Tai Lieu Huong Dan Su Dung Civil 3D

HNG DN S DNG
AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009
CNG TY TNHH CNG NGH HI HA

HARMONY TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD
TC GI: PHM CNG THNH
Page 1
MC LC
MC LC
LI NI U LM MI..................................................................................7
CHNG 1.
GII
TNG QUAN AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D..................................................8
THIU CHUNG V
AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D.............................................................................8
What's New.......................................................................................................................... 8
Source Code Samples........................................................................................................... 8
Programming Tools and Setup.............................................................................................. 8
Documentation..................................................................................................................... 9
Support................................................................................................................................ 9
Training.............................................................................................................................. 10
NG DNG................................................................................................................... 10
GII THIU GIAO DIN LM VIC..................................................................................11
MT S THAO TC C BN KHI LM VIC VI AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009.....................12
D LIU CA AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009..............................................................................13
Mt s nh dng file d liu dng trong Autocad Civil 3D........................................13
THIT LP BAN U MT BN V.................................................................................14
CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG....................................15
LI NI U................................................................................................................. 15
M BN V MU........................................................................................................... 15
NHP IM................................................................................................................... 17
TO MT THIT K....................................................................................................... 18
THIT K TUYN........................................................................................................... 22
THIT K TRC DC..................................................................................................... 25
Xut trc dc t nhin..............................................................................................25
Thit k trc dc....................................................................................................... 26
MT BNG TUYN CORRIDOR....................................................................................30
Thit k Assembly.................................................................................................... 30
To m hnh tuyn.................................................................................................... 34
To cc mt sau thit k...........................................................................................37
Kim tra s b khi lng......................................................................................... 39
NG NG PIPE...................................................................................................... 39
XUT MT CT NGANG................................................................................................. 41
Xut mt ct ngang.................................................................................................. 41
Xut bng khi lng theo mt ct...........................................................................44
CHNG 3: SURVEY CC VN LIN QUAN N KHO ST........................48
TNG QUAN V MENU SURVEY............................................................................................. 48
THIT LP D LIU....................................................................................................... 49
To mi d n.......................................................................................................... 49
Thit lp thng s ca my o v cc d liu hnh hc.............................................49
Thng s ca my o.......................................................................................................... 49
c tnh d liu hnh hc.................................................................................................... 50
NHP D LIU.............................................................................................................. 51
Nhp d liu t Field Book File.................................................................................52
Ch , ti li d liu khi cn thit........................................................................................ 54
Nhp d liu t th Toolspace Survey.......................................................................56

To im gc Control Points............................................................................................. 56
To hng gc Directions:................................................................................................ 56
To cc d liu ti mt trm my........................................................................................ 57
Creating Survey Data Using the Traverse Editor......................................................59

To d liu kho st qua cng c Survey Command Window...................................59
CALCULATING AN AZIMUTH IN THE ASTRONOMIC DIRECTION CALCULATOR...................................59
PHN TCH D LIU BNH SAI............................................................................................ 60
T MI:.......................................................................................................................... 62
ANALYZING AND REDUCING SURVEY DATA..............................................................................64
HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009

Cng ty TNHH Cng ngh Hi Ha Http://harmonytech.com.vn
Page 2
CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

Querying Survey Data..............................................................................................65
Performing Traverse Analysis...................................................................................67
NGN NG LNH TT DNG TRONG FILE *.FBK.......................................................................69
Point Creation Commands........................................................................................ 69
Point Location Commands........................................................................................72
Point Editing Commands.......................................................................................... 74
Figure Commands.................................................................................................... 75
Intersection Commands........................................................................................... 78
Equipment Correction Commands............................................................................79
Baseline Commands.................................................................................................81
Centerline Commands.............................................................................................. 81
AutoCAD Related Commands...................................................................................82
Miscellaneous Commands........................................................................................83
GII THCH MT S FILE C XUT SAU KHI BNH SAI.............................................................83
File: fv1.trv............................................................................................................... 83
1.lso......................................................................................................................... 84
Ba1.trv..................................................................................................................... 84
CHNG 4: POINT........................................................................................86
TM HIU I TNG POINT................................................................................................ 86
NHP IM VO BN V - POINT.......................................................................................... 86
Cc bi ton c th thng dng:.............................................................................88
Nhp file ta im:......................................................................................................... 88
To im o trc tip trn bn v....................................................................................... 89
To im o t ng polyline........................................................................................... 89
To im t Point ca AutoCAD.......................................................................................... 89
TO NHM IM............................................................................................................... 90
XUT IM RA FILE TA ................................................................................................ 92
Transfer point: Chuyn i nh dng file d liu im.............................................92
DESCRIPTION KEYS............................................................................................................ 92
Tm hiu Description keys........................................................................................92
To mt b lc m m t im - Description Key Set:...............................................93
Cc m lc im................................................................................................................. 94
S dngb lc m va to to nhm im:....................................................................95
CHNG 5: SURFACE - B MT......................................................................97

CC KIU B MT............................................................................................................. 97
TO MT CREATE SURFACE.............................................................................................. 98
To mi mt mt TIN................................................................................................98
Xy dng b mt Grid t DEM File............................................................................99
CC DNG HIN TH C TRNG CA B MT - SURFACE STYLES.............................................100
Surface Styles.................................................................................................................. 100
Label Styles...................................................................................................................... 100
Table Styles...................................................................................................................... 101
PHN TCH HIU CHNH M HNH A HNH (XEM LI HIU SAI I TNG)............................101
H a hnh............................................................................................................. 101
Hng dng chy-Water Drop.................................................................................101
Hiu chnh b mt Edit Surface............................................................................102
Edit Operation........................................................ TIN Surface- Grid Surface- ngha
102
iu c v cha c:........................................................................................102
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT..............................................................................104
Qu trnh to Alignments.......................................................................................104
To Alignment bng Alignment Layout Tools..........................................................105
To on cong trn cng vi phn chuyn tip t mt on Alignment thng - To add a
floating curve with a spiral (from entity, radius, length) off a line.....................................107
To Alignment bng ng Polyline.......................................................................107

To Alignment bng cch Import XML file..............................................................107
Hiu chnh li tuyn................................................................................................ 108

Page 3

Xem xt cc thit lp ca Alignment Hiu chnh Settings ca Alignment.............108
ng dng thay i Settings hiu chnh hin th ca cc Label trn Alignment..............109
THIT K K THUT TUYN......................................................................................... 112

Li ni u.............................................................................................................. 112
Thit k siu cao.................................................................................................... 112
V d tnh siu cao quanh mp gii phn cch gia cho ng 4 ln:...............................120
Mt vi ch .................................................................................................................... 122
Thit k m rng bng trong ng cong...............................................................123

M rng bng theo tiu chun Vit Nam........................................................................... 124
CHNG 7: PROFILE TRC DC.................................................................126

Ty bin hin th trc dc........................................................................................ 126
V d hiu chnh mt trc dc..................................................................................127
Hiu
Hiu
Hiu
Hiu
chnh
chnh
chnh
chnh
li.................................................................................................................. 128
li trc dc t nhin......................................................................................... 134
ng :........................................................................................................ 134
cc thanh d liu trc dc............................................................................... 135
CHNG 8: ASSEMBLIES & SUBASSEMBLY...................................................141

CU TO MT SUBASSEMBLY............................................................................................. 142
TO MT ASSEMBLY........................................................................................................ 143
To mt Assembly t cc Subassembly sn c trong Tool Palettes.........................143
To mt Subassembly t ng Polyline................................................................144
Cc tc v vi mt Subassembly c to bi mt ng Polyline:..................................145
Chn Subassembly va to vo trc ngang...................................................................... 147
CHNG 9: CORRIDOR - M HNH MT BNG TUYN....................................148

CHI TIT C TRNG MT CORRIDOR.................................................................................148
View/ Edit Corridor Section.....................................................................................149
Viewing and Editing the Divided Highway Corridor................................................149
Creating Corridor Surface.......................................................................................154
Rendering Corridors...............................................................................................156
CHNG 10: PIPE NETWORK H THNG NG NG.................................157
CC I TNG CHNH TRONG MT PIPE NETWORK..............................................................157
TM HIU CC MU SN TRONG PART CATALOG.....................................................................158
Cc mu Pipe......................................................................................................... 158
Cc mu Structure.................................................................................................159
TO MI MT PARTS LITS:................................................................................................ 159
Cc thng s kch thc ca Pipe...........................................................................161
Gii thch ngha:............................................................................................................. 161
Cc thng s kch thc ca Structure...................................................................162

Gii thch ngha.............................................................................................................. 162
Ch :..................................................................................................................... 163
THIT K MNG NG NG PIPE NETWORK.....................................................................164
Cc bc thit k Pipe network:.............................................................................164
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
To Surface v Alignment........................................................................................ 164

To cc kiu hin th cho Pipe, Structure trong mt bng, trc dc v trc ngang.....164
To Part List v cc mu ring t Part Builder nu cn thit, to Part Rules..............164
To Pipe Network trn mt bng............................................................................... 164
Kim tra phm vi nh hng giao ct (Checking for Intereferences).........................164
Thit k hnh chiu ng ca Pipe Network..............................................................165
p Part Rules cho cc b phn ca mng..................................................................165
To nhn, bng thng k cc b phn...................................................................... 165
a Pipe Network ra cc trc ngang khi bm theo Alignment..................................165
Thit k Pipe Network trn mt bng......................................................................165

Thm i tng vo mng......................................................................................165
TM HIU PART BUILDER................................................................................................... 165
Tng quan v Part Builder......................................................................................165
Placement Points.................................................................................................... 165

Page 4

CHNG 11: CROSS SECTIONS & VOLUNMES MT CT NGANG V KHI LNG
................................................................................................................. 167
HIU CHNH BNG TRC NGANG TRONG CIVIL 3D..................................................................167
Section View Properties:.........................................................................................167
CREATING SAMPLE LINES.................................................................................................. 168
Kim tra li style: Finished Grade ca Corridor-6a..................................................170
SECTION VIEW PROPERTIES............................................................................................... 171
TNH TON CC LOI KHI LNG............................................................................173
Reviewing Quantity Takeoff Settings......................................................................173
Calculating Quantity Takeoff Volumes....................................................................175
CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO - (CNG MC CH T)....180
STEP 1: THIT K M PHNG NT GIAO BNG CC NG POLYLINES......................................180
SEP 2: TO CC NG ALIGNMENTS C TRNG T CC NG POLYLINES...........................181
STEP 3: THIT K NG CA TRC NG CHNH.........................................................182
STEP 4: THIT K NG CA TRC NG NHNH........................................................182
Thit k mt ct ngang v to m hnh b mt cho ung chnh............................182
Thit k ng cho ng nhnh.......................................................................186
STEP 5: THIT K NG CHO CC NG GII HN NGOI CA NT GIAO.........................188
Xy dng m hnh mt bng ph cho ng nhnh...............................................188
Thit k ng cho ng gii hn ngoi ca nt giao......................................190
STEP 6: LY CAO CHO NG BELLMOUTH....................................................................191
STEP 7: XY DNG CC MT CT TIU BIU CHO NT GIAO.....................................................192
STEP 8: TO CORRIDOR TI NT GIAO................................................................................195
STEP 9: HON THNH M HNH NT GIAO...........................................................................205
CHNG 13: GRADING THIT K M HNH SAN LP & TNH TON KHI LNG
SAN LP..................................................................................................... 210
HIU MT S VN KHI LM VIC....................................................................................210
Cc hp thoi:........................................................................................................ 210
Create Feature lines......................................................................................................... 210
Assign Elevations............................................................................................................. 211
Weeding Factors............................................................................................................... 211
Site Properties:................................................................................................................. 212
Thanh cng c Grading Creation Tools.............................................................................. 213
TO NG FEATURE LINE............................................................................................... 214

To Feature line..................................................................................................... 214
Vch ng Feature line................................................................................................... 215
CHNG 14: PARCEL QUY HOCH CHIA L................................................216

NHNG
CH TRONG THIT K
PARCEL..............................................................................216
CHNG 15: MAP IN AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D......................................................217

CHNG 16: SHARING THE MODEL..............................................................218
PH LC 1: MT S RC RI V LI V CNH BO........................................219
MT VI LI CNH BO TRONG HP THOI PANORAMA:..........................................................219
Warning.................................................................................................................. 219
Imformation........................................................................................................... 219
DRAWING RECOVERY....................................................................................................... 219
PH LC 2: CC HP THOI V NG DNG...................................................223
LABEL STYLE COMPOSER.................................................................................................. 223
Th Information:..................................................................................................... 223
Th General:........................................................................................................... 223
PROFILE VIEW PROPERTIES................................................................................................ 224
Bands..................................................................................................................... 224
Band Type.............................................................................................................. 224
Select Band Style................................................................................................... 224

Page 5

Add >>............................................................................................................................ 224
List of Bands..................................................................................................................... 225
Location............................................................................................................................ 225
PH LC 3: T CHUYN NGNH...................................................................232
PHC
PHC
V SURVEY MENU................................................................................................... 232

V THIT K NG TRONG CIVIL 3D........................................................................234
NHNG VN CN TM HIU THM...........................................................239
LI NI U Lm mi
Ngy 25 12 2007, chnh thc bt u nghin cu tip phn mm AutoCAD
Civil 3D 2009. Vi mong mun trc thng 4-2009 ti s a ra mt ti liu hng
dn s dng phn mm AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 y , a ra mt la chn mi,
mt gii php cho cc d n c s h tng.
y xin gi ln trc mt phn nh mi ngi quan tm tham kho v ng
gp kin, bn tho ny cn kh ln nhn mong mi ngi thng cm.
i vi nhng ngi bt u lm quen vi AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009, hy tm hiu
phn 1& 2 trc sau ty vo nhu cu ca mnh m c th tm hiu lun mt phn
bt k m khng phi theo th t no c.
Mi ng gp xin lin h:
PHM CNG THNH
Cty TNHH Cng ngh Hi Ha P904, 185 Ging V
Mobile: 0912944028
Email: vqtvnndh.pct@gmail.com & thinh_pc@harmonytech.com.vn

Page 6
CHNG 1. TNG QUAN AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D

Gii thiu chung v AutoCAD Civil 3D
AutoCAD Civil 3D is a powerful civil engineering tool incorporating a
dynamic engineering model that allows elements to be automatically updated in
response to changes in your design. Using AutoCAD Civil 3D as a platform, you can
take advantage of industry-standard development tools and technologies when
building applications.
Learn more about the latest AutoCAD Civil 3D features at the AutoCAD Civil 3D
product center.
What's New
AutoCAD Civil 3D API now facilitates access to the speed-based design features
for alignments and profiles. You can specify whether an alignment or profile uses a
design criteria file. Complex curves in alignment geometric entities are now accessible
via the API. New objects and methods have also been added to the Alignment and
Profile APIs. There is a new API in Pipes which provides access to the original model
network part from the AeccGraphProfileNetworkPart object. Several Label objects
have been added to the API in this release, making it possible to create and access
labels programmatically. These improvements have greatly extended the functionality
and flexibility of the AutoCAD Civil 3D API.
Source Code Samples
Since AutoCAD Civil 3D is based upon AutoCAD, you can take advantage of all
the AutoCAD source code samples for ActiveX (COM Automation), VB/VBA, Visual
Lisp, and .NET that are included with the installation of AutoCAD Civil 3D software
in the Samples directory.
The Civil 3D API subdirectory contains samples in VB, VBA, C++, C# and
VB.NET.
Programming Tools and Setup
Because AutoCAD Civil 3D software is based on AutoCAD software, it also
includes VBA, the most popular programming environment in the world, and Visual
LISP.
Using the ActiveX (COM Automation) interface in AutoCAD Civil 3D software,
you can build applications with a variety of programming technologies and
environments including MSVC++, VB, Delphi, and Java.
Page 7

A separate, lightweight C++ API is provided for overriding the graphical display
of AutoCAD Civil 3D objects so that developers can customize the drawing and
display of these objects.
AutoCAD Civil 3D provides .NET Interop assemblies that expose the ActiveX
interfaces so that they can be programmed using .NET technologies, such as VB.NET,
managed C++, and C#. .NET assemblies are also available for creating custom
subassemblies.
Although AutoCAD Civil 3D does not expose an ObjectARX API, applications
built with the AutoCAD ObjectARX SDK or the AutoCAD Map ObjectARX SDK
will run within AutoCAD Civil 3D.
Documentation
Extensive application development documentation for the ActiveX (COM
Automation) API is built into the AutoCAD Civil 3D Help system. The Help system
also contains information on C++ and .NET application development.
The following resource will help you get started with programming Civil 3D. It
assumes familiarity with AutoCAD Civil 3D and general programming concepts.
DevTV: Introduction to Civil 3D Programming NEW !

A self-paced video tutorial demonstrating how to get started developing with Civil
3D.
View online | Download
Support
Public discussion groups provide an open forum for sharing knowledge and
receiving support. Join the AutoCAD Civil 3D General Discussion Group or the
AutoCAD Civil 3D Customization Discussion Group.
Because AutoCAD Civil 3D software is based on AutoCAD software, you might
also find useful software development information in the following AutoCAD
Development Discussion Groups:
Visual LISP, AutoLISP, and General Customization Issues?
VB/VBA/ActiveX CustomizationVB/VBA/ActiveX Customization
ObjectARX Customization
If you would like personalized API support and consulting at your facility, send us
an e-mail. If you need more professional support, consider joining the Autodesk
Developer Network.

