牛津英语用法指南条目概览

verbs, tense and aspect future
present tenses
past simple and progressive
perfect verb forms
present perfect
past perfect
progressive (continuous) verb forms
past verb form with present or future meaning
tense simplification in subordinate clauses would
be, do, have and modal auxiliaries be, do, have auxiliary verbs
be
there is
do
have
modal verbs
can could
may might
can, could, may might
must
ought
should
should, ought must
will
would
infinitives and participles infinitives
211-22
461-46
421-42
42
455-46
423-42
470-47
42
58
8
89-9
58
158-16
234-23
353-35
121-12
338-34
34
358-36
40
518-52
52
62
63
279-29
k/0001
k/0002
k/0003
k/0004
k/0005
k/0006
k/0007
k/0008
k/0009
k/0010
k/0011
k/0012
k/0013
k/0014
k/0015
k/0016
k/0017
k/0018
k/0019
k/0020
k/0021
k/0022
k/0023
k/0024
k/0025
-ing forms -ing

-ing forms used like nouns (gerunds) -ing
-ing form or infinitive -ing remember, go on
-ing and -ed forms used as adjectives (participles) -ing -ed
verbs: other points active verb forms
passives
subjunctive
link verbs be, seem, look
irregular verbs
verb complementation
verbs with two objects
verb + object + complement + +
two-part verbs phrasal verbs
prepositional verbs
verbs of movement (she ran in )
turning verbs into nouns
older English verb forms
nouns singular and plural
countable and uncountable nouns
gender
piece- and group-words (a bar of chocolate, a bunch of flowers )
possessives s
noun + noun +
complementation (
pronouns personal pronouns (I, me, you
293-29
295-29
29
408-41
1
412-42
56
32
30
60
61
60
599
60
60
59
39
523-53
148-14
22
43
439-44
385-38
38
428-42
k/0026
k/0027
k/0028
k/0029
k/0030
k/0031
k/0032
k/0033
k/0034
k/0035
k/0036
k/0037
k/0038
k/0039
k/0040
k/0041
k/0042
k/0043
k/0044
k/0045
k/0046
k/0047
k/0048
k/0049
k/0050
reflexive pronouns (myself

each other one another
indefinite pronouns (somebody, someone, anything
interrogative which, what, who
one: substitute word (a big one
possessives and demonstratives determiners relative who, whom, which, that
whoever, whatever
determiners (the, my, some, several ) introduction
articles (a/an the )
possessives (my, mine )
demonstratives (this, that, these, those)
all
another other(s)
any
any every
both
each
each every
every (one)
either
enough
half
less fewer
least fewest
(a) little (a) few
[a] lot
49
17
54
622-62
39
494-49
62
15
61-7
441-44
589-59
35-4
5
5
5
11
16
17
19
17
18
23
32
31
32
33
k/0051
k/0052
k/0053
k/0054
k/0055
k/0056
k/0057
k/0058
k/0059
k/0060
k/0061
k/0062
k/0063
k/0064
k/0065
k/0066
k/0067
k/0068
k/0069
k/0070
k/0071
k/0072
k/0073
k/0074
k/0075
k/0076
more
most
much many
neither (of)
no, none not a/any
so much so many
some
some any
too much too many
adjectives position
order before nouns
complementation (
adjectives and
adjectives without nouns
pronunciation aged, naked
adverbs position
adverbs of manner and adjectives
adverbs or adjectives?
adverb particles
comparison structures
as ... as
as much/many as
comparative and superlative adjectives and adverbs
prepositions general introduction I
at the ends of clauses
before conjunctions
35
35
35
37
37
54
54
54
59
12-1
1
1
1
1
1
21-2
2
2
2
13
13
137-14
44
45
45
k/0077
k/0078
k/0079
k/0080
k/0081
k/0082
k/0083
k/0084
k/0085
k/0086
k/0087
k/0088
k/0089
k/0090
k/0091
k/0092
k/0093
k/0094
k/0095
k/0096
k/0097
k/0098
k/0099
k/0100
k/0101
k/0102
before -ing forms -ing

before and after particular words and expressions
prepositional verbs
expressions without prepositions
particular prepositions about on
above over
according to
across, over through
along
(a)round about
at/in to
at, on in:
at, on in:
before in front of
below, under, underneath beneath
between among
by
by near
by ( with (
due to owing to
during for
during in
for
for, since, in from
in into, on onto
45
449-45
60
45
k/0103
k/0104
k/0105
k/0106
k/0107
k/0108
k/0109
k/0110
4
6
8
8
8
9
10
10
11
11
11
16
16
16
20
20
26
k/0111
k/0112
k/0113
k/0114
k/0115
k/0116
k/0117
k/0118
k/0119
k/0120
k/0121
k/0122
k/0123
k/0124
k/0125
k/0126
k/0127
in to
in spite of
instead of
like as:
near (to)
opposite, facing in front of
out of
through
until
up down
with
conjunctions general conjunctions i
sentence structure
particular conjunctions and
and trywait, go
as though:
as if as though
like
as long as
as well as
because
before
both ... and
either ... or
how
immediately, the moment
its time (that)
27
27
30
32
36
40
40
59
60
60
63
510
51
5
5
7
k/0128
k/0129
k/0130
k/0131
k/0132
k/0133
k/0134
k/0135
k/0136
k/0137
k/0138
k/0139
k/0139a
k/0140
k/0141
k/0142
k/0143
7
7
7
9
9
11
17
25
26
30
k/0144
k/0145
k/0146
k/0147
k/0148
k/0149
k/0150
k/0151
k/0152
k/0153
lest
neither ... nor
neither, nor not ... either
not only ...
now (that)
once
so that in order that
that
omission of that that
unless
when if
whether ... or ...
whether if
word order and sentence organisation basic word order
inversion
fronting People like that I cant stand)
information structure
emphasis
various structures questions
question tags
negative structures
imperatives
(let) exclamations
direct speech
indirect speech
relatives (the person who ... )
32
37
37
38
38
39
54
58
58
60
61
62
62
50
302-30
51
51
18
480-48
487-48
367-37
268, 32
19
15
274-27
494-49
k/0154
k/0155
k/0156
k/0157
k/0158
k/0159
k/0160
k/0161
k/0162
k/0163
k/0164
k/0165
k/0166
k/0167
k/0168
k/0169
k/0170
k/0171
k/0172
k/0173
k/0174
k/0175
k/0176
k/0177
k/0178
k/0179
whoever, whatever
if
preparatory it it
cleft sentences what I need is a holiday
it was my secretary who ...
ellipsis
understanding complicated sentences
constructing text discourse markers
paragraphs
repetition
correspondence letters
emails and text messages P
spoken grammar contractions
spoken structures and tags
short answers Yes, he can
reply questions Was it? Did you?)
special kinds of language abbreviations and acronyms
idioms, collocations and fixed expressions
politeness using questions
distancing verb forms
softening expressions
social language '
varieties and styles of English American and British English
standard English and dialects
correctness
62
256-26
446-44
130
13
177-18
51
15
40
50
145-14
14
14
51
51
48
k/0180
k/0181
k/0182
k/0183
k/0184
k/0185
k/0186
k/0187
k/0188
k/0189
k/0190
k/0191
k/0192
k/0193
k/0194
k/0195
k/0196
25
43
436
43
54
5
30
30
k/0197
k/0198
k/0199
k/0199a
k/0200
k/0201
k/0202
k/0203
spoken and written English 31 formality

variation and change
abbreviated styles
headlines
slang
topic areas age
dates
meals
measurements
names (Florence, Homer )
names and titles Peter
Mr Lewis)
nationalities, countries and regions
numbers
telephoning
telling the time
spelling and punctuation spelling
punctuation
pronunciation stress and rhythm
intonation
weak and strong forms
word-building prefixes and suffixes
confusable words and expressions accept agree
all right alright
allow, permit let
31
31
k/0204
k/0205
k/0206
240
53
3
15
34
35
36
k/0207
k/0207a
k/0208
k/0209
k/0210
k/0211
k/0212
k/0213
36
36
38
57
57
556-56
473-47
55
55
61
44
k/0214
k/0215
k/0216
k/0217
k/0218
k/0219
k/0220
k/0221
k/0222
k/0223
k/0224
k/0225
4
4
k/0226
k/0227
almost nearly
practically
alone, lonely, lonesome lone
also, as well too
alternately alternatively
although, though, but however
altogether all together
arise rise
as, because, since for
as, when while:
at first first
(a)wake a)waken
back again
bath bathe
beat win
begin start
beside besides
besidesexcept apart from
big, large great
born borne
borrow lend
bring take
bring up educate
Britain, the United Kingdom, the British Isles and England
broad wide
k/0228
4
4
46-4
4
4
5
5
7
7
8
8
8
8
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
11
11
11
11
k/0229
k/0230
k/0231
k/0232
k/0233
k/0234
k/0235
k/0236
k/0237
k/0238
k/0239
k/0240
k/0241
k/0242
k/0243
k/0244
k/0245
k/0246
k/0247
k/0248
k/0249
k/0250
k/0251
k/0252
care take care (of), care (about) care for

changes ( become, get, go, grow
city town
classic classical
close shut
cloth clothes
come go
comic comical
continual(ly) continuous(ly)
dead, died death
east eastern, north northern
economic economical
efficient effective
electric electrical
end finish:
especial(ly) special(ly)
except except for
expect, hope, wait look forward
experiment experience
fairly, quiterather pretty
far a long way
farther further
female feminine
male masculine
finally, at lastin the end at the end
12
12
12
25
13
13
13
25
14
15
17
25
17
25
18
18
19
19
19
19
20
20
k/0253
k/0254
k/0255
k/0256
k/0257
k/0258
k/0259
k/0260
k/0261
k/0262
k/0263
k/0264
k/0265
k/0266
k/0267
k/0268
k/0269
k/0270
k/0271
k/0272
k/0273
k/0274
k/0275
20
20
k/0276
k/0277
fit suit
forget leave
fun funny
get go
hear listen (to)
here there
high tall
hire, rent let
historic historical
holiday holidays
how what like?
ill sick
in case if
its its
last, the last, the latest
later in
lay lie
long (for) a long time
lose loose
loudly aloud
magic magical
maybe perhaps
next the next
nearest
no more, not any more, no longer
20
20
21
22
24
24
24
24
25
24
25
26
27
30
31
31
31
33
33
33
25
34
k/0278
k/0279
k/0280
k/0281
k/0282
k/0283
k/0284
k/0285
k/0286
k/0287
k/0288
k/0289
k/0290
k/0291
k/0292
k/0293
k/0294
k/0295
k/0296
k/0297
k/0298
k/0299
k/0300
37
37
k/0301
k/0302
not no
opportunity possibility
play game
politic political
politics policy
price prize
principal principle
road street
say tell
sensible sensitive
shade shadow
small little
so ( then
some time, sometime sometimes
soon, early quickly
such so
speak talk
thankful grateful
travel, journey, trip voyage
whose whos
other words and expressions [be] able to
actual(ly)
afraid
after
after
38
40
43
25
43
46
46
50
50
50
51
53
53
54
55
56
55
58
59
62
k/0303
k/0304
k/0305
k/0306
k/0307
k/0308
k/0309
k/0310
k/0311
k/0312
k/0313
k/0314
k/0315
k/0316
k/0317
k/0318
k/0319
k/0320
k/0321
k/0322
k/0323
1
2
2
3
k/0324
k/0325
k/0326
k/0327
after all
ago
alike
any ( any better )
appear
as
as such
as usual
ask
at all
before
bet
better
[a] bit
but except
call
cant help
contrary
country
dare
different
divorce
doubt
dress
drown
elder eldest
else
enjoy
3
3
3
5
5
58
7
7
7
8
9
10
10
10
11
12
12
14
15
15
15
33
16
16
16
17
18
18
k/0328
k/0329
k/0330
k/0331
k/0332
k/0333
k/0334
k/0335
k/0336
k/0337
k/0338
k/0339
k/0340
k/0341
k/0342
k/0343
k/0344
k/0345
k/0346
k/0347
k/0348
k/0349
k/0350
k/0351
k/0352
k/0353
k/0354
k/0355
even
eventual(ly)
ever
ever so, ever such
explain
feel
finished
first (this is the first
get
give
go/come for a ...
go/come ...ing
gone be
had better
happen to ...
hardly, scarcely no sooner
hear, see ++
hear, see that
help
home
hope
hopefully
indeed
just
know
last (this is the last
learn
18
19
19
19
19
20
20
59
223-22
22
22
22
22
23
23
23
24
24
24
24
25
25
27
30
31
59
31
k/0356
k/0357
k/0358
k/0359
k/0360
k/0361
k/0362
k/0363
k/0364
k/0365
k/0366
k/0367
k/0368
k/0369
k/0370
k/0371
k/0372
k/0373
k/0374
k/0375
k/0376
k/0377
k/0378
k/0379
k/0380
k/0381
k/0382
left
let
life
like
likely
look
make
marry
mean
means
mind ( do you mind )
miss
need
no ( no better )
no doubt
no matter
nowadays
of course
often
once
only
open
opposite (:
own
part
place ( a place to live
please thank you
31
322-32
32
32
32
33
335-33
33
34
34
35
35
36
5
37
37
38
39
39
39
39
39
40
40
40
43
43
k/0383
k/0384
k/0385
k/0386
k/0387
k/0388
k/0389
k/0390
k/0391
k/0392
k/0393
k/0394
k/0395
k/0396
k/0397
k/0398
k/0399
k/0400
k/0401
k/0402
k/0403
k/0404
k/0405
k/0406
k/0407
k/0408
k/0409
point of view
prefer
presently
quite
rather
reason
remind
[the] rest
[the] same
see
see, look (at) watch
seem
smell
since
so like this/that
soso tired, so fast)
so ( not) hope, believe
so say tell
so-and-so
so-so
sort of, kind of type of
sound
stillyet already:
such
suggest
suppose, supposing what if
supposed to
43
44
46
48
490-49
49
49
50
50
50
50
50
53
52
53
53
53
54
54
55
55
56
568
57
57
57
k/0410
k/0411
k/0412
k/0413
k/0414
k/0415
k/0416
k/0417
k/0418
k/0419
k/0420
k/0421
k/0422
k/0423
k/0424
k/0425
k/0426
k/0427
k/0428
k/0429
k/0430
k/0431
k/0432
k/0433
k/0433a
k/0434
k/0435
surely
sympathetic
take
take
taste
than
the matter (with)
there
think
time
tonight
too
used to
[be] used to ...ing
very very much
wait
want
-wards
way
well
where (to)
why why not
wish
worth
yes no
57
57
57
57
57
58
58
58
58
59
59
59
60
60
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
62
63
63
63
k/0436
k/0437
k/0438
k/0439
k/0440
k/0441
k/0442
k/0443
k/0444
k/0445
k/0446
k/0447
k/0448
k/0449
k/0450
k/0451
k/0452
k/0453
k/0454
k/0455
k/0456
k/0457
k/0458
k/0459
k/0460
Index
abbreviated styles
abbreviations
able be able to
and on
about to
above and over
accept and agree
according to
Note
be able
with -ing form (e.g. the opening of Parliament
in advertisements, instructions etc
words left out
had I meaning 'if
see also personal pronouns
with relative structures: somebody I know you'll like
initials names of organisations
interrogative see questions
words left out in informal letters
measles singular
on and about
dropped in abbreviated styles
see also simple present
see also present progressive
present perfect progressive
past progressive
pronouns see personal pronouns
k/0491
k/0492
k/0493
k/0496
k/0497
k/0498
k/0500
k/0502
k/0606
k/0950
k/1347
k/1506
k/1516
k/1905
k/1990
k/2235
k/2303
k/2324
k/2481
k/2639
k/2983
k/3301
k/3345
k/3373
k/3374
k/3375
k/3382
reflexive pronouns
see also stress
see also the entries for particular structures (e.g. if
imperatives
exclamations
relative structures
see also pronunciation
see also past verb form with present or future meaning, and entries for individual tenses for tenses with particular words and expressions, see after
as ... as
as if/though
as long as
as, when and while
before
bet
ever
for
hope
if
just
just now
since
still, yet and already
than
than replacing subjects, objects and complements (e.g. than is necessary
thing for one/another thing
unable
for word order with particular words and expressions, see entries for ago
all
also
k/3383
k/3413
k/3673
k/3674
k/3675
k/3676
k/3924
k/4110
k/4111
k/4112
k/4113
k/4114
k/4115
k/4116
k/4117
k/4118
k/4119
k/4120
k/4121
k/4122
k/4123
k/4124
k/4125
k/4132
k/4229
k/4362
k/4699
k/4700
k/4701
as well
back
both
each
else
enough
just now
last
next
only
opposite
ought
quite
rather
such
used to
exclamations (What a ... .
across, over and through
active verb forms
complementation: what can follow an adjective?
order before nouns
with and
without nouns
aged pronunciation
with adjectives
the accused, the blind, the British etc
word order in as good a voice etc
left out in advertisements, instructions etc
beloved pronunciation
070.1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
k/4702
k/4703
k/4704
k/4705
k/4706
k/4707
k/4708
k/4709
k/4710
k/4711
k/4712
k/4713
k/4714
k/4715
k/4716
k/4717
k/0792
k/0509
k/0511
k/0529
k/0531
k/0539
k/0540
k/0589
k/0693
k/0807
k/0835
k/0940
k/0995
blessed pronunciation
crooked pronunciation
cursed pronunciation
dogged pronunciation
special word order with adjectives
learned (adjective) pronunciation
Index naked pronunciation
nouns left out after adjectives
over, across and through
ragged pronunciation
rugged pronunciation
's see possessive 's sacred pronunciation
special word order with adjectives
wicked pronunciation
with as, how, too and so
wretched pronunciation
advertisements words left out
words left out
words left out
notices words left out
postcards words left out
apart from, besides and except
below, under, underneath and beneath
beneath, below, under and underneath
besides, except and apart from
big, large and great
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1, 70.1
1, 70.19
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
10
10
10
10
10
k/1025
k/1296
k/1300
k/1408
k/2049
k/2449
k/2743
k/2918
k/3077
k/3483
k/3597
k/3601
k/4316
k/4634
k/4680
k/4746
k/4165
k/0790
k/0557
k/0811
k/1208
k/2315
k/2899
k/3269
k/0745
k/0996
k/0998
k/1001
k/1015
born and borne

borrow and lend
great, big and large
large, big and great
tenses active verb forms with their names
under, below, underneath and beneath
tense and time
time and tense
beside and besides
except, besides and apart from
bet
+ present with future meaning
bet
meaning 'recovered'
and rather
and better
or rather (discourse marker)
between and among
among meaning 'one of'
difference between
between/ among
share between/among
among and between
large and wide
and large
a bit
a bit
see also negative structures not a bit
be born
10
10
10
10
10
10
10.
10.
101
102
103
103.2
103.2
104.1
104.2
104.2
104.2, 157.1
105
105.
105.
105.
105.
105.2
106.4
106.4
107
107
107.
108
k/1033
k/1034
k/1890
k/2424
k/4105
k/4365
k/4104
k/4284
k/0999
k/1626
k/1002
k/1003
k/3336
k/1008
k/1006
k/3495
k/3052
k/1010
k/0680
k/1359
k/1387
k/3692
k/0679
k/2423
k/4637
k/0473
k/1021
k/2880
k/0935
bear (verb)
and borrow
bring up and educate
Note b Britain, the United Kingdom, the British Isles and England
Note b broad and wide
by (place) and near
educate and bring up
England, Britain, the United Kingdom and the British Isles
see also articles the British Isles, Britain, the United Kingdom, and England
the United Kingdom, Britain, the British Isles and England
upbringing and education
and by (tools, method et c)
actual(ly)
Index both
and both of
both
both ... and
both ... and
bring and take
take and bring
and broad
but meaning 'except'
all ... but
any but (= except)
next but one, last but two etc
but meaning 'only'
who should I see but etc
every ... but
last but one etc
108.2
109
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11, 157.15,16,2
110
110.2
110.2,4
111
111
112
112
115
116
116.
116.
116.
116.
116.
116.1
116.1
k/0957
k/2461
k/1046
k/1048
k/1052
k/1077
k/1471
k/1530
k/4180
k/4191
k/4397
k/4666
k/0513
k/1035
k/1037
k/2948
k/0689
k/1038
k/1044
k/4066
k/4636
k/1066
k/0623
k/0716
k/1069
k/1070
k/3734
k/1584
k/2428
next but one etc

no ... but (= except)
none ... but (= except)
after but
but
by (time)
by the time that
by the time that
near (preposition) and by
by and with (method, tools etc)
position
become, get, go, grow etc
ability
interpersonal uses (permission, requests, offers, suggestions, criticisms etc)
can't help
take care (oj), care (about) and care for
city and town
grow, become, get, go etc
position
afloat position
alight position
position
alive position
attributive position of adjectives
bloody position
position
live position
mere position
predicative position of adjectives
116.1
116.1
116.1
116.2
116.3
117
117.
117.1
118
119
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12,13
12.
12.
12.
12.
12.
12.
12.
12.
12.
12.
k/2807
k/2823
k/2854
k/2080
k/2259
k/1078
k/1085
k/4276
k/2749
k/1072
k/0532
k/0965
k/1096
k/1115
k/1118
k/1127
k/1166
k/1896
k/4679
k/0563
k/0609
k/0611
k/0612
k/0904
k/1027
k/1484
k/2516
k/2656
k/3278
sheer position
little (adjective) position
old position and meaning
afraid position
alone position
asleep position
awake (adjective) position
ill position
position
after object
call
can and could
adjectives
could as a less definite form of can
could and was able to etc
could meaning 'would be able to'
could have done
can/could always
can or will be able
can speak, play
could and was allowed to etc
could meaning 'would be allowed to'
can see, hear etc
follow can follow
can feel
can hear
can see
can smell
can taste
12.
12.2
12.2
12.3
12.3
12.3
12.3
12.3
12.3
12.4
120
12112-1
122.
122.5, 123.
122.6, 258.
122.7, 123.5, 259.
123.
123.
123.
124.
124.
125
125.
125.1
125.1
125.1
125.1
125.1
k/3700
k/2508
k/2976
k/0564
k/0639
k/0874
k/0914
k/2150
k/4506
k/0536
k/1091
k/1095
k/0519
k/1109
k/1107
k/1112
k/1110
k/1097
k/1101
k/1103
k/1108
k/1113
k/1102
k/1734
k/1671
k/1970
k/3634
k/3816
k/4082
guess can guess

