpkwkdY
tMum; ppfpcef;ajymif;a&TUrnfh
tpDtpOfEiS hf pyfvsO;f oabm
xm;uGv
J rJG rI sm;jrifw
h ufco
hJ nf/
tkduDem0guRef;onf *syef
jynfrBuD;awmifbuf rkdif200
tuGm&Sd uRef;rsm;teufrS wpf
uRef;jzpfNyD; ,if;uRef;ay:&Sdvl
aexlxyf&ma'otwGif; vuf
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d nfaqmufxm;aom zlwef;
rm;tajcpku
d pf cef;ukd vlaexkid f
tpa&;EkdifiHwGif wkdufckdufrIrsm;jzpfyGm;
vloHk;OD;aoqHk;NyD; 21OD;'Pf&m&&Sd
a*s&kqvif atmufwkdbm 13
tp a &;Ek d i f i H wpf 0 ef ;
,aeYwGif "m;xkd;rIrsm;jzpfyGm;cJh
&m vloHk;OD;aoqHk;NyD; vl21OD;
'Pf&m&&SdcJhaMumif; ,if;EkdifiH
tmPmykdifrsm;u ajymMum;cJh
onf/
tqkyd g wku
d cf u
dk rf rI sm;onf
NrKd Uawmf a*sq
k vifEiS &fh memem
wkdYwGif jzpfyGm;cJhjcif;jzpfonf/
jzpfpOfrSm "m;ukdifaqmifxm;ol
wpfOD;ESifh ypwkdukdifaqmifxm;
olwpfOD;wkdYu a*skqvifNrdKU
tmrGe[
f meufZpfAt
f &yf&dS bwf
pum;wpfp;D ay:okYd wufa&muf
Ny;D ,mOfay:rSvrl sm;ukw
d u
dk cf u
dk f
cJ&h m ,if;jzpf&yftwGi;f vl16OD;

'Pf&m&&SdoGm;aMumif; &JwyfzGJU
u ajymMum;cJYonf/
,if;aemuftpa&;vHNk cKH a&;
wyfzGJUrsm;u tqkdygtMurf;
zuform;rsm;ukd ypfcwfwkduf
cku
d cf &hJ m if;wkEYd pS Of ;D teufrw
S pf
OD; aoqHk;cJhonf/ tvm;wl
tjcm; wkdufckdufrIwpfckwGif
armfawmf,mOfarmif; wpfOD;u
NrdKUawmftwGif;&Sd bwfpum;
*dwfwpfckukd 0ifwkdufNyD; aemuf
teD;&Sd rmcsv
D rf;rBu;D ay:rS awGU
orQ vlrsm;ukd "m;jzifh wku
d cf u
dk f
cJhaMumif; od&onf/ (,myHk)
,if;wku
d cf u
dk rf w
I iG f vlig;OD;
'Pf&m&&SdNyD;wkdufckdufolESifh pyf
vsO;f tao;pdwu
f w
dk m0ef&o
dS l
rsm;u xkwfjyefxm;jcif;r&Sd
aMumif;? xkdYjyif EkdifiHta&SUykdif;
&mememNrKd U&Sd bwfpum;*dww
f pf
0uf\t*F gtpdwftykdif;rsm;ukd vlom;rsm;

