2555

______________________________
(. . )

______________________________
(. . )
()

______________________________
(. . )

______________________________
(. .. . )

:
(AN EXAMINATION OF FAILURE OF RIGID
PAVEMENTS AND REMEDY APPROACHES IN THE SURANAREE UNIVERSITY
OF TECHNOLOGY) : .
5
1 1 2
3 2 3





:
2:
Epoxy Stitching Epoxy Injection
3: Epoxy
Stitching Epoxy Injection

2555

WICHAK SRISOMPHAN : AN EXAMINATION OF FAILURE OF RIGID

PAVEMENTS AND REMEDY APPROACHES IN THE SURANAREE
UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY. ADVISOR : PROF. SUKSUN
HORPIBULSUK, Ph.D., P.E.

The damage of five rigid pavements in the Suranaree University of

Technology was examined in this research. The rigid pavements are Withyawithi 1
road to Sikkhawithi 1 road, Sikkhawithi 2 road, Sikkhawithi 3 road, Withyawithi 2
road and Withyawithi 3 road. The damage patterns were the same for the five roads,
which consist of the joint seal damage of transverse joints, the longitudinal crack, the
lane or shoulder drop-off, the spalling of transverse and longitudinal joint/crack, and
the transverse and diagonal crack. The damage was caused by the decadence of the
joint seal, allowing water seepage, and hence the occurrence of the aperture under the
rigid pavements and the pavement damage during the vehicle passes. Three remedy
approaches were proposed: concrete patching, sub-sealing (base improvement) by
polyurethane injection and pavement repair by stitching and epoxy injection, and subsealing by cement paste and pavement repair by stitching and epoxy injection. The
selection of the remedy approaches is dependent upon the level of damage. The
second approach is suitable for the road pavements, which have large differential
settlement and require the level lift. This strength and durability of the pavement
repaired by this approach was proved the leveling and compression during the pass of
concrete truck. The leveling measurement showed that level of the remedied road
pavements were insignificantly changed for the last three year service. Moreover, the
compressions in the remedied road pavement portions were significantly lower than
those in the damaged road pavement portions. These two measurement data confirm
the strength and durability of the remedied road pavements by the second approach.

School of Civil Engineering

Students signature

Academic Year 2012

Advisors signature

.



.

1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
3
3.1
3.1.1
3.1.2

3.1.3
3.1.4

1
1
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
5
9
10
12
17
17
17
18
19
19

3.1.5
3.1.6
3.2
4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5 .
5

19
20
20
21
21
28
30
38
41
48
50
51
56
61
65

2.1 (Repair of Joint Sealing)

2.2 (Sealing Crack)
2.3 (Concrete Patching)
2.4
4.1
4.2 1 1
4.3 2 1
4.4 3
4.5 2 1, 2
4.6 3 1-6

7
8
8
13
32
39
39
40
40
41

2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5 30-60 . 1.25 - 2.50
2.6 (Sub Sealing)
2.7
2.8 ..2552
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
4.1 1 1
4.2 2
4.3 3
4.4 2
4.5 3
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
4.10
4.11
4.12 (Polyurethane System)
4.13
4.14

3
4
10
10
11
11
12
16
18
18
19
19
20
23
24
25
26
27
28
28
29
29
30
30
33
34
34

4.15 100 kg/m3

4.16 (Sub Sealing)
4.17 Epoxy Injection
4.18 Epoxy Injection
4.19 ..2552
4.20 1 (SKR1.1, SKR1.2)
4.21 2 (SKR2)
4.22 2 (WTR2)
4.23 3 (WTR3)
4.24
4.25
4.26

35
36
38
38
42
43
44
44
45
46
47
47

1.1
(Rigid pavement)

1.

2.
3.
19 (..
2536 2552)


(
)

1.2
1.
2.

3.

1.3





5

1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 2
5. 3
1.4
1.
2.

3.

2.1


.. 2533 2 , 4 4
(Concrete Pavement) (Asphaltic
Concrete Pavement)
()

2.2
Profile (Soil-Aggregate)

( 2.1)
0.10 .

2.1
(:)
2.3
2.3.1

4
- (Concrete)
- (Sub base)
- (Sub grade)
-
2.3.2
30-40

10-15

(Crack) (Joint) 2.2

2.2
2.3.3
.


( 2)

2.3.4

2.4 (: . 2549
(Road Maintenance Manual) 1-70.
(.)
.