can tell
can remember
can understand
can't help (. .. ing)
take care (of), care (about) and carefor
changes become, get, go, grow etc
get, become, go, grow etc
go, become, get, grow etc
come to realise etc
come true/right
fall ill/asleep / in love
remain
shorten
thicken
turn, turn into (changes)
widen
keep meaning 'stay'
stay
and city
after nouns and pronouns
as as
badly comparative and superlative
with what
c1ose(d) and shut
cloth and clothes
adjectives (formation)
adverbs (formation)
(adverb) comparative and superlative
125.2
125.2
125.3
125.3
126
127
128
128
128
128.
128.
128.
128.
128.
128.
128.
128.
128.10
128.10
129
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
k/1898
k/4096
k/3554
k/4369
k/1984
k/4073
k/1150
k/1830
k/1854
k/1197
k/1198
k/1654
k/3551
k/3714
k/4226
k/4348
k/4639
k/2384
k/3978
k/4324
k/0535
k/0821
k/0923
k/1173
k/1175
k/1176
k/1213
k/1214
k/1666
(adverb) lowerflowest
near (adverb) comparative and superlative
shut and close
What I need is etc
with something, everything etc
word order with complements (e.g. skilled in design)
position with adjectives
Attorney General
word order with complement
deep position after measurement nouns
two metres high etc
long (adjective) after measurement nouns
Poet Laureate
present position and meaning
President elect
proper position and meaning
Secretary General
similar word order with complement
court martial
God Almighty word order
available position after noun (e.g. the tickets available)
13
13
13
13
13
13.
13.
13.
13.
13.
13.
13.
13.
13.
13.
13.
13.
13.
13.
13.
13.
13.
13.
13.
13.
13.
13.1
13.1
13.2, 498.1
k/2555
k/2748
k/3741
k/3813
k/4535
k/0537
k/0541
k/0739
k/0903
k/1229
k/1328
k/1363
k/1463
k/1618
k/1717
k/2005
k/2522
k/2811
k/2926
k/3230
k/3309
k/3348
k/3416
k/3605
k/3631
k/3747
k/1285
k/1859
k/0911
possible position after noun

after measurement nouns
adjectives after measurement nouns
after measurement nouns
difficult word order with complement
last word order with complement
Index no one position with adjectives
all I want is ... etc
is!are after what-clause
in relative structures: the day when etc
in relative structures: the place where etc
in relative structures (the reason why)
that is where
this is where
cleft sentences with it
it was my secretary who etc (cleft sentences)
It is I who / It is me that
come and go
go and come
13.2, 498.1
13.4
13.4
13.4
13.5
13.5
13.6
13.6
13.6
13.6
13.6
13.6
13.6
13.6
13.6
13.6
13.6
130.
130.
130.2, 494.10
130.2, 494.10
130.2,494.10, 498.6
130.5
130.5
131
131
131.2
134
134
k/3266
k/0534
k/2647
k/2977
k/1364
k/2425
k/0732
k/0742
k/1598
k/1608
k/1614
k/2847
k/2862
k/2896
k/3875
k/3880
k/3889
k/0619
k/3776
k/4553
k/4565
k/4628
k/4145
k/4246
k/1172
k/2352
k/2086
k/1191
k/1852
come from
come to (= 'arrive at')
structures
comparatives and superlatives
comparison
as ... as
as much as (emphatic use)
twice as ... as etc
as ... as
not so ... as
after as
as me, as I do etc
as much/ many ... as
half as ... as
after: as ... as
comparison
worse, worst
good-looking comparative! superlative
-est, longer/ -est, stronger/ -est
comparative and superlative
comparative and superlative adjectives
well-known comparative and superlative
better
better, best
more in comparatives
in superlatives
134.5
134.5
135
135, 137-14
135-141
136
136.
136.
136.10
136.2
136.4
136.4, 429.
136.5,6
136.7
136.9
137, 139-14
137.
137.
137.
137.
137.
137.
137.2
137.2
137.5
137.5
137.5
137-13
137-138
k/1195
k/1196
k/1233
k/1212
k/1230
k/1231
k/0852
k/4353
k/3334
k/3838
k/2079
k/0827
k/2714
k/1913
k/2258
k/0528
k/0922
k/1876
k/3412
k/3504
k/3931
k/4510
k/1005
k/1868
k/2488
k/3582
k/4753
k/2695
k/2703
comparative and superlative adjectives and adverbs

comparison
[adverb) comparative and superlative
(adverb) later and latest
long (adverb) longerl longest
(adverb) louder! loudest
(adverb) quicker/ -est
soon comparative and superlative
after superlatives
the older ... , the happier etc
as, than and that
fatter and fatter, more and more slowly etc
prepositions with superlatives (the happiest man in the world et c)
the older ... , the happier ... etc
more and more
after superlatives (e.g. the happiest man in the world etc)
the older ... , the happier ... etc
than
than, as and that
that, than and as
the difference between comparatives and superlatives
after than
than me, than I am etc
after superlatives
after superlatives
137-141
138
138
138
138
138
138
138
138
138
138
138
139.
139.
139.
139.
139.
139.
139.
139.
139.
139.1
139.1
139.1
139.2,
139.6
139.6,429.2
139.8
139.8
k/1232
k/0551
k/1452
k/1460
k/1927
k/2002
k/2435
k/2523
k/2546
k/3470
k/3892
k/4505
k/0710
k/0809
k/0828
k/1218
k/1221
k/1227
k/2691
k/3294
k/4176
k/4127
k/4129
k/4154
k/1226
k/2081
k/4134
k/1566
k/4768
using comparatives and superlatives

position with asl howl sol too + adjective
after as, how, so, too
much, far etc with comparatives and superlatives
continuous see progressive contractions
control meaning
don't, I'm, I've etc (contractions)
before comparatives and superlatives
contractions (I've, hasn't etc)
I'm, I've, don't etc (contractions)
much with comparatives and superlatives
n't
so warm a dayetc
wish text messages
with comparatives and superlatives
with comparatives
with comparatives
a little with comparatives
by far with superlatives
easily with superlatives
with comparatives
with comparatives
with superlatives
with comparatives
velY best etc
much/many more
with superlatives
quite with superlatives
all the better, all the more important etc
139-14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
140
140.
140.
140.
140.
140.
140.
140.
140.
140.
140.2
140.3
140.3
141.
k/1228
k/0465
k/0533
k/1220
k/1264
k/1269
k/1411
k/1661
k/1944
k/2156
k/2722
k/2780
k/3841
k/4126
k/4446
k/0488
k/0475
k/0484
k/1083
k/1455
k/1560
k/2544
k/2755
k/3492
k/4441
k/2720
k/0637
k/3474
k/0629
any the worse/wiser etc

the with superlatives
superlative with or without the
none the worse, none the wiser etc
with superlatives
after superlatives (e.g. the youngest person to)
Index continual(ly) and continuoustly)
contractions (he's, isn't etc)
contractions
stressed and unstressed contractions
ain't
aren't I?
can't
contractions (I'm, won't etc)
on the contrary and on the other hand
and on the other hand
and contrary
contrary and opposite
letters
in letters
Yours faithfully etc
letters
in letters
correspondence (letters etc)
in letters and emails
emails
in emails
accommodation uncountable
baggage uncountable
141.
141.
141.
141.
141.
141.5, 284.
142
143
143
143
143.
143.
143.
143.
144.
144.
144.
144.2
146
146.
146.
146.12
146.1-4
146-14
146-14
147
147.1,
148.
148.
k/0720
k/0813
k/1224
k/2857
k/4179
k/2245
k/1261
k/0937
k/3954
k/4001
k/0605
k/0767
k/3393
k/3932
k/1267
k/2999
k/3041
k/1265
k/2480
k/1311
k/4786
k/0675
k/0517
k/1274
k/1769
k/1515
k/0518
k/0501
k/0924
bread uncountable
chess uncountable
chewing gum uncountable
conversation countable or uncountable
equipment uncountable
flu uncountable
fruit uncountable
furniture uncountable
glass (uncountable) and a glass
grape(s) countable
hair (uncountable) and a hair
information uncountable
knowledge uncountable
lightning uncountable
luck uncountable
luggage uncountable
macaroni uncountable
uncountable
money uncountable
paper (uncountable) and a paper
parking uncountable
permission uncountable
pity countable or uncountable
poetry uncountable
progress uncountable
publicity uncountable
research uncountable
rubbish uncountable
slang uncountable
148.
148.
148.
148.
148.
148.
148.
148.
148.
148.
148.
148.
148.
148.
148.
148.
148.
148.
148.
148.
148.
148.
148.
148.
148.
148.
148.
148.
148.
k/1040
k/1154
k/1155
k/1270
k/1544
k/1731
k/1789
k/1799
k/1847
k/1888
k/1909
k/2280
k/2416
k/2486
k/2556
k/2558
k/2562
k/2641
k/2686
k/3091
k/3096
k/3168
k/3211
k/3232
k/3366
k/3423
k/3568
k/3595
k/3808
spaghetti uncountable
stomach-ache countable or uncountable
sugar uncountable
thunder uncountable
toothache countable or uncountable
traffic uncountable
vocabulary uncountable
weather uncountable
advice uncountable
Index journey (countable) and travel (uncountable)
travel (uncountable) and journey
whole work uncountable
news uncountable
Index experience countable or uncountable
thought countable or uncountable
illnesses usually uncountable
could see can countable and uncountable nouns
chance uncountable use
uncountable use
plural uncountables
have difficulty in ... ing
English (the language) uncountable
health uncountable
uncountable use
question uncountable use
uncountable use
difference uncountable use
point uncountable use
countable use
148.
148.
148.
148.
148.
148.
148.
148.1, 149.4
148.3
148.3
148.3
148.3
148.3, 524.
148.6
148.6
148.7
148-149
149.
149.
149.
149.
149.
149.
149.
149.
149.
149.2
149.2
149.3
k/3913
k/3985
k/4026
k/4270
k/4320
k/4326
k/4451
k/4493
k/0558
k/2371
k/4331
k/4718
k/2804
k/1639
k/4259
k/2154
k/1277
k/1147
k/1149
k/1279
k/1367
k/1533
k/1968
k/2110
k/3451
k/3510
k/1358
k/3234
k/4332
countable use
with uncountable nouns
a/an with uncountables
died, dead and death
discourse markers
adjectives: order before nouns
with adjectives
with adjectives
counting see numbers country countable and uncountable uses
dare
I dare say
How dare you?
I dare say
dates
dates
AD and BC
BC and AD
dead, died and death
determiners (the, my, some, either etc)
several
of after: determiners
any/no different
different from/to/than
see also indirect speech direct speech reporting verbs and word order
reporting verbs (e.g. said John)
all the same
anyhow (discourse marker)
anyway (discourse marker)
as far as ... is concerned
149.3
149.4
149.4
15
15
15
15.
15.
150
151
151.
151.
151.
152
152
152.
152.
153
154
154.
154.4
155.1
155.2
156
156, 30
157.
157.
157.
157.
k/4494
k/0471
k/1278
k/1357
k/1379
k/4678
k/1206
k/3433
k/1281
k/1306
k/1307
k/2052
k/2090
k/0672
k/1310
k/0514
k/0932
k/1318
k/1346
k/3679
k/2944
k/1362
k/1360
k/1373
k/4697
k/0630
k/0734
k/0740
k/0842
as for
as I was saying
as regards
at any rate (discourse marker)
by the way
despite this/that
granted (discourse marker)
however (discourse marker)
discourse marker showing concession
in spite of this/that
in the same way (discourse marker)
incidentally
it is true (discourse marker)
just as (discourse marker)
mind you
nevertheless
nonetheless
now (showing change of subject)
(discourse marker)
OK showing change of subject
on the one hand, on the other hand
opposite (noun) quite the opposite
quite the opposite (discourse marker)
reference with reference to
regarding
similarly (discourse marker)
speaking of/about
still emphasising contrast
talking about
157.
157.
157.
157.
157.
157.
157.
157.
157.
157.
157.
157.
157.
157.
157.
157.
157.
157.
157.
157.
157.
157.
157.
157.
157.
157.
157.
157.
157.
k/0843
k/0844
k/0853
k/0891
k/1086
k/1344
k/1887
k/2066
k/2119
k/2208
k/2211
k/2217
k/2357
k/2381
k/2667
k/2802
k/2858
k/2920
k/2966
k/2975
k/3000
k/3042
k/3477
k/3520
k/3529
k/3748
k/3917
k/3983
k/4078
true it is true (discourse marker)

whereas
with reference to
discourse marker emphasising contrast
addition in addition
another thing is (discourse marker)
apparently (discourse marker)
as a result
as well as that
to begin with
broadly speaking
by and large
consequently (discourse marker)
e.g. (= for example)
for example
extent to some extent etc
first(ly). first of all (discourse markers)
for example, for instance
for one thing, for another thing (discourse markers)
frankly (discourse marker)
furthermore
general in general (discourse marker)
I guess (discourse marker)
honestly (discourse marker)
I don't know (discourse marker)
I feel (discourse marker)
I guess (discourse marker)
I reckon (discourse marker)
I suppose (discourse marker)
157.
157.
157.
157.
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
k/4342
k/4571
k/4667
k/4771
k/0515
k/0701
k/0750
k/0839
k/0866
k/0985
k/1053
k/1081
k/1252
k/1474
k/1621
k/1644
k/1719
k/1757
k/1758
k/1775
k/1801
k/1821
k/1900
k/2022
k/2091
k/2092
k/2094
k/2097
k/2099
I think (discourse marker)

I'm afraid (discourse marker)
in general (discourse marker)
in most cases
in my view
in other words
in particular (discourse marker)
in some cases
in the first etc place (discourse marker)
instance for instance
you know, I don't know discourse markers
lastly (discourse marker)
discourse marker
look here (discourse marker)
more or less (discourse marker)
moreover
discourse marker
on the whole
on top of that (discourse marker)
see also -ing forms particular in particular
in the first/ second etc place
discourse marker
I reckon
result as a result
secondly, thirdlyetc
so to speak
to start with
I suppose (discourse marker)
therefore (discourse marker)
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
k/2100
k/2157
k/2194
k/2195
k/2198
k/2201
k/2203
k/2205
k/2210
k/2306
k/2415
k/2433
k/2531
k/2539
k/2697
k/2698
k/2827
k/3002
k/3004
k/3108
k/3215
k/3507
k/3514
k/3575
k/3630
k/3857
k/3975
k/4041
k/4219
to begin with (discourse marker)

to some /a great extent
to start with (discourse marker)
view in my view
what is more
on the whole
finally (discourse marker)
another thing is (discourse markers)
discourse marker
besides (discourse marker)
in any case
apart from (discourse marker)
case in some etc cases
so meaning 'because of this!that'
then (discourse marker)
that (relative pronoun) see relative structures that is to say
I feel (discourse marker)
in my opinion
opinion in my opinion
or rather
I think (discourse marker)
discourse marker
discourse marker
well (discourse marker)
you know (discourse marker)
as a matter of fact
briefly
conclusion in conclusion
in conclusion
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.1
157.10
157.10,1
157.11
157.11
157.11
157.12
157.12
157.14
157.14
157.15,1
157.16
157.16
157.16
157.16
157.16
157.16,17
157.16,17
157.16,17,2
157.17
157.2
157.2
157.2
157.2
k/4298
k/4301
k/4302
k/4448
k/4541
k/4615
k/1695
k/4230
k/0648
k/1000
k/1131
k/0744
k/1130
k/3843
k/4203
k/4158
k/1675
k/2196
k/3036
k/3494
k/4234
k/2394
k/3903
k/4509
k/4775
k/0838
k/1043
k/1245
k/2190
in fact (discourse marker)

in short (discourse marker)
in short
sum to sum up
to sum up
to tell the truth
showing contrast
fact in fact, as a matter off act (discourse markers)
in the same way
as discourse marker
may ... (but) discourse marker showing concession
on the contrary
Index on the contrary
discourse marker
in any case (discourse marker)
in case and if
157.2
157.2
157.2
157.2
157.2
157.2
157.2
157.20
157.4
157.5
157.5, 34
157.6
157.6
157.7,1
157.7,ll
271
all right (showing change of subject)

showing change of subject
in addition
do
auxiliary verb
do ... ing
general-purpose verb
substitute verb
do so/it/that
dropping words see ellipsis drown and be drowned
due to and owing to
and in
157.8
157.8
157.ll
158-16
159
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
k/2191
k/2204
k/3712
k/4032
k/4303
k/4304
k/4594
k/1648
k/4482
k/1144
k/2600
k/1266
k/2998
k/0895
k/2187
k/2187
a
k/0627
k/3583
k/2185
k/1389
k/1390
k/1397
k/1398
k/1400
k/1404
k/1434
k/1436
k/1439
owing to and due to

nice and
make and do
do and make
take a photo
take a photo
do so
doubt (verb) structures
dress (noun)
have on (= be wearing)
wear be wearing
dress (verb)
during and for
and during
in and during
each
position
he! she or they after each
each of
each
each
followed by he/she or they
Northern etc
efficient and effective
either ... or
after and, but and or
at the beginning of a sentence
Northterni, South(ern) etc
accused the accused
16
16.
160
160.
160.
160.6
162
163
164.
164.
164.
164.2,3
167
167
168
169
169.
169.
169.2
169.2
169.2
169.3
17
17
17
17
17
17
17.
k/3082
k/2813
k/2573
k/1396
k/3200
k/4069
k/3821
k/1419
k/1428
k/1959
k/4492
k/1429
k/1438
k/1751
k/2181
k/1442
k/1447
k/3772
k/1443
k/2949
k/3793
k/1446
k/1124
k/1473
k/1482
k/1490
k/1497
k/3929
k/0504
blind the blind

British the British
the dead
deaf the deaf
Dutch the Dutch
former the former
the handicapped
latter the latter
poor the poor
rich the rich
Spanish the Spanish
the British, Dutch etc
the former, the latter
unemployed the unemployed
young the young
the old
not used with the poor etc
the blind, deaf, old etc
English the English
French the French
Irish the Irish
Welsh the Welsh
the accused
and every
and each
each other / one another
one another and each other
and -selves
not used with each other / one another
17.
17.
17.
17.
17.
17.
17.
17.
17.
17.
17.
17.
17.
17.
17.
17.1
17.1
17.1
17.2, 36
17.2, 36
17.2, 36
17.2, 36
17.3
170
170
171
171
171.
171.
k/1026
k/1049
k/1319
k/1322
k/1440
k/1770
k/1917
k/2441
k/3252
k/3579
k/3914
k/4174
k/4182
k/4375
k/4781
k/2978
k/3257
k/4173
k/1532
k/1778
k/2337
k/4513
k/4172
k/1444
k/1582
k/1448
k/3018
k/1449
k/2591
not used with each other / one another

and -selves
and each other / one another
east and eastern etc
north and northern etc
south and southern etc
west and western etc
capital letters
capital letters
capital letters
capital letters
either (determiner)
meaning 'each'
either end
side either side
he! she or they after either
either of
either
either of
either
either ... or
elder and eldest
ellipsis (leaving out words) after as
Index after as and than
after question words
in replies
as agreed etc
after conjunctions
though intelligent etc
171.
171.
171.4
172
172
172
172
172.
172.
172.
172.
174
174.
174.
174.
174.
174.2
174.2
174.2
174.6
175
176
177.
177.
177.
177.
177.1
177.1
177.11
k/2651
k/3019
k/3522
k/1456
k/2870
k/3910
k/4522
k/1457
k/2871
k/3911
k/4523
k/1478
k/1481
k/1527
k/3744
k/3773
k/1479
k/2950
k/3794
k/3397
k/3046
k/1483
k/0830
k/1491
k/1496
k/1510
k/0823
k/1493
k/4256
while asleep ere

dropping words after than
ellipsis (leaving out words)
ellipsis (leaving out words)
ellipsis (leaving out words) after and
dropping words after but
dropping words after or
words left out before tags
dropping words before tags
after auxiliary verbs
in infinitives (e.g. I don't want to)
in noun phrases
end and finish (verbs)
especial(ly) and speciality)
finish and end
used instead of whole infinitive
aged, naked etc
special(ly) and especial(ly)
leaving out words after adjectives
dropping words after determiners
after adjectives
after determiners
dropping words after auxiliaries
used instead of whole infinitive
else
all else
with else
anywhere else
elsewhere
177.11
177.7
177-18
177-182
178
178
178
179.
179.
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
180.
180.
180.
180.
181
182
183
183.
183.
183.
183.
k/4592
k/4130
k/1488
k/3666
k/0690
k/1063
k/3047
k/3457
k/4065
k/1492
k/1508
k/1509
k/1525
k/1550
k/1704
k/2275
k/3391
k/3918
k/0530
k/1349
k/1489
k/1494
k/0909
k/4290
k/1513
k/0626
k/0733
k/0743
k/1514
with else
how else
no one else
or else
with else
what else
whatever else
whenever else
with else
whoever else
with else
anything else
little else
much else
nobody else
something else
somewhere else
when else
where else
emphasis
stressed for emphasis
contrastive emphasis
emotive and contrastive
use for emphasis
for emphasis
used for emphasis
really used for emphasis
enjoy
enough
183.
183.
183.
183.
183.
183.
183.
183.
183.
183.
183.
183.1
183.1
183.1
183.1
183.1
183.1
183.1
183.1
184
184.
184.
184.
184.
184.2
184.3
184.3
186
187
k/1600
k/2054
k/2863
k/3051
k/3877
k/4538
k/4548
k/4562
k/4600
k/4612
k/4630
k/0736
k/2514
k/2719
k/2846
k/3881
k/3890
k/4557
k/4568
k/1518
k/0910
k/1268
k/1519
k/4021
k/3997
k/2379
k/3506
k/1534
k/1537
the meaning 'enough'