Page 8

Training
Check to see if there are any AutoCAD Civil 3D instructor-led training classes
currently scheduled. To register for a scheduled instructor-led training class or to
request that a new class be scheduled, send us an e-mail.
We also offer webcast sessions on the API. These sessions, which usually last
about 3 hours, are led by our API experts who deliver the classroom-based training
classes.
If you would like personalized API training at your facility, send us an e-mail.
NG DNG
AutoCAD Civil 3D c ng dng rt rng tu vo ngi s dng n, c bit c
s dng ph bin cho thit k quy hoch, cc cng trnh dng tuyn nh:
-
Thit k ng ngoi th
ng cao tc
ng th
Thit k nt giao thng
Thit k nng cp
Thit k knh, , p
Thit k h thng ng dn

Page 9
GII THIU GIAO DIN LM VIC
3
4
5
2
Giao din ca Autodesk Civil 3D cng rt trc quan, c nn ca AutoCad v cc
thanh cng c h tr gip ngi dng thao tc cc tc v mt cch nhanh chng nht.
Cc thnh phn c bn trong giao din s dng Autodesk Civil 3D l:
1. Toolspace: Dng qun l cc i tng, bao gm 2 th:
Prospector qun l tp hp cc i tng v Settings qun l
v hiu chnh thuc tnh ca i tng.
2.
Item view: Hin th danh sch vi ni dung ca cc i tng

khi c la chn trong Toolspace.
3. Standardized menus: Bao gm cc menu cha cc nhm lnh

y cho tng cng vic c th. AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 bao
gm thm mt s menu trong Land Desktop c.
4. Layout-tools
5. Panorama: Thanh cng c hiu chnh tng hp cc i tng c
c tnh Edit *** Geometry

Page 10
MT S THAO TC C BN KHI LM VIC VI

AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009
C vi thao tc c bn s s dng nhiu trong qua trnh lm vic vi AutoCAD
Civil 3D nh sau:
- Khi ci t, ngi dng la chn a ch lu th mc Civil 3D Project, th mc
ny s lu cc d n trong qu trnh lm vic, ta s thy ng dng ca n trong cc
chng sau.
- xem hay tm mt i tng, kch chut phi vo i tng trong thanh cng
c qun l (Toolspace, Panorama, Item view ) - chn Zoom to
- Hiu chnh cc thit t ca i tng (cch thc th hin ca i tng: mu
sc, v tr, kch thc ) ta s dng th Settings trn thanh Toolspace
- Hiu chnh i tng vi thanh cng c Panorama: chn biu tng
thanh cng c Layout tools.
trong
- Chn mt nhm i tng (thuc nhn) (*): kch chut tri vo mt nhn, cc
nhn cng nhm s cng c la chn.
- Chn mt ring l nhn thuc nhm: Bm Ctrl + kch chut tri vo cc nhn
cn chn, cc nhn khc trong nhm s khng c chn. (iu ny ch c trong Civil
2009).
(*)
nhn (label) v d nh tn ca mt mt ct hoc tn cc trong mt bng tuyn,

tc l trong Alignment (Civil 3D).
- Trong cc giai on chuyn su nh tnh ton khi lng o p, lu lng
dng chy nn kt hp vi Excel c mt k qu tt hn v nhanh hn, trong cc
bng tnh trong civil 3D nh hnh di, kch chut phi vo bng chn Copy to
Clipboard.

Page 11

-
- Khi lm quen vi Civil 3D hay Autodesk Land Desktop, sau tng giai on
thit k nn xut sang nh dng LandXML qun l v c th lm d liu song
song cho cc phn mm khc. Hu ht cc phn mm thit k xy dng khc hin nay
c th c v xut kt qu ra cc file nh dng LandXM.
- Trong AutoCAD Civil 3D cc nhn ca i tng (v d nh tn cc ti v tr
tip u) c k hiu thng thng vit tt bi thut ng ting Anh, c th thay
i ta lm nh sau: trn thanh Toolspace\ th Settings\ Kch chut phi vo tn bn v
chn Edit Drawing Setting, trong hp thoi Drawing Setting chn th
Abbreviations.
- Cc li trong qua trnh thao tc (Error Codes): Xem t trang 100 file Civil_ug
trong th mc Help sau khi ci t chng trnh.
D liu ca AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009.

D liu u vo ca AutoCAD Civil 3D c th l cc dng sau:
- Tp cao trnh.
- Tp d liu kho st (*.fbk), d liu kho st nhp tay dng s o.
- Cc dng s ha.
- Cc i tng 3D ca AutoCAD: text, block, polyline.
- D liu xut ra t Land Desktop.
Mt s nh dng file d liu dng trong Autocad Civil 3D.

DEM, DGN, DWFTM, E00, LandXML, SDTS v SHP

Page 12
THIT LP BAN U MT BN V
AutoCAD Civil 3D s dng 2 h o lng l h o lng Anh (feet) v h o

lng mt (m).
Khi lm vic cn thng nhp chung mt h o lng cho cc gi tr, nh cao ,
khong cch, n v o
Khuyn co, sau khi la chn h o lng, nn s dng cc bn v mu
(template) c sn trong th mc Template ca chng trnh s dng.
thay i li h o lng ta lm vic vi hp thoi Drawing Settings:
-
Trong th Settings trn thanh Toolspace, kch chut phi vo tn bn v v

chn Edit Drawing Settings
Trong hp thoi Drawing Settings, thay i h n v s dng trong th

Units-Zone v th Ambient Settings.

Page 13

LI NI U
V d ny s tin hnh lm th mt bi n gin trong Civil 3D lin quan n bi
ton thit k ng, trong qu trnh lm ta s dn hiu thm cc khi nim c bn v
i tng ca Civil 3D tng ng vi cng vic thc t nh th no. Bi ton s i
qua cc phn chnh sau:
-
M mt bn v mu mu (Drawing Templete).
Nhp im (Point).
To b mt (Surface), nhp d liu vo b mt, thay i mt s dng hin

th ca b mt (Surface Style)
Vch tuyn (Alignment)
Thit k trc dc (Profile)
Mt bng tuyn (Corridor)
Thit k ng ng (Pipe)
Xut trc ngang (Section) v khi lng.
Cc bc lm khng i vo chi tit m ch yu l theo cc bc.

Trong qu trnh lm, c th kt qu ca cc bn s khc vi kt qu th hin trong
bi, tuy nhin iu ny khng quan trng, quan trng l ta nm c bn c cc bc
lm, hiu s qua cc i tng ca phn mm tng ng vi cng vic no ngoi thc
t, sau xem thm trong cc chng sau hon thin kh nng ng dng.
M BN V MU
Khi ng chng trnh AutoCAD Civil 3D.
M mt bn v mu, chn kiu file l Drawing Templete (*.dwt) v tm n file
mu c to sn lu trong th mc Chuong 2 ca a hng dn _AutoCAD Civil
3D (Metric) TCVN nh di hnh 2.1:
Save As bn v sang mt th mc khc, trong v d ny ly tn bn v l: Chuong
2 ban ve 1:

Page 14
Hnh 2.1: M bn v mu.
Kim tra n v v t l ca bn v:
-
Trong th Settings ca thanh Toolspace, kch chut phi vo tn bn v,

chn Edit Drawing Settings
Trong hp thoi Drawing Settings, khi xem xt cc th s thy n v s

dng l h mt v t l bn v y l 1:1000
Hnh 2.2: Kim tra n v v t l bn v.
Chn OK kt thc hp thoi.

Page 15
NHP IM
- Trn thanh Toolspace chn th Prospector
- Kch chut phi vo Points, chn Create, xut hin thanh cng c Create Points:
Hnh 2.3: Create Points.
M rng thng s Default Layer v chuyn t lp 0 v lp V-NODE.

- Chn Import Points, xut hin hp thoi Import Points nh sau :
Hnh 2.4: Import Point.
Kch OK kt thc thao tc nhp im

Page 16

Zoom All nu khng thy im xut hin. Kt qu ta c nh sau:
Hnh 2.5: Bn v sau khi c nhp im.
TO MT THIT K
Trong thanh Toolspace chn th Prospector tab:
-
Kch chut phi vo i tng Surface chn Create Surface:
Hnh 2.6: To mt.
Chn kiu mt l TIN surface v t tn l EG.
Kch OK kt thc hp thoi trn.

Page 17

-
M rng cy i tng Surface s thy mt EG va to, m rng tip mt

EG, chn Definition, kch phi chut vo Point Group, chn Add, xut hin
hp thoi sau:
Hnh 2.7: Nhp nhm im vo bn v.
Chn _All Point, kch OK kt thc cng vic.
Hnh 2.8: B mt EG.
Hnh 2.8 cho ta thy b mt EG sau khi nhn ton b im trong bn v lm d

liu.
Kiu hin th cho b mt (surface style) dng cc ng ng mc (Contours
2m and 10m (Background)) c nhn nh trong hnh 2.6. Kiu hin th ny ta c th
Page 18

t to mi v hiu chnh chng, ta c th xem qua mt vi kiu nh sn trong bn v
mu nh sau:
-
Trong nhn Prospector trn thanh Toolspace, kch vo Surface. phn Item
view (xem hnh 1.1 chng 1) s thy ton b danh sch cc mt c to
ra, kch vo tn ca Surface Style ang hin hnh nh hnh di y:
Hnh 2.9: Thay i Surface Style.
Lc ny sut hin hp thoi Select Surface Style:
Hnh 2.10: Cc mu Surface Style sn trong Drawing Templete.

Page 19

Kch vo biu tng , trn thanh tri xung ta c cc dng hin th b mt
c nh ngha sn, tt c cc kiu ny c qun l chnh trong th Setting ca
thanh cng c Toolspace:
Hnh 2.11: Xem Surface Styles trong th Settings trn thanh Toolspace.

Page 20
THIT K TUYN
-
Trong Alignments menu, chn Create Aligment by layout, xut hin hp

thoi sau:
Hnh 2.12: Create Alignment by Layout.
Chn cc thit lp trong th General nh trn hnh, khng quan tm n th

Design Criteria vi. Kch Ok tip tc.
Trn thanh Alignment Layout Tools, kch vo mi tn nh trong hnh di

y:
Hnh 2.13: Alignment Layout Tools.

Page 21
Hnh 2.14: Cc la chn thit k s b Alignment.
Trn danh sch tri xung chn Curve and Spiral Setting v la chn cc thng
s nh trong hnh v, kch OK tip tc:
Hnh 2.15: Curve and Spiral Setting.
Lp li thao tc trn thanh Alignment Layout Tools v chn phn TangentTangent (With curves) trong hnh 2.14 vch tuyn ng thi t ng b tr ng
cong lun. Vic thit lp cc thng s trong ng cong nm c th hn nh th no
ta s xem trong Chng 6.
Ta vch s b mt tuyn gm hai cnh tuyn bng cch kch ln m hnh a hnh
3 nh ca tuyn. Kt qu s ging nh trong hnh di y:

Page 22
Hnh 2.16: Vch tuyn.
Trn thanh cng c Alignment Layout Tools, chn vo biu tng

Alignment
Grid View, trong hp thoi hin ra ta s xem xt c ton b cc thng s hnh hc
v tuyn va vch, ta c th hiu chnh cc thng s c hin sng:
Hnh 2.17: cc thng s hnh hc ca Alignment.
Ch : nu ta l tt thanh cng c Alignment Layout Tools, ta c th ly li bng

cch kch chut phi vo Alignment v chn Edit Alignment Geometry hoc la chn
chc nng ny trn Alignments menu.

Page 23
THIT K TRC DC
Xut trc dc t nhin
-
Trong Profiles menu, chn Create Profile from Surface, xut hin hp
thoi:
Hnh 2.18: Create Profile from Surface.
Trong hp thoi Create Profile from Surface, la chn Alignment l Tuyn AB

va thit k, Surface l b mt EG. Kch vo nt Add>>, sau kch vo nt Draw in
profile view, ta c:

Page 24
Hnh 2.19: Create Profile View.
Trong hp thoi Create Profile View, th General, chn cc thng s nh trn

hnh, kch nt Create Profile View v chn mt im ngoi bn v chn bng trc
dc, kt qu c nh sau:
Hnh 2.20: Trc dc t nhin.
Thit k trc dc
Thit k trc dc hay thit k ng ca tuyn.
-
Trong Profiles menu, chn Create Profile by Layout Trong hp thoi cu

lnh Command xut hin dng nhc: Select Profile view to create profile,
kch chut vo khung trc dc (khng kch vo ng trc dc t nhin),
xut hin hp thoi:

Page 25
Hnh 2.21: Create Profile Draw New
Trong hp thoi Create Profile-Draw New, t tn cho ng thit k v

la chn cc thit lp trong th General nh trn hnh, khng quan tm n
cc thng s trong th Design Criteria. Kch OK tip tc, s xut hin
hp thoi:
Hnh 2.22: Profile Layout Tools ng 01.
Ta nhn thy thanh cng c Profile Layout Tools y gn tng t vi thanh

cng c Alignment Layout Tools.
Tng t ta cng kch vo mi tn trong biu tng
thit lp cc thng s cho ng cong ng:

v chn Curve Setting
Page 26
Hnh 2.23: Vertical Curve Settings.
OK kt thc hp thoi, trn thanh cng c Profile Layout Tools, chn Draw
Tangents With Curves v thit k s trc dc gm hai cnh nh sau:
Hnh 2.24: ng .
Zoom ln ta c th xem thng s ng cong ng lm qua nhn ca Profile

(TCVN Profile label set).

Page 27
Hnh 2.25: Thng s ng cong ng.
Ta s thm mt s thng tin y cho bng trc dc nh sau:

-
Kch phi chut vo bng trc dc v chn Profile View Properties,
Hnh 2.26: D liu bng trc dc.
Trong hp thoi Profile View Properties, chn th Bands, chn Import band set
v chn TCVN Profile View Band Set. Kch Ok n khi thot ht hp thoi. Kt qu
bng trc dc s c nh hnh di y:

Page 28
Hnh 2.27: Kt qu thit k trc dc.
MT BNG TUYN CORRIDOR

Thit k Assembly
Mt Assembly c th coi nh mt mu mt ct ngang, mt bng ca mt tuyn c
th gm nhiu Assembly khc nhau.
Sau ny khi ta hiu k hn v Corridor, ta s bit c trong mt Corridor c th
gm nhiu Alignment, v mi Alignment trong li cha nhiu Assembly, v khi
trong Corridor cng c thit k theo nhiu Profile khc nhau.
-
Trn menu General chn Tool Palettes Window, lc ny trong chng trnh
s xut hin thm mt thanh cng c Tool Palettes, kch chut phi vo
phn tn ca thanh cng c ny v kch chn phn Civil 3D Metric nh
hnh di:

Page 29

Hnh 2.28: Tool Palettes.
i vi AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 tr i c th dng cc mu Assembly v d sn

c trong th Assemblies Metric dng lun bng cch kch chn mt mu v kch
ra ngoi bn v to Assembly.
V d chn mu u tin Basic Assembly ta s c nh sau trong bn v:
Hnh 2.29: Basic Assembly.
Mt Assembly s c cu thnh bi nhiu Subassembly khc nhau tng ng

vi cc i tng nh mt phn xe chy, l gia c, taluy,
Ta s lm theo cc bc sau t to mt Assembly gn ging nh trn, tuy nhin
y ta cng khng quan tm nhiu n cc thng s ca tng Subassembly.
-
Trn menu Corridor, chn Create Assembly:

Page 30

Hnh 2.30: Create Assembly.
t tn v thit lp cc thng s nh trn hnh. Kch OK kt thc hp thoi,

kch mt im trn bn v trn trc gia Assembly v c dng nh hnh di y:
Hnh 2.31: Assembly.
y c coi l mt Assembly, tuy nhin cha hon chnh.

-
Trn thanh Tool Palettes, chn th Metric Basic. Dng cc Subassembly

sau:
o BasicLane thit k mt ng.
o BasicCurbAndGutter thit k k chn nc.
o BasicSidewalk thit k l ng.
o BasicSideSlopeCurDitch thit k taluy ng.
Thao tc v d vi mt SubAssembly nh sau:

-
Kch chn Subassembly BasicLane, xut hin hp thoi Properties ca

Subassembly nh hnh sau, ch thuc tnh Side quy nh chiu chn
Subassembly, ta hiu rng khi thit k na tri hay phi ca mt mt ct
ngang th thuc tnh ny phi l nh nhau cho mi Subassembly:

Page 31
Hnh 2.32: Cc thng s tng ng trong mt Subassembly.
Ngoi bn v xut hin hnh vung yu cu kch vo im lin kt trong

Assembly v lu c rt nhiu im chn trong mt Assembly hay mt
Subassembly v ta phi kch ng theo nhu cu, chn BasicLand l phn
ni lin vi trc gia ca Assembly ta chn nh hng dn di hnh:
Hnh 2.33: Chn BasicLaneChn BasicLane.
Ta ch , im tri trn hoc phi trn c bao bi cc vng trn nh s l cc

im chn cho cc Subassembly khc cng pha.
Lm tng t cho cc Subassembly khc v lm c hai pha, kt qu cui cng ta
s c nh hnh di y:

Page 32
Hnh 2.34: Assembly Mt ct VD1 khi hon chnh.
To m hnh tuyn
-
Trn menu Corridors, chn Create corridors.
Dng lnh Command s nhc ta chn Alignment, chn Profile, chn

Assembly ln lt nh sau:
Select a baseline alignment <or press enter key to select from list>:
Select a profile <or press enter key to select from list>:
Select an assembly <or press enter key to select from list>:
Ta c th ln lt kch chn cc i tng trong bn v hoc kch chut phi hay

phm bt k chn i tng trong danh sch nhm cc i tng v d nh hnh:
Hnh 2.35: Select a Profile.
Sau khi chn xong cc i tng, xut hin hp thoi sau:

Page 33
Hnh 2.36: Create Corridor.
Trong hp thoi Create Corridor, t tn cho Corridor v chn vo nt Set

all Targets, xut hin tip hp thoi nh hnh di:
Hnh 2.37: Set all Target.
Kch vo dng ch <Click here to set all> v chn mt EG trong hp thoi

Pick a Surface.