. 2

2.4.1 ( :
()
1. (Blowup or Buckling)



2. (Corner Breaks)

3. (Divided Slab)

4. (Durability (D) Cracking)

5. (Faulting)

6. (Joint Seal Damage)

7. (Linear Cracking)

8. (Patching)

9. (Polished Aggregate)


10. Pumping




11. (Scaling)
Cement mortar
Cement Paste

12. (Shrinkage Cracks)

(Hairline)

13. (Spalling)

2.4.2 (Maintenance)
1. (Repair of Joint Sealing)

( 2.1)
1)
2)
3)
2.1 (Repair of Joint Sealing)

Joint Sealing
/

1.
1
2.
1
3.
1

1.
1
2.
1

1 200-300
2. (Sealing Crack)

( 2.2)
1)
2) Epoxy Resin
2.2 (Sealing Crack)

Joint Sealing
/
1.
1
2.
1

1.
1
2. Epoxy Resin 1

1 300-400
3. (Concrete Patching)


( 2.3)
1)
2) .
3)
4)
5) .
2.3 (Concrete Patching)

(, , , )
/

1
1.
1
2.
1

2.3 ()

(, , , )
3.
1
4.
1
5.
1

1.
3
2.
3
3.
1
1 20-25

2.5 (Kam Crack Breaks, Blowup or

Buckling and Divided Slab Concrete)


(Tensile Stress)
(Flexural Strength)

(Crack)
(Joint)

Site

Pumping Action (Subbase)
( 2.3)

10

2.3
( : 2542 37-44.)
2.6 (Sub Sealing) :
2549 64-69.

Pumping Action
Slurry Cement Mortar ( + )

1. ( 2.4)

2.4

11

2. 30-60 . (1.25 - 2.50 )

( 2.5)

2.5 30-60 . 1.25 - 2.50

3. (Sub Sealing)
( 2.6)

2.6 (Sub Sealing)

4.

( 2.7)

12

2.7
(: (Road Maintenance Manual)
2.7 (Polyurethane System)
: Uretek Company Profile. 2554 []. :http://www.uretekworldwide.com


1. 1
2 210 2
2. 2
1 180 2
3. 3
1 60
2
4. 2
1 280 2
5. 3
2 160.20 2

890.20 2

2.7.1
1.
Bench Mark 5

2. 1.5
0.75

13

3.






4.
(Expanding Rubber Packer)

5.
1) 650
(4.48 45.70
44.82 Bar)

2.4
2.4
()
60 100
100 150

1-3 1-3
2-4 2-4

2)

1.
2.

14

3. 20

4.
3)

( 5.2.2 5.2.3

6.
Non-shrink Cement Grout
50
7.

2.7.2

1. (Coring Machine)

5-20 (0.2-0.79 )

2. (Injection Machine)

1)

2) (Pump)
800 (5.52

15

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.
9.

56.25 55.16 Bar)

10
3)


(Expanding Rubber Packer)

300

(Air Compressor)
800
(116.03 8.16 8.00
Bar.)
(Generator)

800

0.01

1)
2) Staff

16

3)
4)
2.7.3

( 2.8)

2.8 ..2552

17

Epoxy

3

3.1
5

1 1

3.1.1 (Elevation)

19 (.. 2552)
(.. 2536) 3.1

18

.. 2552

.. 2552 2555

3.1
3.1.2

3.2 3.3

3.2

19

3.3
3.1.3

3.1.4
3.1.3
.. 2555
3.1.5

Dial Gauge 3.4
5 25

3.4

20

3.1.6 (Conclusions)

3.2 (Surveying Equipment) ( 3.5)

3.2.1 (Level)
3.2.2 (Staff)
3.2.3 (Stan)
3.2.4 (Measuring Tape)
3.2.5 (Spa Color)
3.2.6 (Dial grudge)

3.5

21

5 1
1 2 3 2 3
5 4 2536
1/2536 19
( .. 2552)




4.1
1 1
6 1,020
2 2 2
1 6 420 2 2
3 2
6 428 2 2
2 1 2
6 385.40 2 2 3
6
435 2 2 4.1 4.5
.. 2552 (..
2536) ( 10 )
1 1 40 100, 360 380 870 890,

22

2 0 60, 3 100 160, 2

150 200, 3 230 280

112
WITHYAWITHI 1 ROAD

SIKKHAWITHI 1 ROAD

104

Start

Remeady, SKR 1.1

100
96

Remeady, SKR 1.2

End of construction

End

Arter (2009)
B.M. 100.000 m

92
0

100

200

300

400

500

600
700
Distance (m)

