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TANKI DESIGN
API STANDARD 650 10th EDITION
:
:
:
:
:
:

PROJECT
CLIENT
TANK
SIZE
TAG NUMBER
DOCUMENT NUMBER

LPG PLANT TAMBUN

PT. ODIRA ENERGY PERSADA
CONDENSATE TANK
9100 ID X 7400 H
T - 100
TMB - ME - C - 001

By :

PLATE THICKNESS CALCULATION

Thickness of Shell Plates
- API STD 650 - Eighth Edition, November 1988 ( appendix F - Design of Tanks for Small
Internal Pressure )
- API STD 650 - 10th Edition

THICKNESS OF SHELL PLATES

DESIGN DATA FOR CALCULATION THE MINIMUM THICKNESS OF SHELL
MATERIAL : SS - 400
Minimum thickness of shell
Nominal diameter of tank
Radius of shell
Design liquid level
Area of shell

t
D
R
HL

29.86
14.93
24.28

inch
ft
ft
ft

As = x D x HL

As

211.60

sq m

Vs = x R2 x HL

Vs
SA
G
E
CA

SG

17,002.71
62.4
0.7
0.85
0.125
18
7,850.00

Volume of shell
Specific Gravity of water
Specific Gravity of the liquid to be stored
Joint efficiency
Corrosion allowance
Angle of cone elements to horizontal
Specific Gravity of steel

cu ft
lbs per cu ft

inch
degrees
kg/cu m

The minimum thicknesses of shell plates shall be computed from the stress on the vertical joints, using
the following formula :

(2.6)( D )( H L1)(G)
+CA
(
E)(21,000)
t = 0.196
inch = 5.715

t=

mm

The required thickness shall be grater of the design shell thickness including any corrosion allowance.
ts =
Selected shell thickness
0.25
inch =
6.35
mm
Ws = Ar x ts x SG
Total weight of shell plates
Ws =
10,547.73 kg =
23,253.89 lbs
Weight of water

Was =
Was =

Vs x SA
1,060,969.10

lbs

NS

Date : 22/02/2006

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THICKNESS OF ROOF PLATES

ts = 0.25

Selected roof thickness

6.35

inch =

Ar = x R x (R/cos )
Ar = 736.31389 sq ft =

Area of roof

Weight of roof plates

External
Total

Wr =
Ex =
q1 =

3,409.75
250.00
3,659.75

Height of roof

hr =

R tan

Volume of roof

Vr = 1/3 x x hr = 5.07999

kg
kg
kg

4.85103

WAr = Vr x SA =

Weight of water

=
=
=

316.991

mm

68.40
7,501.44
550.00
8,051.44

sq m
lbs
lbs
lbs

ft
cu ft
lbs

Used sixteen channel beam for frame

Capacity Weight of one channel beam : q2

50 cm

q2 = q1/16 =

228.73

kg

P1 = 1.2 x q2 =

274.48

kg

906.8 cm

4.534

P1

m
22.5

4.284 m
4.534

Uniform live load

qul =

Uniform live load

100
kg/m2
qL = qul x Ar/16 =

427.52

kg

qL
22.5

4.534 m

4.534

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Material SS 41 = BJ 37
Stress of material

1600 kg/cm2
q = ( P1 + qL) / 4.534 =
q =

154.83

kg/m

M max = 1/8 ql2

M max = 397.86

kg m

L = 4.534 m

Determined dimension channel beam

Mmax / W x
Wx =

24.866

cm3

Light lip Channel C 125x50x20x4

Wx =
34.700
cm3
Ix =
217 cm4
w=

kg/m

7.5

CHECK OF DEFLECTION
1/360 L
1.19 cm
E =

2,100,000.00

kg/cm2

5qL
384EI x
5 x 2 .0124 x 453 . 4 4 1.87
=
6
384 x 2 . 1 x 10 x 217

cm > = 1.19 cm

Change light lip channel C 125 x 50 x 20 x 4.5

Wx =
38.00
cm3
Ix =
238 cm4
w=

Angle

8.32 kg/m

5 x 2. 0124 x 453 . 4 4 1.10

=
6
x 2x 6. 1 x 10 x238
L 150384
x 150

cm < = 1.19 cm
OK !