tpm;xkd;toHk;jyKEkdifrnfU vrf;pxGufay:
vef'ef atmufwkdbm 13
rsK;d k;d ADZjyKjyifajymif;vJxm;
onfh 0uf\ t*Fgtpdwftykdif;
rsm;ukd rMumrDtcsed w
f iG f vlom;
rsm; tpm;xk;d toH;k jyKEidk af wmh
rnfjzpfaMumif; okawoe ynm
&Sirf sm;\ avhvmcsut
f & od&
onf/
[m;Awfwuov
dk rf S okaw
oDrsm;onf 0ufrsm;\ t*Fg
tpdwftykdif;rS wpfI;rsm;ukd vl
Y.G.T emrsm;wGif tpm;xkd; toHk;jyK
ukoEkdifa&;twGuf q,fpkESpf
rsm;pGm avhvmcJhMuaomfvnf;
vlom;\ uk,
d cf t
H m;pepfaMumifh
vlom;rsm;wGif 0uf\t*Fgtpdwf
tykid ;f ukd tpm;xk;d ukorIjyKvyk f
Ekdif&ef tcuftcJESifhBuHKawGUcJh
&onf/ 0ufrsm;wGif ERVs
trnf&Sd Element rsm;yg0ifNyD;
if;wkdYonf vlom;rsm;\qJvf
rsm;ukd xdckdufapaomaMumifh
tpm;xkd;uko&mwGif t[efY
twm; jzpfay:apcJhonf/
okdYaomf ,cktcgygarmu
a*smch suEf iS hf taygif;tyg okaw
oDrsm;onf t[efYtwm;jzpf
aponfh tqkyd g Element rsm;ukd
z,f&mS ;Ekid o
f nfh enf;vrf;ukd &Sm
azGawGU&SdcJhNyD;aemuf ,if;enf;
vrf;ukd 0ufrsm;wGif prf;oyfcJh
&m vlom;rsm;\ uk,
d cf t
H m;pepf
twGi;f 0ifa&mufrnfh Element
trsK;d aygif; 62rsK;d cefu
Y dk z,f&mS ;
EkdifcJhonfukd awGUcJh&onf/
rsK;d k;d ADZjyKjyifxm;aom qJvf
jyefcJhonf/
okdYaomf tqkdygwkdufckdufrI
onf rnfonfh tzGJUtpnf;\
vufcsufjzpfaMumif;ukd qD;&D;
,m;tmPmykdifrsm;u xkwfjyef
cJjh cif;r&Sad o;aMumif;? k&mS ;Ekid if H
onf qD;&D;,m;orw tmqwf
\t"du r[mrdwfEkdifiHjzpfNyD;
k&Sm; wkdufav,mOfrsm;onf
qD;&D;,m;tpd;k &wyfrsm;ukd wku
d f
ckdufaeonfh taemufEkdifiHrsm;
\ taxmuftyHYcH olykefwyf
rsm;tay: t"duxm;wku
d cf u
dk f
vsu&f o
dS nf[k tar&dueftpd;k &
u tapmykid ;f wGif pGypf cJG aYJ Mumif;
od&onf/
Y.G.T
rIenf;yg;aom ae&mwpfckokdY
ajymif;a&TU&efppD Ofaejcif;jzpfonf/
tkduDem0g tkyfcsKyfa&;rSL;
tkdem*g\ qHk;jzwfcsufonf
w&m;r0ifaMumif;? tqkdyg ppf
tajcpku
d pf cef;wnfaqmufrnfh
tpDtpOfukd avmavmq,f
wGif &yfwefYxm;rnfjzpfaomf
vnf;pDrHudef;ukd wwfEkdiforQ
apmapmjyefvnf pwifEidk &f efvdk
tyfonfrsm;ukd ukdifwG,fvkyf
aqmifomG ;rnfjzpfaMumif; *syef
umuG,fa&;0efBuD;Xmeu wkHY
jyefajymMum;cJhaMumif; od&
Y.G.T
onf/
ckwGifvnf; vlwpfOD;u*dwf
twGif;rS vlrsm;ukd"m;jzifh wkduf
ckdufcJhaMumif;? okdYaomfteD;&Sdvl
rsm;u aemufqHk;wGif wkdufckduf
olukd xdef;csKyfEkdifcJhonf/
,if;jzpf&yfwiG f "m;jzifw
h u
dk f
ckdufolrSm 'Pf&m&&SdcJYaMumif;
tmPmykdifrsm;\ xkwfjyefcsuf
Y.G.T
t& od&onf/
rsm;onf "mwfccJG ef;twGi;f prf;

oyfcJh&m ausmufuyfukd xdckduf
Ekid af prnfh tvm;tvmrSm 1000
cefYavsmhenf;aeonfukd awGU&Sd
cJhMuonf/ xkdYaMumifh odyHynm
d nfh
&Sirf sm;onf ERVs yg0ifrrI &So
0ufrsm;ukd zefwD;Ekdif&efBudK;yrf;
vsuf&SdNyD; if;wkdY\ awGU&Sdcsuf
onf 0ufrsm;\ t*Fgrsm;ukd
emruse;f jzpfaeonfh vlom;rsm;
wGif tpm;xk;d Ekid rf nfh vrf;popf
wpf&yfukd zGifhvSpfay;cJhaMumif;
ygarmua*smch suu
f NAw
d ed Ef idk if H
&Sd owif;XmewpfokdY ajymMum;
cJhaMumif; od&onf/
Y.G.T
pmrsufESm 4
14-10-2015
]qD}taMumif; odaumif;p&m
uRefawmfwdkY aeYpOfpm;oHk;aewJh tm[m&"mwfrSm tNrJygwJh
tm[m&"mwfu qDjzpfygw,f/ Fat ac:tqDj'yfaygif;ygyJ/ Fat
vdkYac:wJhwd&pmefu&wJhtqD?[if;oD;[if;&Gufu&wJhtqDESpfrsKd;
vHk;[m atmufygzJGUpnf;yHk&Sdw,f/
O
|
CH2 O C R1
|
O
|
R2 C O CH
O
|
|
CH2 O C R3
CH2OH
3RCOOH
|
zufwD;tufppf&JU "mwkzGJUpnf;ykH
HOCH
|
CH2OH
glycerol tvSqD&JU "mwkzGJUpnf;ykH
txufazmfjyyg tpGr;f rJt