102

800

900

1000

1200

WITHYAWITHI 1 ROAD
103
Elevation (m)

101
Elevation (m)

1100

104
WITHYAWITHI 1 ROAD

Start

100

Distance, 0 - 100 m
End of construction
After (2009)

99

20

40

Distance, 100 - 200 m

End of construction
After (2009)

102

101
B.M. 100.000 m

B.M. 100.000 m

98
60

80

100
100

100

120

Distance (m)

180

200

WITHYAWITHI 1 ROAD

106

107
Elevation (m)

Distance, 200 - 300 m

End of construction
After (2009)

104

106

105

103
B.M. 100.000 m

102
200

160

108
WITHYAWITHI 1 ROAD

105

140

Distance (m)

107

Elevation (m)

Elevation (m)

108

220

240

260

Distance (m)

280

300

104
300

Distance, 300 - 425 m

End of construction
After (2009)

325

B.M. 100.000 m

350
Distance (m)

375

400

1300

23

104

107

SIKKHAWITHI 1 ROAD

WITHYAWITHI 1 ROAD
103
Elevation (m)

Elevation (m)

106

105

104

103
400

Distance, 400 - 500 m

End of construction
After (2009)

425

102

101
B.M. 100.000 m

450

475

100
500

500

Distance, 500 - 600 m

End of construction
After (2009)

520

B.M. 100.000 m

540

560

580

600

Distance (m)

Distance (m)
102

99
SIKKHAWITHI 1 ROAD

SIKKHAWITHI 1 ROAD
Remeady, SKR 1.1

98
Elevation (m)

Elevation (m)

101

100

99

98
600

Distance, 600 - 700 m

End of construction
After (2009)

620

97

96
B.M. 100.000 m

640

660

680

95
700

700

Distance, 700 - 800 m

End of construction
After (2009)

720

Distance (m)

780

800

SIKKHAWITHI 1 ROAD
93
Elevation (m)

95
Elevation (m)

760

94
SIKKHAWITHI 1 ROAD

94

92
800

740

Distance (m)

96

93

B.M. 100.000 m

Distance, 800 - 900 m

End of construction
After (2009)

820

840

Remeady, SKR 1.2

End

92

91
B.M. 100.000 m

860

880

900

90
900

Distance, 900 - 1000 m

End of construction
After (2009)

925

Distance (m)

4.1 1 1

B.M. 100.000 m

950
Distance (m)

975

1000

24

112
SIKKHAWITHI 2 ROAD
End of construction
After (2009)
End
Remeady, SKT 2

104

100
Start

B.M. 100.000 m

96
0

50

100

150

200

250
300
Distance (m)

103

350

400

450

500

107
SIKKHAWITHI 2 ROAD

SIKKHAWITHI 2 ROAD
106

Distance, 0 - 100 m
End of construction
After (2009)

Elevation (m)

Elevation (m)

102

101
Start

105
104

Distance, 100 - 200 m

End of construction
After (2009)

103

100
102
B.M. 100.000 m

B.M. 100.000 m

99
0

20

40

60

80

101
100

100

120

Distance (m)

140

200

SIKKHAWITHI 2 ROAD
109
Elevation (m)

107

106

104
200

180

110
SIKKHAWITHI 2 ROAD

105

160

Distance (m)

108

Elevation (m)

Elevation (m)

108

Distance, 200 - 300 m

End of construction
After (2009)

220

240

260

Remeady, SKT 2

107
B.M. 100.000 m

280

300

End

108

106
300

Distance, 300 - 425 m

End of construction
After (2009)

325

Distance (m)

4.2 2

350

B.M. 100.000 m

375

Distance (m)

400

425

25

104

End of construction

103

After (2009)

SIKKHAWITHI 3 ROAD

102

End

101
100
Start

99

B.M. 100.000 m

98
97
0

50

100

150

200

250
300
Distance (m)

102

350

450

500

SIKKHAWITHI 3 ROAD
103
Elevation (m)

101
Elevation (m)

400

104
SIKKHAWITHI 3 ROAD

Start

100

Distance, 0 - 100 m
End of construction
After (2009)

99

20

40

Distance, 100 - 200 m

End of construction
After (2009)

102

101
B.M. 100.000 m

B.M. 100.000 m

98
60

80

100
100

100

120

Distance (m)

140

200

SIKKHAWITHI 3 ROAD
102
Elevation (m)

