ANEXA 2

CEREALE -3$57,&8/$5,7

,%,2/2*,&(

&UHWHUHD P ULUHD VWDELO  L LUHYHUVLELO  D FRUSXOXL SODQWHL vQ YROXP L JUHXWDWH L

GH]YROWDUHD WRWDOLWDWHD SURFHVHORU FH GXF OD IUXFWLILFDUH FHUHDOHORU VH GHVI RDU  SH ID]H GH
YHJHWD LHFDUHVHJUXSHD] vQGRX HWDSH

-YHJHWDWLY
-JHQHUDWLY

FXID]HOH JHUPLQD LD

-vQU G FLQDUHD
-vQIU LUHD
FXID]HOH-formarea paiului
-DSDUL LDLQIORUHVFHQ HL
-nflorire-fecundare
-IRUPDUHDLFRDFHUHDERDEHORU

2.1.GerminareaILJLHPEULRQXOVHPLQ HLG QDWHUHODRQRX SODQW vQSUH]HQ D

-apei: boabele absorb 30-60% din greutatea lor
-F OGXULLWHPSHUDWXUDPLQLP 
- 1-3o&ODJUkXVHFDU RU]RY ]
- 8-10oC la porumb
- 11-13o&ODRUH]LVRUJ
-aerului
2.2.QIU LUHD-vQVXLUHDGHDIRUPDGLQQRGXULOHVXEWHUDQHDOHWXOSLQLLQRLO VWDULIUD L
1RGXOGHvQIU

LUH

QRGXULOHVXEWHUDQHDOHWXOSLQLLFDUHVXQWIRDUWHDSURSLDWH

&DSDFLWDWHD GH vQIU

LUH

 QXP UXO GH IUD L OD R SODQW  vQ IXQF LH GH VSHFLH VRL L FRQGL LLOH

GH YHJHWD LH $VWIHOOD FHUHDOHOH GH WRDPQ  RUGLQHD GHVFUHVFkQG  D FDSDFLW

LL GH vQIU

LUH HVWH

VHFDU RU]JUkXLDUODFHOHGHSULP YDU RUH]RU]RDLF RU]RY ]VRLXULOHFXFDSDFLWDWHGHvQIU

LUH

PDL PLF  VH VHDP Q  PDL GHV vQ ]RQHOH XPHGH VH IRUPHD]    IUD L LDU vQ ]RQHOH VHFHWRDVH 

-2;

WHPSHUDWXUD RSWLP  GH vQIU

LUH HVWH GH 

-12o & PDL VXQW QHFHVDUH OXPLQ

 VXILFLHQW  IHUWLOL]DUH

HFKLOLEUDW XPLGLWDWHLGHQVLWDWHRSWLP 
3HQWUXSURGXF LHLQWHUHVHD] vQIU

LUHDSURGXFWLY GHRDUHFHPDLPXO LIUD LQXURGHVF

2.3.Formarea paiului  vQFHSH GLQ ID]D GH vQIU LUH GDU OD FHUHDOHOH GH WRDPQ  DUH ORF SULP YDUD
(14o&SULQFUHWHUHDILHF UXLLQWHUQRGFUHWHUHDLQWHUFDODU 
Stadiul de vernalizare = 30-GH]LOHFXWHPSHUDWXULVF ]XWH-5o&vQSHULRDGDGHWRDPQ 
LvQFHSXWXOLHUQLL

2.4.$SDUL LD LQIORUHVFHQ HLLQIORUHVFHQ DVHGH]YROW SHP VXUDDOXQJLULLSDLXOXL LHVWH SURWHMDW GH
teaca ultimei frunze (faza dH EXUGXI&kQG LQIORUHFHQ D vQFHSH V  LDV  GLQ EXUGXI FHUHDOHOH VXQW OD
nspicare.
QIORULUHD

GHVFKLGHUHDSDOHHORULDSDUL LDODH[WHULRUDVWDPLQHORU

QIORUHFHQ D VSLFJUkVHFDU RU]SRUXPEWLXOHWHOH

-SDQLFXORY

]RUH]SRUXPEPR XOLVRUJ

Polenizarea: -DXWRJDP ODJUkXRU]RUH]RY

-DORJDP ODSRUXPEVHFDU 
2.5.)RUPDUHDLFRDFHUHDERDEHORU(24-45 zile)

]VRUJ

Fazele coacerii -PDWXULWDWHDYHUGHvQODSWH ERDEHYHU]LFXDS 

-PDWXULWDWHD JDOEHQ vQ SkUJ  VDX FHDUD ERDEH WDUL GH FRVLVWHQ D FHULL
FXDS 

-maturitDWHDGHSOLQ

ERDEHvQW ULWHFX DS 

&XQRDWHUHDID]HORUGHFRDFHUHDMXW ODVWDELOLUHDPRPHQWXOXLRSWLPGHUHFROWDUH