Page 34

-
Kch OK n khi kt thc cc hp thoi, lc ny Corridor hay mt bng

tuyn s c to ra trong bn v nh hnh di y:
Hnh 2.38: Mt bng tuyn sau khi hon tt.
Kch phi vo Corridor va to, chn Object Viewer, trong hp thoi Object
Viewer ta c th xem m hnh nhiu hng khc nhau.

Page 35
Hnh 2.39: Quan st Corridor trong Object Viewer.
To cc mt sau thit k
Kt qu vic to cc mt ny s phc v ta khi thit k mng ng ng v tnh
ton cc dng khi lng.
-
Ta to hai mt:
o Mt trn cng ca mt bng tuyn, v d mt ny s quy nh cao
ca vo ca h ga.
o Mt di cng ca mt bng tuyn, l mt khng bao gm kt cu o
ng.
Kch phi chut vo m hnh Corridor va to trn, chn Corridor

Properties xut hin hp thoi sau:

Page 36
Hnh 2.40: To mt trong Corridor Properties.
Thao tc cc bc ln lt nh trn hnh, ti bc 3 s chn Top v Datum.

t li tn cho mt d nh hn.
Sau khi c kt qu nh hnh trn, chuyn sang th Boundaries:
Hnh 2.41: To ng bao cho mt Corridor.
Kch OK kt thc cng vic.

Page 37

Kim tra s b khi lng
Trn menu Surfaces chn Utilities, chn Volumes, xut hin hp thoi:
Hnh 2.42: Khi lng s b.
Trong hp thoi Panorama, kch vo biu tng , chn mt chun, mt so snh

trong th Surface Pair, ta nhn c cc khi lng bn th Volume.
Khi thay i trc dc (thay i ng ) tc l s lm thay i mt chun, ta s
nhn c s liu o p mi t thay i sau khi ta chn biu tng .
y ch l khi lng tng khi so snh hai mt vi nhau, mt t nhin v mt sau
thit k. Khi lng theo tng mt ct ngang s lm phn tip theo.
NG NG PIPE
-
Trn menu Pipes, chn Create Pipe Network by Layout, xut hin hp
thoi nh hnh di y:
Hnh 2.43: Create Pipe Network.

Page 38

-
Chn cc thng s nh trn hnh, kch Ok kt thc hp thoi, lc ny s

xut hin thanh cng c Layout Tools nh hnh di:
Hnh 2.44: Network Layout Tools.
Trong phn Structure list chn: Concentric Cylindrical Structure SI/

Concentric Structure 1,500 dia 530 frame 900 cone.
Trong phn Pipe list chn: 1,050 mm RPC
Trong phn Toggle Upslope/Downslope: Chn nh trong hnh.
Trong phn Draw Pipes and Structures chn: Pipes and Structures.
Trong dng lnh Command, nh lnh so
Trong dng lnh Command xut hin cu nhc la trn Alignemtn

>>Select alignment: kch chn vo Alignment (tim tuyn), nu la chn
ng, ti dng lnh Command s hi l trnh chn mng ng ng:
o >>Specify station along alignment: 100 tip tc.
o >>Specify station offset: 3.6 tip tc.
Lp li bc trn cho l trnh 200m v 300m.
Ch : Khi kch chn Alignment nu khng chn c ta c th tm tt lp CROAD-CORR:

Kt qu thit k c nh trong hnh di y:
Hnh 2.45: Pipe Network sau khi thit k.
Kch chn c Structure v Pipe, sau kch chut phi chn Object View, ta c
th qua st mng ng ng di dng 3D nh sau:

Page 39
Hnh 2.46: Xem mng ng ng trong Object Viewer.
XUT MT CT NGANG
Xut mt ct ngang
-
Trn menu Sections, chn Create Sample Lines Trong dng lnh
Command xut hin dng nhc Select an Alignment, kch vo Alignment l
Tuyn AB hoc kch chut phi chn trong hp thoi Select Alignment:
Hnh 2.47: Selec Alignment.

Page 40

-
Chn Tuyn AB, kch OK kt thc hp thoi trn, ng thi xut hin
hp thoi Create Sample Line Group:
Hnh 2.48: Create Sample Line Group.
B du tch dng Network (1) nh trn hnh, lc ny khi xut mt ct

ngang s khng c mt ct ng ng trong , tuy nhin do trn khi ta
thit k ng ng ch mi thit k trn mt bng m cha thit k cc cao
nn cha hon chnh.
Kch OK kt thc hp thoi Create Sample Line Group, xut hin thanh
cng c Sample Line Tools:
Hnh 2.49: Samplle Line Tools.
Kch vo biu tng

thoi nh hnh di:
v chn From corridor stations, xut hin hp

Page 41
Hnh 2.50: Create Sample Lines From Corridor Stations.
C th kch OK kt thc lun cng vic.
Lc nay trn Corridor xut hin cc ng mt ct ngang, ta c th xut mt ct

ngang ti mt ng mt ct no hay xut ton b mt ct ngang bng cch chn
trong menu Sections, chn Create View xut mt mt ct ngang, hoc chn
Create Multiple Views xut ton b.
Nhm trc ngang c xut ra ngoi bn v nh sau:
Hnh 2.51: Cc mt ct ngang xut ra trong bn v.
Vic hiu chnh hin th cc thng s mt ct ngang theo cc mu ca Vit Nam

cng c thc hin gn nh trong bng trc dc m ta xut ra. Xem thm trong
Chng 10.

Page 42

Xut bng khi lng theo mt ct
Kim tra li cc i tng sau khi hon thnh vic thit k s b mt tuyn bng
cch m rng cc cy i tng trong th Prospector trn thanh Toolspace nh hnh
di:
Hnh 2.52: Cc i tng sau khi thit k.
Ta xut bng khi lng o p theo mt ct qua cc bc nh sau:

-
Vo menu Sections chn Compute Materials, xut hin hp thoi:

Page 43
Hnh 2.53: Select a Sample Line Group.
Kim tra li cc i tng trong hnh 2.50, nu thy ng, kch OK thao
tc tip.
Hnh 2.54: La chn dng tnh ton v mt so snh.
Trong hp thoi Compute Materials chn nh hnh trn:

o Quantity takeoff criteria chn: Eathworks.
o Existing Ground chn: EG.
o Datum chn: Mt bng Tuyn AB (Datum)
Kch OK kt thc cng vic.

Page 44

-
Vo menu Sections, chn Add Tables v chn Total Volume, xut hin hp
thoi nh hnh di:
Hnh 2.55: Cc thng s cho bng khi lng.
C th OK lun kt thc hp thoi, kch mt im ngoi bn v chn

bng khi lng, ta s c kt qu nh trong hnh di y:

Page 45
Hnh 2.56: Bng khi lng o p theo mt ct.

Page 46
CHNG 3: SURVEY CC VN LIN QUAN N KHO ST
CHNG 3: SURVEY CC VN LIN QUAN

N KHO ST
Tng quan v menu Survey
Hnh 3.1
Mi thao tc sau ny lin quan Survey s kt hp lm trn menu Survey v c trn

thanh cng c Toolspace.
D n lin quan n kho st c chng trnh lu trong th mc Civil 3D

Projects c t mc nh trong qu trnh ci t, v d khi bn to mi mt Survey
Databases l th th tn ti mt th mc con th trong th mc Civil 3D Projects v
cha cc d liu lin qua, t d liu nhp vo n cc file kt qu bnh sai.
Mt d n kho st(v d nh d n th trn) bao gm cc phn sau:
-
Networks:

Page 47

-
Network groups:
Figures:
Figure groups:
Survey Points:
Survey Point group:
Trong phn ny s lm theo bi tp tutorial trong Help Civil 3D
THIT LP D LIU
To mi d n
M th Survey trong thanh Toolspace, kch chut phi vo Survey Databases
chn New local survey databaset tn l Survey 1.
Thit lp thng s ca my o v cc d liu hnh hc

Thng s ca my o
Trong thanh Toolspace, chn th Survey, kch chut phi vo Equipment
Databases collection, chn New.
Trong hp thoi New Equipment Database, t tn cho thng s ca my
(equipment database) l Survey 1. Chng trnh cng to mc nh cho ta mt dng
vi tn l Sample.
Nh vy y ta c th hiu l, vi mt d n (Survey 1) ta c mt nhm dng
my phc v d n vi mi dng my hay dng c o v a hnh c cc thng s
khc nhau nh v chnh xc, n v s dng, dng gc o qu trnh nhp d liu
kho st u vo v tnh ton phn tch s liu sau ny s s dng cc thng s ny
lm vic.
To mi mt thng s cho dng c o c: kch chut phi vo nhm my (dng
c) Survey 1, chn New. Trong hp thoi New Equipment, thuc tnh Miscellaneous
t tn l Survey 1, ti y ta c th thay i cc thng s k thut cho dng my o
c s s dng.
Page 48
Nh vy y ta c 2 nhm my l Survey 1 v Sample. cc cng tc sau ny

s s dng thng s k thut ca nhm no ta kch chut phi vo nhm v chn
Make current.
c tnh d liu hnh hc

Kch chut phi vo Figure Prefix Databases, chn New.
t tn cho dng d liu hnh hc ny l Survey 1 trong hp thoi New Figre
Prefix.

Page 49

M rng phn Figure Prefix Databases, kch chut phi vo Survey 1 va to,
chn New, trong hp thoi New Figure Prefix, trong ct Value i tn li l LOT, v
chc chn rng thuc tnh Lot Line c chn, t li thuc tnh Site l Survey 1.
M rng phn Figure Prefix Databases, kch chut phi vo Survey 1 chn Make
current.

Page 50
NHP D LIU
D liu cu mt mng kho st (Network)
s v cc im gc (Control points), d liu
nh hng gc (Directions) hng gc
c xc nh ch da vo ta mt im
gc v gc, d liu v mt trm my (Setups).
bao gm cc thng
hiu chnh d liu no ta kich chut

vo i tng chn Edit.
i vi d liu v mt trm my bao gm
mt phn v khai bo trm my (Station) v
hng cho trm my (Backsight), mt
phn v cc im o trong trm my (Observations).
phi
im
nh
AutoCAD Civil 3D h tr 4 cch thc nhp d liu dng o c nh sau:

-
Nhp d liu t file d liu chun nh dng *.fbk (Field book file). Thc
t, file kho st th c th c phn m rng l *.txt thng thng, tuy
nhin cu trc d liu trong phai phi m bo theo ng ngn ng
lnh tt dng trong file kho st th ca Civil 3D.
Nhp d liu t th Toolspace Survey.
Nhp d liu s dng Traverse Editor.
Nhp d liu bng cch s dng Survey Command Window.
Nhp d liu t Field Book File

File kho st s dng trong Civil c nh dng *.fbk, trc ht ta tm hiu mt file
v d c sn trong Tutorial ca Civil 3D trong th mc C:\Program Files\AutoCAD
Civil 3D 2009\Help\Civil 3D Tutorials\ Survey-1.fbk. M file ny ra bng Notepad
v xem qua n.
-
Trong d n Survey 1 va to trn trong Survey Databases, to mt

mng d liu c tn l Survey Network 1 bng cch: kch chut phi vo
Survey 1 chn New, trong hp thoi Netword t tn l Survey Network 1.

Page 51
Kch chut phi vo mng d liu va to chn Import field book, trong
hp thoi Field book file name (.FBK) chn n th mc cha file v d
trn, sau s xut hin hp thoi Import Field Book, trong hp thoi ny
ta s khng ch cc thng s k thut cho qu trnh nhp d liu nh mng
d liu lu tr, dng my o ac, cc thnh phn s hin th trong bn
v
o Show interactive graphics
o Erase survey points from drawing
o Reset network figures
o Insert network object
o Insert figure objects
o Insert survey points
o Display tolerance errors in Event Viewer

Page 52
Kt qu ca vic nhp file Survey Network 1 nh sau:
D liu mt d n bao gm 3 phn chnh l Networks, Figures,Survey Points c

ngha nh sau:
-
Phn Networks: lu tr d liu v cc trm my chnh, my ph, cc

hng nm ti mi trm my (xem hnh di).
Phn Figures: lu tr d liu v hnh hc (xem hnh di).
Phn Survey Points: d liu im thng thng (xem hnh di).
Ch , ti li d liu khi cn thit

D liu nhp xong s lu vo th mc cha d n, c th l nm trong th mc
Civil 3D Project, sau khi tt chng trnh v m li th tm thi chng trnh khng
Page 53

ti d liu ln trnh lm nng chng trnh khi khng cn thit, np li d liu ta
lm nh sau:
Kch chut phi vo d n Survey 1 chn Open survey database, khi ton b
d liu s c np li chng trnh.
Tuy nhin d liu li cha c
hin th ln trn bn v, iu ny
cng gip ta lm nh chng trnh
khi khng cn thit. hin th cc
d liu nh d liu v trm my
im o, d liu hnh hc, ta lm
nh sau:
Kch chut phi vo cc cy d
liu Networks, Network Groups
(nu c), Figures, Figure Groups
(nu c), Survey Points\ Point,
Survey Point Groups\ Point (nu c) v chn Insert in to drawing.
Ngc li c th loi d liu trn bn v m vn tn ti trong d n chng
trnh th ta chn Remove from drawing

Page 54
Nhp d liu t th Toolspace Survey

To im gc Control Points
Trong mt mng kho st (Network), kch chut phi vo Control points chn
New, xut hin hp thoi nh di y:

Page 55

C th kch mt im ngoi bn v bng cch chn vo biu tng
in gi tr cao hoc khng.
, c th
To hng gc Directions:
Trong mt mng kho st, kch chut phi vo Directions chn New, xut hin
hp thoi:
Hng gc ny c xc nh t mt im gc 1 v mt gc bng 160 0 theo dng

Azimuth gc phng v (gc ly vi hng bc theo chiu kim ng h).
im 4000 l mt im nm trong hng ny, khng c ta v khi s khng
nm trong danh sch im trong
.
To cc d liu ti mt trm my
Trong mt mng kho st, kch chut phi vo Setups chn New, xut hin hp
thoi:
ngha cc thng s trong hnh di nh sau:
-
Trm my 1.
Hng ngm v im 4000 (im ny khng c ta , gc ly nh phn

hng gc trn bng 1600). Sau khi nhp im nh hng l 4000, my
tnh s bo im ny cha c ta , c khi to n hay khng, trong hp
thoi xut hin c th chn Yes hoc No, nu ch cn ly lm hng th
khng cn, chn No tip tc.

Page 56

-
Cao my 1.5m
Cao tuyt i ca my bng 201,5m (cao tuyt i trm my 1 bng

200m).
Ta trm my 1.
Sau khi khi to xong trm my, gc nh hng, kch chut phi vo trm my
va khi to c dng Station:<tn trm my>, Backsight:<tn im nh hng>,
trong v d trn l Station:1, Backsight:4000, chn Edit observations, xut hin hp
thoi:

Page 57
Khai bo d liu im o trong bng trn.
Creating Survey Data Using the Traverse Editor

C th nhp d liu kho st qua cng c Traverse Editor nh sau:
To d liu kho st qua cng c Survey Command Window
Calculating an Azimuth in The Astronomic Direction Calculator

Trong menu Survey chn Astronomic dirction Calculator

Page 58

Note: The observations will determine the true astronomic direction from the
station point to the backsight point. Notice that after you enter the stop time for an
observation, the observed and average direction are calculated automatically.
After you have entered the above data, notice that the Mean Direction value
calculated by the Astronomic Direction Calculator is SOUTH87.967088EAST (if the
drawing settings Direction Measurement Type is set to Bearings).
Phn tch d liu bnh sai.

Trong phn ny s hng dn lm th no phn tch v bin i d liu kho
st.
Trong v d di y, ta s s dng Survey Command Window truy vn d liu
kho st. Khi , ta s xem xt hai cch thc bin i d liu kho st.
Ta c th bin i d liu kho st bng cch:
-
Bnh sai mt li mt mt bng kp kn bng kp kn bng cc phng

php:
o Compass rule method: Phng php thc cong
o Transit rule method: Phng php thc truyn
o Crandall method: Phng php thc Crandall
o Least squares method: Phng php bnh phng ti thiu.
S dng phng phpbnh phng ti thiu mng.
Mi phng php a ra mt kt qu khc nhau khng ng k. Phng php

hiu chnh thc cong hiu chnh vng lp ngang v .. phng php bnh phng
ti thiu phn tch mt trong cc trm my m tng sai s ti l nh nht.