154.83 kg/m

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Wx =

cm3

78.20

ROOF STRUCTURE CALCULATION

qD = Wr/Ar

Design Load ( Weight of roof plates )

Uniform live load
Wind velocity load

qD
qL
qw
Total load

q
q

49.85
100.00
72.55
222.40
0.022

kg/m2
kg/m2
kg/m2
kg/m2
kg/cm2

Maximum Distance of Rafter

The maximum distance of rafter may determined as follows :

L=
Where
L
W
S
q

12WxS
q

= Maximum distance of rafter

= Resistance moment
= Allowable stress
= Uniform load

1,600.00
0.022

For width B = 1 m perpendicular to drawing plan

kg/cm2
kg/cm2

q = B x 0.022 kg/cm 2
q = 1 x 0.022 kg/cm2
q=
0.02224 kg/cm2

Resistant moment :
W = 1/6 x B x t2
W = 1/6 x 100 x 0.635
W=
672.04
cm3

L=

12x672. 04x1600
0. 0222

L = 24,087.06

cm =

240.871

CHECK :
Used light lip channel to be used for rafter C 125 x 50 x 20 x 4.5
Material Spec. SS 400
Ix
Momen Inertia
238
cm4
Iy
33.5
cm4

m ( Greather than 1/2 D = 4.534 m )

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Wx

Modulus Sect.

38
10.1
10.59
8.32

Wy
Sectional Area
Unit Weight

A
w

cm3
cm3
cm2
kg/m

STRENGTH CALCULATION
q1
X

Q1

A1

q2
Q2

RA

4.534 m

L =R=
=

q1 = q . X + w
q2 = q . 0 + w

A2
RB

222.455 x 1.47+8.32 =

222.45 x 0 + 8.32 =

Q1 =

A1 =

Q2 =

1/2 L(q1 - w)

335.244

kg/m

8.32

kg/m

741.137

kg

A2 =

Lxw
RA = (L(2/3 Q1 +1/2 Q2))/L

=
=

37.7229

kg

512.953

kg

RB = (L(1/3 Q1 +1/2 Q2))/L

265.907

kg

M1 = 0.128 x Q1 x L

430.121

kg m

M2 = 0.125 x Q2 x L

21.3794

kg m

451.5

kg m

Mmax =

Modulus of section required

Mmax / Wx
Wx

28.22

Wx

28.22

cm3

OK !

The required modulus section is less than the modulus section of assumed channel to be used

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DEFLECTION
Due to live load
q1L = qL. X + w
q2L

Q1L

= q.0+w =
=
A1 =

Q2L

100 x 1.47 + 8.32 =

100 x 0 + 8.32
1/2 L(q1d - w)

A2 =

1,223.04 kg/m

=
=

8.32 kg/m
2,753.77

kg

Lxw
= (L(2/3 Q1L +1/2 Q2L))/L

=
=

37.72

kg

RAL

1,854.71

kg

RBL

= (L(1/3 Q1L +1/2 Q2L))/L

936.78

kg

f 1 L=

R A x1/2LQ 1 x1/6L
L

EI x

f2 =
L

Due to dead load

q1D = qD. X + w

R AL x1/2L
EI X

0.0004249

cm

0.0008413

cm

0.0012662

cm

fL total =

49.9 x 1.47 + 8.32

81.60 kg/m

49.9 x 0 + 8.32
1/2 L(q1D - w)

=
=

8.32 kg/m

q2D

= qD . 0 + w

Q1D

A1 =

Q2D

A2 =

166.12

kg

Lxw
= (L(2/3 Q1D +1/2 Q2D))/L

=
=

32.655

kg

RAD

127.07

kg

RBD

= (L(1/3 Q1D +1/2 Q2D))/L

71.70

kg

R A x1/2LQ 1 x1/6L0.0000325
D
D
f1 =
=
D EI x

f2 =
D

R AD x1/2L
EI X
fD total =

cm

0.0000576

cm

0.0000902

cm

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Due to wind load

q1W = qw. X + w =
q2W = qw . 0 + w

Q1W =

A1 =

Q2W =

A2 =

RAW = (L(2/3 Q1W

RBW

72.55 x 1.47 + 8.32

114.97 kg/m

72.55 x 0 + 8.32
1/2 L(q1W - w)

=
=

8.32 kg/m

Lxw
+1/2 Q2W ))/L

kg

37.72

kg

180.04

kg

99.45

kg

0.0000451

cm

0.0000817

cm

0.0001268

cm

= (L(1/3 Q1W +1/2 Q2W ))/L

f1 =

241.77

R A x1/2LQ 1 x1/6L
W

EI x

f2 =
W

R AW x1/2L
EI X

fD total =

Total Deflection f = ( fl total + fd total + fw total )

=
###
cm
<

Total weight of roof structure

= 1.19 cm

OK !