h qD xdik af tpdik ;f vf *vpfpa&mvf
rSm yg0ifwJh zufwD;tufppfawG taMumif;wifjyyghr,f/ oHk;rsKd;
&Sdw,f/
(1) Saturated Fatty Acid (SFA)= jynf0h zufw;D tufppf?ESpf
xyfpnf;rygbl;/ Oyrm-CH3 (CH2)14 COOHumAGef16ckygwJh
Palmitic ygrpfwpftufppf[m tkef;qDrSmygw,f/
aemufxyfygaeus jynh0f zufw;D tufppf- pwD&m&pftufppf
CH3(CH2)16 COOH umAGef 18ckygwJh tJ'jD ynf0
h zufw;D tufppf
awG[m wd& pmeftqD Muuf? bJ ta&cHaG wG? Edx
Yk u
G t
f pm;tpmawG
rSmygw,f/
(2) ESpfxyfpnf;wpfckygwJh rjynfh0qD-Monounsaturated
fatty acid (MUFA) qdkMuygpdkY/
CH3 - CH2 - CH2 -CH2 -CH2 -CH2 -CH2 -CH2 H
2
|
|
- C9 = C10 -CH2- CH2 -CH2-CH2 -CH2 CH2- CH2 -
HDL= High Density Lipoprotein

LDL,HDL qdNk y;D cJjG cm;Edi
k w
f ,f/ LDL [m tonf;uae udv
k uf
pxa&mudk wpfoQL;awGqDudk o,foGm;w,f/ LDL [m aoG; Essential Fatty acid(EFA) (r&SdrjzpfzufwD;tufppf)
ESpfxyfpnf;ESpfckeJY txufyg PUFA rjynfh0 zufwD;tufppf
aMumeH&HawGrSm udkvufpxa&m tenfusapvdkY (raumif;wJh
tqD) Bad ChlestedvdaYk c:w,f/ HDL uawmh wpfoQL;awGuae

udkvufpxa&mudk tonf;qDo,foGm;w,f/ 'gaMumifh aoG;
aMumawGrSm tenfrusyg/ aumif;wJhtqD Good Chlested vdkY
ac:ygw,f/
tqD\ ZD0"mwk udpvkyfaqmifcsufrsm;
(Biochemical Functions of fats )
"mwktrnf= (Triacyl glycerol)

xkdifatpdkif;vf *vpfpa&mvf
'Dj'yfaygif;udk Neutral fat- tpGrf;rJhzufvdkY ac:w,f/ 'Dj'yf
aygif;u tufpwmj'yfaygif;tjzpf(tvSq)D *vpfpa&mvf? t,fvf
udka[meJY zufwD;tufppf oHk;rsKd;aygif;xm;wm/ &v'fu tpGrf;rJh
tufpwm/
COOH
atmufyg t"dutcsufawGaMumifh oifpm;wJhtm[m&rSm