Page 59

Ph (c th khng cn thit) Hiu chnh cc im o trong mt trm my
Kch chut phi vo cy Setups nh hnh v, chn Edit Observations, xut hin
hp thoi:
Cc thuc tnh v mt im o bao gm nh sau: Number, Name, Angle, Angle

Type, Distance, Distance Type, Vertical, Vertical Type, Target Height, Target Type,
Scale Factor, Easting, Northing, Elevation, Longitude, Latitude.
Khi hiu chnh cc thuc tnh trn th ton b d liu kho st ca d n s c
cp nhp.

Page 60
T mi:
Miscellaneous: tp, pha tp, c tnh khc nhau
Name
Discription
Units: n v
Distance: di
Angle: gc
Angle: Gc
Horizontal collimation: ngm ngang
collimation The process of adjusting the line of sight or lens of an optical
instrument so that it is properly located based on the other parts of the instrument
Qu trnh ca vic iu chnh ng ngm hay thu knh (ca) mt dng c quang
hc sao cho n ng mc nh v da vo nhng phn khc (ca) dng c.
Angle type Vertical collimation: ngm ng

Vertical angle type C ba kiu gc nh sau:
Horizontal: Gc ngm ngang
Zenith: Gc thin nh
Nadir: Gc chn
nadir angle The nadir angle is opposite the zenith

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Electronic distance meter (EDM) Dng c o c in t

EDM Electronic distance measuring devices that measure the round-trip transit
time of a pulsed signal from which distance is computed
Refractive index: ch s khc x
Wave constant
Offset
EDM Offset The vertical distance from the scope center to the EDM center.
Civil 3D uses this value to calculate distance
Measuring device
Prism
Tilting
Prism offset
Prism constant
Standard deviations
EDM proportional error (ppm)
EDM constant error
Page 62

Centering error
Target alignment error
Pointing error
Horizontal circle
Direction error
Vertical circle
Prism heigt error
Theodolite height error
field book The permanent detailed record a surveyor makes of all observations
made in the field. In Civil 3D, a field bookfile, (*.fbk), is can be used as a source of
survey data
figure Special linework automatically created in a drawing when you import a

field book containing figure data. Also created when using Civil 3D survey figure
commands. You can control the layers for figures by using figure prefixes.
figure prefix Used to automatically place figures on user-defined layers
based on the beginning part of the figure name. For example, the figure prefix EP can
be used to place the figures EP, EP1, EP2, and EPL all on the same layer. Using figure
prefixes in conjunction with description keys can largely automate the process of
constructing a well organized base plan.
fixed entity An alignment entity with a fixed position, not necessarily tangent
to another entity for the definition of its geometry. See also float entity, free entity.
Analyzing and Reducing Survey Data

This lesson demonstrates how to analyze and reduce survey data.
In the following exercises, you will use the Survey Command Window to query
survey data and then you will look at two ways to reduce the survey data.
You can reduce survey data by:
Adjusting a traverse loop using the standard compass rule method or other adjustment
methods.

Page 63
Using the network least squares adjustment method.
Each method produces slightly different results. The standard compass rule
adjustment method adjusts the traverse loop and sideshots. The least squares method
adjusts each of the observations so that the sum of the residuals is a minimum.
Note: Before performing the steps in this lesson, you must have created the survey
database Survey 1 and imported the field book file Survey-1.fbk. For more
information, see the lesson Importing and Viewing Survey Data.
For more information about reducing surface data, see the Autodesk Civil 3D
Help topic
Survey Analysis and Output.
Querying Survey Data
In this exercise, you will use the Survey Command Window to perform a query on the survey
data.
You will use the Inverse Points command to determine the direction and distance between
two points.
To use the Survey Command Window to query survey data
1. In Toolspace, on the Survey tab, expand the Survey Databases collection.
2. If the database Survey 1 is not open (is not displayed with a
next to it), right-
kch and kch Open Survey Database.

NoteBy default, to save on resource usage, when you start Autodesk Civil 3D, all
survey databases are displayed in a closed state.
3. Right-kch Survey 1 and kch Edit Survey Database Settings.
4. In the Survey Database Settings dialog box, expand the Survey Command Window
property group and ensure that the following are set:
o
Point Course Echo: Yes

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o
Figure Course Echo: Yes
Point Coordinate Echo: Yes
Figure Coordinate Echo: Yes
Command Echo: Yes
These settings determine what kind of information will get displayed in the Survey
Command Window.
5. Kch OK to close the Survey Database Settings dialog box.
6. On the Survey tab, expand the Networks collection, right-kch Survey Network 1, and
kch Survey Command Window.
7. In the Survey Command Window, kch View menu
Zoom To Point.
8. In the Enter Point dialog box, enter 1. Kch OK.

The drawing zooms to point 1.
9. Kch Point Information menu
Inverse Points.
10. In the Point Information - Inverse Points dialog box, enter:

o
Start Point: 1
Ahead Point: 2
11. Kch OK.

The following information, which describes the location of each point and the
direction and distance between the points, is displayed in the command output area:!
! POINT 1 NORTH: 5000.0000 EAST: 5000.0000 EL: 263.6500
!
! Distance: 300.000 Course: N 72-56-33 E
!
Page 65

! POINT 2 NORTH: 5087.9995 EAST: 5286.8036 EL: 259.9600
12. Close the Survey Command Window.

13. To continue this lesson, go to Performing Traverse Analysis.
Performing Traverse Analysis

In this exercise, you will reduce some of the survey data using the traverse
analysis Compass Rule adjustment method.
The Compass Rule is a method of corrections where the closing errors are
assumed to be as much due to errors in observed angles as by the errors in measured
distances. The closing errors in latitude and departure are distributed according to the
ratio of the length of the line to the total length of the traverse.
For more information, see the Autodesk Civil 3D Help topic

Performing Traverse Analysis.
Page 66

To perform traverse analysis using the Compass Rule method
1. In Toolspace, on the Survey tab, right-kch the database Survey 1, expand the
Networks collection, expand the network Survey Network 1, right-kch the Traverses
collection and kch New.
2. In the New Traverse dialog box, enter Traverse 1 in the Name field. Kch OK.
3. On the Survey tab, right-kch Traverse 1, and kch Properties.
4. In the Traverse Properties dialog box, enter the following values:
o
Initial Station: 1
Initial Backsight: 1000
Stations: 2,3,4,5,6
Final Foresight: 6000
5. Kch OK.
6. On the Survey tab, right-kch Traverse 1, and kch Traverse Analysis.
7. In the Traverse Analysis dialog box, ensure the following values are set:
o
Horizontal Adjustment Method: Compass Rule
Vertical Adjustment Method: Length Weighted Distribution

Use the default values for the other properties.

Page 67
8. Kch OK.
The analysis is run, the network is adjusted, and the following files are displayed in
the ASCII text editor:
o
an<traverse>.trv: Displays the horizontal closure and angular error.
fv<traverse>.trv: Displays a report of raw and adjusted elevations from the

vertical adjustment methods.
ba<traverse>.trv: Displays the adjusted station coordinates derived from

balancing the angular error and horizontal closure with no angular error.
<traverse>.lso: Displays the adjusted station coordinates based on Horizontal

Adjustment Type setting (Compass Rule).
9. Close all the text files.

After a traverse analysis is done, and the survey database is updated, the following
happens to the data that references the traverse:
o
Observed station points are updated and added to the Control Points
collection.
All sides shots from adjusted setups within the traverse are updated.
All figures that reference points within the traverse are updated.

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o
Any of the above data that is displayed in the current drawing is also updated.
10. You will be performing a network analysis in the next exercise, so undo the
adjustments to the survey data that resulted from the traverse analysis. Right-kch the
Control Points collection and kch Reset Adjusted Coordinates.
V sau thao tc analysis, cc trm my ph s c chuyn v dng Control

points, thao tc trn s lm Control Point tr v nh c
The control points created from the adjustments are deleted from the survey database.
11. To continue this lesson, go to Performing Least Squares Analysis.
Ngn ng lnh tt dng trong file *.Fbk

Point Creation Commands
The following table lists the point creation-related Autodesk Civil 3D survey
commands and briefly describes their functionality.
NOTE These commands must be entered in the Survey Command Window.
AD (point) [angle] [distance] (description)

Create a point by angle and distance.
AD VA (point) [angle] [distance] [vertical angle] (description)

Create a point by angle, distance, and vertical angle.
AD VD (point) [angle] [distance] [vertical distance] (description)

Create a point by angle, distance, and vertical distance.
AP ON (point) Turns automatic point numbering on.
AP OFF Turns automatic point numbering off.

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BD (point) [bearing] [quadrant] [distance] (description)

Create a point by bearing and distance.
BD VA (point) [bearing] [quadrant] [distance] [vertical angle] (description)

Create a point by bearing and distance.
BD VD (point) [bearing] [quadrant] [distance] [vertical distance] (description)

Create a point by bearing, distance, and vertical distance.
DD (point) [angle] [distance] [vertical angle] (description)

Create a point by deflection angle and distance.
DD VA (point) [angle] [distance] [vertical angle] (description)

Create a point by deflection angle, distance, and vertical angle.
DD VD (point) [angle] [distance] [vertical distance] (description)

Create a point by deflection angle, distance, and vertical distance.
F1 (point) [angle] [distance] (description)

Create a point using a FACE 1 angle.
F1 VA (point) [angle] [distance] [vertical angle] (description)

Create a point using a FACE 1 angle and a vertical angle.

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F1 VD (point) [angle] [distance] [vertical distance] (description)
Create a point using a FACE 1 angle and a vertical distance.
F2 (point) [angle] [distance] (description)

Create a point using a FACE 2 angle.
F2 VA (point) [angle] [distance] [vertical angle] (description)
Create a point using a FACE 2 angle and a vertical angle.
F2 VD (point) [angle] [distance] [vertical distance] (description)

Create a point using a FACE 2 angle and a vertical distance.
LAT LONG (point) [latitude] [longitude] (description)

Create a control point using a latitude and longitude.
NE (point) [northing] [easting] (description)

Create a control point using a northing and easting.
NE SS (point) [northing] [easting] (elevation) (description)

Create a non control point.
NEZ (point) [northing] [easting] (elevation) (description)
Create a control point using a northing, easting, and elevation.
PRISM [height]
Changes the current prism height.

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PT OFFSET (point) [offset] (ahead) (description)
Creates a point by offsetting the last point.
SKIP
Skips over the next available point (when automatic point numbering is on).
STADIA (point) [angle] [distance] [rod] (vertical angle) (description)

Creates a point using the stadia method.
ZD (point) [azimuth] [distance] (description)

Creates a point using azimuth and distance.
ZD [VA] (point) [azimuth] [distance] [vertical angle] (description)

Creates a point using azimuth, distance, and vertical angle.
ZD [VD] (point) [azimuth] [distance] [vertical distance] (description)

Creates a point using azimuth, distance, and vertical distance.
Point Location Commands
AZ [point 1] [point 2] [azimuth]

Determines the azimuth between two points.
B [point1] [point2] [bearing] [quadrant]

Defines a bearing between two points.

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BS [point] (orientation) Locates a point by backsight.
STN [point] (instrument. height) (description)

Creates a new setup station.
Point Information Commands
A [point 1] [point 2] [point 3]

Lists the horizontal angle between points.
AZ [point 1] [point 2]
Lists the azimuth between two points.
B [point 1] [point 2]
Lists a bearing between two points.
D [point 1] [point 2]
Determines the distance between two points.
DISP PTS (point 1) (point 2)

Displays point information.
GRADE [point 1] [point 2]

Lists the grade between two points.

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INV PTS [point 1] [point 2]

Lists the direction and distance between points.
INVERSE RADIAL [backsight] [station]

Lists the angle and distance from a setup in a radial direction from the backsight point.
SLOPE [point 1] [point 2]

Lists the slope angle between two points.
SD [point 1] [point 2]
Lists the slope distance between two points.
VD [point 1] [point 2]
List the elevation distance between two points.
Point Editing Commands
DEL PTS [point 1] (point 2)

Deletes points from the survey databases.
MOD DESC [point 1] [description]

Modifies a point's description.
MOD EL [point 1] [elevation]

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Modifies the elevation of a point.
MOD EL BY [point 1] [amount]

Modifies the elevation of a point by an increment.
MOD ELS [point 1] [point 2] [elevation]

Modifies the elevation of multiple points.
MOD ELS BY [point 1] [point 2] [amount]

Modifies the elevation of a group of points by an increment.
Figure Commands
AREA [figure] Lists the area and perimeter of a figure.
BEG [figure] Begins a new figure.
C3 Draws a 3-point curve.
CLOSE Closes a figure.
CLOSE BLD Closes a figure
CLOSE RECT [offset] Closes a figure

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CONT [figure] Continues a figure to add additional vertices to it.
CRV [DELTA, LENGTH, DEFL, MID, Creates a curve in the current figure.
TAN, CHORD] [radius] [value] DEL FIG [figure] Deletes a figure from the drawing.
DISP FIGS Lists all the existing figure names in the current drawing.
END Indicates the end of a figure.
FIG AD [angle] [distance] Creates a figure vertex using an angle and distance.
FIG DD [deflection] [distance]

Creates a figure vertex using a deflection angle and distance.
FIG ZD [azimuth] [distance]

Creates a figure vertex using an azimuth and distance.
FIG BD [bearing] [quadrant] [distance]

Creating a figure vertex using a bearing and distance.
FIG NE [northing] [easting]

Creates a figure vertex using known coordinates.
ID FIG Identifies a figure.

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INVERSE FIG [figure]

Displays the exact closure (inverse) information for a figure.
MCS Starts a multi-point curve within an active figure.
MCE Ends a multi-point curve within an active figure.
MAPCHECK [figure] Displays mapcheck information for a figure.
OFFSET [figure] [distance] Offsets a figure.
PC Specifies that the next shot is a point of curvature.
POINT [point] Selects an existing point to be the next vertex in the figure.
RT [distance] Defines a right turn in a figure.
SET (point) Creates a point at the current location in a figure.
START [figure]
XC ZD (BULB) [radius] [chord azimuth] [chord distance]

Creates a curve using the chord azimuth.

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XC BD (BULB) [radius] [chord bearing] [quadrant] [chord distance]
Creates a curve using the chord bearing.
XC AD (BULB) [radius] [chord angle] [chord distance]

Creates a non-tangential curve.
XC DD (BULB) [radius] [chord deflection] [chord distance]

Creates a curve using the chord deflection.
XC C3 [point on curve] [end point]

Creates a curve using a point on the curve.
XC PTS [radius] [radius point] [end point]

Creates the curve radius.
Intersection Commands
AZAZ [point 1] [azimuth 1] [offset 1] [point 2] [azimuth 2] [offset 2]

Calculates an azimuth/azimuth intersection.
BB [point 1] [bearing 1] [quadrant 1] [offset 1] [point 2] [bearing 2] [quadrant 2] [offset 2]

Calculates a bearing/bearing intersection.
LNLN [point 1] [point 2] [offset 1] [point 3] [point 4] [offset 2]

Calculates a line/line intersection.

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ARCAZ [point] [radius] [point 1] [azimuth] [offset]

Creates an arc/azimuth intersection.
ARCB [point] [radius] [point 1] [bearing] [quadrant] [offset]

Calculates an arc/bearing intersection.
ARCLN [point] [radius] [point 1] [point 2] [offset]

Calculates an arc/line intersection.
ARCARC [point 1] [radius 1] [point 2] [radius 2]

Calculates an arc/arc intersection.
SAVE [NORTH, SOUTH, EAST, WEST, 1, 2, ALL] (point) (description)

Saves the intersection point.
SAVE [NEAR, FAR] (point) [reference point number] (description)

SAVE PICK (point) (description)

SQ [reference 1] [reference 2] [reference]

Calculates a square offset.

Page 79

Equipment Correction Commands
ANGLES [RIGHT, LEFT] [ZENITH, NADIR, HORIZ]

Changes the horizontal angle type (right or left) and the vertical angle type.
ATMOS [ON, OFF]

Turns atmospheric corrections on or off.
COLL [ON, OFF]

Turns the collimation corrections for measurements on or off.
CR [ON, OFF]
Turns curvature and refraction corrections on or off.
EDM OFFSET [offset]

Sets the EDM (Electronic Distance Measuring) offset for an instrument.
HORIZ ANGLE [RIGHT, LEFT]

Changes the horizontal angle type.
PRESS [pressure] [INCH, MBAR, MM]

Specifies the atmospheric pressure.
SF [factor] Changes the scale factor.