Wrs =

4,013.31

kg

Wrs =

8,829.29

lbs

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THICKNESS OF BOTTOM PLATES

Reference - Manual of Steel Construction Allowable Stress Design -Ninth Edition - AISC 1991
- COLUMN BASE PLATE Design Procedure
Minimum thickness of bottom plates, inclusive corrosion allowance is :

tp =2m
Where :
Actual bearing pressure
Total load
Area of bottom

fp = P/A

fp
+CA
Fy

P = W rs + W s + W as + W ar

A = x ((D + 2m)/2)2

Area of base plate

Minimum yield strength of material
Projection of bottom plates outside the shell
Corrosion allowance
Actual bearing pressure

fp
P
Ab
Ab1

1,093,369.27
717.41
66.65
103,307.04
34
2
0.125

A
Fy
m
CA

fp = P/A
fp = 10.58
fp = 0.01058

psi
ksi

Minimum thickness of bottom plates, inclusive corrosion allowance is :

tp =2m
tp = 0.196
Nominal bottom plates thickness to be applied is

inch

t=

0.32

mm

inch =

8.001

Wb = Ab1 x SG

Total weight of bottom plates,

Total weight of bottom plates,

fp
+CA
Fy = 4.95

Wb =

4,182.17

kg =

9,220.15 lbs

mm

ksi
lbs
sq ft
sq m
sq inch
ksi
inch
inch

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OVERTURNING STABILITY
WIND LOAD ON TANK
Reference - API STD 650 - Eight Edition, November 1088 - Paragraf Number 3.11
DESIGN DATA FOR CALCULATION WIND PRESSURE
The wind load on projected areas of cylindrical surfaces
The wind load on projected areas of conical surfaces
Total wind pressure based on a wind velocity of 100 miles per hour
Design wind velocity
Wind pressure

Wc
Wf
Wv

18
15
33

lb per sq ft
lb per sq ft
lb per sq ft

V
V
Pw

30
67.11

m/det
mph
lb per sq ft

CALCULATION
Total wind pressure based on design velocity :
Pw =
Pw =

( V/100 )2 x Wv
14.86 lb per sq ft

Overtuning Moment
DESIGN DATA FOR CALCULATION OVERTURNING MOMENT
Overturning moment from wind pressure
Dead-load resisting moment
Design wind pressure
Tank nominal diameter
Tank nominal radius
Tank height ( liquid level )
Lever arm
Shell weight available to resist uplif
Weight of roof
Weight of bottom
W a = W as + W ar
Weight of water
Weight of opening
Total weight full of water

M
Md
Pw
D
R
H
h

lbs ft
lbs ft
14.86
29.86
14.93
24.28
12.14

W
Wrs
Wb
Wa
Wp
WT

23,253.89
8,829.29
9,220.15
1,061,286.10
2,500.00
1,105,089.42

For un - anchord tank, the overtuning moment from wind pressure shall be calculated as follows :
M = Pw . D . H . h

lbs per sq ft

ft
ft
ft
ft
lbs
lbs
lbs
lbs
lbs
lbs

Revisi : A
Page 10 of 14
M=

130,790.43

lb. ft

For un - anchord tank, the overtuning moment from wind pressure shall not exceed two-thirds of
the dead-load resisting moment.
Dead-load resisting moment

M d=
Md =
M < Md

2 WD
3 2

( )

231,453.70
OK !

lb. ft

SEISMIC CALCULATION
DESIGN DATA FOR SEISMIC CALCULATION
Seismic factor
Essential facilities factor
Tank nominal diameter
Tank height

H = HL + hr

Lateral earthquake force coefficient

Total weight of the tank shell
Height from the bottom of the tank shell to the shell's center of gravity
Total weight of the tank roof
Total height of the tank shell
Weight of the affective mass of the tanks contents that move in unisin with the tank shell
Height from the bottom of the tank shell to the centroid of lateral seismic force applied to W1
Weight of the affective mass of the tanks contents that move in the first sloshing mode
Total weight of the tank contents
Height from the bottom of he tank shell to the centroid of lateral seismic force applied to W2
Natural period of the first sloshing mode
Factor obtained from figure E-4 for the ratio D/H
Overturning moment applied to the bottom of the tank shell

THE ABOVE'S DATA IS CALCULATED BY :

Natural period of the first sloshing mode : T

Factor obtained from figure E-4

D/H =
k=
T=
T=

1.03
0.58
k( D0.5 )
0.44 second < 45

Site Amplification Factor ( S )

From tabel E-2
S = 1.5

Z
I
D
H
C1
C2
Ws
Xs
Wr
Ht
W1
X1
W2
WT
X2
T
k
M

0.1
1
29.86
29.13
0.24
1.02
23,253.89
12.14
8,829.29
29.13
849,028.88
11.65
261,209.99
1,061,286.10
20.68
0.44
0.58
801,452.52

ft
ft

lbs
ft
lbs
ft
lbs
ft
lbs
lbs
ft
second
lbs ft

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Lateral Earthquake force coefficients
C1 = 0.24

