1

MEASUREMENT
Circumference of a Circle

Identification of
Values used for

are 3.14, 3.1416,

22
7

or 3

1
7

Circumference is the outside edge of a circle. Its length

can be found by measurement or can be
calculated by formula.
Circumference =
C=

C=2
r=

diameter

d or

r, where r is the radius of the circle.

C
2

Area of Parallelogram
Area of parallelogram = base perpendicular height.
Area of Composite Shapes
A composite shape is a shape that is made up of many
different parts.

Example

Calculation of the areas of composite shapes.

Scales and Distances

Enlarged scale
Example
1 cm on drawing represents 1 km in reality.
Reduced scale

Example.
1 m on drawing represents 1 cm in reality.
A scale of 1 cm to 250 000 cm can be written as 1:250
000.
This means that 1 cm on a drawing represents 250, 000
cm in reality. Such a scale has a Representative Fraction
of

1
250000

Representative Fraction (RF) = Size on drawing

Actual size
Both numerator and denominator of the fraction must be
expressed in the same units
The use of scales to represent lengths or distances.