103

102

100
200

180

103
SIKKHAWITHI 3 ROAD

101

160

Distance (m)

104

Elevation (m)

Elevation (m)

105

Distance, 200 - 300 m

End of construction
After (2009)

220

240

100
B.M. 100.000 m

260

280

300

End

101

99
300

Distance, 300 - 400 m

End of construction
After (2009)

320

Distance (m)

340

B.M. 100.000 m

360

Distance (m)

4.3 3

380

400

26
101
WITHYAWITHI 2 ROAD

Start

Remeady, WTR 2

99

End

98

End of construction
After (2009)

B.M. 100.000 m

97
0

50

100

150

200

250
300
Distance (m)

101

350

400

450

500

101
WITHYAWITHI 2 ROAD

WITHYAWITHI 2 ROAD

Start

100
Elevation (m)

Elevation (m)

100

99

Distance, 0 - 100 m
End of construction
After (2009)

98

20

40

99

98
B.M. 100.000 m

97
60

80

97
100

100

Distance, 100 - 200 m

End of construction
After (2009)

120

Distance (m)

140

160

200

WITHYAWITHI 2 ROAD
100
Elevation (m)

Distance, 200 - 300 m

End of construction
After (2009)
Remeady, WTR 2

99

98

Distance, 300 - 425 m

End of construction
After (2009)

99

End

98
B.M. 100.000 m

97
200

180

101
WITHYAWITHI 2 ROAD

100

B.M. 100.000 m

Distance (m)

101

Elevation (m)

Elevation (m)

100

220

240

260

280

300

B.M. 100.000 m

97
300

325

Distance (m)

350

375

Distance (m)

4.4 2

400

425

27

101

Start

WITHYAWITHI 3 ROAD

100

98
97

Remeady, WTR 3

96

End

End of construction

95

After (2009)

B.M. 100.000 m

94
0

50

100

150

200

250
300
Distance (m)

101

350

400

450

500

99
WITHYAWITHI 3 ROAD

WITHYAWITHI 3 ROAD

Start

98
Elevation (m)

Elevation (m)

100

99

Distance, 0 - 100 m
End of construction
After (2009)

98

20

40

97

96
B.M. 100.000 m

97
60

80

95
100

100

Distance, 100 - 200 m

End of construction
After (2009)

120

Distance (m)

140

180

200

WITHYAWITHI 3 ROAD

96
Elevation (m)

96

95

93
200

160

97
WITHYAWITHI 3 ROAD

94

B.M. 100.000 m

Distance (m)

97

Elevation (m)

Elevation (m)

99

Distance, 200 - 300 m

End of construction
After (2009)

220

240

Remeady, WTR 3
End

95

94
B.M. 100.000 m

260

280

300

93
300

Distance, 300 - 400 m

End of construction
After (2009)

320

Distance (m)

340

B.M. 100.000 m

360

Distance (m)

4.5 3

380

400

28

4.2

4. 6 (Joint
seal damage of transverse joints)

4.6
4.7 (Longitudinal crack)

4.7

29

(Lane or shoulder drop-off)

4.8 4.9
(Spalling of transverse
and longitudinal joint/crack) (Chipping or fraying)
0.6

4.8

4.9
4.10 (Transverse and diagonal crack)

4.11

30

(Faulting of transverse joints and cracks)

4.10

4.11
4.3
( 4.1) ( 4.2)


1:
(Concrete Patching) (Base)

31

2: (Polyurethane) 3:
(Sub Sealing) 1
2 3
(/
) Epoxy Stitching
2 3
2
3

1 : (Concrete Patching)




2 : (Polyurethane)


1.
1.1
Pumping Action

1.2




0.6-1.2

32

2.





3.
(Expanding Rubber Packer)
4. ( 4.12)
650
(4.48 45.70
44.82 Bar)
4.1


1

4.1
()

60-90
2-3 2-3
90-120
3-4 2-3
: Uretek Company Profile. 2554 []. :http://www.uretekworldwide.com

33

20

5. Nonshrink Cement Grout

50
4.13 4.14
6. Epoxy Stitching
Epoxy Injection

1:
2:
3:

: Uretek Company Profile. 2554 []. :http://www.uretekworldwide.com

4.12 (Polyurethane System)

34

approach slab

leave slab

4.13

4.14
(Polyurethane System)
(Allowable stress) (Modulus
of Elasticity) 100 0.77
15.4 ASTM D
1621 4.15 55 x 55
26 (Ductile)
()

35

4.15 100 kg/m3

12 20

30 342 20

3: (Sub Sealing)


1.
Pumping action

2.