C2 =

0 . 30S
T

C2 = 1.02

WEIGHT OF PLATES :

Total weight of the tank contents :

Weight of shell
Weight of roof
Weight of bottom
Weight of water

Ws
Wrs
Wb
WT

23,253.89
8,829.29
9,220.15
1,061,286.10

lbs
lbs
lbs
lbs

Tank effective volume

Effective contents

WT

17,007.79
1,061,286.10

cu ft
lbs

WT

From Fig. E-2

D/H =
W 1 /W T =

1.03
0.8

W1 =

849,028.88

W 2 /W T =

lbs

0.25

W2 =

261,209.99

lbs

Height from the bottom of the tank shell to the centroid of lateral seismic force applied to W1
Ref. API STD 650 - Eight Edition, November 1988 - Appendix E - Paragraf Number E.3.2.2
From Fig . E-3
D/H =
1.03
X1 /H =
0.4
X1 =

11.65

X2 /H =

0.71

X2 =

20.68

ft

ft

Overturning moment applied to the bottom of the tank shell

M = ZI ( C1W sXs + C1W rHt + C1W 1X1 + C2W 2X2 )
M = 801,452.52 lbs.ft
Resistant to Overturning ( Un - Anchored Tank )

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The maximum weight of the tank contents that may be used to resist the shell overturning.
DESIGN DATA FOR DETERMINED RESISTANCE TO OVERTUNING :
Max. weight of tank content that may be used to resist the shell overturning moment

Thickness of the bottom plate under the shell

Minimum specified yield strength of the bottom plate under the shell
Design specified gravity of the liquid to be stored
Height of tank
Tank nominal diameter

WL
tb
Fby
G
H
D

lbs per sq ft

0.32
34,000.00
1
349.57
358.32

inch
psi
inch
inch

Max. weight of tank content that may be used to resist the shell overturning moment :

W =7.9t b F by GH

WL = L

W L shall not exceed 1.25 GHD =

WL < 1.25 GHD

6,774.77

lbs.per ft

156,573.47
OK!

lbs.per ft

SHELL COMPRESSION
DESIGN DATA FOR DETERMINED SHELL COMPRESSION
Cs = x D
Circumference of shell
Weight of the tank shell and the portion of the fixed roof supported
by the shell lbs per ft of shell circumference
Wt = (Ws+ Wr)/Cs
Total weight of the tank shell
Total weight of the tank roof
Tank nominal diameter
Overturning moment applied to the bottom of the tank shell
Max. longitudinal compressive force at the bottom of shell, of shell circumference
Max. weight of tank content that may be used to resist the shell overturning moment :

Cs

93.62

Wt
Ws
Wr
D
M
b
WL

364.58
23,253.89
8,829.29
29.86
801,452.52

THE ABOVE'S DATA IS CALCULATED BY :

W t=
Wt =

W s+ W r
Cs
364.58

lbs per ft

Max. longitudinal compressive force at the bottom of shell, may be determined as follows :

Reference API STD 650 - APPENDIX E - Paragraf Number E.5.1

[D

( wt +w L) ]

=0.13

< 0.785

b=wt +

1 .273M
D2

6,774.77

ft
lbs per ft
lbs
lbs
ft
lbs. ft
psi
lbs per ft

1 .273M
2
D
1,508.84
lbs per ft

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b=wt +
b =

Max. Allowable Shell Compression

DATA
Material SS - 41
Max. Allowable Shell Compression
Max. longitudinal compressive force at the bottom of shell

Thickness of the bottom shell course,excluding any corrosion allowance

Max.allowable longitudinal compressive stress in the shell
Minimum specified yield strength of the bottom shell course
Specific gravity of the liquid
Nominal diameter of tank
Total height of tank

Max. longitudinal compressive force at the bottom of shell, may be determined as follows

GHD 2 719,495.80 > 10

=
2
t

Max.allowable longitudinal compressive stress the shell

10 t
Fa =
D
Fa =

6,363.03

Max. Allowable Shell Compression :

S=

b
12t

psi

S
b
t
Fa
Fty
G
D
H

1,508.84
0.190
34,000.00
1
29.86
29.13

psi
lbs per ft
inch
psi
psi
ft
ft

b
12t
S = 661.77

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S=

S < Fa

psi
OK !

Conclution
The design of " CONDENSATE TANK - ( T - 100 ) " is stable for the seismic condition.