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PRISM CONSTANT [constant] Changes the prism constant.
PRISM OFFSET [offset] Changes the prism offset.
TEMP [temperature] [F, C, K]

Sets the temperature for atmospheric corrections.
UNITS [METER, FOOT] [DMS, DECDEG, GRAD, MILS, RADIANS]

Changes the distance or angle units for measurements.
VERT ANGLE [ZENITH, NADIR, HORIZ]

Changes the vertical angle reference system.
Baseline Commands
BL IS [point 1] [point 2] [station] Define a baseline.
BL PT (point 1) [station] (offset) (description)

Creates a point at an offset from a baseline.
BL INV [point 1] (point 2)

Lists a baseline direction using inverse point.
Centerline Commands

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CL IS [figure] (station) (point) Defines a centerline.
CL INV [point 1] (point 2)

Displays point data in reference to the current centerline.
CL PT (point) [station] (offset) (skew angle) (description)

Creates a new point by station offset.
CL PT BY [point] [station 1] [offset] [distance] (station 2) (description)

Creates points at an increment along the centerline.
CL ELEV (point) [station] [offset] [elevation] (description)

Creates a point by station, offset, and elevation.
CL ROD (point) [station] [offset] [rod] (description)

Creates a point using station, offset and rod height.
CL VD (point) [station] [offset] [vertical distance] (description)

Creates a point along a centerline using a vertical distance.
HI [elevation] Defines the height of instrument.
XS [station] Sets the current cross section station.

XS ELEV (point) [offset] [elevation] (description)
Creates a point with offset and elevation from the current cross section.

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XS ROD (point) [offset] [rod] (description)
Creates a point by offset and rod height from the current cross section.
XS VD (point) [offset] [vertical distance] (description)

Creates a point by offset and vertical distance from the current cross section.
AutoCAD Related Commands
PAN Shifts the location of the drawing.
REDRAW Refreshes the display in the current viewport.
ZOOM PT [point] Zooms to a point.
Zooms according to one of the specified parameters.
ZOOM [WINDOW, EXTENTS, PREVIOUS, W, P, E, A]
Miscellaneous Commands
CALC [formula] Perform mathematical calculations.
DITTO [ON, OFF] Turns the Ditto feature on or off.
HELP (command) Displays the syntax of the specified command.

Page 83
HISTORY Displays all the commands you used during thecurrent session.
OUTPUT [ON, OFF] Turns the use of an output file on or off.
TRAV [ON, OFF] Turns the traverse command on or off.
Gii thch mt s file c xut sau khi bnh sai

File: fv1.trv
RAW
Point#
LENGTH WEIGHTED DISTRIBUTION RULE
Elevation
Elevation
Delta
263.6500
263.6500
0.0000
259.9600
259.9600
-0.0000
257.4380
257.4380
-0.0000
255.1760
255.1760
-0.0000
251.7960
251.7960
-0.0000
249.6350
249.6350
-0.0000
1.lso
RAW TRAVERSE
Point#
1
COMPASS RULE
Coordinates
Coordinates
5000.0000
5000.0000
5000.0000
5000.0000
Delta
0.0000
N 72-56-33 E Dist:300.0002
2
5087.9995
5087.9995
5286.8036
5286.8035
0.0001
S 63-53-46 E Dist:200.0000
3
4999.9994
4999.9994
5466.4032
5466.4030
0.0002

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N 63-53-45 E Dist:199.9942
4
5087.9980
5087.9980
5645.9970
5645.9968
0.0002
S 72-56-35 E Dist:300.0049
5
4999.9999
4999.9999
5932.8058
5932.8055
0.0003
N 62-47-43 E Dist:192.4878
6
5087.9999
5088.0000
6104.0004
6104.0000
0.0004
Ba1.trv
RAW TRAVERSE
Point#
1
No RULE
Coordinates
Coordinates
5000.0000
5000.0000
5000.0000
5000.0000
Delta
0.0000
N 72-56-33 E Dist:300.0003
2
5087.9995
5087.9995
5286.8036
5286.8036
0.0000
S 63-53-46 E Dist:200.0001
3
4999.9994
4999.9994
5466.4032
5466.4032
0.0000
N 63-53-45 E Dist:199.9942
4
5087.9980
5087.9980
5645.9970
5645.9970
0.0000
S 72-56-35 E Dist:300.0050
5
4999.9999
4999.9999
5932.8058
5932.8058
0.0000
N 62-47-43 E Dist:192.4879
6
5087.9999
5087.9999
6104.0004
6104.0004
0.0000

Page 85

Elevation error : -0.0000
Error North
Error East
: 0.0001
: -0.0004
Absolute error : 0.0004

Error Direction : N 78-05-42 W
Perimeter
: 1192.4874
Precision
: 1 in 3324324.0586
Number of sides : 5

Page 86
CHNG 4: POINT
CHNG 4: POINT
Tm hiu i tng Point
im trong AutoCAD Civil 3D c gi l Coordinate Geometry (COGO), chng
khc hon ton vi im trong AutoCAD. im trong AutoCAD ch c gi ta
X,Y,Z; cn im trong AutoCAD Civil 3D cn lu tr cc gi tr v th t im, m
t, rt quan trng trong vic lc d liu im sau ny.
Mt im trong Autocad Civil 3D c hin th vi Point styles v Point label
style ca n:
Hnh 4.1: Mt dng th hin im.
i vi hnh trn, Point style l dng block hnh cy, Point lable style th hin
Point number (th t im), Point elevation (cao im), Point Description (m t).
Nhp im vo bn v - Point
Menu: Point\ Create points
Toolspace\ tab Prospector: kch chut phi vo biu tng
chn New
Thanh Ribbon: th Home\Create Ground Data\ Points\ Point Creation
Tools
Xut hin thanh cng c Create Points:

Page 87
CHNG 4: POINT
Hnh 4.2: Thanh cng c Create Points.
Trong thanh cng c Create Points c rt nhiu la chn c th to im:

Miscellaneous: to im t nhiu ngun nh cp nhp im trc tip t
i tng bn v (im, nh polylines ), convert im t Softdesk
Intersection: to im t cc giao ct gia cc i tng.
Alignments: to im t cc im c trng trn Alignment nh im u,

im cui, cc, im tip gip ga on thng v cong
Surface: to im c h tr t cc c tnh b mt nh ng ng mc,

cao theo hng
Interpolation: to im t vic ni suy gia cc im, cc i tng khc.
Slope: to im t cc s liu v dc cho trc.
Import Points: to im t file ta im.
Ta c th m rng thanh cng c create points thay i mt s thit lp cho d

liu im nh layer, point styles khi nhp vo bn v:
Hnh 4.3: Cc thit lp ban u cho d liu im khi nhp vo bn v.

Page 88
CHNG 4: POINT
Cc bi ton c th thng dng:
Nhp file ta im:
Tin hnh ly d liu im t file ta im, nh dng file dng ny rt phong
ph, c th l nh dng ca assces (*.mdb), hoc:
Hnh 4.4: V d cc nh dng file ta im.
thay i cu trc ca file cho ph hp vi file ta im c sn vo th

Settings trong thanh Toolspace vo Point\ Point file formats.
Chn biu tng Import point trong thanh cng c Create point, xut hin
hp thoi Import Points:
Hnh 4.5: Hp thoi nhp file ta im.

Page 89
CHNG 4: POINT
Trong v d trn la chn nh dng m rng *.txt, cu trc file PENZD (space
delimited) (Point number Easting Northing Point elevation Raw Decription;
cc thuc tnh cch nhau bi du Space).
Chn vo biu tng
chn file nhp vo.
Nu mun np d liu im sp nhp vo mt nhm im no ta chn Add

Points to Point group. C th chn nhm im trong danh sch nu c sn, to
mi thm mt nhm im ti y, chn vo biu tng
phn tip theo.
. Phn to nhm im xem
Chn OK kt thc cng vic. D liu im nhp vo ty vo Point style v

Point Lable style chn
To im o trc tip trn bn v
Thanh cng c Create Points\ Miscellaneous\ Manual
Command:
Please specify a location for the new point: chn mt im trong bn v bng
cch kch chut tri hoc g ta x,y vo dng command.
Enter a point description <.>: nhp m t im.
Specify a point elevation <.>: nhp cao im.
Please specify a location for the new point: Enter kt thc hoc lm tip.
To im o t ng polyline
Thanh cng c Create Points\ Miscellaneous\ Polyline Vertices Automatic
Comand: (dng ln trn ri kch chn vo cc ng Polyline)
Select a polyline object: chn vo cc ng polyline.
Enter a point description <.>: nhp m t im
Enter a point description <.>: nhp m t im n khi ht cc nt gy ca
ng Polyline.
To im t Point ca AutoCAD
Thanh cng c Create Points\ Miscellaneous\ Convert Autocad Points
Command:
Select AutoCAD points: chn cc im ca Autocad.
Enter a point description <.>: nhp m t im
Enter a point description <.>: nhp m t im n khi ht cc point va chn.
Page 90
CHNG 4: POINT
To nhm im
Trong Autocad Civil 3D, d liu im c th qun l theo tng nhm ring bit.
Menu: Points\ Create point group
Toolspace\ tab Prospector: kch chut phi vo
chn New
Thanh Ribbon: th Home\Create Ground Data\ Points\ Create Point

Group
Xut hin hp thoi Point Group Properties:
Hnh 4.6: Hp thoi Point Group Properties.
Th Information t tn, ghi m t, xc lp Point style v Point lable style,

t lp cho nhm im.
Ch : khi Object locked c chn, tt c cc la chn trong cc th sau s
b kha
Th Point Groups gp cc im t cc Point groups khc.
Th Raw Desc Matching gp cc im c nhn dng theo m m t,

cc m nhn dng trong th ny nm trong cc b Description key sets
(xem tip phn di Description keys) c to trc trong th Settings
thanh Toolspace.

Page 91
CHNG 4: POINT
-
Th Include lc ly cc im trong bn v theo th t im (numbers

matching), theo cao (elevations matching), theo tn - nu c (names
matching), theo m ta im (raw descriptions matching, full descriptions
matching).
Th Exclude loi b cc im trong nhm c ly theo cc la chn

trn theo cc tiu ch ging nh trong th Include. (v d trong th
Include ly cc im vi With elevations matching l >200, th Exclude
vi gi tr trong With elevations matching l >300, kt qu thu c nhm
im c cc im cao nm trong khong t 200 n 300).
Th Query Builder, sau khi s dng cc th trc lc im, cc hm

lc im s nm trong th ny, nu tch vo la chn Modify query hiu
chnh hoc thm cc hm lc th cc la chn lc cc th pha trc s
khng cn hiu lc.
Hnh 4.7: Hp thoi Point Group Properties th Query Builder.
Th Overrides ghi cc thuc tnh c trong nhm khi lm vic vi

Database file (*.mdb), xem thm Help ca AutoCAD Civil 3D.
Th Point List, Summary mang tnh cht lit k thuc tnh v s lng
im trong nhm.
Chn OK kt thc cng vic.

hiu chnh li thuc tnh v d liu ca nhm: kch chut phi vo nhm
im cn hiu chnh, chn Properties.
Page 92
CHNG 4: POINT
Xut im ra file ta
xut ton b im hay nhm im ra file ta ta kch chut phi vo cy i
tng Points hoc nhm im cn xut v chn Export Point
Transfer point: Chuyn i nh dng file d liu im

Menu: Points\ Import/Export Points\ Transfer Points
Thanh Toolspace: kch chut phi vo cy i tng Points trong th
Prospector, chn Transfer Points
Thanh Ribbon: th Output\ Export\ Transfer Points.
Hnh 4.8: Transfer Points Chuyn i nh dng file ta .
Source: Chn nh dng v file ngun.
Destination: Chn nh dng v lu file cn chuyn i.
Description keys
Tm hiu Description keys
Trong qu trnh o c kho st a hnh, cc im o thng c cc ghi ch m
t km theo vic x l c thun tin nht.
Page 93
CHNG 4: POINT
Chng hn khi o trn mt din rng, mt im gc nh c th c ghi ch l
GN KhuA (gc nh khu A), tng t vi cc im th hin gc nh khc cng c
ghi ch theo mt quy tc no m i kho st nh ra. Lc ny ghi ch ca im
c dng lm cc m lc, ta c th lc ra cc im th hin gc nh (GN), hay cc
im trong Khu A (KhuA) trong ton b d liu kho st.
Trong AutoCAD Civil 3D, ta c th to cc Description Key t ng qun l
cc im no c nhp vo, nh kiu v thuc tnh cho im khi to hoc nhp t
mt ngun d liu no .
To mt b lc m m t im - Description Key Set:

Toolspace: Chn th Settings, m rng thuc tnh ca i tng Points,
chn Description Key Sets, kch chut phi chn New.
-
Trong hp thoi Description Key Set, t tn cho mt nhm cc b lc m

m t ca im.
Hnh 4.9: Hp thoi Description Key Set
M rng Description Key Sets, kch chut phi vo i tng Description

Key Set va to v chn Edit Keys.

Page 94
CHNG 4: POINT
Hnh 4.10: Description Key Editor
Trong thanh Panorama DescKey Editor, kch chut phi vo mt dng v

chn New to thm mt m lc im.
Cc m lc im
Cc b lc (v d CUR* trong Hnh 4.10) s lc im nh vo cc m lc im,
ngha ca cc m ny ta xem thm trong Help ca chng trnh (Help\AutoCAD Civil
3D Users Guide\ Point Data\ Description Key Properties\ Description Key Code).
Hnh 4.11: ngha cc m lc im.

Page 95
CHNG 4: POINT
S dngb lc m va to to nhm im:
Trong Hnh 4.10 v d trn ta to hai m lc l CUR* v GR* (s dng file im
sn c trong trng trnh C:\Program Files\AutoCAD Civil 3D 2010\Help\Civil
Tutorials\Existing Ground Points PENZD.txt)
phn to nhm im trn, trong hp thoi Point Group Properties (Hnh
4.12), tch chn vo hai b lc im l CUR* v GR*, lc ny nhm im Point
Group (1) c to ra s cha ton b cc im m m t im c cc ch ci u
tin l CUR hoc GR, xem danh sch im trong th Point List (Hnh 4.13)
Hnh 4.12: To nhm im s dng cc b lc m m t.

Page 96
CHNG 4: POINT
Hnh 4.13: Cc im trong Point Group (1), s dng cc b lc GR*, CUR*.
Hiu chnh Point Styles v Point Lable styles

Ta c th thay i Point Style v Point Lable Style ca mt im hay ca mt
nhm im bng cc cch nh sau:
-
Chn th Prospector trn thanh Toolspace, kch vo cy i tng Points,

trong khung Item View cha ton b im c trong bn v, chn vo im
cn hiu chnh bng cch kch vo v tr ct thuc tnh Style v Point Label
Style ca im , thay i Point Style v Point Lable Style trong hp thoi
Select Point Style v Select Label Style (Hnh 4.14).
Ghi ch: Nu khng thy ct thuc tnh Style v Point Label Style hin th trong
khung Item view, c th kch chut phi vo dng cc thuc tnh v kim tra hai thuc tnh
ny c chn cha.

Page 97
CHNG 4: POINT
Hnh 4.14: Thay i Style v Label Style ca im trong khung Item View
Kch chut phi trc tip vo mt im trong bn v, chn Edit Points

sau hiu chnh Point Style v Label Style trong thanh Panorama ging
nh trong khung Item view.
hiu chnh cho ton b mt nhm im, kch chut phi vo nhm im
v chn Properties, thay i trong khung Default Styles, th
Information (Hnh 4.6).
Chn vo mt im trong bn v, trn thanh Ribbon t ng a n cc

tc v lin quan n im va chn, chn vo biu tng Point Group

Page 98
CHNG 4: POINT
Properties v thay i trong khung Default Styles, th Information (Hnh
4.6).
-
Ds dsd ds

Page 99
CHNG 5: SURFACE B MT
CHNG 5: SURFACE - B MT
Cc kiu b mt
Autodesk Civil 3D h tr xy dng cc kiu b mt nh:
Tin surfaces: B mt li
tam gic, c thit lp bi d
liu im, ng ng mc.
l kiu b mt c bn phc
v chnh cho cng tc thit k
bnh tuyn. Loi b mt ny
c th lu di dng file ui
*.tin, v lm d liu dng li
cho cc mt khc.
Grid surfaces
Grid surfaces: B mt li t gic, cho kh nng quan st trung thc

hn b mt a hnh.
TIN volume surfaces: B mt to bi s chnh lch gia 2 mt Tin
surfaces: so snh v mt c s.
Grid volume surfaces: B mt to bi s chnh lch gia 2 mt Grid
surfaces: so snh v mt c s.
Khi to mt mt Create Surface

To mi mt mt TIN
C th to mi mt b mt bng cch chn Create surface trn menu hoc nhn
chut phi vo biu tng
trong
Toolspace, chn New
Trong hp thoi Create surface chn
kiu b mt l TIN Surface, la chn
layer, tn, trch m t cho b mt, chn
kiu hin th v chn vt liu ca b mt.

Page 100
to d liu cho mt bng cch Add files d liu im cho mt, Add nhm im
hay cc ng ng mc, ng bao, ng Breakline:
- Nhn chut phi vo dng d liu mun nhp cho mt,
chn Add
Add Boundaries nhp ng bao ngoi
Add Breaklines nhp ng Breakline
Add Contouns nhp ng ng mc

Page 101

Page 102
Add Drawing Objects nhp thm cc i tng ca bn v khc.
Add Point Files nhp file d liu im cho mt.
Add Point Groups nhp cc nhm im m ta to sn trong Point
Groups ngoi i tng mt.
Ta c th nhp thm tng m, nhp cc ng thng trong biu tng Edits
.
- i vi tng la chn nhp d liu cho mt s c cc bc nhp ring ca n.