usef;rmapwJhtqDawG vdktyfw,f/
(1) tqD[m cEmudk,ftwGuf pGrf;tifu,fvdk&Dtrsm;qHk;
ay;wJh j'yfaygif;jzpfw,f/tqD 1*&rfacszsu&f if 9u,f
vdk&D&w,f/ (uqD"mwfeJYykdwdef;"mwf 1 *&rf acszsuf
&if4u,fvdk&D&w,f/)
(2) tqDpm;&if qDaysmfAdkufwmrifawGADEKudk tltwGif;
rS pkyf,lrIudk ulnDw,f/
(3) tqD[m tpm;tpmudk t&om&Sad pNy;D pm;vdNYk red af pw,f/
(gastric emptying time) tpmtdrfrS tpm;rsm;xGufrI
udk aES;apNyD; tpmtenf;i,feJY wif;wdrfrIudk&apvdkY
cEmudk,f]0}vmrIudk umuG,fw,f/
(4) usef;rmwJhqJvfrif;b&drf; eH&Htum wnfaqmufrIeJY
xde;f odr;f zdYk (ESpx
f yfpnf; ESpcf ?k oH;k ckyg&Sd rjynf0h zufw;D
tufppf)PUFA tqDawGvdktyfw,f/PUFA[m qJvf
eH&Hudk t&nf*kPfowd&SdaprIeJY eH&HrmroGm;bJ tm[m&
pkyf0ifrIudk vG,fulapw,f/
(5) oifhOD;aESmufrSm Graymalterac: OD;aESmufwpfoQL;
wnfaqmufrIeJY xdef;odrf;rIrSm PUFA tqDvdktyf
w,f/
(6) usef;rmwJhtqDawG[m oifhta&jym;udk tNrJusef;rm
apw,f/
(7) aumif;rGew
f hJ rsupf t
d Munf"mwf jyKvyk w
f meJY xde;f odr;f
wm/
(8) usef;rmwJh emhAfaMumtzJGUtpnf;udk xdef;odrf;wm/
(9) aoG;wd;k wm? aoG;cJwm? cEmud,
k af &mif&rf;wHjYk yefEikd w
f m
wdkYtwGuf PUFA tqD[m xdef;nday;w,f
TRANSFAT x&yfpfzuf
obm0twdkif; rlv[if;&GufqDrSm Cis ppfac: 2xyfpnf;
zJGUpnf;yHk&Sdw,f/
rlzm\ "mwkzJGUpnf;yHk
H H
rSwfcsuf/ / rlzm[m yJqDeJY oHvGifqDrSmygw,f/
|
|
ESpfxyfpnf;ESpfckygwJh rjynfh0zufwD;tufppf- Polyunsatu
C =C
rated fatty acid (PUFA) /
Cis &JU "mwkzGJUpnf;ykH
PUFA &JU Oyrmudk jy&r,fqdk&if viftdkvpftufppf Lin
Cis rSmH tufwrf[m ESpfxyfpnf;&JU wpfzufrSmyJ&Sdw,f/
Oleic Acid
[if
;&GufqD? pm;tkef;qDwdkYudk xyfumxyfumaMumf&if jyefaMumf
H
H
qDawGrSm Cis&JUESpfxyfpnf;zJGUpnf;yHk[m x&yfpfzufzJGUpnf;yHk
|
|
CH3 - CH2 - CH2 -CH2 -CH2 -C6
= C7 jzpfomG ;Ny;D H tufwrfwpfcpk [
D m ESpx
f yfpnf;&JU txufeaYJ tmuf
H
H
(wpf
z
uf
t
csuf
)
rS
m
&S
d
v
mw,f
/
|
|
C
- 8H2
C9
C10-[CH2]16-COOH
ESpx
f yfpnf;oH;k ckygwJh rjynf0h zufw;D tufppf- vif'v
kd eD pftufppf
CH3 - CH2
H
|
C9 =
H H
H
|
|
|
C3 =C4-CH2- C6=
H
|
C10 -[CH2]5-COOH
H
|
C7 - CH2
a,bk,stm;jzifh wd&pmeftqDrSm jynfh0zufwD;tufppf 90