enough of
enough
even
even if/though
even now
even so
even if
and even
and also
even though
even so
complementation what can follow an adjective?
eventual(ly)
ever so/such
and experiment
fairly, quite, rather and pretty
look forward, expect, hope and wait
pretty, fairly, quite and rather
wait, expect, hope and look forward
exclamations
ever
as ever
ever after comparatives/superlatives
ever since
not ever and never
than ever
if: .. ever
and not ever
187.
187.4
187.4
189
189.
189.
189.
189.
189.3
189.3
189.4
189.5
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
191
191.
191.
191.
191.
191.
191.1
191.1
k/4175
k/1538
k/2951
k/1557
k/1561
k/1562
k/1563
k/2121
k/0647
k/1558
k/4255
k/3822
k/1235
k/1564
k/1578
k/1640
k/1653
k/2538
k/3353
k/4458
k/4687
k/1565
k/0840
k/1216
k/1577
k/2885
k/4137
k/2123
k/2795
the only ... ever

with ever
with ever
and ever
and before
ever before
and ever
and always
ever after
forever
ever so
ever such
every
followed by he/ she or they
every few days etc
every other
every single
everyday and every day
every now and then
every so often
every one (of)
+ singular verb
+ singular verb
except structures
except for
except
and without
191.2
191.3
191.3
191.4
191.4
191.4
191.5
191.5
191.5
191.5
192
192
193
193.
193.
193.
193.
193.
193.1
193.1
193.2,3
193.7
193.7
193.7
193.7
194
194, 157.12
194.5
194.6
k/3029
k/3163
k/3322
k/0972
k/1568
k/1576
k/0658
k/1567
k/1575
k/1763
k/3836
k/4016
k/1579
k/1587
k/1588
k/1590
k/1591
k/1601
k/1589
k/1592
k/1583
k/1597
k/1607
k/1611
k/1617
k/1622
k/1624
k/2260
k/1625
without and except

exclamations
exclamations
exclamations
exclamations
exclamations and emphasis
as exclamations
expect, hope, wait and look forward
hope, expect, wait and look forward
explain structures
quite, fairly, rather and Index pretty
rather, fairly, quite and pretty
adjectives and adverbs of manner (happy and happily etc)
adjectives or adverbs: confusing cases
the with half
fear and be afraid
prepositions and adverb particles
Note
acronyms
in plurals of abbreviations
not used in abbreviations
in plural abbreviations
not used in abbreviations
in abbreviations
a long way and far
adverb particles (e.g. back, off, out)
at last, finally, in the end and at the end
far (adverb) and a long way
farther and further
194.6
195
195,252.4
195.2
195.3
195.3, 184.3
195.4
196
196
198
199
199
2
2
2
2
2
2, 488.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.2
20
20
20
20
20
k/4669
k/1631
k/2043
k/4525
k/4017
k/3837
k/2777
k/1636
k/2027
k/1641
k/3473
k/3491
k/0523
k/0524
k/0810
k/1667
k/3306
k/0768
k/0508
k/0749
k/1795
k/3426
k/3438
k/3998
k/0486
k/0546
k/0893
k/1659
k/1664
female and feminine

finally, at last and in/ at the end
and leave
from, in, for and since (time)
further and farther
in, from, for and since
in the end, at the end, at last and finally
male and masculine
and fit
a long way and far
far (adjective)
feel
link verb
feel as if
feel as though
feel as if/though
feel like
feel like
ordinary verb: meanings and structures
end at/ in the end
at last
finished be/have finished
meaning 'ready'
fit and suit
for purpose/ cause
for ... ing after nouns (e.g. a machine for cuttingi
for (time), since, in and from
since.for, in and from (time)
present with future meaning after for
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
200
200.
202
202.1-3
202.3
202.3
202.3
202.3,4
202.3,4
202.5-7
204
204.2
205
205
206
207
207.2,297.2
208
208
208.
k/1683
k/1697
k/1766
k/1783
k/1800
k/2184
k/2209
k/2579
k/4031
k/2524
k/1658
k/1668
k/1677
k/0846
k/0858
k/1672
k/1673
k/2489
k/1678
k/1526
k/2426
k/1706
k/1707
k/1724
k/1746
k/1747
k/1749
k/3761
k/1754
with for and since

for
with for and since
and forget
be going to
fun and funny
future perfect
going to
present forms or will! shall?
present progressive
simple present
interpersonal uses
will and shall, going to and present progressive (advanced points)
future use
future
will and shall
adverbs: position
shall and will (future auxiliaries)
future auxiliary
and shall
adverbs position
going to (future auxiliary)
gonna (= going to)
going to ('gonna')
used for future
used for future
present progressive or going to
decisions, promises, threats, refusals, instructions, orders, requests
won't refusals
208.
208.1
208.2
209
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
211-22
212
21-2
212, 216-220
212, 216-220
212, 217-220
21-25
213, 216, 21
213.4, 308.
213.5
213-216, 21
214, 216, 21
214.
217
217.
k/3323
k/3338
k/3164
k/2454
k/0952
k/1796
k/1805
k/1807
k/1809
k/1810
k/1813
k/1815
k/1816
k/3759
k/1802
k/1814
k/4681
k/3685
k/4646
k/4643
k/0548
k/1862
k/1866
k/3398
k/3332
k/3329
k/1811
k/4645
k/4676
shall offers, suggestions, asking for instructions and decisions

shall in legal documents etc
different meanings of will you ... ?
legal documents etc
future in the past
future progressive
gender (references to males and females)
be gone
go/come ... ing
sexist language
see also present perfect, past perfect, future perfect perhaps position
frequently position
normally position
usually position
always position
position
occasionally position
position
sometimes position
maybe position
+ inversion (verb before subject)
future in the past
actor and actress
authoress
bride and bridegroom
chairman and chairperson
duke and duchess
fireman
and heroine
217.5
218.
218.4
218.6
22
22
22
22
22
22
22.3
22.3, 24.
22.3, 24.
22.3, 24.
22.3, 24.2
22.3, 24.2
22.3, 24.2
22.3, 24.2
22.3, 24.2
22.4
22.5, 30
221
222.
222.
222.
222.
222.
222.
222.
k/3682
k/1812
k/4650
k/3684
k/1804
k/1806
k/1820
k/1865
k/2289
k/3680
k/3165
k/1779
k/2869
k/4412
k/0656
k/2797
k/2940
k/2973
k/3886
k/2612
k/4207
k/4729
k/0512
k/0905
k/1042
k/1146
k/1437
k/1710
k/1997
host and hostess

without article meaning 'the human race'
mankind
mayor and mayoress
they meaning 'he or she'
poetess
policeman/woman
prince and princess
see also pronunciation spokesman/woman/person
steward and stewardess
Ms
waiter and waitress
widow and widower
used for animals
used for animals, countries, ships etc
meaning 'he or she'
he or she
they meaning 'he or she'
meaning 'he or she'
get dressed, drowned, lost, married etc
get as passive auxiliary (get caught etc)
passive auxiliary (get caught etc)
see also -ing forms get structures and meanings
causative structures with get
get and go (movement)
go and get (movement)
with action nouns (give a cry etc)
come for a walk, swim etc
go for a walk, swim etc
222.
222.
222.
222.
222.
222.
222.
222.
222.
222.
222.
222.
222.
222.1
222.1
222.2
222.2
222.3, 52
222.3, 528
223.
223.
223.5
223-224
224
225
225
226
227
227,598.
k/2034
k/2582
k/2584
k/2615
k/3187
k/3231
k/3240
k/3358
k/3965
k/3981
k/4287
k/4459
k/4640
k/1964
k/3697
k/1961
k/1962
k/3790
k/4224
k/1837
k/3115
k/1833
k/1826
k/1134
k/1829
k/1853
k/1844
k/1194
k/1855
go ... ing
come ... ing
be gone
+ object + verb form
auxiliary verb
have (got) possession, relationships etc
no sooner, hardly and scarcely
scarcely, hardly and no sooner
should happen to
had better
had better
had better, should and ought
and had better
and had better
half
a with half
one and a half
with half
Half of
half
half (oj)
a with half
one and a half
happen to
hardly, scarcely and no sooner
have
actions (have a bath, breakfast etc)
have or take (a bath, shower etc)
take or have (a bath, shower etc)
228
228.2
229
23
23
23
23
23
23
230
230
230.1
230.1
230.1
231
231.
231.
231.
231.1
231.1
231.1
231.4
231.5
232
233
234-23
236,598.
236.
236.1
k/1850
k/1192
k/0936
k/1941
k/1943
k/1947
k/2841
k/3620
k/3729
k/1007
k/1902
k/1903
k/3059
k/3719
k/1910
k/0783
k/3780
k/4178
k/1911
k/2953
k/3795
k/0463
k/3010
k/1919
k/1933
k/1940
k/1942
k/1951
k/4068
with have
with or without do
have got
got have got
with have
have (got) to
got to ('gotta')
see also have gotta (= got to)
gather I gather that
see also personal pronouns headlines
hire, rent and let
I gather/hear /see/understand that
let, rent and hire
news headlines
notice, hear etc something happeniing)
on holiday
rent, hire and let
tall and high
vacation
completely position
defining (relative clauses) see identifying definitely position
probably position
adverb position
position
rarely position
seldom position
certainly position
almost position
hardly position
237, 23
237, 23
237, 239
237, 239
238
239
239.4
239.4, 308.
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24.
24.
24.
24.11
24.2
24.2
24.2
24.3
24.4
24.4
k/1403
k/1957
k/1831
k/1881
k/1135
k/1948
k/3399
k/1883
k/1819
k/1966
k/2011
k/2093
k/2479
k/2805
k/2898
k/2996
k/3560
k/4080
k/4413
k/1238
k/1330
k/3364
k/0670
k/1571
k/3487
k/3653
k/1143
k/0636
k/1930
nearly position
practically position
scarcely position
either (adverb) position
position
neither (adverb) position
position
also position
left out in news headlines
in news headlines
in headlines
for in news headlines
in news headlines
passives without be in news headlines
in news headlines
in news headlines
in news headlines
in news headlines
in news headlines
in news headlines
hear and listen (to)
and hear
hear something happen/ happening/ done
+ object + infinitive or -ing form
look at + object + -ing form or infinitive
I hear that ...
I see that ...
I understand that ...
help (verb)
24.4
24.4
24.4
24.6
24.6
24.6
24.6, 25
24.6, 46.1
240
240.
240.
240.
240.
240.
240.
240.
240.
240.2
240.2
240.2
241
241
242
242.1
242.4
243
243
243
244
k/2752
k/3274
k/3618
k/1475
k/1559
k/2784
k/2378
k/0646
k/0941
k/1187
k/1507
k/1745
k/2252
k/3124
k/3428
k/3443
k/3479
k/2910
k/3440
k/3453
k/1971
k/2506
k/1972
k/3633
k/2533
k/1973
k/3635
k/4370
k/1983
help
here and there
there and here
high and tall
high and tall
holiday(s)
Index home
house and home
at Philip's, at the Smiths' etc
and house
collocations
fixed expressions
hopefully
see also relative structures idioms
basic structures: ordinary tense use
basic structures: past tenses and would
basic structures: unreal past situations
lexical phrases (fixed expressions)
what ... like and how
hope
hope
negative structures
I was hoping, I had hoped
how
as, like and how
how about ... ?
How do you know?
how far
244
245
245
246
246
248
249
249.
249.1
249.2
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
250
250.1
250.1
250.2, 369.
250.3
252
252.
252.
252.
252.
k/2261
k/1992
k/4206
k/2004
k/2646
k/2016
k/2018
k/2036
k/0887
k/2019
k/1185
k/1726
k/2032
k/2114
k/2116
k/2117
k/2118
k/2482
k/4536
k/2024
k/2026
k/3339
k/2031
k/2030
k/2039
k/0826
k/2050
k/2053
k/2056
and how
how often
how old
the way (= how)
what about ... ?
and how much
how, like and as
like, as and how
how, what and why
and how
why, what and how
how much/many
how-clauses in sentences
and the way
and what ... like
classic and classical
comic and comical
economic and economical
electric and electrical
see also possessives historic and historical
differences
magic and magical
politic and political
-icly and -ically
if
if
after if
were instead of was after if
might meaning 'would perhaps'
252.
252.
252.
252.
252.
252.2
252.3
252.3
252.4
252.4
252.4
252.5
252.6
252.7
253
254.
254.
254.
254.
254.
254.
254.
254.
254.
256-26
257.2
258
258, 264
258.6, 339.
k/2060
k/2061
k/2062
k/4192
k/4537
k/2040
k/2045
k/2490
k/2047
k/4531
k/4629
k/2059
k/2044
k/2041
k/2042
k/1168
k/1199
k/1467
k/1486
k/2015
k/2106
k/2565
k/3248
k/3937
k/2115
k/3340
k/3143
k/4514
k/2606
in sentences with if
in sentences with if
with if(,unreal past')
adverbs of manner and adjectives (happily and happy etc)
meaning 'on condition that'
if I were you
other words with the same meaning
structures in spoken English
will in if-clause
if only
immediately (conjunction)
instant the instant (that)
interrogative pronouns see who, what, which into and in
moment the moment (that)
onto and on
provided/providing (that)
I should meaning 'If I were you, I should'
so long as meaning 'on condition that'
the moment (that)
in ifclauses
if ... was/ were to
if in doubt
after if
had' etc
double negative in sentences with if
if . was/were to
if it was/were not for
if any, ever, necessary, in doubt etc
if so/not
258-259
258-259
259
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
260
261.
261.
261.
261.
261.
261.
261.
261.
261.
k/3726
k/4733
k/3135
k/0549
k/0850
k/2132
k/2137
k/2140
k/2142
k/2146
k/2164
k/2307
k/2325
k/2682
k/3031
k/3419
k/3723
k/3850
k/4188
k/4647
k/0949
k/1421
k/1495
k/1906
k/2120
k/2128
k/2134
k/2144
k/2147
if necessary
should I meaning 'if I should' etc
in if-clauses
if . happen to
if . should
if meaning 'even if'
in it-clauses
various meanings
if ... was to
were to in if-clauses
dropping if
leaving out if
were she meaning 'if she were' etc
if ever
if not
if so
in expressions of doubt
in expressions of doubt
if ... then
if ... then
informal structures with if
in if-clauses Index
imagine (that)
on condition that
I would meaning 'If I were you, I would'
I should meaning 'If I were you, I should'
I would meaning 'If I were you, ] would'
if only
after if only
261.
261.
261.1
261.1
261.1
261.1
261.1
261.10-1
261.2
261.2
261.4,
261.4,
261.5
261.6
261.7
261.7
261.8, 370.
261.8, 370.
261.9
261.9
262
262
263
263
264
264.
264.
265
265
k/2758
k/3731
k/1921
k/2124
k/2126
k/2135
k/3724
k/2141
k/4475
k/4519
k/1500
k/2136
k/4518
k/1569
k/2875
k/3826
k/1416
k/2772
k/2127
k/4204
k/3956
k/4731
k/2161
k/2992
k/4730
k/2098
k/2103
k/3025
k/3144
and sick
sick and ill
imperatives
with be in emphatic imperatives
don't be in negative imperatives
emphatic imperatives
always and never with imperatives
in emphatic imperatives (e.g. Do sit down.)
passive imperatives (e.g. get vaccinated]
after imperatives
in imperatives
position in imperatives
in and into
on and onto
adverbs or adjectives: confusing cases
although and in spite of
in case
indeed
infinitives
questions and answers
tenses
Index in indirect speech
spite in spite of
clean adjective and adverb
costly adjective, not adverb
cowardly adjective, not adverb
daily adjective and adverb
dead and deadly
deadly adjective, not adverb
266
266
268
268.
268.
268.
268.
268.2
268.3
268.6
268.7
268.7
269
269
27
27
27
27
27
27
27
27
27
27.
27.
27.
27.
27.
27.
k/2151
k/3742
k/2165
k/1402
k/1412
k/1520
k/4682
k/1391
k/1834
k/3456
k/0657
k/2798
k/2175
k/2986
k/0550
k/0654
k/1132
k/2221
k/2226
k/2230
k/2234
k/2251
k/3950
k/1171
k/1276
k/1288
k/1303
k/1320
k/1321
direct adjective and adverb

fair adjective and adverb
fine adjective and adverb
flat adjective and adverb
and freely
friendly adjective, not adverb
and lately
leisurely adjective and adverb
lively adjective, not adverb
lonely adjective, not adverb
lovely adjective, not adverb
monthly adjective and adverb
and sharply
silly adjective, not adverb
sound and soundly
straight adjective and adverb
and surely
tight adjective and adverb
ugly adjective, not adverb
adjective, not adverb
weekly adjective and adverb
and widely
yearly adjective and adverb
early adjective and adverb
adjective, not adverb
dead adjective and adverb
easy adjective and adverb
fast adjective and adverb
free adjective and adverb
27.
27.
27.
27.
27.
27.
27.
27.
27.
27.
27.
27.
27.
27.
27.
27.
27.
27.
27.
27.
27.
27.
27.
27.1
27.1
27.2
27.2
27.2
27.2
k/1370
k/1652
k/1702
k/1727
k/1777
k/1780
k/2436
k/2459
k/2517
k/2521
k/2553
k/2688
k/3694
k/3746
k/3907
k/3992
k/4047
k/4272
k/4359
k/4386
k/4497
k/4638
k/4763
k/1451
k/2501
k/1317
k/1459
k/1665
k/1776
hard adjective and adverb

hard and hardly
high adjective and adverb
high and highly
just adjective and adverb
just and justly
late adjective and adverb
loud adjective and adverb
low adjective and adverb
and mostly
pretty adjective and adverb
and prettily
quick adjective and adverb
real adjective and adverb
right adjective and adverb
and rightly
sharp adjective and adverb
Index short adjective and adverb
and shortly
slow adjective and adverb
sound (adjective and adverb)
sure adjective and adverb
wide adjective and adverb
wrong adjective and adverb
adjective forms used as adverbs
ifand in case
+ happen to / should
in case of
after in case
27.2
27.2
27.2
27.2
27.2
27.2
27.2
27.2
27.2
27.2
27.2
27.2
27.2
27.2
27.2
27.2
27.2
27.2
27.2
27.2
27.2
27.2
27.2
27.2
27.4
271
271.
271.
271.2
k/1926
k/1928
k/2001
k/2003
k/2375
k/2376
k/2434
k/2545
k/2554
k/2702
k/3351
k/3352
k/3469
k/3503
k/3580
k/3584
k/3693
k/3710
k/3711
k/3812
k/3906
k/4044
k/4635
k/4752
k/0669
k/2129
k/2188
k/2189
k/1920
after in case
in spite of
very ... indeed
indirect speech
indirect speech
direct and indirect speech
in indirect speech
could in indirect speech
in indirect speech
indirect questions
indirect questions
if in indirect questions
not used in indirect questions
not used in indirect questions
in indirect questions
not used to report questions
tell structures
+ infinitive
offer + infinitive
future progressive promise + infinitive
advise + object + infinitive
+ object + infinitive
how to
what to
where + infinitive
say structures
in indirect speech
sentences with if in indirect speech
I asked how old you are / were etc
271.2
272
273.1
274274.
274.1
275
275.3, 278.
275.3, 278.3
276
276, 27
276.
276.
276.
276.3
276.4
277.1
277.1, 282
277.1, 282
277.1, 282
277.1, 283
277.1, 283
277.2
277.2
277.2
277.3
278.
278.
278.
k/3717
k/2206
k/4439
k/2224
k/3179
k/1372
k/4106
k/1111
k/4732
k/3461
k/4690
k/2133
k/3441
k/3454
k/4576
k/3609
k/4095
k/0599
k/2968
k/3376
k/0560
k/0868
k/2046
k/4528
k/4563
k/3608
k/1904
k/2139
k/2225
modal verbs
negative questions
reporting past tenses with past or past perfect
reporting Shall I ... ?
sentences with if
without reporting verbs
word order with what, which and who
might in indirect speech
word order in indirect questions
word order in indirect questions
in indirect speech
in indirect speech
indirect speech
in indirect speech
in indirect speech
shall I ...? in indirect speech
in indirect speech
infinitives
+ infinitive
afford to . ..
be afraid and fear
cause + object + infinitive
command + object + infinitive
see also comparatives and superlatives compel + object + infinitive
encourage + object + infinitive
fail to . ..
force + object + infinitive
278.
278.
278.
278.
278.
278.
278.
278.
278.
278.
278.3
278.3
278.3
278.3
278.3
278.3, 359.5, 360.
278.4
278.6
279-29
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
k/2227
k/2228
k/2231
k/2232
k/2233
k/2237
k/2238
k/2605
k/4532
k/4586
k/2679
k/2763
k/3062
k/3683
k/3725
k/2729
k/3686
k/2778
k/2239
k/0521
k/0562
k/0567
k/0982
k/1137
k/1200
k/1234
k/1524
k/1651
k/1761
hesitate to
in order to
active and passive infinitive with similar meaning
after adjectives
after nouns and pronouns
after verb + object
forms
perfect infinitive (e.g. to have left)
progressive, perfect, passive and negative infinitives
purpose (e.g. I sat down to rest)
who to ... , what to ... etc
instruct + object + infinitive
invite + object + infinitive
manage to
neglect to
oblige + object + infinitive
order + object + infinitive
persuade + object + infinitive
prepare to
pretend to
request (verb) + object + infinitive
tempt + object + infinitive
warn + object + infinitive
afraid/ hope/ believe not etc
I'm afraid so
I'm afraid meaning 'I'm sorry'
split infinitive
negative infinitives
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28, 369.3, 539.2
28.2
28.2, 157.1
280.
280.
k/1939
k/2000
k/2200
k/2240
k/2241
k/2243
k/2247
k/2249
k/2267
k/2269
k/2270
k/2276
k/2312
k/2333
k/2583
k/2782
k/2939
k/3054
k/3194
k/3291
k/3350
k/3566
k/4102
k/4473
k/2874
k/3827
k/0569
k/2271
k/2774
split infinitive
progressive infinitive (to be doing)
perfect infinitive (to have done)
to
to (infinitive marker)
infinitive without to
+ infinitive without to
+ object + infinitive without to
help + (object +) infinitive
or + infinitive without to
rather than + infinitive without to
appear to
arrange to
ask to
beg to
care to
choose to
decide to
+ infinitive
after verbs
refuse + infinitive
swear + infinitive
280.
280.1
280.2
280.6
280.6
281
281.
281.2
281.2
281.2
281.2
281.2,282, 283
281.4
281.4
281.4
281.4
281.4
281.4
282
282
282
282
282
282
282
282
282
282
282
k/3951
k/3371
k/3157
k/2274
k/4289
k/2257
k/0818
k/1669
k/2408
k/2473
k/2571
k/1985
k/0687
k/1067
k/1623
k/3044
k/3496
k/4128
k/0755
k/0772
k/0870
k/0981
k/1126
k/1159
k/1324
k/2025
k/2246
k/3524
k/4056
verb + infinitive
trouble + (object +) infinitive
expect (+ object) + infinitive
allow + object + infinitive
forbid + object + infinitive
get + object + infinitive
intend + object + infinitive
permit + object + infinitive
recommend + object + infinitive
verb + object + infinitive
careful to
superlative + infinitive
difficult to please etc
enough to after adjective
fit (adjective) + infinitive
happy to
hard to please
after easy, difficult, impossible etc
lucky to
the only ... to
+ infinitive
ready to
282
282282-283
283
283
283
283
283
283
283
283
283
283
283
283
283
283
284.
284.
284.
284.
284.
284.
284.
284.
284.
284.
284.
284.
k/4415
k/4340
k/1635
k/0632
k/1759
k/1828
k/2316
k/2453
k/2551
k/2627
k/2761
k/3170
k/3281
k/3516
k/4086
k/4422
k/4658
k/1128
k/1222
k/1365
k/1540
k/1721
k/1925
k/1929
k/2242
k/2557
k/3030
k/3227
k/3502
stupid to
+ infinitive
anxious to
shocked to
+ infinitive
welcome to . ..
wrong to
the first etc to
the last ... to
easy to please etc
+ infinitive
impossible to
noun + infinitive (e.g. decision to leave)
future meaning (e.g. the life to come)
noun + infinitive + preposition (e.g. afriend to play with)
work to do / to be done etc
to blame
nothing to do and nothing to be done
after modal verbs (e.g. You should have written)
would have liked to have seen etc
was to have been etc
would have liked to have seen etc
I meant to have done it
so as to
+ -ing form
for ... to
special cases
subject, object or complement
a waiting room, a waiting train
284.
284.
284.1
284.1
284.2
284.2
284.2
284.3
284.3
284.4
284.4
284.4
285
285.
285.5
287.
287.
287.3
288.
288.
288.2
288.2
288.2
289.
29
29
29
29
29
k/4005
k/4051
k/0706
k/3705
k/3581
k/4501
k/4756
k/1716
k/2431
k/1462
k/1871
k/2171
k/2902
k/2250
k/2903
k/2904
k/4299
k/2895
k/3158
k/4740
k/0948
k/2495
k/2630
k/3846
k/0522
k/2248
k/2256
k/2273
k/2282
after verbs
as subjects, objects or complements
special cases
terminology
noun + -ing form
+ for ... to
special cases
verb + -ing form
and afterwards
and after
after (adverb) shortly after etc
for ... to
arrange for ... to
common for ... to
delighted for ... to
eager for ... to
+ for ... to
for ... to
mistake for ... to
no need for ... to
normal for ... to
noun + for ... to
plan (noun) for ... to
pointless for ... to
with for ... to etc
probable structures
rare for ... to
reluctant for ... to
request (noun) for ... to
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29.
29.
29.1
291
291.
291.
291.
291.
291.
291.
291.
291.
291.
291.
291.
291.
291.
291.
291.
291.
291.
k/2286
k/2287
k/2293
k/2298
k/2905
k/4416
k/4418
k/4419
k/0571
k/0581
k/0570
k/1739
k/0773
k/1211
k/1332
k/1450
k/1553
k/2172
k/2676
k/2835
k/2868
k/2901
k/3218
k/3238
k/3290
k/3363
k/3486
k/3550
k/3565
right for ... to