Page 103
Xy dng b mt Grid t DEM File
Cc bc thc hin nh sau:
Kch Surfaces menu > Create Surface.
Trong hp thoi Create Surfac, chn Grid Surface cho Surface Type v
kch OK.
Trong th Prospector, m rng tn Surface > Definition.
Kch chut phi vo biu tng DEM Files. Kch Add.
Trong hp thoi Add DEM File, nhp file USGS GeoTIFF DEM to the
surface definition and specify the coordinate system information.
Kch OK.
Cc dng hin th c trng ca b mt - Surface Styles.

Surface Styles
Thit lp dng hin th cho b mt.
S dng Item view trong th Prospector trn
thanh Toolpace thay i kiu mt sau khi
thit t trn.
B mt c hin th trong Autodesk Civil
3D l rt trc quan, qun l tt phn vng cc
khu vc c cc c im chung nht nh phn
vng c cng cao , vng t thy.
Autodesk Civil 3D tnh ton din tch cho tng vng m n qun l.

Page 104
Label Styles
Table Styles
.Xem li cch b tr.
Phn tch hiu chnh m hnh a hnh (xem li hiu sai i

tng)
H a hnh
L thng c nh ngha bi mt ng bao khp kn bi Polyline.
Trong cy Surface, kch chut phi vo i tng Mask v chn Create Mask
Mask type: dng l thng (h a hnh)

Page 105
o Inside: L thng l phn trong ca ng Polyline khp kn
o Outside: L thng l ton b phn ngoi ng bao.
Render Only: Gi li cc i tng th hin ca b mt (ng mc, mi tn
hng dc, li tam gic)
Hng dng chy-Water Drop

C th kim tra mt cch chnh xc hng dng chy ca mt git nc t mt v
tr bt k trn b mt.
S dng cng c Water-Drop trong menu Surfaces\ Untilities\ Water-Drop
Hiu chnh b mt Edit Surface

Edit Operation
TIN Surface-Grid Surface- ngha
Add points
Yes
Yes
Delete points
Yes
Yes
Modify points
Yes
Yes
Move point
Yes
No
Add line
Yes
No
Delete line
Yes
Yes
Swap edge
Yes
No
Minimize flat areas
Yes
No
Smooth surface
Yes
No
Paste surface
Yes
No
Raise/Lower surface
Yes
Yes
Nng/h cao ton mt
Simplify surface
Yes
No
Lm n gin b mt
iu c v cha c:
-
Cha i sau vo tm hiu cc kiu b mt: Grid surface, Grid volume

surface.
Cha tm hiu ngha biu tng Masks.
Cha lm vic vi DEM Files. ( lm ri)
Cha tm hiu nhiu v xut cc bng khi lm vic vi Surface.

Page 106

Page 107
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
Alignment c trng cho cc ng nh tim tuyn, mp ng, di t bn
ng, va h Mt cng vic thng xuyn v u tin l vch tim tuyn bng
Alignment.
Qu trnh to Alignments
Create an alignment from a polyline, use the alignment layout tools, import an
alignment using LandXML, or create alignment references using either data shortcuts
or Autodesk Vault.
Tao mt Alignment t mt ng Polyline, s dng Alignment Layout Tools,
nhp mt Alignment s dng LandXML, hoc to Alignment s dng lin kt vi cc
d liu tt khc hoc Autodesk Vault.
Create an alignment using any of the following:
To mt Alignment s dng mt trong cc cch sau:
Create an alignment from a polyline.
To mt Alignment t mt ng Polyline
Create an alignment using either the tangent-tangent or constraint-based
commands in the Alignment Layout Tools. The tangent-tangent commands are useful
for simple road design, or preliminary layout work. The constraint-based commands
are useful for intricate design work, where certain corridor constraints must be
maintained.

To mt Alignment s dng Alignment Layout Tools

Import an alignment from an XML file. You can assign styles to the alignment
after you import it.
Nhp mt Alignment t mt file XML. Ta c th n nh kiu Styles cho

Alignment sau khi ta nhp n.
Create alignment references using either data shortcuts or an Autodesk Vault
project.
To Alignment s dng lin kt d liu tt khc hoc vi Autodesk Vault

thng nht trong vic s dng thut ng, y hng dn lm vic vi
Alignment tng ng vi lm vic vi tim tuyn ng. Sau khi hiu cch thc lm
vic vi Alignment ta c th to Alignment theo ngha ca tng cng vic.
Page 108
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
To Alignment bng Alignment Layout Tools
- Chn menu Alignment\ Create By Layout...

Trong hp thoi Create Alignment-Layout thc hin mt s thao tc c bn nh:
+ t tn cho tim tuyn chun b thit k (name).
+ M t Alignment
+ Chn kiu hin th tim tuyn, layer
- Trong thanh Alignment Layout Tools
S dng cc biu tng khi mun lm cc thao tc:

S dng biu tng ny bt u tin hnh vch tuyn. Trong gm cc
biu tng:
: Vch tuyn khng km theo b tr ng cong nm.
: Tangent-Tangent(With curve) Vch tuyn km theo b tr ng cong
nm.
: La chn bn knh, dng ca ng cong nm v chiu di ng cong
chuyn tip nu cn trong hp thoi Curve and Spiral Settings.
: Biu tng ny s chn thm mt nh mi cho tuyn (k hiu l im PI).
: Xo nh (im PI) trong Alignment.

Page 109
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
: Hiu chnh s liu ca tuyn trong hp thoi Panorama.
Ta c th to tim tuyn vi Alignment bng vic kt hp song song qu trnh to

cnh tuyn v b tr ng cong nm hoc to cnh tuyn trc ri b tr ng cong
nm sau vi 2 biu tng
gii thch trn.
ng cong nm c th l ng cong trn hoc ng cong chuyn tip ph

thuc vo tu chn trong hp thoi Curve and Spiral Settings.
Trong AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009, cc dng ng cong chuyn tip bao gm:
Page 110
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
Bi-Quadratic
Bloss
Clothoid
Cubic (JP)
Cubic Parabola
Sine Half-Wave Diminishing Tangent
Sinusoidal Curves
Chn li biu tng
- Tangent-Tangent(With curve) tin hnh vch tim
tuyn song song vi vic b tr ng cong (bng) chuyn tip.
Trong hp lnh Command yu cu chn cc nh ca tuyn, chn vo cc nh
ca tuyn nh du sn hoc im bt k trn bn v ly v d.
To on cong trn cng vi phn chuyn tip t mt on Alignment thng - To
add a floating curve with a spiral (from entity, radius, length) off a line.
-
Chn menu Alignment\ chn mc Edit Alignment Geometry.
Trn thanh Layout Tools chn Adding Floating Curves with Spirals (from
entity, radius, length)
Chn vo on Alignment thng.
Nhp bn knh cho on cong trn
Nhp chiu di ng cong chuyn tip hoc thng s A
Chn hng ca on cong, Clockwise thun chiu kin ng h;

cOunterclockwise ngc chiu kim ng h.
Chn chiu di on cong trn.
To Alignment bng ng Polyline

Cc bc thc hin nh sau:
-
To mt ng Polyline bnh thng
T menu Alignment, chn Create from Polylines
Chn vo ng Polyline mun to thnh Alignment
Sau khi c mt Alignment to t Polyline, to ng cong nm ta tin hnh

trn thanh cng c Alignment Layout Tools nh bnh thng.
To Alignment bng cch Import XML file.

Page 111
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
Cng vic ny rt c ch cho cng tc nng cp thit k tuyn c.
Khi nhp file Xml cho mt Alignment, file ny cha y thng tin v v tr
(site), cc ga tr di tuyn, bn knh, di on chuyn tip ng cong nm
Thc hin nhp file nh sau:
T menu File, chn Import, chn Import LandXML trong hp thoi Import
LandXML chn file cn nhp.
Tuyn sau khi thit k ty thuc vo la chn ban u v layer, style, label set
trong hp thoi Create Alignment-Layout, m c dnh hin th khc nhau trn bn v.
Kh nng ty bin cc la chn cho tim tuyn trong Autodesk Civil 3D l cao, ta c
th quan st r rng tng thnh phn ca tim tuyn: Cnh tuyn, on cong chuyn
tip, ng cong trn, cc, l trnh
Hiu chnh li tuyn

Sau khi to xong mt Alignment ta c th hiu chnh li cc kch thc hnh hc
ca n (bn knh ng cong trn, cnh tuyn ) trn thanh Alignment Layout Tools
bng cch
+ Chn Edit Alignment Geometry trong menu Alignment, chn vo Alignment
cn hiu chnh.
Hoc
+ Kch chut phi vo Alignment cn hiu chnh v chn Edit Alignment
Geometry
Xem xt cc thit lp ca Alignment Hiu chnh Settings ca Alignment.

- Ta c th thay i cc kiu hin th ng tim tuyn va thit k bng cch thay
i cc thit t hin hnh ang s dng cho n trong th Setting trn thanh Toolpace.
Page 112
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
Alignment Styles: Kiu dng th hin tng thnh phn
ca ng tim tuyn.
Ta c th dng Alignment Styles iu khin s hin th
ca tng thnh phn trn ng tim tuyn thit k trn a
hnh.
Label styles: Cc kiu ghi ch cho cc thnh phn trn tuyn, v d nh ghi l
trnh cc, ng cong.
Table Styles : nh kiu cho cc hin th nh tn cc, im ni u, ni cui trong
ng cong.
Commands : Bao hm cc thit lp cho cc mc nh trong qu trnh thc hin
vic to tim tuyn, th hin trong hp thoi Create Alignment - Layout.
ng dng thay i Settings hiu chnh hin th ca cc Label trn Alignment.

Trn Alignment th hin cc v tr sau:
Major Station: l cc Station chnh, cch nhau mt khong c nh.
Minor Station: l cc Station ph, nm xen gia cc Major Station.
Geometry Point: Cc nh c s thay i hnh hc ca tuyn (tip u, tip cui,
ni u, ni cui )
Profile Geometry Point: ???
Station Equation: ???
Design Speed: Cc im c s thay i vn tc thit k.

Page 113
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
Ta c th vo th Settings trong thanh cng c Toolspace v hiu chnh Lable

Styles ca cc Station ang c s dng, hoc kch chut phi vo Alignment chn
Edit Alignment Labels v hiu chnh trong hp thoi Alignment Lables.
d hiu hn ta s lm mt v d vi cc Major Station v Minor Station:
Khong cc ca cc Major Station thng ly l 100 tng t nh cc cc H trong
cc bn v thit k ng ca ta.
- M bn v Corridor-1a.dwg trong AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009\ Help\ Civil 3D
Tutorials\ Drawings trong th mc ci t.
- Kch chut phi vo Alignment chnh gia c tn l Centerline (1), chn Edit
Alignment Labels, xut hin hp thoi Alignment Labels-Centerline (1):

Page 114
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT

Page 115
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
THIT K K THUT TUYN

Li ni u
Tiu chun tnh ton siu cao v m rng bng ly theo AASHTO 2001 Green
book tuy nhin vn p dng tiu chun ca Vit Nam trong thit k vi Civil 3D
l hon ton n gin.
Vic ny s lm r trong qu trnh thit k siu cao v ni m rng bng trong
ng cong.
Thit k siu cao.

Cc phng php p siu cao tu thuc vo Corridor Type (kiu Corridor) v
Cross Section Shape (hnh dng mt ct ngang).
thit k siu cao, sau khi to xong Alignment tin hnh lm vic trn hp thoi
Alignment Properties:
- Kch chut phi vo Alignment cn thit k siu cao, chn Alignment
properties
- Trc ht cn phi la chn vn tc thit k ca ton tuyn hay tng on,
trong th Design Speeds:

Page 116
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
- Tip theo vo th Superelevation la chn tiu chun v cc thng s c bn

ca mt ct ngang thit k siu cao:

Page 117
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
Chn vo biu tng
(set superelevation properties), xut hin hp thoi:

Page 118
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
AutoCAD Civil 3D c sn mt hai file tiu chun h tr thit k siu cao, tnh
ton cc im thay i siu cao theo tiu chun AASHTO mi 2001.
Mt file s dng n v ly theo h thng o lng Anh, mt file dng h n v
mt.
Vn tc: MilesPerHour dm/h (mph)
1 dm = 1,609344 km; 1 mph = 1,609344 kph
di: Foot (ft), 1 ft = 0,3048 m
Din tch: SquareFoot - Foot2 (ft2)
Khi lng: cubicYard Yard3 (lat3), 1 lat = 0,914 m
Cc im thay i siu cao c mc nh trong Civil nh sau:
Cc k hiu ny nh ngha sn trong hp thoi Drawing Settings, v c th thay

i c.
Xem xt cc la trng trong hp thoi Superelevation Specification.
File tiu chun AASHTO cho AutoCAD Civil 3D s dng 2 phng php thit k
l AASHTO 2001 - Crowned Roadway v Undivided Planar Roadway
- AASHTO 2001 - Crowned Roadway: p dng cho dng ng khng c gii
phn cch, nng siu cao thng thng quanh tim ng:
Page 119
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
Cng thc tnh ton trong file:
<SuperelevationAttainmentMethod name="AASHTO 2001 - Crowned Roadway">

<AttainmentStyle style="Standard"/>
<TransitionFormula type="LCtoFS" formula="{t}"/>
<TransitionFormula type="LCtoBC" formula ="2.0*{t}/3.0"/>
<TransitionFormula type="NCtoLC" formula ="{t}*{c}/{e}"/>
<TransitionFormula type="LCtoRC" formula ="{t}*{c}/{e}"/>
<TransitionFormula type="NStoNC" formula ="{t}*({s}-{c})/{e}">
<SuperelevationAttainmentMethod>
Trong :
- LCtoFS: Level Crown point to Full Super point (runoff)
- LCtoRC: Level Crown point to Reverse Crown point
- LCtoBC: Level Crown point to Beginning of Curve
- NCtoLC: Normal Crown point to Level Crown point (runout)
- NStoNC: Normal Shoulder point to Normal Crown point (used for the
Breakover Removal method of superelevated shoulders)
- Gi tr c: dc mi ng (thng thng bng 2%), c nh ngha trong
hp thoi Superelevation Properties.
- Gi tr e: Siu cao y ca tuyn (%)
Page 120
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
- Gi tr s: dc ca vai ng, c nh ngha trong hp thoi
Superelevation Properties.
- Gi tr t: c tnh nh di.
Tnh ton gi tr t:
Superelevation Runoff (t)
Lr = (w)(n)(e)(b)/ = t = LCtoFS
Lr = minimum length of superelevation runoff (ft) - Chiu di nh nht ca on ni siu cao
n = number of lanes rotated S ln quay siu cao, gi tr ny ly bng mt na gi tr ca
Transition Length Table
b = adjustment factor for number of lanes rotated (Table 4-3) H s hiu chnh s ln quay
siu cao (xem bng 4-3).
w = width of one traffic lane (ft)- B rng ca mt ln
e = design superelevation rate (%) Siu cao y ca tuyn
= maximum relative gradient, percent (Table 4-2) Gi tr ly theo bng 4-2
Tangent Runout
Lt = (Lr) (eNC)/e =w.n.eNC.b/ = NCtoLC
Lt = minimum length of tangent runout (ft)
Lr = minimum length of superelevation runoff (ft)
eNC = normal cross slope rate (%)
e = design superelevation rate
Table 4-2
Maximum Relative Gradient
Design
Speed
(mph)
25
Maximum
Relative 0.70
Gradient
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
0.66
0.62
0.58
0.54
0.50
0.47
0.45
0.43
0.40
Table 4-3
Page 121
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
Adjustment Factor for Number of Lanes Rotated
Number of Lanes Rotated (n)
Adjustment Factor (b)
1.00
1.5
0.83
0.75
2.5
0.70
0.67
3.5
0.64
- Undivided Planar Roadway: p dng cho ng khng c gii phn cch

nhng khng c nh (khng c khum - Crown), quay siu cao khng theo cch
thng thng.

Page 122
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
Cng thc tnh ton trong file:

<SuperelevationAttainmentMethod name="Undivided Planar Roadway">
<TransitionStyle style="Planar"/>
<Continuing>
<TransitionFormula type="NCtoFS" formula="{t}-{t}*{c}/{e}"/>
<TransitionFormula type="NCtoBC" formula="{t}*(0.67-{c}/{e})"/>
</Continuing>
<Opposing>
<TransitionFormula type="LCtoFS" formula="{t}"/>
<TransitionFormula type="LCtoBC" formula="0.67*{t}"/>
<TransitionFormula type="NCtoLC" formula="{t}*{c}/{e}"/>
</Opposing>
<SuperelevationAttainmentMethod>
Cc gi tr ly ging nh trn.

Page 123
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
V d tnh siu cao quanh mp gii phn cch gia cho ng 4 ln:
Chn cc thng s tnh ton siu cao nh trong hp thoi Superelevation

Specification:
Chng trnh s tnh cc v tr thay i siu cao tuy nhin ty vic thit k mt ct
nganng (Assembly) m c s t ng hon ton trong tnh ton hoc ta s cn hiu
chnh thm i cht, v d y thit k mt ct c cc thng s nh sau:

Page 124
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
Gii phn cch gia dng MedianDepressedShoulderExt, thuc tnh Centerline

Pivot? (tm quay) chn Pivot about inside edges-of-traveled-ways.
Hai ln trong dng LaneInsideSuper c thuc tnh dc ngang mc nh
Default %Slope l 2% trong khi chng trnh thng nhn mc nh gi tr ny l
-2%.
Khi trong th Superelevation hp thoi Alignment Properties cn c cc hiu
chnh cho ph hp, y l b tr li dc ngang ca thnh phn LaneInsideSuper:

Page 125
CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
Mt vi ch
Trong thit k siu cao ta c th thay i cc gi tr trong hp thoi Aignment
Properties c th thit k siu cao cho cc trng hp c bit khc.