&mcdik Ef eI ;f avmufyg&Sw
d ,f/ [if;oD;[if;&Guq
f rD mS rjynf0h zufw;D
tufppf (2xyfpnf;) 75? 80&mcdkifEIef;ygw,f/
zufac:tqD[m a&rSm raysmf0ifyg/ 'gaMumifh aoG;qJvf
rSmvJ raysmf0ifyg/ aoG;xJrSm aysmf0ifEdkifzdkY tqD[m ykdwdef;
eJYaygif;NyD; vdkifydk ydkwdef; (Lipoprotein) tjzpfeJYyJ aoG;vSnfh
ywfrIrSm wpfae&muae wpfae&mudk a&TUajymif;Edkifw,f/
tJ'v
D ikd yf kd ykw
d ed ;f awGukd odyo
f nf;qay: rlwnfNy;D VLDL,
ygarmu a'gufwmcspfarmif(ZD0"mwk)
H
|
C = C
|
H
x&rfpfzuf&JU "mwkzGJUpnf;ykH
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usyf
760
atmufwdef;(92) (wpfvDwm) usyf
750
atmufwdef;(95) (wpfvDwm) usyf
910
tdrfaqmufypnf;aps;EIef;rsm;
bdvyfajr
xdkif;qiftrSwfwHqdyf
usyf
7000
(wpftdwf)
jrefrmqiftrSwfwHqdyf
usyf
5000
(wpftdwf)
AAA trSwfwHqdyf
usyf
5400
(wpftdwf)
Apache trSwfwHqdyf
usyf
5700
(wpftdwf)
Crown trSwfwHqdyf
usyf
5100
(wpftdwf)
BuHhESpfaumiftrSwfwHqdyf
usyf
5300
(wpftdwf)
oHacsmif;
wpfrwfvHk; (wpfwef)
usyf
570000
ig;rl;vHk; (wpfwef)
usyf
470000
oHk;rl;^ajcmufrl;vHk; (wpfwef) usyf
485000
usyfvHk; (wpfwef)
usyf
470000
tdrfrdk;oGyf
(6?7?8)ay qdk'frsm; (wpfay) usyf
430
(9?10)ay qdk'frsm; (wpfay)
usyf
435
(11?12)ay qdk'frsm; (wpfay) usyf
440
(173)
EdkifiHjcm;aiG vJvS,fEIef;
tar&duefa':vm
pifumyla':vm
,ldk
,Grf
bwf
&if;*pf
pwmvifaygif
,ef;
1279
909
1446
198
36
299
1968
10'or6
^ 1286
^
925
^ 1470
^
202
^ 36'or3
^
307
^ 1973
^ 10'or8
usyf
usyf
usyf
usyf
usyf
usyf
usyf
usyf
(txufazmfjyyg aiGvJEIef;onf odrfjzLaiGvJaumifwmrS

aps;EIef;jzpfonf/)
(tcsdefESifhtrQ tajymif;tvJ&SdEdkifygonf/)
(333)
pmrsufESm 16
14 - 10 - 2015
pmrsufESm 17
'kwd,wyfrawmfumuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyf umuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyf( Munf;) 'kwd,AdkvfcsKyfrSL;BuD;pdk;0if; jrpfBuD;em;NrdKUe,f

ppfrIxrf;a[mif;rsm;ESiUawG
f UqkH? wyfrawmfaq;kHwGif wufa&mufukovsuf&Sdaom vlemrsm;tm; axmufyHhypnf;rsm;ay;tyf
udp&yfrsm;ESifhywfouf NrdKUe,f
ppfrIxrf;a[mif;Ou| OD;oef;0if;
u &Sif;vif;wifjyonf/
qufvufNy;D 'kw,
d wyfrawmf
umuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyf umuG,fa&;
OD;pD;csKy(f Munf;) 'kw,
d Adv
k cf sKyrf LS ;Bu;D
pd;k 0if;u ppfrx
I rf;a[mif;rsm;tae
jzifh &&Sx
d m;aomtpOftvmaumif;
rsm;udk qufvufxed ;f odr;f a&;udp
rsm;? ppfrx
I rf;rsm;ESihf rdom;pk0ifrsm;
\ use;f rma&;apmifah &Smufru
I pd r sm;?
roefprG ;f ppfrx
I rf;a[mif;rsm;twGuf
vdt
k yfaomtcuftcJrsm;udk yHyh ;kd
ay;rnfu
h pd r sm;tm; tao;pdwf
'kwd,wyfrawmfumuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyf umuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyf(Munf;) 'kwd,AdkvfcsKyfrSL;BuD;pdk;0if; jrpfBuD;em;NrdKY e,f ppfrIxrf;

a[mif;tzJGY0ifrsm;tm; awGYqkHtrSmpum;ajymMum;pOf/
'kw,
d wyfrawmfumuG,af &;
OD;pD;csKyf umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKy(f Munf;)
'kw,
d Adv
k cf sKyrf LS ;Bu;D pdk;0if;onf
ppfO;D pD;t&m&Scd sKy(f av) Adv
k rf LS ;csKyf
armifarmifausm?f ajrmufyikd ;f wdik ;f ppf

XmecsKyf wdik ;f rSL; Adv
k cf sKy0f if;Adv
k &f edS ?f
umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyf ;Hk (Munf;)rS
wyfrawmft&m&SBd u;D rsm; vdu
k yf g
vsuf ,aeYeeH uf 8 em&D 20 rdepf
wGif jrpfBu;D em;NrKd U? NrKd Ue,fppfrx