shame for ... to
strange for ... to
unimportant for ... to
unnecessary for ... to
vital for ... to
willing for ... to
wrong for ... to
for there to be
+for ... to
anxious for ... to
+ for ... to ...
easy for ... to
good for ... to
it's impossible for ... to etc
structures
+ for ... to
usual for ... to
a good idea for ... to
time for ... to
anything for ... to
after something, anybody etc
nothing for ... to
+ for ... to
ask for ... to
after verbs
hope for ... to
pay for ... to
suit ... for ... to
291.
291.
291.
291.
291.
291.
291.
291.
291.1
291.2,4
291.3
291.3,
291.4
291.4
291.4
291.4
291.4
291.4
291.5
291.5
291.6
291.6
291.6
291.6
291.7
291.7
291.7
291.7
291.7
k/3585
k/3689
k/3993
k/4377
k/4387
k/4450
k/4652
k/4757
k/1744
k/2169
k/0707
k/0520
k/1461
k/1874
k/2353
k/2502
k/2757
k/4410
k/2108
k/4279
k/0737
k/1741
k/2893
k/3882
k/0871
k/1743
k/2028
k/3151
k/4030
take (time) for ... to

+ for. to
after enough
after too
to hear her talk, you'd think, to see them, you'd think etc
perfect, passive and negative -ing forms
negative -ing forms (e.g. not knowing)
-ing forms (being done)
perfect -ing forms (e.g. having slept)
infinitive or -ing form
in progressive verbs: see progressive -ing form or infinitive
gerunds
gerunds
the with -ing forms (e.g. the opening of Parliament)
it's no good ... ing
it as preparatory subject or object
with determiner (e.g. the opening of Parliament, my smoking)
with object (e.g. smoking cigarettes)
me/my smoking etc
my smoking, John's going to sleep etc
I didn't think it worth complaining etc
my smoking)
me/my smoking etc
my/me smoking etc
with -ing forms
is it any use expecting ... ? etc
admit ... ing
avoid .. .ing
burst out crying/ laughing
291.7
291.8
291.8
291.8
292.
293.
293.
293.
293.
293.3
293.3
293-30
293-300
295.
295.
295.
295.
295.
295.
295.
295.
295.3
295.3
295.3,4
295.5
295.5
296.
296.
296.
k/4071
k/1539
k/1740
k/1742
k/4300
k/2296
k/2775
k/3119
k/3159
k/2253
k/2290
k/2288
k/1825
k/0812
k/1875
k/2294
k/2300
k/2301
k/3185
k/3264
k/4723
k/1348
k/2622
k/2741
k/3288
k/4405
k/0543
k/0912
k/1057
can't stand ... ing

contemplate ... ing
delay ... ing
detest .. .ing
endure ... ing
escape .. .ing
excuse ... ing
face ... ing
fancy ... ing
forgive ... ing
give up ... ing
passive meaning (e.g. it needs cleaning)
involve ... ing
keep (on) ... ing
leave off ... ing
mention ... ing
postpone ... ing
practise ... ing
+ object + from + -ing form
propose + infinitive or -ing form
put off ... ing
require + -ing form (passive meaning)
resent ing
resist ing
risk ... ing
spend + object + -ing form
stand (can't) stand ... ing
+ object (+ from) + -ing form
verb + object + -ing form
296.
296.
296.
296.
296.
296.
296.
296.
296.
296.
296.
296.
296.
296.
296.
296.
296.
296.
296.
296.
296.
296.
296.
296.
296.
296.
296.
296.
296.
k/1120
k/1259
k/1331
k/1350
k/1528
k/1546
k/1633
k/1646
k/1657
k/1767
k/1846
k/2295
k/2335
k/2385
k/2457
k/2655
k/3270
k/3276
k/3355
k/3417
k/3446
k/3567
k/3571
k/3572
k/3589
k/3948
k/3970
k/3989
k/4424
appreciate ... ing

consider ... ing
deny ... ing
enjoy ... ing
feel like ... ing
finish ... ing
+ object + -ing form
+ (object -) -ing form
+ (object -r) -ing form
deserve + -ing form with passive meaning
go + infinitive or -ing form
after verbs
after verbs
verb + infinitive or -ing form
after nouns and adjectives
the thought of ... ing
tired of ... ing
good at ... ing
the idea of ... ing
before -ing forms
after prepositions
consent structures
entitled structures
get round to ... ing
in addition to ... ing
inclined structures
to ... ing
object to ... ing
prone structures
296.1
296.1
296.1
296.1
296.1
296.1
296.1
296.1,
296.1,2
296.3
296.4
296.4
296.4
296.4
297
297.
297.
297.1
297.1
298, 45
298, 454
298.
298.
298.
298.
298.
298.
298.
298.
k/0760
k/1253
k/1335
k/1535
k/1674
k/1703
k/4368
k/1383
k/2160
k/1342
k/1849
k/2254
k/2291
k/4417
k/2284
k/4261
k/4285
k/1873
k/2109
k/3297
k/2285
k/1251
k/1543
k/1840
k/2186
k/2218
k/2299
k/2937
k/3381
agree structures
look forward to ... ing
prefer .. .ing to ... ing
to ... ing
+ -ing form or infinitive
go on + -ing form or infinitive
regret + -ing form or infinitive
accustomed + -ing form or infinitive
attempt + -ing form or infinitive
be committed + -ing form or infinitive
(can't) hear + -ing form or infinitive
can't bear + -ing form or infinitive
certain + -ing form or infinitive
committed + -ing form or infinitive
continue + -ing form or infinitive
forget + -ing form or infinitive
remember + -ing form or infinitive
begin + -ing form or infinitive
start + -ing form or infinitive
stop + -ing form or infinitive
with -ing form or infinitive
298.2
298.2
298.2
298.2
299.
299.
299.
299.
299.
299.1
299.1
299.1
299.1
299.1
299.1
299.1
299.1
299.1
299.1
299.10
299.10
299.11
299.12
299.13
299.14
299.15
299.16
299.4
299.4
k/0598
k/2537
k/3282
k/4295
k/0561
k/1760
k/1857
k/2552
k/3531
k/0505
k/0902
k/0951
k/0958
k/1117
k/1142
k/1209
k/1263
k/1765
k/3553
k/0983
k/3972
k/2317
k/3988
k/0568
k/3896
k/4045
k/2321
k/0633
k/3171
watch + -ing form or infinitive

try + -ing form or infinitive
Index teach + -ing form or infinitive
all, everybody and everything
with ages
Note
years old
after (conjunction)
correctness
irregular verbs list of common examples
and it's
it's time
used for future after: after
+ present perfect
with after
with after
after ... ing
instead of and without
and instead of
instead of
instead
verb before subject after as
not until + inversion (auxiliary before subject)
+ inversion (auxiliary before subject)
299.5
299.6
299.7
299.8
299.8
299.9
299.9
3
3
3
3
30
30
30
30
30
30.2
30.2, 580.2
30.3
30.3
30.3
30.4,411.6
301.
301.
301.1,2
301.3
302.
302.
302.
k/4478
k/4344
k/2626
k/2447
k/4085
k/1938
k/3280
k/0618
k/0946
k/3394
k/4764
k/0572
k/1273
k/2338
k/2360
k/2362
k/3333
k/0575
k/0574
k/3161
k/3320
k/0573
k/2311
k/4670
k/2309
k/2308
k/0833
k/2889
k/3488

verb before subject after so
under no circumstances + inversion (auxiliary before subject)
inversion: verb before subject after than
at no time + inversion (auxiliary before subject)
inversion (auxiliary before subject)
never + inversion (auxiliary before subject)
inversion
inversion verb before subject
here comes ... etc
ate AmE pronunciation
dive AIDEforms
drunken
find and found
flow and fly
fly and flow
found and find
gotten
proved or proven
raise and rise
and raise
says pronunciation
shone AmE pronunciation
spit AmE forms
strike and stroke
wind and wound
wound and wind
302.
302.
302.
302.5
302.7
302.7
302.7
302.7
302.7
302-30
302-303
303
304.
304.
304.
304.
304.
304.
304.
304.
304.
304.
304.
304.
304.
304.
304.
304.
304.
k/3654
k/3842
k/4364
k/4131
k/0883
k/1931
k/2511
k/2794
k/3023
k/4692
k/2330
k/1993
k/0898
k/1385
k/1435
k/1700
k/1730
k/1732
k/1773
k/1884
k/3418
k/3485
k/3588
k/3616
k/3709
k/3949
k/4003
k/4654
k/4744
read
irregular verbs
AmE forms
AmE forms
ate, shone in AmE
says
time to
high time
after it's time
it's time you went etc
just (adverb): meanings and tenses
just now meanings and tenses
or simple past with just and just now
dialects and standard English
accents
international English
'received pronunciation'
relative pronouns etc pronunciation accents
'received pronunciation'
kinds of English accents
Index wanna (= want to)
want to ('wanna')
international English
correctness, rules
descriptive and prescriptive rules
see also the entries for particular prepositions prescriptive and descriptive rules
rules prescriptive and descriptive rules
304.1
304.3
304.3
304.3
304.3
304.3
306
306.
306.2
306.2
307
307.
307.2,3
308
308, 309.
308, 309.
308.
308.
308.
308.3
308.3
308.4
308.4, 613.
308.4, 613.4
308.7
309
309.
309.
309.
k/3406
k/0674
k/1723
k/1827
k/3392
k/3407
k/4278
k/2007
k/3145
k/4281
k/2377
k/2383
k/3316
k/2403
k/1353
k/3971
k/0499
k/2323
k/3511
k/3384
k/3387
k/2398
k/4463
k/3410
k/2401
k/2399
k/1341
k/3308
k/3598
in dialects
in dialects
me in double subjects (e.g. John and me went)
changes in English
fewest and least
informal and formal language
variation and change
later and in
latest, last and the last
lay and lie
leaving out words see ellipsis left (= remaining)
lie and lay
spoken and written English
written and spoken English
after all
and finally
and after all
spoken and written English
Index formal and informal language
formality
ages in/for ages
antique shop and antiques shop
more replacing -er
fill in/out
I got instead of I've got
on/at uieekends
will replacing shall
would replacing should
weekends atlon weekends
309.2
309.2
309.3
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31, 157.19
31.
31.2
310
311
311
312.
312.
312.
312.
312.
312.
312.
312.
312.
k/1415
k/2771
k/2087
k/1152
k/1691
k/2277
k/2404
k/2439
k/2440
k/2443
k/2458
k/2483
k/3952
k/4748
k/0578
k/0579
k/1696
k/2402
k/1768
k/2400
k/0591
k/0704
k/1219
k/1693
k/1952
k/2991
k/3688
k/3735
k/4496
you folks/guys
youfollcs/guys
between you and I etc
I in double objects (e.g. between you and I)
between ... to
at/on weekends
less + plural (e.g. less people)
meet (with)
antique shop or antiques shop
speak to/with
was replacing were (e.g. if I was)
was replacing were (e.g. if I was)
replacing shall
replacing should
know structures and tenses
find out and know
I know and I know it
and know about!of
and find out
last, the last and the latest
last three etc
and later
learn to and learn how to
learn forms
least and fewest
not in the least
at least
312.1, 429.8
312.1,429.8
312.6, 429.
312.6, page 63
312.7
312.8
312.8
312.9
312.9
312.9
312.9
312.9
312.9
312.9
312.9
312.9
313
313.
313.
313.4
313.5
314
314.
315
317.
317.1
318
318.
318.6
k/4773
k/3192
k/1012
k/2083
k/1011
k/1832
k/1882
k/0886
k/2467
k/2650
k/2908
k/3915
k/4474
k/4517
k/4648
k/4735
k/2407
k/1701
k/2095
k/2411
k/2410
k/2429
k/2432
k/2182
k/2448
k/2446
k/2450
k/2886
k/0894
at least
age
preposition
as (similarity, function) and like
at ... age
structures with let
lest
link verbs
with lest
fewer of
less of
lesser
fewer and less
less and fewer
less and fewer
let
let structures
let's
let's see, let me see, let me think
let him etc (third-person imperative)
life countable or uncountable
like (verb) structures and meanings
if you like
would like
if you like
like (similarity, function)
replacing subjects, objects and complements (e.g. as happened yesterday, as follows, as was agreed, as you know)
likely
unlikely
318.6, 157.7,1
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
320.
320.
320.
320.1
320.1
320.2
322
322
323
323.
323.3
324
325
325.
325.6
325.7
326
326.5, 58
327
327
k/2451
k/0583
k/0586
k/0817
k/0880
k/2167
k/2471
k/2504
k/4010
k/1690
k/2468
k/2470
k/1689
k/2466
k/2954
k/2262
k/2472
k/2476
k/2478
k/2475
k/2484
k/2494
k/2148
k/4738
k/2496
k/2487
k/0832
k/2500
k/4385
after link verbs (be, seem, look etc)

after sit, stand, lie, fall etc
a few, few and (a) little
a little, little and (a) few
few, a few and (a) little
little (determiner), a little and (a) few
with of
with of
few of
little of
(a) little and (a) few
a long time and long
ago
aloud and loudly
with make
divorce and get divorced
for a long time and long
get married!divorced
long and (for) a long time
lose and loose
loudly and aloud
made of!from!with
chances etc
word order
tenses
and for
for and ago
and before
and ago
328.
328.
329
329
329
329
329.
329.2
329.2
329.2
329.2
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33.
33.2
33.3
33.3
33.4
33.4
k/0525
k/0526
k/0477
k/0482
k/1685
k/2510
k/0478
k/0483
k/1686
k/2513
k/2945
k/0485
k/0592
k/0642
k/1136
k/1388
k/1756
k/1838
k/2525
k/2541
k/2547
k/2564
k/2599
k/0597
k/0596
k/0594
k/1750
k/0593
k/0971
How long are you here for? and How long have you been here for?
look link verb and ordinary verb
fetch, look for and look after
look after, look for and fetch
look for, look after and fetch
not followed by i{
a great deal
a large amount/number
deal a great deal
plenty
a lot, lots
lots, a lot
amount with uncountables
number a large number
majority the majority
the majority
make
make causative structures
make oneself heard
make oneself heard/ understood
make oneself understood
make somebody welcome, happy etc
made oftfroml uiith
get married
may and might
can't and may/might not
may/might not and can't
the difference between may and might
may/might have done
330.
331
331.
331.
331.
331.3
333.
333.
333.
333.
333.2
333.2
333.4
333.4
333.5
333.5
335
335
335.2
335.2
335.2
335.3
336
337
338-34
339.
339.
339.
339.8,9,259.
k/2058
k/2527
k/1684
k/2532
k/2536
k/2529
k/0479
k/0481
k/1323
k/3228
k/0487
k/2542
k/0681
k/2928
k/2566
k/4184
k/2263
k/2569
k/1974
k/2574
k/4371
k/2575
k/2572
k/2590
k/2598
k/1104
k/2604
k/2610
k/2603
alike
can/could and may/might
Index dinner, lunch and supper
lunch and dinner
may in wishes and hopes
may/might as well
permission
requests, suggestions and criticisms
the differences between may/might and cant could
and maybe
superlatives see comparatives and superlatives supper and dinner
tea (afternoon meal)
may/ might ... but
may/might as well
and perhaps
see also personal pronouns Index meals
high tea
names of meals
mean (verb)
What do you mean?
meaning and opinion
structure of questions
and think
I mean (discourse marker)
I mean (discourse marker)
means
by all/any/no means
by all! any/ no means
'unmarked' use
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
342
343
346
347
347.
347.2
348
348.
348.
348.1
348.2
348.4, 157.15-1
348.4, 157.15-16
349
349.
349.2
35
k/0610
k/1098
k/1369
k/2559
k/2601
k/2602
k/2608
k/2609
k/2611
k/3166
k/4037
k/4084
k/1064
k/0862
k/2613
k/2623
k/2006
k/0676
k/2625
k/2633
k/2634
k/2632
k/2628
k/2096
k/2629
k/2635
k/1080
k/2636
k/0587
heavy 'unmarked' use

see also much 'marked' and 'unmarked' adjectives and nouns in measurements
mind (verb) meaning, use and structures
miss (verb) meanings and structures
35
35
35
35
deduction (concluding that something is certain)