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CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
Khi thay i k c gi tr siu cao v gi tr cc on vut ni th bnh tuyn

cng t ng c cp nhp.
y l mt tnh m, khi vic thit k siu cao khng b p buc theo bt k mt
tiu chun no, m s theo ngi thit k.
Thit k m rng bng trong ng cong
Trong thit k m dng bng, chng trnh cung cp mu mt ct ngang l

LaneOutsideSuperWithWidening, ta c th xem cc thuc tnh ca n trong Help.
Nu v tr hin ti nm trong vng siu cao, th gi tr b rng ln c tnh
nh sau:
Width = Default Width + Pavement Widening
B rng = B rng thng thng + m rng mt ng (PW)
C th l : PW =

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CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
y l cng thc tnh ng theo s t chuyn ng trong ng cong (theo
sch TK yu t hnh hc ng t thy Nguyn Quang Phc)
Tuy nhin trong sch lm trn mt vi s hng v li thm h s lc ngang ca xe,
cn cng thc y khng lm trn nn kt qu ca 2 cng thc c th chp nhn
c l nh nhau. D nhin ta cng c th thay i cng thc trn theo mt cng thc
khc ty .
n = Number of lanes (S ln)
R = Radius of the alignment at full superelevation (bn knh ca Alignment ti v
tr siu cao y )
L = Length of wheelbase including the front overhang (bng khong cch ga 2
trc bnh xe k c phn nh ra ca xe pha trc-t u xe ti trc sau ca xe)
Wheelbase: khong cch gia 2 trc ca xe.
M rng bng theo tiu chun Vit Nam

Xem xt Code khi to Catalog Landoside
Dim dMaximumWideningWidth As Double
Set superData = oAlignment.SuperelevationData
If superData.Count > 0 Then
Dim oArc As IAeccAlignmentArc
Set oArc = oAlignment.entities(oAlignment.entities.Count - 1)
Dim dR As Double

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CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
dR = oArc.Radius
dMaximumWideningWidth = vNumberOfTravelLanes * (dR - Sqr(dR * dR - vWheelbaseLength *
vWheelbaseLength))
For Each superElem In superData
If superElem.TransPointType = aeccSuperEndNormalCrown Then endNormalCrown =
superElem.RawStation
If superElem.TransPointType = aeccSuperBeginFullSuper Then beginFullSuper =
If superElem.TransPointType = aeccSuperEndFullSuper Then endFullSuper =
If superElem.TransPointType = aeccSuperBeginNormalCrown Then beginNormalCrown =
Next
If cStation < beginFullSuper And cStation > endNormalCrown Then
deltaWidth = ((cStation - endNormalCrown) / (beginFullSuper - endNormalCrown)) *
dMaximumWideningWidth
ElseIf cStation >= beginFullSuper And cStation <= endFullSuper Then
deltaWidth = dMaximumWideningWidth
ElseIf cStation > endFullSuper And cStation < beginNormalCrown Then
deltaWidth = (1 - ((cStation - endFullSuper) / (beginNormalCrown - endFullSuper))) *
dMaximumWideningWidth
End If
vWidth = vWidth + deltaWidth
End If
Nh vy iu thay i tnh ton m rng ng cng thc theo tiu chun VN l

rt n gin.

Page 129
CHNG 7: PROFILE TRC DC

Bao gm nhm i tng trong trc dc nh trc dc t nhin, trc dc thit k
(ng )
Trc dc sau khi thit k c lu tr trong th Prospector trn thanh Toolspace
nh sau: Site\ Alignments\ Design Alignment name\ Profile Profile view.
Ty bin hin th trc dc

Lm vic vi nhm Profile v Profile View trong th Settings thanh Toolspace.

Page 130
V d hiu chnh mt trc dc
Trc dc ban u khi cha hiu chnh

Page 131

Hiu chnh li
Kch chut phi vo li ca trc dc v chn Edit profile view style.
-
Dng th Display bt tt li v cc lable
Th Graph: hiu chnh t l cao :

Page 132

Page 133

Page 134

Page 135

Page 136

Page 137

Hiu chnh li trc dc t nhin
Kch chut phi vo trc dc t nhin v chn Edit Profile Style v Edit Labels
tin hnh hiu chnh kiu hin th ca trc dc, ta c kt qu nh sau:
Hiu chnh ng :

Page 138
Hiu chnh cc thanh d liu trc dc

Page 139
V d nh hnh trn, d liu ca Vertical Geometry ang l hnh chiu ca trc

dc t nhin, ta s chuyn sang ly d lu ca ng :
Vo hp thoi Profile View Properties\ th Bands
Trong hng Vertical Geometry, chuyn Profile1 t tn trc dc t nhin
sang ng (V2)

Page 140
Cng trong d liu Vertical Geometry, cho hin th chiu di cnh ng v

dc.
Kiu d liu Vertical Geometry ang s dng l Geometry, ta hiu chnh li kiu
hin th ny nh sau:
Tm n kiu Geometry ang dng trong th Setting trn thanh Toolspace
hoc chn lun trong hp thoi Profile View Properties\ th Bands

Page 141

Page 142

Page 143
Kt qu:

Page 144
CHNG 9: CORRIDOR M HNH MT BNG TUYN
CHNG 8: ASSEMBLIES & SUBASSEMBLY

Assembly c hiu nh mt mt ct ngang mu, nu trong phn mm thit k
ng Vit Nam ang s dng nhiu nht nh Nova, ta khai bo kch thc thnh
phn trong mt bng no th cng tng t nh vy, AutoCAD Civil 3D cho php
khai bo kch thc cc b phn cu thnh mt trc ngang (Subassembly) v a trc
tip mu trc ngang ra bn v.
Mt Assembly to bi nhiu Subassembly, cc Subassembly mu trong th vin
ca phn mm nm ngay trong thanh cng c Tool Palettes nh hnh di y.
hin th thanh cng c ny ta n t hp phm (Ctrl+3).
Hnh 8.1: Thanh cng c Tool Palettes.
Gh :

Page 145

-
Kch chut phi vo sn thanh cng c (v tr 1) v kim tra th vin mnh

ang s dng c ng h n v ang dng khng (v d ta dng h mt th
th vin dng phi l Civil 3D Metric Subassemblies).
Kch chut tri hoc phi vo v tr th hai xem c nhiu hn cc

nhm thnh phn trc ngang, c th nh sau:
o Nhm Assemblies Metric: cha cc mt cc ngang mu to sn.
o Nhm Basic: cha cc thnh phn cho mt dng ng n gin (ln
ng mt lp, taluy o p n gin, l ng, va h )
o Nhm Lanes: cha cc dng khc nhau cho thnh phn ln xe chy.
o Nhm Shoulders: cha cc dng khc nhau v l ng.
o Nhm Medians: cha cc dng khc nhau v gii phn cch.
o Nhm Curbs: cha cc i tng dng trong ng th.
o Nhm Daylight: cha cc dng khc nhau cho thit k taluy.
o Nhm Generic: ty bin.
o Conditional: Mt dng h tr thit k cc thnh phn trc ngang theo
cc iu kin t trc, t kim tra iu kin p thit k ng thc t
(v d, nu p <0,5m v >20m th s dng dng taluy c bit no
).
o Trench Pipes: cc i tng v knh, rnh
o Retaining Walls: cc i tng k, p, tng chn
o Rehab: cc thnh phn thit k ng nng cp.
o Bridge and Rail: cc thnh phn trc ngang l cu hay mt ct ngang
dng cho ng st.
hiu k hn mt b phn no , kch chut phi vo b phn v chn

Help, iu ny rt quan trng gip ta hiu hn cu to, kch thc mt b
phn sp s dng (mt Subassembly).
Cu to mt Subassembly
Cu to mt Subassebly gm cc im, ng v khi nh hnh di y:

Page 146
Hnh 8.2: Cu to mt Subassembly.
Cc im: P1, P2,
Cc ng: L1, L2,
Cc khi: S1, S2, .
Cc ng, im v khi u c m (hay l Code) s dng to m hnh 3D ca

tuyn ng thit k. Sau ny cc Code ny c dng l d liu to nn m hnh
mt bng ca tuyn nh mt thit k, mt o p nn ng , cng nh phc v
vic tnh ton khi lng, v d: cc ng L1 c Code l Top, sau ny c dng
to mt thit k (mt hon thin thit k) xem Chng 2 phn To cc mt sau
thit k.
To mt Assembly
To mt Assembly t cc Subassembly sn c trong Tool Palettes.
to mt Assembly ta lm mt trong cc cch nh sau:
-
Trn menu Corridor, chn Create Assembly
Thanh thanh Ribbon, th Home, khung Create Design, chn biu tng
Trong hp thoi Create Assembly hin ra, t tn cho mt ct ngang mu ca

mnh, chn Ok ri kch ra mt im ngoi bn v chn trc i xng ca mt ct
ngang mu.

Page 147
Hnh 8.3: hp thoi Create Assembly v trc i xng ca mt ct ngang mu.
Tip tc to thm cc b phn trong mt ct ngang: ln ng, l, taluy bng

cch chn trong thanh Tool Palettes, cch thit k xem li trong Chng 2.
To mt Subassembly t ng Polyline
Cc thnh phn bt k trong mt ct ngang (tr taluy) u c th t nh ngha
bng mt ng Polyline bt k.
V d nh hnh hai b phn trc ngang l mt xe chy v rnh bng ng
Polyline nh sau:
Hnh 8.4: nh hnh trc Subassembly bng ng Polyline.
Dng lnh Create Subassembly from Polyline:

Menu: Corridor/ Create Subassembly from Polyline.
Thanh Ribbon: Home/ Create Design/ Create Subassembly from Polyline.
Page 148

Chn vo cc ng Polyline v t tn s dng theo mong mun nh v d trong
hp thoi:
Hnh 8.5: Hp thoi Create Subassembly by Polyline.
Cc tc v vi mt Subassembly c to bi mt ng Polyline:
Sau khi khi to xong n thun mt Subassembly bng Polyline ta s c mt
i tng c bn nh sau:
Hnh 8.6: Subassembly va to cha hon chnh.
Kch chn vo i tng Subassembly ny, cc tc v vi n c hin th ngay

trn thanh Ribbon nh sau:

Page 149

Hnh 8.7: Cc tc v vi Subassembly to t Polyline.
Add Code: to code cho cc thnh phn ng, im v khi ca

Subassembly va to t Polyline, thao tc theo dng nhc Command. V d
bn chn Add Code v chn vo Subassembly va to, dng Command
nhc nh sau:
o Enter code: t tn code.
o Select a subassembly point/link/shape: Chn vo i tng im,
ng hoc khi chn code va t tn trn. Gi d nu chn
vo ng (link) trn cng, ng ny s c thay i mu sc
khc i v khi to mt thit k nh trong Chng 2, phn To mt
sau thit k ta s thy tn Code mnh va t nm trong danh sch
Code chn - (3) Hnh 2.40. Cc ng c Code khc nhau mu s
khc nhau.
Add Shape: To khi khi ta chn cc ng (link) bao kn khi .
Modify Origin: Thay i v tr im trn ca Subassenbly vo trc ngang (v

d im trn cho mt xe chy phi l v tr tri trn, mt xe chy tri l v tr
phi trn).
Remove Code: Xa Code.
Remove Shape: Xa khi.
Subassembly Properties: xem thuc tnh cc i tng ca Subassembly
Mirror: to mi mt i tng t vic ly i xng i tng c chn.
Add to Assembly: Chn Subassembly va to vo trc ngang.
Sau khi to hon chnh th mt cc Subassembly s c dng nh hnh v d di

y:
Hnh 8.8: V d Subassembly hon chnh to t Polyline.
Cc nt mu xanh l v tr chn ng cho cc i tng bn tri v bn phi.

Page 150

Chn Subassembly va to vo trc ngang.
chn Subassembly va to vo trc ngang hay vo mt Subassembly no
c sn trn trc ngang ta chn tc v Add to Assembly ni phn trn, sau chn
im chn nh chn cc Subassembly thng thng.

Page 151
CHNG 9: CORRIDOR - M HNH MT BNG

TUYN
Corridor c hiu nh m hnh 3D tuyn ng, c to bi cc mt bng
tuyn (Alignments), ng (Profile Design), v cc trc ngang mu (Assemblies).
Chi tit c trng mt Corridor

Mt Corridor n gin nht gm mt Alignment, mt Profile, mt Assembly. Ta
thao tc nh sau:
-
Menu: Corridor/ Create Corridor
Ribbon: Home/ Create Design/ Corridor/ Create Corridor
Ch : Xem li Chng 2/ To m hnh tuyn.

Hp thoi
View/ Edit Corridor Section

Corridor Section l mt ct corridor ti cc v tr chn Assembly, c khai bo
khi to Corridor trong hp thoi Frequency to Apply Assemblies:
Chc nng ny cho ta xem xt cc mt ct v hiu chnh ring Assembly ti mt

ct , tng ng vi cng vic hiu chnh mt mt ct ngang c bit.
Viewing and Editing the Divided Highway Corridor

Phn ny lu khng ng n nn khng nh mc ch cho lm.
Phn ny ta s tm hiu cch thc hin th tm thi m hnh Corridor v hiu
chnh chng.
-
Xem li cc v tr thay i siu cao:
1. With the corridor selected, right-kch. Kch Object Viewer. Use the Object Viewer to
view, rotate, and orbit the corridor. When you are finished, press Esc to close the
viewer.
- Kch chut phi vo Corridor v c

-k
2. Kch Corridors menu
> View/Edit Corridor Section.
3. Press Enter and kch Divided Highway from the Select A Corridor dialog box.
4. Use the View/Edit Corridor Section Tools to view the corridor sections at each
corridor station by kching
(previous) and
(next), and by selecting
stations from the dropdown list.

Notice how the sections behave in different cut and fill situations, and in the
superelevation transitions. For example, at station 4+50 the road is in a shallow cut on
one side and deep cut on the other. The criteria set for the DaylightStandard
subassembly caused it to use a 6:1 slope on the left side, and a 4:1 slope on the right
side.
5. View the sections in full superelevation (6+50 to 12+25). Using the Centerline Pivot
option on the depressed median subassembly causes the lanes and shoulders to
superelevate about a point above the centerline ditch. A straight edge laid against the
lane surfaces would pass through the profile grade point.
6. Close the View/Edit Corridor Section Tools when finished.
7. In the drawing, zoom in to the assembly so that its subassemblies are visible.
8. On the Prospector tab, under drawing Corridor-3b, expand the Assemblies collection.
Right-kch Assembly - (1). Kch Properties.
The Assembly Properties dialog box is displayed.
9. Kch the Construction tab. Kch MedianDepressedShoulderExt under Group - (1) in
the item tree. The list of parameter names and values for the subassembly are
displayed.
10. Kch the Default Input Value column for Centerline Pivot. Set it to Pivot about inside
edge-of-traveled-way.
11. Kch OK.
12. On the Prospector tab, expand the Corridors collection, right-kch the corridor
Divided Highway. Kch Rebuild to update the corridor model.
13. Kch Corridors menu
View/Edit Corridor Section.
14. View a corridor section in the full superelevation region (stations 6+25 through
12+25). Notice that the profile grade is held at the inside edges-of-traveled-ways and
the lanes and shoulders pivot about this point.
Creating Corridor Surface

- To cc mt Corridor-(1) Top v Corridor-(1) Datum nh trong Help Tutorials
- Xem xt cao cc mt ti v tr STA=6+00
Cao gia Top v Datum chnh nhau khong 1,5, xem xt Asembly properties:
Chiu sau cc lp l 0,083 = 0,0253m = 2,53 cm
B mt Corridor-(1) Top l b mt trn cng ca mt ung , bt u t 2 mp ta

luy tri phi, bao gm c cc lp mt ng.
B mt Corridor-(1) Datum l b mt di cng, cng to t 2 mp ta luy tri
phi, b mt ny c trng nh nn ng pha di cc lp o ng.
S chnh lch gia 2 b mt ny s i din cho khi lng vt liu chung
cn cho cc lp o ng. V hin nhin n s l khi lng p c hin
th trong thanh Panorama tnh ton khi lng.
Din tch mt ct ngang LaneOutsideSuper: 2x24x1.5 = 72

Din tch mt ct ngang 2x(11x1.5)= 33
Din tch mt ct ngang 2x(24x1.5)= 72
Tng = 177
1729.0486*177=
Rendering Corridors
CHNG 10: PIPE NETWORK H THNG NG NG
CHNG 10: PIPE NETWORK H THNG NG

NG
Vi AutoCAD Civil 3D ta c th thit k hon chnh mt mng li ng ng
th hin trn c trn mt bng, trc dc v trn cc mt ct ngang.
Cc i tng chnh l cc dng ng ng - Pipe v cc dng kt cu nh h thu,
ca x - Structure. Nhng i tng ny c th t to hoc s dng cc mu c sn
ca chng trnh theo hai h n v Metric v Imperial.
Cc i tng chnh trong mt Pipe Network