I rf;
a[mif;tzJGUkH;okdY a&muf&SdMu&m
wm0ef&Sdolrsm;u BudKqdkMuonf/
xdkYaemuf jrpfBuD;em;NrdKUe,f
ppfrIxrf;a[mif;tzJGU\ vkyfief;
'kwd,wyfrawmf
umuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyf
(Munf;)
'kwd,AdkvfcsKyfrSL;BuD;
pdk;0if;
jrpfBuD;em;NrdKY e,f
ppfrIxrf;a[mif;
tzGJY0ifrsm;twGuf
pm;aomufzG,f&mrsm;
ay;tyf&m
NrdKY e,fppfrIxrf;a[mif;
Ou|u
vufcH&,lpOf/
ajymMum;cJo
h nf/
awGUqkHyJGtNyD;wGif 'kwd,
wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyf um
uG,af &;OD;pD;csKy(f Munf;) 'kw,
d
Adv
k cf sKyrf LS ;Bu;D pk;d 0if;u ppfrx
I rf;
a[mif;rsm;\ vdt
k yfcsurf sm;tm;
ar;jref; aygif;pyfnEd idI ;f aqmif&u
G f
ay;Ny;D NrKd Ue,fppfrx
I rf;a[mif;&efyHk
aiGtwGuf tvSLaiG usyf 10 ode;f ?
a&TzOD ;D toifah zsmv
f ufzuf&nfEiS hf
pm;aomufz,
G &f mrsm;udk ay;tyf
&m NrKd Ue,fppfrx
I rf;a[mif;Ou|rS
vufc&H ,lonf/
if;aemuf 'kwd,wyfrawmf
owif;xkwfjyefa&;tzJGY u owif;xkwfjyef
jrpfBu;D em;NrKd U&Sd wyfrawmfaq;ko

H Ydk
a&muf&&dS m aq;kw
H yfrLS ;ESiw
hf m0ef&dS
olrsm;u BuKd qMkd uonf/
,if;aemuf 'kw,
d wyfrawmf
umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyf umuG,af &;
OD;pD;csKy(f Munf;)ESit
hf zJUG 0ifrsm;onf
aq;kw
H ufa&mufuo
k vsu&f adS om
t&m&S?d ppfonfrsm;\ wpfO;D csi;f
a&m*gtajctaersm;ESihf tcuftcJ
rsm;udk ar;jref;? ajz&Si;f ? tm;ay;
'kwd,wyfrawmfumuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyf umuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyf(Munf;) 'kwd,AdkvfcsKyfrSL;BuD;pdk;0if; rcsrf;abm&Sd e,fajrcHwyf&if;
pum;ajymMum;cJNh y;D axmufyahH iGEiS hf
pm;aomufz,
G &f mrsm; ay;tyfcJ h bk&ifUaemifcef;r awGYqkHyJGwufa&mufvmaom t&m&Sd? ppfonf? rdom;pkrsm;tm; &if;&if;ESD;ESD;vdkufvHEIwfqufpOf/
onf/
yJq
G ikd &f m odoif?h aqmif&u
G o
f ifh uG,af &;OD;pD;csKy(f Munf;) 'kw,
d
ylwmtdkwyfe,frS
tvm;wl 'kw,
d wyfrawmfum
h csurf sm;udk tao;pdwrf mS Adv
k cf sKyrf LS ;Bu;D pd;k 0if;u wyf&if;^wyf
qufvufNy;D 'kw,
d wyfrawmf onft
zJUG rsm;&Sd t&m&S?d ppfonf? rdom;pk
umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyf umuG,af &; Mum;onf/
awGUqkyH t
GJ crf;tem;okYd 'kw,
d rsm;twGuf oufomaxmufyyhH pn;f
d Adv
k cf sKyrf LS ;Bu;D
pdk;0if;onf rcsrf;abm&Sd e,fajrcH wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyf um rsm;? tm;upm;ypn;f rsm;ESihf rdcifEiS hf
d uav;&efyaHk iGtwGuf axmufyahH iG
wyf&if; bk&ifah emifcef;rvnf; uG,af &;OD;pD;csKy(f Munf;) 'kw,
k cf sKyrf LS ;Bu;D pd;k 0if;\ZeD; a':oef; rsm; ay;tyfco
hJ nf/
aumif;? rlvm&SD;'D&Sd e,fajrcH Adv
if;aemuf 'kwd,wyfrawmf
wyf&if;cef;rvnf;aumif;? ylwmtdk oef;EG,?f ajrmufyikd ;f wdik ;f ppfXmecsKyf
k cf sKy0f if;Adv
k &f edS ?f umuG,f umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyf umuG,af &;
wyfe,f AEKvcef;rvnf;aumif; wdik ;f rSL; Adv
d Adv
k cf sKyrf LS ;Bu;D
t&m&S?d ppfonf? rdom;pkrsm;tm; a&;OD;pD;csKyf ;Hk (Munf;)rS wyfrawmf OD;pD;csKy(f Munf;) 'kw,
hf zJUG 0ifrsm;onf t&m&S?d
toD;oD;awGUqk
H wyfwnfaqmuf t&m&SBd u;D rsm;? wyf&if;^wyfzUGJ rsm;rS pd;k 0if;ESit
a&;vkyif ef; 4 &yfqikd &f m aqmif&u
G f t&m&S?d ppfonf? rdom;pkrsm; wuf ppfonf? rdom;pkrsm;tm; &if;&if;ES;D
&rnft
h csurf sm;? aqmif&ef? a&Smif a&mufMuonf/
ES;D vdu
k v
f EH w
I q
f ufcahJ Mumif; owif;
&eftcsurf sm;? wyfwiG ;f wyfjyif pnf;
awGUqkyH t
GJ Ny;D wGif
'kw,
d &&So
d nf/
k;H a&;qdik &f mudp& yfrsm;? a&G;aumuf wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyf um