'unmarked' use
and both
and all
length 'unmarked' use
measurement 'marked' and 'unmarked' forms
tall 'unmarked' use
do you mind ... ?
Would you mind ... ?
after mind
missing (adjective)
modal auxiliary verbs grammar and meanings
all
more (determiner)
more of
more
one/two more etc
more (adverb)
most
(the) most as adverb
mostly
most of
most
meaning 'very'
35
35
35.1
35.1
350
350
350
351.
351.
351.3
352.
353-354
35-4
355
355.1,2
355.2
355.4
355.5
356
356.
356.
356.1,2
356.2
356.7
k/1978
k/2587
k/2666
k/2674
a
k/2728
k/2979
k/0615
k/1036
k/2463
k/2643
k/4079
k/1405
k/4743
k/2283
k/2675
k/2678
k/0613
k/2692
k/2693
k/2955
k/3013
k/2689
k/2700
k/2705
k/2706
k/2701
k/2956
k/2704
many and much

much and many
much/many of
much and many
as much/many
much as an adverb
very much
pronunciation
must
must
can have done in questions
can't and mustn't
can't have done
past use of must
must have done/ been etc
mustn't and can't
can't and mustn't
don't have to, needn't and mustn't
mustn't, needn't and don't/doesn't have to
needn't, mustn't and don't have to
and should
and must
American used for United States citizens and affairs
Arab, Arabic and Arabian
Brit
see also American-British differences Briton
in negative sentences
necessity and obligation
names English versions of place names, classical names etc
357
357
357.2,3
357.3
357.6
357.7
357.7, 611
358.
358.1f
358-36
359.
359.
359.
359.
359.
359.
359.2
359.3, 360.
359.3, 360.
359.3, 360.4,366.7
359.6, 360.
359.6, 360.7
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
k/2586
k/2713
k/2716
k/2957
k/0851
k/2718
k/4442
k/2739
k/3401
k/2725
k/1100
k/1105
k/1106
k/2229
k/2730
k/2735
k/0671
k/1945
k/2737
k/2764
k/2727
k/3720
k/0663
k/0763
k/1047
k/1051
k/2163
k/2738
k/2744
names and titles (e.g. Peter, Mr Lewis)

nationalities nouns and adjectives (e.g. Ireland, Irish, an Irishman/ woman, the Irish)
near to
basic rules
think, seem etc in negative structures
English versions
Scottish and Scotch
dropping the after all
all and all of
all
all day/week etc
dropped after all and both
and not all
not all
had to do and must have done
future: have (got) to, will have to and must
and have (got) to
must have done and had to do
must, will have to and have (got) to (future obligation)
mustn't in ArnE
will have to, have (got) to (future obligation)
have to and must
and must
classical names English versions
titles and names (e.g. Mr Leuiis, Peter)
Dr
madam
professor
Mr, Mrs, Ms
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36.
36.1
36.1
36.5
36.5, 70.5
36.6
36.6
361.
361.
361.
361.
361.
361.
361.
361.1
361.1
362.
363
363.
363.
363.
363.
k/2745
k/2746
k/2750
k/2769
k/2781
k/3217
k/3625
k/1504
k/0614
k/2946
k/0624
k/4161
k/2821
k/2876
k/1908
k/1950
k/2726
k/2731
k/2734
k/2736
k/4651
k/0673
k/1949
k/1169
k/4286
k/1424
k/2563
k/3365
k/3941
Miss
Mr, Mrs and Ms
surnames use
see also separate entries for particular words sir
doctor
Mr, Mrs, Ms
national adjectives (Italian etc)
Scot
national adjectives (Italian etc)
need (verb) forms and use
must not and need not
needn't have and didn't need to
need never + infinitive
negative imperatives (e.g. don't worry)
not used with do
negative structures
in negatives
negative questions
negative questions
yes and no in answers
in answers to negative questions
in answers to negative questions
happen in negative sentences
I don't think!believe etc so
don't think so / think not
363.1c
363.1c, 222.
363.1d
363.2
363.2,
363.3
364
364
364
366
366.
366.6
366.6
367.
367.5
367-37
367-371
368
368
368.
368.
368.4, 634.
369
369
369.
369.
369.3
369.3
369.4
k/2674
k/2712
k/4050
k/3802
k/1406
k/3400
k/1123
k/3624
k/3928
k/2760
k/2732
k/2762
k/2765
k/2773
k/2796
k/2767
k/1392
k/2776
k/3462
k/2779
k/2819
k/4766
k/0989
k/4039
k/1923
k/2318
k/3824
k/4233
k/0753
any more and anymore
not any, no and none
doubt (noun) no doubt
not ... either, neither and nor
nearest, next and the next
ambiguous sentences
neither, nor and not ... either
no longer, not any more and no more
no more, not any more and no longer
nor, neither and not ... either
not any more, no more and no longer
double negatives
double negatives
and not anybody
and not anything
and not anyone
and not anywhere
nor and or
and nor
neither (determiner)
pronunciation
neither of
neither
neither of
neither
neither ... nor
369.4
369.4
369.4
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
370
370
370.2
370.2
370.2, 376.6
370.2, 376.6
370.5
370.5
372
372.
372.1,2
372.2
372.2
372.4
373
k/1637
k/3647
k/4465
k/0718
k/0726
k/1418
k/1477
k/2751
k/2768
k/2786
k/2829
k/2834
k/2866
k/2882
k/1414
k/2770
k/2845
k/2892
k/2838
k/2925
k/2864
k/3045
k/2787
k/2791
k/2788
k/2958
k/3796
k/3402
k/2785
neither ... nor

neither ... nor
not ... either, neither and nor
me neither, me either
next, the next and the nearest
next three etc
next Sunday two possible meanings
no, none and not any
none, no and not any
not any, no and none
none
neither, no and none
no (determiner) and neither
non-assertive words see nonaffirmative words non-defining relative clauses see identifying and non-identifying relative clauses none and neither
no doubt
no matter how
matter (noun) no matter who/what etc
no matter who, what etc
no matter what
no matter when
no matter where
no matter which
no matter who
no matter whose
and no matter how
see also preparatory it it doesn't matter and no matter
it doesn't matter and no matter
no matter what with no following verb
and no matter where
373
373
374
374.2
375
375.2
375.3
376
376
376
376.2
376.5
376.5
376.5
377
378
378
378
378
378
378
378
378
378
378.
378.
378.
378.
378.
k/2865
k/3797
k/2878
k/2619
k/2808
k/2810
k/2809
k/2824
k/2855
k/2877
k/2959
k/2790
k/2820
k/2851
k/2826
k/2048
k/2595
k/2830
k/4534
k/4554
k/4566
k/4582
k/4604
k/4624
k/2068
k/2355
k/2594
k/2833
k/4573
and no matter which

and whoever, whatever etc
and no matter what
and no matter when
and no matter who
no matter and it doesn't matter
no more and not any more
non-affirmative word
and all
and all
and all
non-affirmative words (e.g. any, ever, yet)
not only ... but also
noun complementation what can follow a noun?
now (that)
nowadays
and none
and no one
non-affirmative words
non-affirmative word
yet non-affirmative word
and not
not and no
what can follow a noun?
noun + noun expressions (e.g. bathroom, living-room, furniture shop)
noun + noun (e.g. a shoe shop)
article dropped
378.
378.2
378.2
378.2
378.2
378.3
379
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
380
380
381
381
381
382
382
383
383
384
385.
385.2, 53
385.3
k/4590
k/2831
k/4545
k/4561
k/4611
k/2832
k/2690
k/0725
k/1596
k/1604
k/1612
k/2850
k/2887
k/2917
k/2921
k/2923
k/2837
k/2853
k/0731
k/1570
k/4767
k/2822
k/2873
k/0649
k/3026
k/1236
k/3942
k/3778
k/2909
stress
in noun + noun structures
noun + noun
noun + noun or preposition structure
gold and golden
lead and leaden
silk and silken
stone and stony
a fiue-litre can etc
a five-litre can etc
a five-litre can etc
a three-mile walk etc
noun + noun (e.g. a doll house)
with noun + noun (e.g. children's clothes)
structure with possessive's (e.g. children's clothes, cow's milk)
number see singular and plural numbers
centuries numbering
first floor etc
floors first floor etc
ground floor etc
love meaning 'zero'
nil
nought
Roman numbers (T, tt, III etc)
telephone numbers
zero
acre
areas
a and one in numbers
385.6
385.6, 386.9
385-386
386
386.
386.
386.
386.
386.5
386.5
386.5
386.5, 389.1
386.6
386.6
386.6389
389.
389.
389.
389.
389.
389.
389.
389.
389.
389.
389.1
389.1
389.1
k/2912
k/3999
k/2906
k/2911
k/1863
k/2444
k/3745
k/3986
k/2644
k/2907
k/2932
k/3768
k/0677
k/3256
k/2913
k/2931
k/1141
k/1718
k/1729
k/1893
k/2549
k/2816
k/2900
k/3591
k/4091
k/4790
k/0507
k/0766
k/0782
and billions
cent
cubic metre etc
dime
dollar
dozen and dozens
six foot/feet etc
gallon BrE and AmE
and hundreds
inch
foot, inch etc
metre etc
might see may mile
and millions
nickel
ounce
pint BrE and AmE
pound (English money)
pound (weight)
quarter (American money)
hundred and hundreds etc
numbers (forty-one etc)
square foot, mile etc
stone (British measure of weight)
thousand(s)
volume
yard (measurements)
decimals
fractions
389.1
389.1
389.1
389.1
389.1
389.1
389.1
389.1
389.1
389.1
389.1
389.1
389.1
389.1
389.1
389.1
389.1
389.1
389.1
389.1
389.1
389.1
389.1
389.1
389.1
389.1
389.1
389.1389.1-
k/1018
k/1138
k/1298
k/1368
k/1409
k/1423
k/1736
k/1817
k/2070
k/2216
k/2648
k/2657
k/2661
k/2664
k/2814
k/3066
k/3209
k/3272
k/3273
k/3449
k/3774
k/3936
k/3967
k/3987
k/4263
k/4454
k/4760
k/1326
k/1774
in numbers
in numbers
in numbers
in numbers
in numbers
a and one in numbers
hundred and a hundred
million (a) million
one and a in numbers
thousand (a) thousand
billion
money notes, coins and amounts
foot (measure)
miles an hour etc
mph (= miles per hour)
fractions and decimals
miles per hour)
fractions and decimals
miles an hour etc
spoken calculations
calculations in speech
first and one, second and two etc
one and first, two and second etc
and every
art older English form of are
at once
course of course
and all
in older English
389.1,10
389.1,10
389.10
389.10
389.10
389.11
389.11
389.11
389.11
389.11
389.14
389.16,17
389.18
389.2
389.2
389.2
389.2
389.2,
389.20
389.22,23
389.22-2
389.7
389.7
39
39
39
39
39
39
k/1794
k/3437
k/0691
k/1204
k/3431
k/0462
k/2069
k/2663
k/3009
k/4262
k/1017
k/2684
k/1735
k/0815
k/2711
k/2952
k/3156
k/3771
k/0469
k/3961
k/1089
k/1714
k/3011
k/0616
k/0778
k/0896
k/1284
k/1580
k/2331
older English verb forms

once (conjunction)
one of
one, ones (substitute word)
one day and once
open (adjective) and opened
nouns and verbs after one of
thee
they, one and you (indefinite pronouns)
thine
see also that thou
thy
verb forms in older English
wert older English form of were
in older English
(older English)
all day and every day etc
every day and all day etc
of course
often
often
in older English
in older English
once (adverb) and one day
at once
sometime and once
another one
and either one
neither one
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39.
39.4
390
391
391
392
392
393
393
393
395.5
395.5
395.5
k/2980
k/3008
k/3014
k/3015
k/3020
k/3032
k/3779
k/4195
k/4225
k/4228
k/4253
k/4271
k/4426
k/4521
k/4689
k/4762
k/0625
k/1585
k/2965
k/2972
k/3403
k/4009
k/4107
k/3005
k/3006
k/3884
k/0699
k/1480
k/2789
that one
this one
which one
that/ those of
one, you and they (indefinite personal pronouns)
you, one and they (indefinite personal pronouns)
only use and position
only todayetc
and whole
and alright
almost, nearly and practically
alone, lonely, lonesome and lone
along and through
Index alternately and alternatively
lone, alone, lonely and lonesome
permit, allow and let
practically, almost and nearly
facing, opposite and in front of
opportunity and possibility
opposite (preposition), facing and in front of
out and out of
paragraphs
part without a
active and passive participles
possibility and opportunity
whole and all
whole
the whole of
opposite (adjective) position
395.5
395.5
395.5
395.7
396
396
398
398.4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40.
40.5
401
k/4144
k/4244
k/4580
k/4146
k/3016
k/4777
k/3022
k/3027
k/0617
k/0628
k/0638
k/0640
k/0641
k/0651
k/2520
k/3172
k/3275
k/1647
k/3039
k/3043
k/3072
k/3092
k/3097
k/3099
k/3265
k/4613
k/2962
k/4614
k/3040
front in front of, facing and opposite

in front of, facing and opposite
in the front of
ought
question and negative forms
and should
and ought
ought to have done
position with ought to
own
on one's own
written English paragraphs
-ing forms
participles t-ing and -ed forms)
-ed and -ing forms (participles)
present participles
arrived active past participle
bored and boring etc
camped active past participle
collapsed active past participle
conditional structures see if conditional verb forms see would confused and confusing etc
developed active past participle
escaped active past participle
excited and exciting etc
fallen active past participle
active past participle
increased active past participle
interested and interesting etc
recovered active past participle
402
402
402.
403
403.1,
403.2
403.2
403.5
403.6
405
405.
406
408-11,293-30
408-41
408-411
408-411, 30
409.
409.
409.
409.
409.
409.
409.
409.
409.
409.
409.
409.
409.
k/1786
k/2192
k/1787
k/3058
k/3065
k/3060
k/3721
k/3064
k/0554
k/3083
k/2997
k/4749
k/2281
k/3098
k/1469
k/2297
k/0775
k/1032
k/1094
k/1182
k/1246
k/1351
k/1547
k/1629
k/1655
k/1708
k/2220
k/2322
k/3518
stopped active past participle

swollen active past participle
vanished active past participle
well-read active past participle
advanced active past participle
faded active past participle
grown up active past participle
retired active past participle
gone active past participle
agent in passive structures
elect she was elected President etc
passive structures
participle clauses
used as adjectives
by + agent
he is believed to be ...
Index he was considered a genius
it was thought that ...
list of structures and verb forms
verbs with prepositions
when do we use passive structures?
prepositional verbs in passive structures
in passive
he was seen as
in passive
passive structures
in passive
passive (e.g. She was elected President)
409.
409.
409.
409.
409.3,
409.3,
409.3,
409.3,
409.4
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
k/3990
k/4060
k/4414
k/4511
k/0545
k/1650
k/1897
k/3576
k/1864
k/0590
k/1485
k/2462
k/3103
k/3107
k/3114
k/3116
k/3117
k/3120
k/3121
k/3127
k/3128
k/3129
k/3305
k/3528
k/3641
k/3661
k/3739
k/4028
k/4421
passive (e.g. He is believed to be ... )

verbs with prepositions passive structures
in passive
admired much admired
adopted position and meaning
amused very/much amused
annoyed by/with
compound adjectives with participles (e.g quick-growing, home-made)
concerned position and meaning
covered in
filled with
velY frightened
involved position and meaning
well known
mistaken (very) much mistaken
after nouns (e.g. the people questioned)
past participles with by or other prepositions
past participles with very and much
rotten
very shocked
shrunken
sunken
very surprised
compounds like English-speaking
participles after nouns (e.g. the people questionedi
those questioned/ selected etc
much and velY with past participles
very and much with past participles
by or other prepositions after past participles
41
41
41
410.
410.
410.
410.
410.
410.
410.
410.
410.
410.
410.
410.
410.
410.
410.
410.
410.
410.
410.
410.
410.
410.
410.2
410.4
410.4
410.5
k/4423
k/4430
k/4432
k/0542
k/0544
k/0683
k/0696
k/1239
k/1243
k/1287
k/1694
k/1782
k/2336
k/2418
k/2677
k/3101
k/3104
k/3105
k/3593
k/3708
k/3740
k/4035
k/4053
k/4684
k/4694
k/4252
k/2717
k/4440
k/1075
excited by/about
frightened by/of
known to
by/at
surprised by/at
as ing
'dangling' (misrelated) participles
'hanging' (misrelated) participles
with past participle (e.g. if asked)
misrelated participles
on ... ing
after conjunctions and prepositions (e.g. after talking to you)
misrelated participles
while ... ing
before ... ing
if ... ing
in spite of ... ing
instead of ... ing
since ... ing
+ past participle (e.g. until cooked)
when ... ing
without ... ing
find + object + ... ing
no passive
not used in passive
not used in passive
verbs not used in passive
passive (has been done)
no passive
410.5
410.5
410.5
410.5
410.5
411.
411.
411.
411.
411.
411.
411.
411.
411.
411.6
411.6
411.6
411.6
411.6
411.6
411.6
411.6
411.7
412.
412.
412.
412.
412.
412.
k/1628
k/1781
k/2417
k/3706
k/4052
k/0822
k/1305
k/1918
k/2143
k/2673
k/2984
k/3100
k/3102
k/4595
k/0978
k/2125
k/2207
k/2310
k/3762
k/4389
k/4555
k/4668
k/1698
k/1725
k/1954
k/2421
k/3126
k/3317
k/3570
passive (is being done)

passive forms
suit no passive
passives
in passive
reasons for using passives
meaning and grammar not the same
reasons for using passives
passive structures
in passive
passive structures
in passive
passive structures
passive structures
passive structures
listen to: passive structure
passive structure
passive structure
steal ... from passive structure
in passive
in passives (it was thought that, it was decided to etc)
it was decided to
it was felt that
passive structures (he is said to be, there was said to be, it is said that)
it was agreed to ...
I was allowed to
she was chosen to be
it is considered to be etc
he was helped to
412.3
412.3
412.4
412-42
413
414
414.
414.2415
415
415
415
415
415
415, 418.1
416.
416.
416.
416.
416.2
417
417.
417.1
417.1, 418.2,4
417.2
418.
418.
418.
418.
k/3327
k/4108
k/4029
k/3113
k/1073
k/3670
k/3122
k/2279
k/1642
k/1843
k/2969
k/3150
k/3379
k/3525
k/4098
k/2507
k/2535
k/3737
k/3980
k/4268
k/3289
k/1325
k/1676
k/3611
k/0602
k/0635
k/1160
k/1256
k/1986
presume there are presumed to be

report there are reported to be ...
there is thought to be
there are thought to be
there is understood to be
want to not possible in passive
passive structure (I was asked to)
he is believed to be
passive (she is known to be ... )
he is thought to be
it was thought that
he was heard to
she was seen to
passive (he was made to ... , it has been made beautiful)
there are felt to be
like to: no passive
passive (e.g. she was called stupid)
he was considered a genius etc
allow, permit and let
let, allow and permit
my suitcase is packed
simple past
simple past forms, spelling, pronunciation and use
pronunciation
-ed
past progressive forms and use
difference between past progressive and simple past
or past progressive
past progressive use (e.g.John was saying)
418.
418.
418.
418.
418.
418.
418.1
418.2
418.2
418.2
418.2
418.3
418.3
418.3, 419
418.4
418.6
419
419
42
42
42
42
421
421, 1
421.2
422
422.3422.3-6
422.7
k/3349
k/3563
k/4216
k/4239
k/4373
k/4470
k/0872
k/0990
k/2414
k/4237
k/4238
k/1975
k/3636
k/2576
k/1681
k/2497
k/1092
k/1255
k/0634
k/2474
k/3123
k/3944
k/3749
k/1470
k/3395
k/3138
k/3139
k/3750
k/3610
past continuous see past progressive past participles see participles past perfect
+ past or past perfect
+ simple past or past perfect
with simple past or past perfect
or simple past with after, as soon as etc
or past perfect with after, as soon as etc
when with simple past or past perfect
progressive
simple and progressive: the differences
past verb form with present or future meaning
past tense instead of would after conjunctions
perfect tenses
it used to identify (e.g.It's John)
we women, you men etc
we women, you men etc
you men etc
I and me, she and her etc: the differences
I and me, she and her ete: the differences
after be
in double subjects (e.g. John and me went)
me, him, her etc in double subjects (e.g. John and me went)
referring to nothing
referring to the situation
it referring to nothing, the situation, time, weather, temperature, distances
referring to time, weather, temperature and distances
used to identify (e.g. It's John)
personal pronouns
he (personal pronoun)
her (personal pronoun)
423-425
424.
424.
424.
424.1
424.1
424.1
425
425.4
426
426.1
427
428.
428.1
428.10
428.10
428.2, 42
428.2, 429
428.3
428.3, 429.1
428.3,429.
428.7
428.7
428.7,
428.8
428.9
428-42
428-429
428-429
k/3130
k/0576
k/0855
k/3007
k/3131
k/3753
k/4549
k/3132
k/3133
k/3141
k/4734
k/3160
k/3181
k/3190
k/4490
k/4776
k/3177
k/2082
k/2617
k/2618
k/3183
k/2347
k/2348
k/3180
k/2349
k/2350
k/3174
k/1960
k/1987
him (personal pronoun)

