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Strategies:
Approaches:
Explicit Instruction
Auditory-Oral = combines speech,
Face-to-Face
Conversation
use of residual hearing and speech
Present information in
reading.
visual format
Auditory-Verbal = student is to
Provide transcripts of
audio information
grow up in typical learning
environment, and learn to be an
individual.
Auditory Training = student is to
Characteristics of Hearing Impairment:
use residual or remaining hearing
Literacy
Altered speech or
Deficits/Struggles
speech patterns
with the goal of maximizing use of
Academic deficits
May use sign
speech and non-speech cues.
Understanding Social
Cues
Knowing expectations
Miss cues of activity
change
Withdrawn

language
Miss out on peer
interactions
Isolated
Feel lost most of the
time in school

Hearing Impairment (HI)

Hearing impairment means an
impairment in hearing, whether
permanent or fluctuating, that
adversely affects a child's educational
performance but that is not included
under the definition of deafness.

Communication Modifications:

Specialized seating arrangements

Obtain students attention prior to
speaking
Reduce auditory distractions
(background noise)
Reduce visual distractions
Enhance speech reading conditions
(avoid hands in front of face, mustaches
well-trimmed, no gum chewing)
Present information in simple
structured, sequential manner
Clearly enunciate speech
Allow extra time for processing
information
Repeat or rephrase information when
necessary
Frequently check for understanding

Instructional Modifications:

Noise reduction (carpet & other

sound absorption materials)
Use of visual supplements
(projected materials, whiteboard,
charts, vocabulary lists, lecture
outlines)
Captioning or scripts for
announcements, television, videos,
or movies
Speech-to-text translation
captioning (i.e., computer on desk)
Educational interpreter (ASL, signed
English, cued speech, oral)
Buddy system for notes, extra
explanations/directions
Check for understanding of
information
Down time / break from listening
Extra time to complete assignments
Step-by-step directions
Note taker