'kwd,wyfrawmf
(Munf;)
umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyf umuG,af &; uG,af &;OD;pD;csKyf umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyf
d Adv
k cf sKyrf LS ;Bu;D pd;k 0if; 'kwd,AdkvfcsKyfrSL;BuD;
OD;pD;csKy(f Munf;)ESit
hf zJUG 0ifrsm;onf (Munf;) 'kw,
'kwd,wyfrawmfumuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyf awGUqkyH o
hf zJUG 0if
GJ w
Ydk ufa&mufvmMuaom \ZeD; a':oef;oef;EG,Ef iS t
pdk;0if;
umuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyf(Munf;)
H ufa&mufuo
k
ppfrx
I rf;a[mif; tzJUG 0ifrsm;tm; rsm;onf aq;kw
rlvm&SD;'D&Sd
rdom;pk0ifrsm;\ e,fajrcHwyf&if;cef;r
&if;&if;ES;D ES;D vdu
k v
f EH w
I q
f ufco
hJ nf/ vsu&f adS om
'kwd,AdkvfcsKyfrSL;BuD;pdk;0if;
xdaYk emuf 'kw,
d wyfrawmf use;f rma&;tajctaersm; ar;jref;
jrpfBuD;em;NrdKY &Sd wyfrawmfaq;kHwGif
wyf&if;^wyfzJGYrsm;rS
umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyf umuG,af &; tm;ay;pum;ajymMum;cJhNyD;
aq;ukorIcH,laeaom
t&m&Sd? ppfonf?
G &f m
d Adv
k cf sKyrf LS ;Bu;D axmufyahH iGEiS hf pm;aomufz,
t&m&Sd? ppfonfrsm;udk axmufyHUaiGESifU pd;k 0if;ESit
rdom;pkrsm;twGuf
hf zJUG 0ifrsm;onf armfawmf rsm; ay;tyfcahJ Mumif; owif;&&Sd
pm;aomufzG,f&mrsm; ay;tyfpOf/ ,mOfrsm;jzifh qufvufxu
G cf mG Ny;D onf/
oufomaxmufyUH
ypnf;rsm;
awG a&&Snw
f nfwEhH ikd rf ,feh nf;vrf;awGukd &SmazGwnfaqmufNy;D Edik if H
wpfEdkifiHeJYwpfEdkifiH rwluGJjym;wmudk awG Y&ygw,f/
pifumylEdkifiHrS
ay;tyfpOf/
EdkifiHwpfEdkifiH[m pD;yGm;a&;t& rnfrQyifatmifjrifaeapumrl wGi;f u SME awGukd vkyif ef;cGit
f opfawG zefw;D ay;Edik rf ,ft
h cGit
hf a&;
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H kd wpfBurd x
f ufru OyrmjyKaqG;aEG;cJMh uwJh Edik if w
H um
todik ;f t0dik ;f [m tckq&kd if pifumylbufukd vSnahf jymif;a0zefo;kH oyf
aewmudk awGU&ygw,f/
urmhtiftm;BuD;EdkifiHr[kwfovdk urmhajryHkay:rSmvJ tpuf
tajymufomomyJ&SdwJh pifumyluRef;EdkifiHav;[m tjynfjynfqdkif&m
a&vrf;ukeo
f ,
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f csmuswhJ qdyu
f rf;Edik if jH zpfaeavawmh
xkwu
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f ek w
f pfpw
kH pf&mr&Sb
d u
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vJ0ifaewJh atmifjrifxGef;um;aewJh EdkifiHi,fav;jzpfygw,f/ 'gayrJh
pifumylvJ AECtwGuf toifjh yifqifae&Ny;D Edik if w
H iG ;f u SME awG
udk Edik if w
H umt&nftaoG;&Sv
d matmifjri w
hf ifzYkd ta&;wBu;D vdt
k yfae
w,fvYkd ukeo
f ,
G af &;eJpY ufrv
I yk if ef;0efBu;D u ,refaeYuyJ xyfavmif;
ajymMum;cJhygw,f/
SME qdw
k m Small and Medium-sized Enterprises yg/ tao;
pm;ESifh tvwfpm;vkyfief;rsm;vdkY t"dym,f&ygw,f/ ukrPD? Hk;tp&Sd
wJhvkyfief;awGrSm &Sdoifh&SdxdkufwJh0efxrf;tiftm;xuf enf;yg;ae&if
SME vdo
Yk wfrw
S yf gw,f/ Oyrm tm&Swu
dk &f UJ pHcsed pf
H eT ;f t& 0efxrf;
tiftm; 250 atmuf&&dS if tvwfpm;vkyif ef;vdo
Yk wfrw
S Nf y;D 0efxrf;
tiftm; 50 atmuf&&dS if tao;pm;vkyif ef;vdo
Yk wfrw
S yf gw,f/ 0efxrf;
tiftm; 10 OD;atmufq&kd ifawmh rdu
k cf dt
k qifv
h yk if ef;vdYk owfrw
S yf g
w,f/ 'gayrJh wpfEikd if eH YJ wpfEikd if H taetxm;rwlwt
hJ wGuf tvwfpm;?
tao;pm;eJY rdu
k cf dt
k qifv
h yk if ef;awGrmS vlO;D a&owfrw
S yf ckH si;f uvJ
SME awG&SdaeOD;rSmyJjzpfNyD; SME awG&JU pkpkaygif;vltiftm;[m ydkNyD;