I, me ete (personal pronouns)
it personal pronoun
me (personal pronoun)
she
them
they
you
us
we
before personal pronouns (e.g. Poor youh
me, him etc after except
after adjectives (e.g. Poor youli
he/she who
I in double objects (e.g. between you and I)
it was me that ... / it was I who. etc
me or I etc after as, than, but, except
us meaning 'me'
us women etc
we: inclusive and exclusive
y'all (AmE dialect form of plural you)
youse (dialect form of plural you)
us women etc
me, him etc after but
me or I etc after as, than, but and except
it was me that / it was I who etc
inclusive and exclusive meanings
meaning 'me'
428-429
428-429
428-429
428-429
428-429
428-429
428-429
428-429
428-9
428-9
429.
429.
429.
429.
429.
429.
429.
429.
429.
429.
429.
429.
429.1
429.1
429.2
429.2
429.3
429.5
429.6
k/2008
k/2078
k/2345
k/2616
k/3696
k/4199
k/4223
k/4772
k/4399
k/4487
k/0527
k/1627
k/3175
k/3176
k/3178
k/3182
k/3184
k/3188
k/3189
k/3191
k/4759
k/4788
k/2084
k/4401
k/1068
k/2620
k/2351
k/4488
k/4400
ye (dialect form of plural you)

ye, yiz, y'all etc (dialect plurals of you)
older and dialect singular and plural forms of you
he/she who
he/she who
from my point of view and in my opinion
group- and piece-words
and from my point of view
nearly, almost and practically
not a grain/breath/scrap etc
opinion and point of view
piece- and group-words
Index please and thank you
and opinion
questions as requests
and policy
hardly any
hardly ever!any etc
not used with never etc
bunch
flock
possessives herd
item of information etc
loaf of bread
pair
piece
set of cutlery etc
sheet of paper, grain of sand etc
bit
429.8
429.8
429.8, 39
429.9
429.9
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43.
43.3
43.3
430.
430.
430.
430.
430.
430.
430.
430.
430.
430.1
k/4761
k/4774
k/3193
k/1963
k/4602
k/1785
k/1895
k/2197
k/2753
k/2881
k/3038
k/3208
k/3224
k/3237
k/3247
k/3250
k/0723
k/1932
k/2754
k/1056
k/1728
k/1991
k/2358
k/2518
k/3087
k/3207
k/3678
k/3701
k/1020
a place to live etc

act and play
game and play
play (noun) and game
play and act
please and thank you
thank you, thanks
No problem reply to thanks
reply to thanks
That's all right / OK (reply to thanks etc)
You're welcome
in polite requests
politeness
distancing verb forms
could making questions etc less direct
future forms in polite instructions etc (e.g. You'll need to ... )
might making questions etc less direct
used to make questions etc less direct
wonder I wondered / was wondering in polite requests
in polite requests, questions etc
in polite requests, questions etc
used to make questions etc less direct
softening expressions
I think I'll (softening expression)
softening expression
431
432.
432.
432.
432.
433
433.3
433.5, 545.1
433.5, 545.1
433.5, 545.1
433.5, 545.1
435.1
435-7
436
436.
436.
436.
436.
436.1,
436.1, 426.
436.2
436.4
437
437.
437.
437.
437.
437.1
437.1
k/3213
k/0510
k/1818
k/3221
k/3223
k/3245
k/4138
k/2840
k/2884
k/4159
k/4780
k/3466
k/3243
k/3244
k/1114
k/1803
k/2607
k/2680
k/4675
k/3147
k/3368
k/4736
k/3246
k/2101
k/2395
k/2614
k/3475
k/0474
k/3497
noun + 's forms
possessive's
possessive's
noun + 's
possessives
accuse preposition
preposition
angry preposition
apologise preposition
preposition
blue with cold etc
clever preposition
congratulate and congratulations preposition
crash preposition
depend/ dependent preposition
details preposition
die preposition
disappointed preposition
discussion preposition
dream preposition
dress(ed) preposition
drive preposition
preposition
fight preposition
hers
preposition
impressed preposition
indefinite pronouns see somebody, anybody, you etc independence and independent prepositions
437.3
439
439.2
439-440
439-440
439-443
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
k/4739
k/2914
k/3405
k/3254
k/3263
k/3259
k/0503
k/0604
k/0695
k/0747
k/0994
k/1028
k/1174
k/1247
k/1292
k/1338
k/1345
k/1356
k/1378
k/1381
k/1427
k/1431
k/1433
k/1643
k/1692
k/1998
k/2152
k/2173
k/2222
preposition
lack (noun) preposition
laugh preposition
marriage preposition
a friend of mine etc
operate preposition
ours
polite preposition
prefixes
after particular words and expressions
intonation proof preposition
responsible and responsibility preposition
rude preposition
run into
search preposition
smile preposition
suffer preposition
suffixes
take part preposition
theirs
translate preposition
typical preposition
yours
use
or preposition structure
noun + noun with ofor 's
or preposition structure
(possessive)
his (e.g. his house)
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
440
440.1,
440.1,
440.1,
441
441
k/2305
k/2422
k/2442
k/2588
k/2669
k/3035
k/3069
k/3242
k/3284
k/3293
k/3414
k/3573
k/3596
k/3599
k/3629
k/3818
k/4024
k/4025
k/4075
k/4198
k/4330
k/4358
k/4785
k/2915
k/2916
k/2963
k/3258
k/1988
k/2012
its
my, your etc
our
my, your etc
their
your
the instead of possessive (e.g. hit him on the arm)
one's
distributive plural (e.g. they opened their books)
whose (possessive question word)
(e.g. it's his)
mine, yours etc
mine, yours etc
a friend of mine etc
prefer structures
see also articles a- (prefix)
-able (suffix)
-age (suffix)
-ance, -ancy (suffixes)
Angloante- (prefix)
anti- (prefix)
Note e arch- (prefix)
-ate (suffix)
-ation (suffix)
Index auto- (prefix)
bi- (prefix)
cent(i)- (prefix)
-centric (suffix)
441
441
441
441
441
441
441.
441.
441.
441.2, 626
442
442
442
443
444
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
k/2359
k/2740
k/3067
k/3262
k/4196
k/4782
k/0808
k/3017
k/3770
k/4621
k/2013
k/2668
k/3261
k/3260
k/3279
k/0472
k/0494
k/0588
k/0685
k/0694
k/0702
k/0703
k/0764
k/0899
k/0901
k/0906
k/1013
k/1139
k/1140
eo- (prefix)
counter- (prefix)
cyber- (prefix)
de- (prefix)
dis- (prefix)
e- (prefix)
eco- (prefix)
-ee (suffix)
en- (prefix)
-en (suffix)
-ence, -ency (suffixes)
-er (suffix)
-ese (suffix)
-ess [suffix)
-ette (suffix)
Euro- (prefix)
ex- (prefix)
extra- (prefix)
fore- (prefix)
genitive see possessive geo- (prefix)
-hood (suffix)
hyper- (prefix)
-(i)an (suffix)
-ify (suffix)
ill- (prefix)
im- (prefix)
in- (prefix)
-ing (suffix)
inter- (prefix)
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
k/1179
k/1280
k/1302
k/1316
k/1376
k/1441
k/1466
k/1472
k/1521
k/1522
k/1523
k/1545
k/1548
k/1551
k/1554
k/1556
k/1619
k/1645
k/1762
k/1822
k/2023
k/2075
k/2104
k/2149
k/2153
k/2158
k/2215
k/2302
k/2319
-ish (suffix)
-ism (suffix)
-ist (suffix)
-ity (suffix)
-ive (suffix)
kilo- (prefix)
-less (suffix)
-like (suffix)
mal- (prefix)
mega- (prefix)
-ment (suffix)
micro- (prefix)
mid- (prefix)
milli- (prefix)
mini- (prefix)
mis- (prefix)
mono- (prefix)
multi- (prefix)
neo- (prefix)
-ness (suffix)
non- (prefix)
-ocracy (suffix)
-ology (suffix)
omission of words see ellipsis omni- (prefix)
-or (suffix)
-ous (suffix)
out- (prefix)
over- (prefix)
pan- (prefix)
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
k/2342
k/2343
k/2344
k/2364
k/2365
k/2390
k/2469
k/2499
k/2578
k/2652
k/2654
k/2658
k/2659
k/2662
k/2670
k/2672
k/2687
k/2723
k/2792
k/2793
k/2849
k/2942
k/2981
k/2982
k/3050
k/3071
k/3073
k/3078
k/3088
-phile (suffix)
-phobe, -phobia (suffixes)
photo- (prefix)
poly- (prefix)
post- (prefix)
pre- (prefix)
pro- (prefix)
-proof (suffix)
pseudo- (prefix)
psycho- (prefix)
re- (prefix)
semi- (prefix)
-ship (suffix)
socio- (prefix)
sub- (prefix)
super- (prefix)
tele- (prefix)
thermo- (prefix)
trans- (prefix)
tri- (prefix)
ultra- (prefix)
un- (prefix)
uncountable see countable under- (prefix)
uni- (prefix)
vice- (prefix)
-y (suffix)
-al (suffix)
-ful (suffix)
-ed (suffix)
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.
445.2,
445.2,
445.4
k/3196
k/3197
k/3201
k/3251
k/3268
k/3277
k/3362
k/3415
k/3420
k/3421
k/3500
k/3658
k/3703
k/3862
k/4006
k/4036
k/4090
k/4220
k/4329
k/4335
k/4360
k/4361
k/4363
k/4376
k/4447
k/4758
k/0608
k/1792
k/1468
-ic and -ical (suffixes)

-Iy (suffix)
-ise/ize (suffix)
-ize (suffix)
it looks as if ...
it looks as though
Index preparatory it (e.g. it will be a pity if)
structure with preparatory it
preparatory subject and object
preparatory it
with preparatory it (e.g. I would appreciate it if you ... )
with preparatory it (e.g. I'll leave it to you to decide)
with preparatory it (e.g. we owe it to society to)
prepositions
anxious preposition
bad preposition
preposition
difficulty preposition
divide prepositions
enter preposition
example of
good preposition
idea preposition
interest(ed) preposition
kind to
leave preposition
Index listen preposition
preposition
nice preposition
445.4
445.4,5
445.6
445.6
446.
446.
446.
446-44
446-447
446-447
447.
447.4
447.4
448-45
449
449
449
449
449
449
449
449
449
449
449
449
449
449
449
k/2105
k/2560
k/2340
k/2366
k/0847
k/0859
k/2138
k/2272
k/2354
k/3287
k/0761
k/2455
k/3080
k/3292
k/0705
k/0921
k/0991
k/1366
k/1386
k/1541
k/1620
k/1867
k/2107
k/2320
k/2396
k/2452
k/2505
k/2530
k/2812
pay preposition
pleased preposition
prevent preposition
sorry preposition
prepositions
preposition
trip preposition
preposition
prepositions before conjunctions (e.g. the question of whether ... )
dropping prepositions
hat in a hat
position of prepositions (e.g. to look at)
on time and in time
position of prepositions
phone preposition
at the ends of clauses
before conjunctions
before particular words and expressions
snow preposition
through and along
voice preposition
written/composed etc by
cinema preposition
party preposition
point of view preposition
radio preposition
for ... reason
theatre preposition
on/ in time
449
449
449
449
449
449
449
449
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
450
450
450
450
450
450
450
450
k/3149
k/3226
k/3354
k/3895
k/4235
k/4260
k/4336
k/4754
k/1250
k/1501
k/1936
k/2268
k/3003
k/3125
k/3198
k/3295
k/3296
k/3298
k/3819
k/4264
k/4452
k/1074
k/1164
k/3109
k/3236
k/3480
k/3509
k/4193
k/4282
TV preposition
university preposition
in time and on time
expressions without prepositions
expressions with no preposition
approach no following preposition
colour expressions with no preposition
days of the week expressions with no preposition
discuss no following preposition
no following preposition
height expressions with no preposition
Mondayetc with no preposition
shape expressions with no preposition
size expressions with no preposition
Sunday etc expressions with no preposition
weight expressions with no preposition
no following preposition
marry no following preposition
resemble no following preposition
place expressions with no preposition
next expressions with no preposition
one Tuesdayetc (no preposition)
expressions with no preposition (e.g. that afternoon)
450
450
450, 593.
451, 82.
451.
451.
451.
451.
451.
451.
451.
451.
451.
451.
451.
451.
451.
451.
451.1
451.1
451.1
451.11
451.2
451.2
451.2
451.2
451.2
451.2
451.2
k/4350
k/4380
k/2213
k/3302
k/0621
k/0721
k/0762
k/1188
k/1315
k/1380
k/1542
k/1979
k/2464
k/2683
k/3690
k/3804
k/4034
k/4499
k/2420
k/2589
k/3569
k/3212
k/1445
k/1586
k/2427
k/2806
k/3012
k/3868
k/4143
this Sunday ere (no preposition)

dropped in time expressions
age expressions with no preposition
expressions without preposition
prepositions
aware of not followed by that
dropped before question words
sorry about not followed by that
know about not followed by that
not used after prepositions
dropping prepositions before that
dropped before that
the fact that
with present perfect
perfect auxiliary in older English
lately with present perfect
recently with present perfect
often etc with present perfect
present continuous see present progressive present participles see participles present perfect
yesterday etc not used with present perfect
451.2
451.7
451.8
451.8
451.9, 615.1
452
452, 416.
452, 498.
453.
453.
453."2
453.1
453.1
453.1,
453.1,
453.3, 583.
455.
455.
455.
455.
455.1
455.5
455.5
455.5
455.5, 458.
455.5, 458.
455.6
455-460
456.
k/4243
k/1752
k/0585
k/2645
k/4481
k/3463
k/4696
k/3541
k/0917
k/3299
k/3897
k/2412
k/4150
k/1502
k/3300
k/4181
k/0975
k/2941
k/2974
k/3887
k/0942
k/0644
k/1573
k/2800
k/2438
k/3512
k/0553
k/3311
k/0556
not used with present perfect

finished-time words not normally used with present perfect
or simple past
or present perfect
with simple past
with simple past
today with present perfect or past
this week etc with present perfect or past
with simple past
present perfect continuous see present perfect progressive present perfect progressive
with present perfect progressive
this week etc with present perfect progressive
with present perfect progressive
or simple
present and present perfect the differences
in stories, commentaries and instructions
present progressive presently
price and prize
principle and principal
prize and price
third-person singular present iioorks, cries, watches etc)
storey see floor stories use of present tenses
too (adverb), also and as well
me too
as well position
position
me too
or present
or present perfect progressive
456.2
456.2,457.
456-457
456-457
457.
457.
457.
457.3
457.4
458
458.
458.
458.5
459
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46.
46.1
46.1,4
46.3
460
460
k/0595
k/1709
k/3314
k/3751
k/0660
k/2801
k/4305
k/4248
k/1574
k/3318
k/3763
k/4249
k/1753
k/3319
k/3310
k/3331
k/3346
k/3356
k/3359
k/3361
k/3946
k/3991
k/4308
k/4311
k/0861
k/4310
k/2621
k/3313
k/3326
or present perfect
how long? with present perfect
or present progressive
or simple present
present simple see simple present present tenses
simple present forms, spelling, pronunciation and use
-(e)s
too, also and as well
as well, also and too
talking about changes
present progressive
present progressive
as well
instructions use of tenses
commentaries tenses
ache simple or progressive
I deny
hurt present tenses
I swear
I agree (simple present)
I promise
simple present in quotations (Hamlet says ... )
present tenses
continually with progressive form
dash (punctuation mark)
either, also, as well and too in negative clauses
exclamation mark
with progressive form
non-progressive verbs
460, 463.6
460.1
461.2,3, 463.1-3,464.6,466
461.2,3,463.1-3,464.6,466
461-46
461-463, 465-466
462.3
46-4
46-4
464.4
464.4, 466.
464-6
46-47, 343, 7
465
465.2
466.
466.
466.
466.
466.4
466.4
466.5
466.7
47
47
47
47
47
47
k/3757
k/2057
k/3756
k/3325
k/3330
k/3755
k/3396
k/0650
k/0863
k/3328
k/1151
k/3324
k/4508
k/2314
k/1207
k/0506
k/1336
k/2074
k/4057
k/0601
k/3377
k/3613
k/1679
k/1262
k/1308
k/1476
k/1630
k/1764
k/2861
period (full stop)

dash
exclamation mark
semi-colon
semi-colon
in negative clauses
progressive forms
nonprogressive verbs
astonish non-progressive verb
concern non-progressive verb
consist non-progressive verb
contain non-progressive verb
non-progressive verb
disagree non-progressive verb
include non-progressive verb
measure non-progressive verb
nonprogressive verb
please non-progressive verb
possess non-progressive verb
realise non-progressive verb
recognise non-progressive verb
satisfy non-progressive verb
progressive and non-progressive uses
state verbs
47
47
47
47
47
47
470-472
471
471.
471.
471.
471.
471.
471.
471.
471.
471.
471.
471.
471.
471.
471.
471.
471.
471.
471.
471.
471.
471.
k/3167
k/3434
k/3435
k/3444
k/3659
k/4309
k/3367
k/3369
k/0878
k/1242
k/1257
k/1258
k/1343
k/1377
k/2219
k/2498
k/2642
k/2766
k/3084
k/3225
k/3253
k/3283
k/3505
k/3515
k/3606
k/3817
k/3909
k/3976
k/4083
weigh progressive and nonprogressive uses

believe non-progressive verb
belong non-progressive verb
deny non-progressive verb
depend non-progressive verb
dislike non-progressive verb
nonprogressive verb
fit non-progressive verb
hate non-progressive verb
hear non-progressive verb
imagine non-progressive verb
involve non-progressive verb
lack non-progressive verb
love non-progressive verb
matter non-progressive verb
nonprogressive verb
owe non-progressive verb
nonprogressive verb
nonprogressive verb
suppose non-progressive verb
surprise non-progressive verb
471.
471.2
471.2
471.2
471.2
471.2
471.2
471.2
471.2
471.2
471.2
471.2
471.2
471.2
471.2
471.2
471.2
471.2
471.2
471.2
471.2
471.2
471.2
471.2
471.2
471.2
understand non-progressive verb

nonprogressive verb
471.2
471.2
k/4498
k/0603
k/0756
k/0986
k/0993
k/1334
k/1337
k/1382
k/1420
k/1722
k/1937
k/1969
k/2159
k/2334
k/2413
k/2419
k/2528
k/2550
k/2593
k/2631
k/3079
k/3378
k/3555
k/3650
k/4038
k/4050
a
k/4366
k/4466
nonprogressive verb
progressive and nonprogressive uses
progressive (,continuous') and nonprogressive uses
with progressive
with always etc
full stops
full stop
question mark
question mark
punctuation
colons
colon
reported speech see indirect speech reporting direct speech punctuation (use of commas and colons)
after colons
commas and colons
commas
comma
use of commas
use of commas
full stops in decimals
quotation marks ('inverted commas')
quotation marks
quotation marks
apostrophe
apostrophe
declarative questions (e.g. You're working late?)
echo questions
rhetorical questions (e.g. How should I know?)
471.2
471.3
471.3
471.3
472
472
473
473
473
473
473-47
474
474
474.
474.4
474.6,476.9
476
476
476.
476.1
476.11
478
478
478.
479
479
48
48
48
k/4659
k/1680
k/3637
k/4236
k/0659
k/3372
k/1793
k/3436
k/3439
k/3452
k/3424
k/1186
k/3427
k/3564
k/1122
k/1374
k/1202
k/3429
k/0538
k/2935
k/2934
k/3442
k/3478
k/1375
k/0748
k/3425
k/1327
k/1465
k/3468
reply questions
rhetorical questions
questions with whose as subject
questions
questions
in questions
How should I know? etc
Why should she? etc
echo questions
reply questions (e.g. Was it?)
reply questions (e.g. Was it? Did you?)
question-word clauses
questions about that-clauses
questions with what as subject
questions with which as subject
questions with who as Index subject
question tags
question tags
question tags
question tags
question tags
question tags
question tags
question tags
in question tags
question tags
Index question tags
48
48
48
48
48
480-486
481
482
482.
482.
483
484
484
485
486
486
486
486
487.
487.
487.
487.4
487.4
487.4, 488.
487.4, 488.
487.4, 488.
487.5
487-488
487-488
k/3562
k/3577
k/4622
k/4685
k/4698
k/3458
k/3459
k/1393
k/2064
k/4633
k/3460
k/3467
k/3959
k/3464
k/3465
k/4526
k/4584
k/4598
k/1934
k/2515
k/2825
k/2799
k/3619
k/2839
k/2848
k/2897
k/2327
k/3455
k/3958
question tags
in question tags
before question tags
question tags
question tags
question tags
question tags
question tag
in question tags
question tags
question tags
quite meanings, structures and word order
quite better
quite a bit
quite a few
gradable adjectives
non-gradable adjectives
not quite
quite a bit, few, lot etc
quite a lot
with quite and rather
although, though, but and however
but, although, though and however
herself
see also personal pronouns himself
however, although, though and but
itself
see also possessives myself, yourself etc
oneself
487-488
487-8
488.
488.
488.
488.
488.2
488.3
488.4
488.5
488.5
489
489.
489.
489.
489.
489.
489.
489.
489.4
489-490
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
k/4064
k/1394
k/1498
k/1609
k/1615
k/1955
k/2166
k/2477
k/4210
k/1599
k/3876
k/3472
k/1009
k/1022
k/1688
k/1886
k/2859
k/2888
k/3476
k/2543
k/0466
k/0652
k/1061
k/1999
k/2010
k/2065
k/2363
k/2742
k/3021
ourselves
basic information
identifying and non-identifying clauses
what
whose
themselves
though, although, but and however
yourself' and yourselves
though meaning 'however'
rather (adverb of degree) meanings, structures and word order
rather (preference)
had rather obsolete form
would rather
had rather (obsolete expression)
negative structure
rather than
I'd rather like and I'd rather have
would rather
after I'd rather etc
would rather
reason for/why/that
reflexive pronouns
by myself etc
concentrate not 'concentrate oneself'
without -self
emphatic use (e.g. Do it yourself)
shave without -self
wash without -self
dress, not dress oneself
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49.4
490
491
491.
491.
491.
491.
491.1
491.2
491.2
491.3
491.3
492
493
493.
493.
493.
493.
493.
493.
493.9
k/3070
k/3536
k/3539
k/3545
k/3548
k/4202
k/4254
k/4787
k/4257
k/3489
k/3493
k/1907
k/2266
k/3499
k/4742
k/2264
k/3490
k/4741
k/3142
k/3498
k/3508
k/3521
k/1084
k/1241
k/1682
k/3523
k/3695
k/4477
k/1430
hurry without -self

open (verb) without -self
whom relative pronoun (e.g. the person whom ... )
all that ... (relative structure)
superlative + relative clause with that
which referring to whole clause
something that
referring to a whole clause (e.g.... which surprised everybody)
when, where and why
anything that
everything that
the few ... that
the little that
+ relative clause with that
none + relative clause with that
nothing that
+ relative clause with that
use of that
relative structures
who relative pronoun (e.g. the man who ... )
which relative pronoun (e.g. the car which ... )
relative clauses see relative structures relative pronouns (who, which etc after nouns)
identifying and non-identifying relative clauses
non-identifying relative clauses
object relative pronoun
in relative clauses
dropping object pronouns
intonation and punctuation
in relative clauses
493.9
493.9
494, 623, 312.9
494.
494.
494.
494.
494.
494.1
494.5
494.5
494.5
494.5
494.5
494.5
494.5
494.5
494.5, 495.3, 498.4, 498.
494-49
494-495, 498
494-495,498
494-498
495
495, 498.1
495.
495.
495.
495.
495.2
k/2072
k/3033
k/4617
k/0620
k/1223
k/3547
k/3883
k/4588
k/3546
k/0738
k/1613
k/1687
k/2512
k/2715
k/2852
k/2894
k/3024
k/3544
k/3535
k/4601
k/4587
k/3532
k/2112
k/2860
k/1511
k/2328
k/3538
k/3540
k/1205
in relative clauses
whose relative pronoun (e.g. the person whose keys I found)
of which
whose, of whom/ which and that ... of
what (relative pronoun)
at which point
the day we met etc
in which case
somewhere I can lie down etc
some of whom etc
subject relative pronoun
after relatives (e.g. a garden in which to play)
reduced relative clauses (e.g. the girl dancing with your brother)
reduced relative clauses (e.g. the girl dancing with your brother)
relative + infinitive a garden in which to play etc
meaning 'the person who'
I who
we who
I who, you who etc
you who
a car that I didn't know how fast it could go
with indirect speech: somebody I know you'll like, a car that I didn't know how fast it could go
informal relative structures
in which case etc
a place we can stay ere
any time you're in town etc
dropped after time, day, year etc
dropped after somewhere, anywhere etc
495.2
496
496.
496.
497
498.
498.
498.
498.
498.
498.1
498.1
498.1
498.1
498.1
498.1
498.12
498.12
498.12
498.12
498.14
498.15,1
498.15,1
498.15-17
498.5
498.6
498.6
498.6
498.6
k/3432
k/4623
k/2967
k/4625
k/4533
k/0897
k/1313
k/2214
k/3891
k/4618
k/1512
k/2244
k/3106
k/3519
k/3542
k/4606
k/2085
k/4489
k/4603
k/4778
k/2113
k/2236
k/3549
k/3955
k/4581
k/3214
k/4275
k/4552
k/4564
the way (that) she spoke to me etc