36

3.

4.

5.

6. (Expanding Rubber Packer)

7. ( 4.16) 0.28 0.52

(40 75 2.81 5.27
2.76 5.17 Bar.)

1.38 (200
14.07 13.79 Bar.)

4.16 (Sub Sealing) : 2549 64-69.

37

8.
1-2
3-6
Cement Mortar Fast Setting Cement
9. Cement Mortar 8 2

10. Epoxy Stitching Epoxy

Injection
Epoxy Stitching ( 4.17)

1.

2. Epoxy Adhesive

3. 5 . 15-20 .
20-30 .
4. 2.5 . 15. 2 . Epoxy
Adhesive ( Stitching)
5. Injector 20 - 30 .
6. Epoxy Adhesive Epoxy Adhesive

7. Low Viscosity Epoxy (Sikadur 752)

Injector 0
250 bar Epoxy Epoxy
Injector ( 4.18)
8. Epoxy Injector Epoxy

9.
0.03 . Epoxy

38

4.17 Epoxy Injection

4.18 Epoxy Injection

: Uretek Company Profile. 2554 []. :http://www.uretekworldwide.com
4.4

4.2
4.6 5

39

4.2 1 1

Ulithian
-+
- .
Stitching & Epoxy Injection
- Stitching
- Epoxy Injection
Sub Sealing
-
- (Cement Mortar)
(Thermoplastic)

Factor 1.3347

..

1
1,010

700

20,000
350

25,000
1,060,500

.
.

119
224

650
450

350
300

119,000
168,000

..
..

1
600
300

480
280

20,000
280
10

20,000
196,000
87,000
1,675,500.00
560,789.85
2,236,289.85

4.3 2 1

Ulithian
- +
- .
Stitching & Epoxy Injection
- Stitching
- Epoxy Injection
Sub Sealing
-
- (Cement Mortar)
(Thermoplastic)

Factor 1.3347

..

1
230

700

20,000
350

25,000
241,500

.
.

42
126

650
450

350
300

42,000
94,500

..
..

1
200
150

480
280

20,000
280
10

20,000
152,000
43,500
618,500.00
207,011.95
825,511.95

40

4.4 3

Ulithian
- -+
- .
Stitching & Epoxy Injection
- Stitching
- Epoxy Injection
Sub Sealing
-
- (Cement Mortar)
(Thermoplastic)

Factor 1.3347

..

1
470

.
.

..
..

700

20,000
350

25,000
493,500

182
231

650
450

350
300

182,000
135,000

1
310
320

480
280

20,000
280
10

20,000
235,600
92,800
1,183,900.00
396,261.33
1,580,151.33

..
..

1
300
300

450

5,000
300
150

5,000
90,000
180,000

..

1
360

700

20,000
350

20,000
378,000

.
.

56
160

650
450

350
300

56,000
120,000

..

1
200

480

20,000
280

20,000
152,000

4.5 2 1, 2

(Concrete Patching)
-
-
-
Ulithian
-
- .
Stitching & Epoxy Injection
- Stitching
- Epoxy Injection
Sub Sealing
-
- (Cement Mortar)

41

4.5 ()

(Thermoplastic)

Factor 1.3347

..

300
280
10

87,000
1,108,000.00
370,847.60
1,478,847.60

4.6 3 1-6

(Concrete Patching)
-
-
-
Ulithian
-
-
Stitching & Epoxy Injection
- Stitching
- Epoxy Injection
(Thermoplastic)

Factor 1.3347

..
..

1
300
300

450

5,000
300
150

5,000
90,000
180,000

..

1
470

700

20,000
350

20,000
493,500

.
.
..

152
181
300

650
450
280

350
300
10

152,000
135,750
87,000
1,653,250.00
389,339.77
2,042,589.77

: 2

Stitching & Epoxy Injection
4.5 . (Polyurethane)
2

42

(pilot test) ( 4.19)
2 4.1 4.5 27 .. 2552
122/2552 4.20 4.23 2
3 (..2555) (..2536)
19 (..2552) 2
3

4.19
..2552

43

98.20
SIKKHAWITHI 1 ROAD

Elevation (m)

98.00
97.80
97.60
97.40

Distance, 710 - 725 m

End of Construction
After (2009)
After remeady

97.20
97.00
708

710

712

B.M. 100.000 m

714

716

718

720

722

724

726

Distance (m)
92.20
SIKKHAWITHI 1 ROAD

Elevation (m)