omaeqJjzpfO;D r,fqw
kd mudk owdxm;rdwphJ ifumyl[m Edik if aH wmftqifh
pD;yGm;ul;oef;vkyif ef;awGut
kd qifjh ri w
hf ifaeovdk SME awGuv
kd J Edik if H
wumtqifh t&nftaoG;&SdwJh? 0efaqmifrIay;EdkifwJhtxd t&nf
taoG;jrifhwifay;EdkifrSom AEC vkyfief;awG pwifvnfywfwJhtcg
toifh&Sdaer,fvdkY ,HkMunfaqmif&Gufaewmjzpfygw,f/
pifumylEdkifiH zGH hNzdK;wdk;wufa&;twGuf jynfwGif; SMEtiftm;pk
u tjynfjynfqikd &f mukeo
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f ckd &hJ mrSmvJ
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KK
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aMumif; od&onf/
(180)
zefvkHtdrf"mwfaiGUavQmcU say;rnfUyrmPudk
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KK
&Sdonf/
pmrsufESm 22
14-10-2015
a&TqHEG,fq&mawmf "r"& t&Sif0g,rmeE Magadha University

Buddhist Department rS csD;jrifUonfU Ph.Da'gufwmbGJU&&Sd
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0g,rmeEonf tdEd,EdkifiH
AD[mjynfe,f&Sd
Magadha
Nibbana trnf&Sd usrf;pmudk NrdKUrS
wifoGif;um atmufwdkbm 8
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csD;jrifhonfh Ph.D a'gufwm
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University Buddhist Depart- &Sdrnf[k od&onf/
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avhvmoifMum;cJh&m ,ckESpf versity Buddhist Departhf nfh Ph.DbGUJ &&Sd
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of Practices to Attaining jcif;txdr;f trSwt
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t&Si0f g,rmeEonf omoem
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aMumif; od&onf/
(173)
rsm;wufa&mufMuonf/
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