none of which etc
some of whom ete
none of which etc
and remember
and remind
remind structures and preposition
all together and altogether
altogether and all together
any
any different/good/use
with comparatives (any older etc)
arise and rise
no (adverb) no older etc, no different
and others
repetition use and avoidance
rest the rest
road and street
sensible and sensitive
street and road
tell and say
the rest
the same
watch, look at and see
word order basic word order
use and avoidance of repetition
use and avoidance of repetition
the rest
street names stress
498.6, 615.2
498.8
498.8
498.8
499.
499.1
499.2,3
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
500.3,5,
500.3,5,7
501
502.
k/4484
k/2856
k/3870
k/4583
k/3559
k/3556
k/3558
k/0631
k/0655
k/0709
k/0717
k/0727
k/0769
k/2817
k/3057
k/3561
k/3574
k/3590
k/3663
k/3994
k/4094
k/4189
k/4190
k/4479
k/4677
k/4751
k/3964
k/3800
k/3995
in street names
same
say and tell
see meanings and structures
look at, see and watch
see, look at and watch
see ifI whether
seem structures and use
not used after seem
can't seem to
seem like
there seems to be
can't seem to
it seems that / as if
sentence structure basic word order
Note d American-British differences
British and American English
in short answers
embedding (clause inside clause)
fronting
shade and shadow
short answers (e.g. Yes, he can)
subject separated from sentence
fronting
British-American differences
grammar
vocabulary
502.2
503
504
505
506
506
506.6
507
507.
507.
507.
507.
507.4
507.6
509
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51.
51.1
51.2
k/4000
k/3604
k/3612
k/3632
k/2534
k/3639
k/3638
k/3644
k/0831
k/1119
k/2493
k/3651
k/3646
k/3649
k/3664
k/0664
k/1050
k/1395
k/1517
k/1788
k/3681
k/3713
k/4007
k/4374
k/4688
k/4691
k/3926
k/0665
k/0666
spelling
pronunciation
British and American differences
co-ordinating conjunctions
subordinate clauses use of commas
subordinating conjunctions
position of subordinate clauses
but (co-ordinating conjunction)
after subordinate clauses
after subordinate clauses
conjunctions
conjunctions
as and that not used together
personal and relative pronouns not used together
although and but not used together
because and so not used together
but and although not used together
so and because not used together
that and as not used together
not used together with personal pronouns
end-weight
fronting
spoken structures and tags
spoken English typical structures
tags
tags
embedding (clause inside clause)
51.3
51.4
51.4
510.
510.
510.
510.
510.2
510.4
510.4
510-11
510-511
511.
511.
511.1
511.1
511.1
511.1
511.1
511.2
512
512
512.
513
514
514
514
514.2,3
515
k/0667
k/0668
k/3385
k/1271
k/4011
k/4012
k/4695
k/1060
k/1203
k/3430
k/1249
k/3665
k/0825
k/3186
k/0653
k/0962
k/1062
k/3844
k/4151
k/3533
k/2278
k/3669
k/1529
k/3668
k/3671
k/3953
k/3963
k/4063
k/3667

clause inside clause
comprehension problems
short answers (e.g. Yes, he can)
should/ would after I and we
would or should after I and we
should meanings, structures and use
not used for past
should have done
and
must, ought and should
should, ought and must
in subordinate clauses
irregular and special plurals
mixed structures
plural expressions with singular verbs
pronunciation of plurals
singular nouns with plural verbs
spelling of plurals
plurals
meaning 'his or her'
ought, must and should
after I insisted, it's important, it's surprising etc
with should
structure with should
with should
515
515
515.
515.
515.3,
515.4
517
518.
518.5
518-52
519.
519.
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
520
521
521.
521.
521.
k/3672
k/4750
k/1170
k/3537
k/1499
k/4149
k/3960
k/3732
k/4728
k/3715
k/3728
k/3730
k/0686
k/2733
k/3722
k/3727
k/3775
k/3777
k/3782
k/3786
k/3787
k/3789
k/3943
k/4197
k/3063
k/3716
k/0708
k/2170
k/3901
surprising structure with should

wish (noun) structure with should
necessary structure with should
normal structure with should
with should
since tenses
it's ... since tenses
buffalo plural
commando plural
concerto plural
echo plural
Eskimo plural
kilo plural
logo plural
mosquito plural
negro plural
piano plural
potato plural
solo plural
soprano plural
tomato plural
tornado plural
volcano plural
hero plural
photo plural
singular and plural
aircraft singular and plural the same
analysis plural
appendix plural
521.
521.
521.1
521.2
521.2
522
522.
523.
523.
523.
523.
523.
523.
523.
523.
523.
523.
523.
523.
523.
523.
523.
523.
523.3
523.3
523-53
524.
524.
524.
k/4054
k/4656
k/2756
k/2867
k/3707
k/3760
k/2361
k/1054
k/1201
k/1244
k/1464
k/1549
k/2389
k/2519
k/2699
k/2783
k/3204
k/3271
k/3863
k/3894
k/4306
k/4321
k/4453
k/1996
k/3199
k/3767
k/0607
k/0684
k/0759
arms plural with no singular

athletics singular, no plural
bacterium plural
barracks singular and plural the same
basis plural
billiards singular, no plural
binoculars plural with no singular
cactus plural
calf plural
cattle plural with no singular
child plural
Index Chinese singular and plural the same
clothes plural with no singular
compound nouns plurals
contents plural with no singular
corpus plural
plural
craft singular and plural the same
crew plural with no singular
crisis plural
criterion plural
crossroads singular and plural the same
customs plural with no singular
deer singular and plural the same
diagnosis plural
dice singular and plural the same
draughts singular, no plural
elf plural
fish singular and plural the same
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
k/0770
k/0900
k/0920
k/0927
k/0928
k/1016
k/1019
k/1088
k/1090
k/1133
k/1156
k/1157
k/1177
k/1240
k/1260
k/1272
k/1286
k/1290
k/1293
k/1294
k/1295
k/1297
k/1301
k/1329
k/1352
k/1354
k/1425
k/1487
k/1720
irregular plural
formula plural
funds plural with no singular
fungus plural
glasses plural with no singular
goods plural with no singular
goose plural
groceries plural with no singular
halves
headquarters singular and plural
hovercraft singular and plural the same
hypothesis plural
Japanese singular and plural the same
jeans plural with no singular
kibbutz plural
knife plural
leaf plural
plural
louse plural
manners plural with no singular
mathematics singular, no plural
singular and plural the same
media singular (uncountable) or plural
Middle Ages plural with no singular
mother-in-law plural
mouse plural
nucleus plural
oasis plural
odds plural with no singular
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
k/1738
k/1771
k/1797
k/1798
k/1848
k/1879
k/1880
k/1892
k/1915
k/1967
k/2038
k/2077
k/2368
k/2369
k/2386
k/2406
k/2445
k/2485
k/2548
k/2585
k/2592
k/2638
k/2649
k/2660
k/2707
k/2708
k/2927
k/2936
k/2943
outskirts plural with no singular

ox plural
pants plural with no singular
passer-by plural
people, personis) and peoples
person, persons, people and peoples
phenomenon plural
physics singular, no plural
police plural with no singular
premises plural with no singular
pyjamas plural with no singular
radius plural
regards plural with no singular
remains plural with no singular
runner-up plural
savings plural with no singular
scales plural with no singular
scissors plural with no singular
self plural
indirect speech) series singular and plural the same
see also personal pronouns sheep singular and plural the same
shelf plural
plural with apostrophe (e.g. 1960's)
plurals of compound nouns
spacecraft singular and plural the same
species singular and plural the same
spectacles plural with no singular
staff plural with no singular
statistics singular and plural the same
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
k/3074
k/3085
k/3090
k/3112
k/3154
k/3173
k/3195
k/3203
k/3239
k/3285
k/3448
k/3482
k/3530
k/3552
k/3600
k/3607
k/3617
k/3623
k/3655
k/3677
k/3699
k/3702
k/3784
k/3785
k/3912
k/3919
k/3920
k/3968
k/3977
stimulus plural
surroundings plural with no singular
Swiss singular and plural the same
thanks plural with no singular
the Middle Ages plural with no singular
thief plural
tooth plural
troops plural with no singular
trousers plural with no singular
vertebra plural
wife plural
wolf plural
works (= factory) singular and plural the same
man plural
woman plural
penny, pennies and pence
no plural
politics singular and plural the same
data singular or plural
congratulations no singular
plurals
baths pronunciation
houses pronunciation
mouths pronunciation
paths pronunciation
Index roofs pronunciation
Index truths pronunciation
wreaths pronunciation
youths pronunciation
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.
524.2
524.2
524.2, 389.16,1
524.3
524.3
524.3, 312.
524.7, 545.
525
525.
525.
525.
525.
525.
525.
525.
525.
k/3984
k/4055
k/4059
k/4139
k/4187
k/4227
k/4319
k/4339
k/4341
k/4433
k/4641
k/4671
k/4720
k/2580
k/4672
k/3153
k/2640
k/3249
k/1309
k/1248
k/3404
k/0930
k/2037
k/2709
k/3148
k/3592
k/4343
k/4745
k/4789
a couple of . .. + plural verb

a group of . .. + plural verb
a lot of ... + plural verb
a number of . .. + plural verb
bank + singular or plural verb/ pronoun
BBC + singular or plural verb/pronoun
choir + singular or plural
class + singular or plural
club + singular or plural
collective nouns singular or plural
committee + singular or plural
couple a couple of ... + plural verb
England (football team) + plural
family + singular or plural
firm + singular or plural
government + singular or plural
jury + singular or plural
the majority of + plural verb
ministry + singular or plural verb
orchestra + singular or plural
with singular or plural verb and pronoun
public (noun) + singular or plural
+ singular or plural
team + singular or plural
+ plural verb
union with singular or plural verb and pronoun
group + singular or plural
halfof+ plural verb
a number of + plural verb
526.
526.
526.
526.
526.
526.
526.
526.
526.
526.
526.
526.
526.
526.
526.
526.
526.
526.
526.
526.
526.
526.
526.
526.
526.
526.
526.1,
526.2
526.2
k/0476
k/0480
k/0489
k/0490
k/0926
k/0931
k/1158
k/1167
k/1178
k/1183
k/1210
k/1283
k/1531
k/1656
k/1711
k/1885
k/2374
k/2567
k/2671
k/3053
k/3110
k/3422
k/3622
k/4088
k/4185
k/4378
k/1894
k/1912
k/2929
number! majority of etc

singular verbs and pronouns
more than one + singular verb
United States + singular verb/ pronoun
five pounds, twenty miles etc + singular verb
meaning 'him or her'
one of the ... who have/has ete
after try, wait, go etc
distributive plural (e.g. six people lost their lives)
expect so/not
and small
slang
small and little
so and then
and so
be sure and
hurry up and
stay and
try and
be sure and
wait and see etc
come and
go and
woman or women in noun + noun compounds
man or men in noun + noun compounds
here's + plural noun
another! a good three hours etc
plural after here's, there's, where's
who and what
526.2
527.
527.
527.
527.1
528
529.
53
53
53
53
53
53
53
53
53.
53.
53.
53.
53.1
53.1
53.2
53.2
531.
531.2
532.
532.
532.
532.
k/3798
k/2685
k/2696
k/4379
k/2933
k/4200
k/3781
k/0688
k/1384
k/1638
k/2509
k/3807
k/3814
k/3845
k/4205
k/0954
k/2073
k/3979
k/4345
k/4046
k/4457
k/1193
k/1851
k/4674
k/2581
k/1994
k/3769
k/3783
k/3801
there's + plural noun

where's + plural noun
+ singular verb
singular or plural verb after expression with or
verb after: as well as
bread and jam etc
or
+ plural expression
a good two hours etc
smell
like this! that and so
so (adverb) meaning 'like this!that'
it appears so
it seems so
so (degree adverb) so tired, so fast etc
so kind as to
so few
so little
so much and so
and velY
and so
so ... that
and so much
so ... as to
afraid so/not
believe so/not
guess so!not
hope so/ not
+ so/not
532.
532.
532.2
532.2
532.2
532.2
532.2
532.6
532.6
535
536
536
536.1
536.1
538
538.
538.
538.
538.
538.2
538.2
538.4
538.7
538.8
539
539
539
539
539
k/4218
k/4570
k/0865
k/3048
k/3791
k/3792
k/3799
k/0698
k/1869
k/3815
k/2492
k/3820
k/0757
k/3648
k/3832
k/2397
k/3848
k/3849
k/3851
k/3835
k/4435
k/3840
k/3833
k/3839
k/0565
k/0988
k/1899
k/2029
k/2162
reckon so/not
suppose so/not
think so/not
so I believe
so I hear
so he says
I think! hope! believe etc so
so I hear! Index believe etc
so he told me etc
so I understand
so with say and tell
another
and some
so do I etc
in order that and so that
so that and in order that
so-and-so
so-so
social language
some time, sometime and sometimes
sometime, sometimes and some time
another few weeks etc
and other
and more
and other
other and different
I told you so
he says so
he told me so etc
539
539
539
539.
539.
539.
539.1
539.3
539.3
539.3
539.3, 54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54.
54.
54.2
54.5
54.5
540.
540.1
540.1
k/3513
k/4040
k/4232
k/0992
k/1976
k/3615
k/3823
k/3829
k/4099
k/4372
k/3831
k/0697
k/0714
k/1399
k/2199
k/3856
k/3858
k/3859
k/3860
k/3872
k/3885
k/0700
k/2694
k/3056
k/1361
k/3055
k/2102
k/3614
k/4097
I told you so
so am I, so have I ete
so it is, so I have etc
so much and so many
it's not so much ... as/that
he didn't so much as
if he so much as
so that / in order that
after so that / in order that
apologies
Bye and Bye-bye
Enjoy (yourselj)!
Goodbye
Happy birthday!New Year etc
I beg your pardon
introductions
Safe journey home
See you (later etc)
Take care
don't mention it
drinking common expressions
Here you are
inverted commas see quotation marks invitations
offers
remember me to X
thanking people
There you go
You're welcome
wishes sending good wishes
540.2
541.1
541.2
542
542.
542.4
542.4
543
543.
545.
545.
545.
545.
545.
545.
545.
545.
545.
545.
545.1
545.1
545.1
545.1
545.1
545.1
545.1
545.1
545.1
545.1
k/3825
k/3828
k/3830
k/3852
k/3855
k/3853
k/3854
k/3341
k/3718
k/0746
k/1087
k/1536
k/1878
k/1924
k/2089
k/2329
k/3602
k/3643
k/4074
k/1413
k/1432
k/1995
k/2332
k/2971
k/3557
k/4140
k/4217
k/4503
k/4664
Your health
How are you? and How do you do?
thanks for meals etc
Good morning etc
Sleep well
Index greetings
Cheers
Excuse me
Excuse me
I beg your pardon
Pardon?
Pardon me?
Sorry? (asking for repetition)
What? (asking for repetition)
have!did you have a good journey
Have / Did you have a good trip
Welcome homel back
Have a good holiday/time/trip etc
questions/wishes about holidays
some meanings, pronunciation and use
some
some
some of
and others
and any
anybody and anyone
anyone see anybody anything
anywhere
everyone
545.1
545.1,
545.11,1
545.2
545.2
545.2,
545.2,12,1
545.6,
545.7
545.7,
545.8
545.8
545.8
545.8
545.9
545.9
545.9
545.9,1
545.9,1
546
546.2,6,7
546.6
546.6
546.7
547
548
548
548
548
k/4784
k/2051
k/2624
k/1877
k/3809
k/1891
k/1153
k/1634
k/3899
k/3095
k/3093
k/3094
k/3900
k/4527
k/2372
k/4337
k/4502
k/1958
k/2017
k/3864
k/3408
k/2960
k/3866
k/3867
k/3865
k/0728
k/0735
k/0741
k/1602
everything
everywhere
no one
nobody and no one
nothing
nowhere
somebody and someone
something
somewhere
some place
no difference
everybody and everyone
no difference
and everybody
no difference
no difference
+ singular verb
+ singular verb
anyone and anyone
and everyone
early, soon and quickly
hyphens
-ise or -ize
and -ise
spelling of adverbs
quickly, soon and early
soon, early and quickly
these sort of
and talk
548
548
548
548
548
548
548
548
548
548.
548.1
548.1
548.1
548.1
548.1
548.1
548.3
548.3
548.7
548.7
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
k/1610
k/1616
k/2836
k/2843
k/2891
k/2924
k/3873
k/3879
k/3888
k/3878
k/0729
k/1593
k/1594
k/1605
k/2844
k/3874
k/1595
k/1603
k/0730
k/1606
k/1453
k/2076
k/2341
k/2367
k/2561
k/3471
k/3893
k/3905
k/3916
-ise and -ize

-ly
any at all
meaning 'it doesn't matter which' etc
if ... any
and not any
and any of
any
kind of (= sort of)
sort of
type of
singular and plural with sort of etc
these kind of etc
these type of
these kind of
those kind of etc
sound (verb)
talk (verb) and speak
stress and rhythm
stress and rhythm
stress
rhythm
speech
intonation
intonation
intonation
capital letters
capital letters
spoken English spelling
55
55
55.
55.
55.1
55.3
55.7
55.7
551
551
551
551.
551.
551.
551.2
551.2
552
553
554
554
554
554.
554-555
555
555
555
556
556
556-56
k/3939
k/3940
k/0715
k/0724
k/2122
k/0713
k/0711
k/2947
k/2391
k/3902
k/4355
k/3788
k/4222
k/4357
k/2393
k/4251
k/3908
k/4077
k/3923
k/3962
k/3996
k/3578
k/3921
k/2326
k/3922
k/3957
k/1121
k/3927
k/3925
ending in -ly: spelling

hyphens
yet, still and already
and every
doubling consonants (e.g. big -+ bigger)
and any
ch and tch, le and ck
doubling final consonants
final -e
ie and ei
spelling and pronunciation (strange and difficult spellings)
y and i
combat(t)ing etc spelling
focus(s)ing etc spelling
kidnapped etc spelling
mimicked spelling
panicking etc spelling
picnickers etc spelling
travelling etc spelling
worshippers etc spelling
handicapped spelling
pronunciation and spelling
silent letters
still, yet and already
yet, still and already
already tenses
or simple past with already and yet
or present perfect with already and yet
tenses
557
559
56
56
56
56
56
56
56
56
56
56
562.
562.
562.
562.
562.
562.
562.
562.
562.7
565
565.3
566
566
566.7
566.7
566.7
566.7, 455.5
k/0552
k/3935
k/0645
k/0712
k/1417
k/1581
k/3930
k/3933
k/3934
k/3938
k/3945
k/3947
k/1190
k/1733
k/2388
k/2665
k/3089
k/3205
k/4334
k/4721
k/1916
k/3386
k/3388
k/3982
k/4770
k/0643
k/3315
k/3752
k/4769
subjunctives
+ subjunctive
use of subjunctive
as it were
be that as it may
God save the Queen
Heaven forbid
Long live the King
+ subjunctive
so be it
vital + subjunctive
+ subjunctive
essential + subjunctive
important + subjunctive
insist + subjunctive
subjunctive (I be, I were etc)
God bless you
such
such a/an
such-and-such
and very
and such
such ... that / as to
such as
and such
and so
arse (taboo word / swearword)
arsehole (taboo word / swearword)
ass (taboo word / swearword)
567
567.
567.
567.
567.
567.
567.
567.
567.
567.
567.
567.2
567.2
567.2
567.2
567.3
567.4
568
568
568.
568.4
568.4
568.5
568.6
569
569
57
57
57
k/4008
k/0559
k/0678
k/0848
k/0955
k/1861
k/1977
k/2526
k/3517
k/3847
k/4449
k/0869
k/1552
k/2168
k/2304
k/0944
k/1860
k/4013
k/4019
k/4023
k/4015
k/4436
k/4018
k/4020
k/3834
k/4014
k/0776
k/0777
k/0876
asshole (taboo word / swearword)

balls (taboo word / swearword)
be supposed to
bitch (taboo word / swearword)
blast (taboo word / swearword)
bollocks (taboo word / swearword)
bugger (taboo word / swearword)
Christ (taboo word / swearword)
cock (taboo word / swearword)
crap (taboo word / swearword)
cunt (taboo word / swearword)
damn (taboo word / swearword)
dick (taboo word / swearword)
fart (taboo word / swearword)
God (taboo word! swearword)
any/no good
Jesus (taboo word! swearword)
piss (taboo word / swearword)
prick (taboo word / swearword)
shit (taboo word / swearword)
suppose, supposing (conjunction)
supposed be supposed to
swearwords and taboo words
sympathetic
taboo words and swearwords
telephoning
telling the time
telling the time
tits (taboo word / swearword)
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
k/0877
k/0925
k/0953
k/1023
k/1024
k/1031
k/1055
k/1161
k/1180
k/1291
k/1299
k/1304
k/1355
k/1663
k/1858
k/1870
k/2370
k/3210
k/3357
k/3704
k/4042
k/4043
k/4058
k/4061
k/4062
k/4092
k/4101
k/4283
k/4288
twat (taboo word / swearword)

wank (taboo word I swearword)
what if
whore (taboo word / swearword)
any/no older etc
no good
no use
use anylno use
suggest structures
with suppose, supposing, what if ('unreal past')
suppose, supposing and what if
surely
certainly and surely
and certainly
fuck (taboo word I swearword)
hell (taboo word / swearword)
take (time)
taste
on the telephone
a m (= in the morning)
plural see singular and plural pm (= in the afternoon/evening)
half two (= half past two)
as and than as subjects, objects and complements
dropping that
grateful and thankful
the matter (with)
tense simplification in subordinate clauses
thankful and grateful
the matter (with)
57
57
57
57
57.
57.
57.
57.3
570
571
571
573
573.
573.
575
575
576
577
578.4
579.
579.
579.1
58
58
58
58
58
58
58
k/4352
k/4462
k/4540
k/4619
k/1215
k/2828
k/2842
k/4404
k/4027
k/3136
k/3342
k/4048
k/1145
k/4049
k/1790
k/1981
k/4070
k/4081
k/4242
k/0662
k/3229
k/1914
k/0824
k/1503
k/1889
k/2597
k/4109
k/4141
k/4186
there two pronunciations and meanings