92.15

92.10
Distance, 920 - 950 m
End of construction
After (2009)
After remeady

92.05

92.00
915

920

925

B.M. 100.000 m

930

935

940

945

Distance (m)

4.20 1 (SKR1.1, SKR1.2)

950

955

44

107.70
SIKKHAWITHI 2 ROAD

Elevation (m)

107.65

Distance, 325 - 360 m

End of construction
After (2009)
After remeady

107.60
107.55
107.50

B.M. 100.000 m

107.45
320

325

330

335

340

345

350

355

360

365

Distance (m)

4.21 2 (SKR2)

98.40
WITHYAWITHI 2 ROAD

Elevation (m)

98.35
98.30
98.25
98.20

Distance, 230 - 275 m

End of construction
After (2009)
After remeady

98.15
98.10
225

230

235

240

B.M. 100.000 m

245

250

255

260

265

Distance (m)

4.22 2 (WTR2)

270

275

280

45

95.20
WITHYAWITHI 3 ROAD

Elevation (m)

95.00

94.80
Distance, 325 - 375 m
End of construction
After (2009)
After remeady

94.60

94.40
320

325

330

335

340

B.M. 100.000 m

345

350

355

360

365

370

375

380

Distance (m)

4.23 3 (WTR3)

4.23
5
(dial gauge)
2
4.25 4.26
1 12
38 (
)


1 (Remeady SKR 1.1, Remeady SKR 1.2
, Remeady WTR 2) 2 4,580
..2553-2555 2

2

46

4.24

47
Distance (m)
0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1000

Remeady, SKR 1.2

10

Compression (mm)

900

20
30

Remeady, SKR 1.1

Static load test

40
50

SIKKHAWITHI 1 ROAD

WITHYAWITHI 1 ROAD
60

4.25
Distance (m)
0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Compression (mm)

Remeady, WTR 2
10

20

30

Static load test

WITHYAWITHI 2 ROAD

40

4.26

350

400

48

27 .. 2533
( 22 )

5 1
1 2 3 2 3

(Joint seal damage of transverse joints) (Longitudinal
crack) (Lane or shoulder drop-off)
(Spalling of transverse and
longitudinal joint/crack) (Transverse and diagonal
crack)


: (Concrete
Patching) 2: (Polyurethane)
Epoxy Stitching Epoxy Injection
3: (Sub Sealing) Epoxy
Stitching Epoxy Injection

.. 2555
2
300 3 300
367,042.50 367,042.50
1 1
1,010 2 230 3 470
2 360 3 470

49

1,831,875.75 537,884.10
1,124,141.85 766,117.80 1,185,547.27
1 1 600
2 200 3 310 2 200
404,414.10
287,627.85 438,315.48 345,687.30

.. 2552 890 Epoxy
263 Epoxy Stitching 177
3

3

50

. 2536
1/2536 42536
. 2552
122/2552 272552
. 2533
. . 115 .
Uretek Company Profile. 2555
. 20 .
Uretek Company Profile. 2554 Approach slab
[]. :http://www.uretekworldwide.com
.2552
3 (
) 3202 () .6+150 .6+250 (
). 22 .
. 2549 (Road Maintenance Manual)
. 105-125.
. 2549
.6

51

52

1. (Compression Machine)

Compression Machine

2. (Proving Ring) (Dial Gauge)

Proving Ring
3. 55 55 26 3

4.1 5%

53

1. 80 480
4.1

54

2. 26

40

mm

26 mm.

3. 2 55 x 55

4.1 5%

55

4.
(N) (mm.) 0.10

5. Maximum Acceptable
Compressive Stre Modulus of Elasticity Linear Elastic

56

57

1.

23.80 cm

12.40 cm.
11.20 cm.
7.50 cm.

2. 342

6.50 cm
7.20 cm
11.00 cm 10.30 cm.

3.50 cm

58

3. 15 2
4. 20

23.40 cm.
11.80 cm.

5. 30

1. 30
2. 5

59

3.

60

0.02 cm.

4. 20

5.

61

62

1.
23.80 cm

12.40 cm.
11.20 cm.
7.50 cm.

2.
2.1 342
5/16 1 4
2.2 Tetron 5/16
2.3 15 2

4.00 cm

63

1. 30
2. 5

3.

64

4. 20
Tetron
5. Tetron

65

10 2511
(.) .. 2529
(.)
.. 2530

.. 2544 24
.. 2530 .. 2533
.
.. 2536
111