appear link verb
and seem
and appear
meaning 'come into sight'
+ will or present tense with future meaning
instead of past progressive or perfect after conjunctions
will or present tense with future meaning after than
as soon as + present with future meaning
Index most conjunctions
+ present tense with future meaning
whether + present tense with future meaning
for future after conjunctions
past simple see simple past past tense instead of would ... after conjunctions
instead of present progressive after conjunctions
thatclauses
the fact that
the fact that
preparatory it
that (conjunction) dropped
there is (introducing indefinite subjects)
structure with there
with there
need (noun) structure with there
there's no point etc
sense there's no sense in etc
58
58.1
58.2
58.2
58.3
580.
580.
580.
580.
580.2
580.2
580.2
580.2
580.2
580.3
580.6, 426.
580.7
581
583
583.
583.3
583.4
584
587
587.
587.
587.
587.
587.
k/4208
k/0751
k/0752
k/3645
k/0754
k/0819
k/2993
k/3754
k/4136
k/0854
k/0977
k/3337
k/4550
k/4574
k/3312
k/3140
k/3758
k/4133
k/4152
k/1649
k/4155
k/4153
k/4148
k/4209
k/0758
k/2503
k/2759
k/3235
k/3662
tend structure with there

pronunciation
there's something wrong
there appears/ happens/seems etc to be
there is certain/sure etc to be
there might be, there could be etc
there Index lives, there remains etc
think meanings and structures
these
those
demonstratives (this, that, these, those)
that and those (demonstratives)
this and that
in two-part verbs
tenses after this is the best etc
it is the first/last etc tenses
journey, travel, trip and voyage
nouns used for actions (a crash, cough etc)
phrasal verbs
rise and arise
that, this and it
through used for time
tonight
travel, journey, trip and voyage
trip, travel, journey and voyage
turning verbs into nouns
587.
587.
587.1
587.2
587.2
587.2
587.5
587.5
587.5
587.6
588
589
589
589-59
589-590
589-590
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
k/4103
k/4406
k/4211
k/1922
k/2596
k/4755
k/4212
k/4213
k/4215
k/4214
k/4231
k/4221
k/4250
k/1333
k/4142
k/4241
k/0547
k/1225
k/2356
k/2373
k/2919
k/3202
k/3587
k/4147
k/4266
k/4307
k/4333
k/4338
k/4349
voyage, travel, journey and trip

and this! that (things that have just been mentioned)
this/that and it (things that have just been mentioned)
tenses after this is thefirstetc
tenses after this is the last etc
this is the first/ last etc: tenses
time (countable or uncountable) meanings and structures
too (determiner) structures and meaning
and too
too much and too
and very
and too much
far before too
much too
much too.far too etc
only too
too much/many
give it a push etc
go (noun) a go
talk (noun) a talk
try (noun) one more try
+ action noun (e.g. make a guess)
take + action noun (e.g. take a bath)
get back to
get on with
look out for
put up with
objects with phrasal verbs
two-part verbs (e.g. break up, listen to)
59
590
590
591
591
591
593
595
595
595.
595.1,7
595.2
595.3
595.3
595.3
595.8
596
598.
598.
598.
598.
598.2
598.2
599.
599.
599.
599.
599.
599-60
k/4455
k/2346
k/4247
k/1715
k/2430
k/4245
k/4274
k/4312
k/4437
k/4318
k/4314
k/4313
k/1660
k/2721
k/4315
k/3028
k/4317
k/1845
k/1856
k/4076
k/4346
k/2570
k/4067
k/1836
k/1839
k/2540
k/3447
k/4693
k/4354
verbs with particles and prepositions (e.g. break up, listen to)
any/ some or no article
around, round and about
no article with plurals and uncountables
some/ any or no article
talking in general
over and above
round, around and about
generalisations with and without the
see abovelover
about and (a)round
be used to ... ing
what can follow a verb?
down and up (down/ up the road etc)
prepositional verbs (e.g. look at)
till
up and down (up/down the road etc)
used be used to (. .. ing)
verb complementation what can follow a verb?
verbs of movement she came in running, she entered running or she ran in
verbs with active and passive meanings (e.g. I opened the door I the door opened)
unless
and if not
if not and unless
unless
until and till
before and until
and until
599-60
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6.
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
601
601.
601.1,
601.3
601.3
602
602.
602.
k/4429
k/0719
k/0771
k/0800
k/0804
k/0806
k/3076
k/3594
k/4166
k/3642
k/0495
k/0956
k/1237
k/1422
k/3304
k/4273
k/4395
k/4407
k/4425
k/4427
k/4428
k/4382
k/4384
k/2145
k/3343
k/4383
k/4388
k/0980
k/1079
until
not used for distance
up to (distance, quantity)
and until/till
and to
as far as
+ present tense with future meaning
and by
and before
used + infinitive (past habits etc)
with used to
get used to
verb + object + complement (e.g. They elected her President)
after see, describe etc
+ object + to be
identify structure with as
complement before heavy object
describe structure with as
regard as
see ... as
+ object + to be
consider + object + to be
+ object + to be
+ object + to be
+ object + to be
stain active or passive meaning
bend active or passive meaning
break active or passive meaning
crack active or passive meaning
602.
602.
602.
602.2
602.2
602.3
602.4
602.6
602.7
604
604.5
605.
607
607.
607.
607.
607.
607.2
607.2
607.2
607.3
607.3
607.3
607.3
607.3
609,
609.
609.
609.
k/3344
k/4394
k/4396
k/4293
k/4393
k/0841
k/4390
k/4392
k/4391
k/4408
k/0555
k/1841
k/4420
k/0820
k/1699
k/2111
k/4683
k/1339
k/3527
k/3640
k/0987
k/1254
k/1670
k/2409
k/4367
k/3969
k/0997
k/1041
k/1289
melt active or passive meaning

move active or passive meaning
active or passive meaning
polish active or passive meaning
Note a scratch active or passive meaning
tear active or passive meaning
change active or passive meaning
-self (myself etc) see reflexive pronouns sell active or passive meaning
active or passive meaning
wake active or passive meaning
await
backward(s)
direct and indirect objects
forward(s)
homeward(s)
indirect and direct objects
northward(s) etc
objects direct and indirect
outward(s)
strong and weak forms
upward(s)
-ward(s) (suffix)
with one and two objects
with two objects
bring with two objects
buy with two objects
carry not followed by indirect object
cost with two objects
609.
609.
609.
609.
609.
609.
609.1
609.1
609.1
609.1
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
610
610.
610.
610.
610.
610.
610.
k/2653
k/2710
k/3034
k/3241
k/3626
k/4089
k/1148
k/3656
k/3973
k/4460
k/0913
k/0919
k/1371
k/1772
k/2021
k/2223
k/2872
k/2938
k/3075
k/4004
k/4398
k/4471
k/4431
k/0873
k/1004
k/1045
k/1071
k/1129
k/1275
with two objects

donate not followed by indirect object
with two objects
kick with two objects
with two objects
with two objects
with two objects
with two objects
pass with two objects
one and two objects
post with two objects
with two objects
push not followed by indirect object
read with two objects
with two objects
with two objects
sing structures with one and two objects
with two objects
with two objects
give with two objects
lend with two objects
send with two objects
take with two objects
write with one and two objects
direct and indirect objects
play (verb) with one and two objects
show one and two objects
610.
610.
610.
610.
610.
610.
610.
610.
610.
610.
610.
610.
610.
610.
610.
610.
610.
610.
610.
610.1
610.1
610.1
610.1,
610.1,
610.1,
610.1,
610.2,
610.7
610.7
k/1340
k/1410
k/1835
k/2387
k/2456
k/2577
k/2970
k/3081
k/3111
k/3152
k/3267
k/3380
k/3445
k/3501
k/3526
k/3657
k/3765
k/4269
k/4663
k/1842
k/2460
k/3660
k/4072
k/4087
k/4100
k/4747
k/4686
k/3222
k/3738
very
and very much
and very
not very
(adverb)
position
wait
want structures and meanings
+ -ing form with passive meaning
meaning 'need'
toward(s)
afterward(s)
way
in the way and on the way
on the way and in the way
relative structures after way
way of and means of
after way
after way
way of ... ing I way to ...
means of and way of
inion the way
am weak and strong form
are weak and strong form
weak and strong form
611
611
611
611.
611.4
611.4
612
613
613.3
613.3
614.
614.3
615
615.
615.
615.
615.
615.3
615.3
615.3
615.4
615.5
616
616.
616.
616.
616.
616.
616.
k/4434
k/4438
k/4444
k/2890
k/4443
k/4445
k/4456
k/4464
k/4467
k/4469
k/4322
k/0580
k/4480
k/2212
k/3001
k/3543
k/4486
k/2255
k/2292
k/4485
k/2637
k/4483
k/3389
k/0661
k/0765
k/0834
k/0889
k/1065
k/1116

does weak and strong form
for weak and strong form
from weak and strong form
had weak and strong form
has weak and strong form
is weak and strong form
lf weak and strong form
616.
616.
616.
616.
616.
616.
616.
616.
616.

Saint weak and strong form
616.
616.
616.
616.
616.
616.
616.
616.
616.
616.
616.
616.
616.
616.
616.
616.
616.
616.
616.
k/1401
k/1407
k/1755
k/1784
k/1901
k/1935
k/1956
k/2339
k/2739
a
k/2964
k/3068
k/3603
k/3733
k/3803
k/3871
k/4002
k/4156
k/4177
k/4201
k/4291
k/4297
k/4402
k/4476
k/4491
k/4520
k/4737
k/4779
k/4783

been weak and strong form
alan
the (definite article)
well (adjective and adverb)
articles (a/an and the)
and well
well and good
and when
and if
dropped after where
to dropped
page
page
page
page
page
616.3
616.3
616.3
616.3
616.3
616.3
616.3
616.3
616.3
616.3
616.3
616.3
616.3
616.3
61-63,65-68,70
61-64,68-7
617
61-7
617.1
617.1
618
618
619
619
62
62
62
62
62
k/0470
k/0692
k/0945
k/0968
k/1965
k/1989
k/2009
k/2014
k/2879
k/3687
k/3698
k/4135
k/4599
k/4649
k/0461
k/4160
k/4504
k/0779
k/1872
k/4507
k/2130
k/4551
k/4294
k/4567
k/0577
k/0722
k/0837
k/0966
k/1099
page
earth who on earth etc
what the fuck etc
why the hell etc
however
how on earth, the hell, the fuck etc
and whether
on earth who on earth etc
whether ... or
the hell, what the hell etc
what ever
what on earth, the hell, the [uck etc
where on earth, the hell, the fu.ck etc
whether ... or
who, which and what
who ever
who on earth, the hell, the fu.ck etc
who's and whose
why ever
why on earth, the hell, the fu.ck etc
and if
what (question word)
what, which and who
which (question word)
which, what and who
who (question word)
which
which of
whom (question word)
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
621
622
622
622
622
622
622.3
622.3
623, 312.
k/1217
k/1454
k/1791
k/1982
k/2055
k/2063
k/2131
k/2994
k/3049
k/4183
k/4539
k/4542
k/4569
k/4577
k/4607
k/4608
k/4609
k/4620
k/4631
k/4632
k/4575
k/4524
k/4529
k/4578
k/4585
k/4596
k/2961
k/4579
k/4616
and whom
and whom
who ever etc
when ever
however (conjunction)
whatever
whenever
wherever
whichever
whoever
short answer
meaning 'at all'
basic information
and why not
why
why + infinitive without to
will various uses
want and will
and want
page
page
page
page
page
page
page
page
page
wish (verb) meanings and structures
623, 312.9
623, 312.9
624
624
625
625
625
625
625
625
625.7
625.8
62-6
628
628.3
628.3
629
629.8
629.8
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
630
k/4597
k/4605
k/1572
k/4558
k/2067
k/4544
k/4560
k/4572
k/4589
k/4610
k/4547
k/4546
k/0780
k/4627
k/2265
k/4626
k/4642
k/4468
k/4644
k/1314
k/1426
k/1555
k/1705
k/1824
k/1953
k/2202
k/2313
k/2437
k/4657
after wish
after wish
wish
wish ... would
after wish
with meanings and use
worth structures
well worth
worthwhile
would various uses
and would
and used to
no (answer) and yes
yes and no
page
page
page
page
in indirect speech page
page
page
younger/ page
see also relative structures page
page
the
page
Sorry and page
page
page
630.4
630.4
630.4,5
630.5
630.5
631
632
632.
632.
633
633.
633.8
634
634
64
64
64
64
64
64
64
64
64
64
64.8
65
65
65
65
k/3146
k/4516
k/4661
k/4662
k/4726
k/4665
k/4722
k/4512
k/4724
k/4725
k/4409
k/4727
k/2818
k/4765
k/2568
k/2681
k/2803
k/2922
k/3061
k/3169
k/3286
k/3411
k/3534
k/3652
k/3409
k/3766
k/3898
k/4022
k/4157
page
page
what, why page
tenses after page
page
a and an: the difference
the difference between a and an
pronunciation of: a/an
some or no article
nature without the
society without the
generalisations (e.g. a child needs ... )
the country
the sea
the town
the weather
agree and accept
special rules and exceptions
see also a/an, the as (reason) as, because, since and for
cold as it was etc
as (time) as, when and while
as such
as usual
for, as, because and since
with as if ('unreal past')
per (e.g.
since, as, because and for
65
65
65
65
65
65.
65.7
65.7
67
68.1, 69.
68.1, 69.
68.2
69.
69.
69.
69.
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
k/4280
k/4403
k/4530
k/4660
k/4791
k/0781
k/0467
k/3390
k/3869
k/2747
k/3861
k/0464
k/1282
k/3628
k/4325
k/4495
k/0468
k/0600
k/0805
k/0814
k/0816
k/0829
k/0836
k/0856
k/0860
k/1748
k/3137
k/3155
k/3764
tired though she was ete

as usual
following article dropped
days, months and seasons
in double expressions
in bed etc
man and woman
autumn with or without the
bed expressions without article
bicycle by bicycle
by car, bus etc
car by car
church expressions without article
college expressions without article
dropping the after both
expressions without article
hospital expressions without article
in bed, hospital etc
night at night
article dropped after a number of
on foot
prison expressions without article
spring with or without the
summer with or without the
in bed etc
tube by tube
7
7
70.
70.
70.
70.
70.
70.
70.
70.
70.
70.
70.
70.
70.
70.
70.
70.
70.
70.
70.
70.
70.
70.
70.
70.
70.
70.
70.
k/4258
k/4411
k/0622
k/0682
k/0784
k/0791
k/0794
k/0796
k/0907
k/0967
k/1014
k/1039
k/1082
k/1125
k/1163
k/1184
k/1505
k/2020
k/2033
k/2178
k/2815
k/2930
k/2995
k/3360
k/3966
k/4033
k/4167
k/4347
k/4381
winter with or without the

illnesses
jobs and positions
measurements (by the kilo etc)
musical instruments
newspapers and magazines
parts of the body
place names
radio, cinema, theatre and television
at night
at school, university etc
boat by boat
bus by bus
by the kilo etc
the cinema
day by day
articles (What a ... n
foot on foot
geographical names article use
with or without the
King, Queen etc without article
musical instruments article use
plane by plane
President etc without article
Queen, King etc without article
(the) radio
school expressions without article
sea expressions without article
70.
70.
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
k/4655
k/4719
k/0793
k/0795
k/0797
k/0798
k/0799
k/0801
k/0802
k/0803
k/0882
k/0888
k/1029
k/1058
k/1076
k/1165
k/1312
k/1632
k/1737
k/1823
k/2155
k/2405
k/2724
k/3219
k/3347
k/3450
k/3481
k/3621
k/3627
television without article

measurements (by the kilo etc)
musical instruments
parts of the body
radio, cinema, theatre and television
(the) theatre
to bed/school! hospital etc
town expressions without article
train by train
without article
place-names articles
after possessive's
articles dropped
after possessive's
in noun + noun compounds
in noun + noun compounds
after both and all
after kind of etc
article dropped after sort of
Index dropped after amount/ number of
after amount/number of
without article
because, as, since and for
and simple forms with as, when and while
when, as and while
while, as and when
just as! when
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.17
70.3
70.3
70.3
70.4
70.4
70.5
70.6
70.6
70.6
70.6
70.7
70.7
70.8
72
73
73
73
73.3
k/4093
k/4168
k/4169
k/4170
k/4171
k/4194
k/4296
k/4323
k/4327
k/4351
k/3216
k/0789
k/3255
k/4164
k/0788
k/4163
k/0786
k/0787
k/2392
k/3904
k/4356
k/0785
k/4162
k/4673
k/0963
k/3370
k/4556
k/4591
k/2380
while in Germany etc

when turning, when ready etc
as if
as though
after as iflthough
meaning 'as if'
as long as
as well as
ask
again and back
asleep and sleeping
at all
at first and first
and waking
awake (verb), wake and (a)waken
back and again
bath and bathe
and according to me
place
time
he's sick / he's being sick
wake, awake and (a)waken
at after verbs
at and to
in and to
to (preposition) and atl in
point at or to
shout at or to
throw at/to
73.4
73.4, 177.1
74
74
74.2
74.3
75
78
79
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
80
80
80
80
80.
80.3
80.3
k/4593
k/4559
k/0845
k/0857
k/4515
k/2491
k/0849
k/0864
k/0867
k/0582
k/0875
k/0890
k/0892
k/0915
k/0916
k/0918
k/0929
k/3037
k/3303
k/3307
k/3743
k/4461
k/0879
k/0881
k/2176
k/4292
k/3233
k/3736
k/4267
at, on and in (place)

in (place)
in, at and on
on, at and in
arrive at/in
on/in a boat
on a bus
farm on a farm
on the bus, train etc
page on page ...
picture in a picture
ont in a plane
rain in the rain
sky in the sky
on a train
on (place)
addresses at, in and on
(time)
in (time)
in, at and on
on (time)
on, at and in
Christmas prepositions
Easter prepositions
What time ... ?
in a month's time etc
in a month's time ete
not at all
first (adverb) and at first
81
81
81
81
81.
81.
81.
81.
81.
81.
81.
81.
81.
81.
81.
81.2
81.6
82
82
82
82
82
82.
82.
82.
82.6
82.6
83.3
84
k/0884
k/2174
k/2177
k/2987
k/0774
k/1030
k/1059
k/1662
k/2988
k/3086
k/3206
k/3220
k/3484
k/3806
k/4328
k/2985
k/0516
k/0885
k/2179
k/2183
k/2989
k/2990
k/1162
k/1458
k/4543
k/2180
k/4277
k/2883
k/1712
auxiliary verbs
sleeping and asleep
call back
ring back
progressive forms (I am being etc)
be
beat and win
meaning 'come' or 'gone'
I am to ...
have and be
see also personal pronouns I am to
in front of and before
through, across and over
win and beat
do be, don't be
I am to ... etc
be + infinitive (I am to etc)
infinitives (e.g. to be taken three times a day, nothing to be done)
and have
use of be
cold be cold
colour use of be
height use of be
hot be hot
hungry be hungry
length use of be
shape use of be
size use of be
sleepy be sleepy
85
86.
87.
87.
89
89-92
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
90,268.4
91
91
91.5, 287.
92
92.
92.
92.
92.
92.
92.
92.
92.
92.
92.
k/0908
k/3810
k/1093
k/3586
k/0943
k/0933
k/0959
k/0969
k/1808
k/1946
k/2088
k/2193
k/4265
k/4653
k/0938
k/0939
k/0947
k/3118
k/0934
k/0584
k/1181
k/1189
k/1980
k/2035
k/2071
k/2465
k/3691
k/3805
k/3811
thirsty be thirsty
warm be warm
weight use of be
be afraid
because
just because ... , it doesn't mean
just because ... , it doesn't mean
and because of
before (adverb)
and before
before, first and before that
before
with past perfect
with before
with before
with before
before (conjunction and preposition)
before and in front of
begin and start
and begin
92.
92.
92.
92.1
94
94.
94.
94.1
96
96.
96.3
97.2
97.3
97.3
97.3
97.3
97-98
98
99
99
k/4240
k/4472
k/4500
k/0566
k/0960
k/0964
k/2382
k/0961
k/0970
k/1713
k/0973
k/3335
k/0974
k/3134
k/3162
k/3321
k/0976
k/0979
k/0984
k/3974

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verbs, tense and aspect future

-ing forms -ing

reflexive pronouns (myself

before -ing forms -ing

spoken and written English 31 formality

care take care (of), care (about) care for

born and borne

next but one etc

guess can guess

possible position after noun

comparative and superlative adjectives and adverbs

using comparatives and superlatives

any the worse/wiser etc

true it is true (discourse marker)

I think (discourse marker)

to begin with (discourse marker)

in fact (discourse marker)

all right (showing change of subject)

owing to and due to

blind the blind

not used with each other / one another

while asleep ere

the meaning 'enough'

the only ... ever

without and except

female and feminine

with for and since

shall offers, suggestions, asking for instructions and decisions

host and hostess

direct adjective and adverb

hard adjective and adverb

right for ... to

take (time) for ... to

can't stand ... ing

appreciate ... ing

watch + -ing form or infinitive

+ inversion (auxiliary before subject)

after link verbs (be, seem, look etc)

heavy 'unmarked' use

deduction (concluding that something is certain)

many and much

names and titles (e.g. Peter, Mr Lewis)

neither ... nor

and no matter which

older English verb forms

front in front of, facing and opposite

stopped active past participle

passive (e.g. He is believed to be ... )

passive (is being done)

presume there are presumed to be

him (personal pronoun)

ye (dialect form of plural you)

a place to live etc

-ic and -ical (suffixes)

this Sunday ere (no preposition)

not used with present perfect

period (full stop)

weigh progressive and nonprogressive uses

understand non-progressive verb

hurry without -self

the way (that) she spoke to me etc

understanding complicated sentences

surprising structure with should

arms plural with no singular

牛津英语用法指南条目概览

牛津英语用法指南条目概览