Pipe network mt mng bao gm cc b phn ng ng v kt cu cng trnh
km theo.
Pipe i tng ng ng.
Structure i tng kt cu cng trnh km theo nh h thu, ca x.
Null structure l i tng c bit ca i tng Structure c a vo mng
ng ng khi ta u mt ng ng trc tip vo mt ng ng khc, m khng c
kt cu no gi hai ng ng. Ging nh cc kiu khc ca i tng structure, tn
ca i tng ny khng hin trn thanh cng c Prospector nhng li hin trong danh
sch Prospector List View. Ta c th gn mt kiu no cho cc i tng Null
structure tuy nhin chng khng th nhn thy c trong bn v.
Part Catalog kho mu i tng v Pipe v Structure c nh ngha sn trong
chng trnh, bao gm dng hnh hc ca Pipe v Structure, cc kch thc.
Parts List Mi Parts List cha mt nhm cc dng i tng Pipe v Structure
c lc ra t Part Catalog.
Tm hiu cc mu sn trong Part Catalog

Cc mu Pipe
Cc dng mu cho ng (pipe) c chng trnh xy dng sn gm c:
Dng
Hnh hc
Circular
Egg-Shaped
Vt liu
M t
Concrete
ng b tng hnh trn
Ductile Iron
ng thp hnh trn
PVC
ng nha PVC hnh trn
Concrete
Cng bt tng hnh trng
Concrete Elliptical
Cng b tng hnh ellip

Cng b tng hnh ellip vt
bng nh:
Pipe
Elliptical
Concrete
Horizontal
Hnh 11.3: Concrete

Horizontal Elliptical Concrete
Culvert SI
Rectangular
Concrete Box
Cng hp b tng hnh ch

nht

Cc mu Structure
Cc mu kt cu km theo c chng trnh to sn gm c:
Dng
Hnh hc
Inlet-Outlet
Ca x - ca
thu
Rectangular
Vt liu
M t
Concrete
Variable Height
Concrete
Slab Top
Circular Frame
Rectangular
Slab Top
Rectangular
Frame
Two-Tier
Circular Frame
Junction with
Frames
Slab Top
Circular Frame
Concentric
Cylindrical
Eccentric
Eccentric TwoTier Circular
Frame
Junction
without
Frames
Rectangular
Cylindrical
Rectangular
Concentric
Cylindrical
To mi mt Parts Lits:
-
Chn th Settings trn thanh Toolspace, m rng cy th mc Pipe

Network, kch chut phi vo Parts Lists chn Create Parts List
Trong hp thoi Network Parts List New Parts List, lm vic chnh vi hai
th l Pipe v Structure:
Hnh 11.1 Network Parts List to mi mt Parts List.
Trong th Pipe ca hp thoi Network Parts List nh trn hnh 11.1, kch chut
phi vo New parts list chn Add part family, xut hin hp thoi Part Catalog nh
sau:
Trong hp thoi hin ra, s dng cc mu ng (pipe) no ta tch vo mu

nh trong hnh v chn OK.

Lc ny cc mu c chn s nm trong hp thoi Network Pipe List ti hai th
Pipe v Structure, ta kch chut phi vo mu v chn Add Part Size la chn kch
thc cho mu.
Cc thng s kch thc ca Pipe

Kch thc cho mt mu Pipe gm c:
Gii thch ngha:

Wall Thickness
Inner Pipe Diameter
Cross Sectional Shape
Minimum Curve Radius
Manning Coefficient
Hazen Williams Coefficient
Darcy Weisbach Factor
Material
Chiu dy thnh ng
ng knh trong ca ng
Hnh dng mt ct ngang
H s nhm, thng ly bng 0,012 cho
ng b tng
H s Hazen Williams
Vt liu
Cc thng s kch thc ca Structure

Kch thc cho mt mu Structure gm c;
Gii thch ngha

Ta c th hiu ngha ca cc thng s ny thng qua hnh minh ha di y:

Thng s
Hnh m t
Wall Thickness
Vertical Pipe Clearance
Structure Shape
Structure Height
Structure Diameter
Rim to Sump Height
Material
Inner Structure Diameter
Grate
Frame Height
Frame Diameter
Frame
Floor Thickness
Cover
Cone Height
Barrel Pipe Clearance
Ch :
-
Chn Add all sizes s dng ton b kch thc ca mu c nh trong

Catalog.

-
i vi nhng Structure khc nhau, hnh dng khc nhau, s c thng s

khng c v lc n b n gi tr kch thc i.
Trong mt mu Pipe v Structure, cc kch thc no c c nh cng s

b n i v ta khng th thay i c chng.
Thit k mng ng ng Pipe network

Cc vn chnh quan tm trong qu trnh thit k mng ng ng bao gm cc
vn chnh sau y:
-
Kch thc ca cc b phn trong mng ng ng.
Thit k mt bng mng ng ng cch thc thit k mng ng ng

bm theo tuyn, thit k cc on thng, thit k cc on cong ca ng
ng.
Thit k chiu ng ca mng ng ng:

o Cao t nh kt cu (structure) h ga, ca x
o su chn u v cui on ng (pipe), dc dc on ng.
Cc bc thit k Pipe network:

Khi thit k Pipe NetWork c th tri qua cc bc cn bn sau y:
1. To Surface v Alignment
Nn to trc Surface v Alignment v mng ng ng c th c gn mt
Surface v mt Alignment no khi thit k cao v mt bng
2. To cc kiu hin th cho Pipe, Structure trong mt bng, trc dc v trc
ngang
3. To Part List v cc mu ring t Part Builder nu cn thit, to Part Rules
4. To Pipe Network trn mt bng
-
Menu Pipe/Create Pipe Network

o By Layout
o From Object
Chn lin kt vi Surface v Alignment
Chn Part List
Chn Style v Lable
5. Kim tra phm vi nh hng giao ct (Checking for Intereferences)

Trn mt bng ti nhng v tr c b phn ca mng giao ct nhau cn phi kim
tra v khong cch cho php gia cc b phn

6. Thit k hnh chiu ng ca Pipe Network
Thit k cao ca cc b phn, dc thit k ca Pipe
7. p Part Rules cho cc b phn ca mng
8. To nhn, bng thng k cc b phn
9. a Pipe Network ra cc trc ngang khi bm theo Alignment
Thit k Pipe Network trn mt bng

C th s dng hai cng c thit k
Khi dng thanh cng c layout tool thit k, vo Network Properties t tn cho
Structure v Pipe, sau ny xut Label s khng phi chnh li nhiu.
Thm i tng vo mng
Tm hiu Part Builder

Part Builder c chc nng thit k nh hnh mt b phn no trong mng
ng ng v c th lu tr nh mt thnh phn trong AutoCAD Civil 3D Part
Catalog, tc l khi to mt mu v c th dng li bt c khi no.
Tng quan v Part Builder

Placement Points
Use the Autolayout Data option to define the part placement point in the drawing.
S dng cc la chn Autolayout Data xc nh v tr ca i tng c chn
trong bn v.
After finalizing the part model, you need to define the placement point for the part
to ensure that it can be placed correctly in a drawing. The Autolayout Data option in
the part browser controls how placement points can be defined. When you enable this
option, an Autolayout Data folder is available in the part browser that includes
commands for adding placement points.
This is done by selecting a fixed point in the model. This point must be in the z =
0 plane. By choosing a fixed point, the parametric model will retain this position as it
is dynamically sized.
The placement point is the insertion point used to place the part in a drawing. You
simply specify a point in your model for the placement point.
CHNG 11: CROSS SECTION & VOLUMES
CHNG 11: CROSS SECTIONS & VOLUNMES

MT CT NGANG V KHI LNG
Cng vi mt thit k trc ngang(Assembly) Sections quy nh b rng hin th
phi cnh ca a hnh sau khi p thit k trc ngang cho tuyn.
Hiu chnh bng trc ngang trong Civil 3D

Section View Properties:

Band Type
Style
Description
Gap
Show Labels
Major Interval (*)
Minor Interval (*)
Label Start Offset
Label End Offset
Section1
Section2
Surface1
Surface2
Weeding
Stagger Lablels
Stagger Line Height
: Kiu d liu bng

: Kiu
: M t
: Khong trng hai hng
: Check hin th nhn
: Khong tng li chnh
: Khong tng li ph
: Chn nhn v tr u
: Chn nhn v tr cui
: Mt ct 1
: Mt ct 2
: Mt 1
: Mt 2
: M rng
ang tip tc nghin cu n phn Band ca trc ngang.

ang thc mc s th hin ca mt ct ngang thit k.
Creating Sample Lines

In this exercise, you will create a set of sample lines along the alignment. This
is the first step in generating cross sections.
The sample lines define the stations at which the cross sections are cut, and
also the width of the sections to the left and right of the alignment. A set of
sample lines is stored under a Sample Line Group for the alignment. Each
sample line group has a unique name. Each line within the group also has a
unique name.
To create sample lines
1 Navigate to the tutorial drawings folder. Open the drawing
Corridor-5a.dwg.
2 Turn OSNAP off.

3 Kch Sections menu Create Sample Lines.
4 At the Select An Alignment prompt, press Enter to display the Select
Alignment dialog box.
5 Select Centerline (1). Kch OK.
The Create Sample Line Group dialog box is displayed. This dialog box
defines the characteristics of the sample line group. The Imperial By Layer
template contains pre-defined line styles and line label styles for the
sample lines.
6 For Sample Line Style, select Road Sample Lines.
7 For Sample Line Label Style, select Name & Section Marks.
The Section Sampling Defaults section lists the possible data sources for
the cross sections. Data sources may include surfaces, corridor models,
and corridor surfaces. Each surface and corridor surface results in a single
cross-sectional string. Using the corridor model as a source includes all
of the points, links, and shapes in the model.
8 Verify that the Sample check boxes are selected for all entries in the table.
9 You can double-kch a Style cell in the table to select the Section Style.
Set the Section Styles to the following:
EG: Existing Ground
Corridor - (1): All Codes
202 | Chapter 11 Corridors

Corridor - (1) Corridor - (1) Top: Finished Grade
Corridor - (1) Corridor - (1) Datum: Finished Grade
10 Kch OK to close the dialog box.

Kim tra li style: Finished Grade ca Corridor-6a
The Sample Line Tools toolbar is displayed. A Specify Station prompt is
displayed at the command line.
11 On the toolbar, kch the Down arrow next to the Sample Line Creation
Methods button . Kch From Corridor Stations. This option creates
a sample line at each station found in the corridor model.
The Create Sample Lines - From Corridor Sections dialog box is displayed.
This dialog box provides settings for defining the station range and widths
of the sample lines. Note that it includes options for setting the Start
Station and End Station, and for using offset alignments to set the Left
Swath Width and Right Swath Width.
12 Set the Width values for both the Left Swath Width and Right Swath
Width to 150. Kch OK. This creates and draws the sample lines and
returns you to the Sample Line Tools for defining additional lines, if
desired.
13 Close the Sample Lines Tools toolbar.
14 To continue this lesson, go to Creating Section Views (page 203).
Section View Properties.

Distance from Centerline
Distance from Centerline Side
Offset from Centerline
Offset from Centerline Side
Section 1 Elevation
Section 2 Elevation
Section 1 Elevation Minus Section 2 Elevation
Section 2 Elevation Minus Section 1 Elevation

Previous Segment Direction
Next Segment Direction
Deflection Angle at Vertex
Section Segment Length

Section segment slope length
Section segment cross slope
Section segment start offset
Section segment start offset side
Section segment start elevation
Section segment end offset
Section segment end offset side
Section segment end elevation

Section segment elevation change
Section name
Section surface name
TNH TON CC LOI KHI LNG
In this lesson, you will use the sample lines created in the previous tutorial to
calculate cut and fill earthwork quantities.
Earthwork and material volumes are calculated by comparing two sample line
surfaces to each other. You can calculate quantities between sample lines derived from
regular surface models and from corridor surfaces.
Khi lng cng tc o p v vt liu c tnh ton bng vic so snh 2 b mt

sample line vi nhau. You c th tnh ton cc khi lng gia 2 sample line bt
ngun t m hnh b mt chnh (b mt a hnh c m t li t thc a qua file d
liu hoc ng ng mc ) v t b mt corridor
User-definable tables specify which materials are defined by which surfaces, and
the characteristics of these materials. Finally, average end area analysis is used to
tabulate the material quantities along the corridor.
Cui cng, bn kt qu din tch c s dng cho di dng bng khi lng vt
liu dc theo corridor.
Reviewing Quantity Takeoff Settings

In this exercise, you will review the different settings available for quantity take
off.
To review quantity takeoff settings
Trong bi tp ny, ta s xem li cc thit lp khc nhau c sn dng cho
Quantity Takeoff.
1 Navigate to the tutorial drawings folder. Open the drawing Corridor-6a.dwg.
Tm th mc Tutorial drawing, m bn v Corridor-6a
2 On the ToolspaceSettings tab, expand Quantity Takeoff Commands.

3 Under the Commands collection, double-kch GenerateQuantitiesReport to
display the Edit Command Settings - GenerateQuantitiesReport dialog box.
4 Browse through the various settings available, but do not change any settings.
When finished, kch Cancel.
c lt qua cc thit lp khc nhau c sn, nhng khng thay i mt thit lp
no. Khi kt thc, chn Cancel.
5 On the ToolspaceSettings tab, expand Quantity Takeoff Quantity Takeoff
Criteria. Three styles are defined under the branch.
Ba mu c nh ngha di nhnh.
6 Double-kch the Earthworks style to open the Quantity Takeoff Criteria Earthworks dialog box.
7 Kch the Material List tab.
This tab contains a pre-defined table for calculating earthworks (cut and fill) by
comparing a Datum surface layer to an existing ground surface layer.
Th ny bao gm 1 bng nh ngha cho vic tnh ton cng tc o p bng cch
so snh a Datum surface layer to an existing ground surface layer.
8 Expand the Earthworks item in the table. You will use the Earthworks criteria
in the next exercise to calculate the quantity takeoff.
Note that the Condition for the EG surface is set to Base, while that of the Datum
surface is set to Compare. This indicates that the material is going to be fill when
Datum is above EG, and cut when Datum is below EG. Also note the three Factor
values in the table:
Ch rng gi tr Condition (trng thi) cho mt EG l Base (c s), trong khi gi
tr ca mt Datum l Compare (so snh). Ng ny l vt liu l p nn Datum cao
hn EG, v o khi Datum thp hn EG. Cng ch n 3 gi tr Factor (nhn t)
trong bng:
The Cut factor is typically used as an expansion factor for excavated material. It
is usually 1.0 or higher.
The Fill factor is typically used as a compaction factor for fill material. It is
usually 1.0 or lower.
The Refill factor indicates what percentage of cut material can be reused as fill. It
should be 1.0 or lower.

9 Kch Cancel to close the dialog box.
10 To continue this lesson, go to Calculating Quantity Takeoff Volumes
Calculating Quantity Takeoff Volumes

In this exercise, you will use the Earthworks criteria to generate (pht sinh) a
quantity takeoff report.
Trong bi tp ny, ta s s dng cc tiu chun Earthworks php sinh mt bn
tnh ton khi lng.
This exercise continues from the preceding exercise, Reviewing Quantity Takeoff
Settings (page 206).
To calculate quantity takeoff volumes
1 Kch Sections menu Define Materials to display the Select a Sample Line
Group dialog box.
2 From the Select Alignment list, select Centerline (1).

3 From the Select Sample Line Group list, select SLG-1. Kch OK.
The Setup Materials dialog box displays a list of all items defined in the selected
criteria.
4 Verify that Quantity Takeoff Criteria field is set to Earthworks.

5 In the table, expand the Surfaces item. This shows surfaces EG and Datum.
Next, you will set the actual object names that define those surfaces.
6 In the Object Name column, kch the cell for the EG surface. Set that cell to
surface name EG.
7 For the Datum, set the Object Name to Corridor (1) Corridor (1) Datum.
In the Earthworks criteria settings, EG is set as the base surface and Datum is set
as the Compare surface. The Object Name fields specify which object calls for both an
EG surface as the base and a Datum surface as the comparison. These are criteria that
can be used with multiple projects and corridors.
Trong thuc tnh Earthworks criteria, EG t nh l mt c s cn Datum t nh
l mt so snh. Cc trng Object ch r i tng c t cho c 2 mt EG v
Datum.
The Object Name fields in the Setup Materials dialog box define a specific surface
and corridor surface to map to the names in the Earthworks criteria.

8 Kch OK to close the dialog box and calculate the quantities.
The calculation is performed and a list of materials is stored with the sample line
group properties. To view the results of the calculation, you will create a volume
report.
S tnh ton c thc hin v mt lis cc vt liu c lu tr cng vi cc
thuc tnh nhm mu ng thng. Hin th cc kt qu ca s tnh ton, bn s to ra
mt bn khi lng.
9 Kch Sections menu Generate Volume Report to display the Report

Quantities dialog box.
10 From the Select Alignment list, select Centerline (1).
11 From the Select Sample Line Group list, select SLG-1.
12 For Select a Style Sheet, select Earthwork.xsl.
13 Select Display XML Report to automatically display the report after it is
generated.
14 For Select a Material Collection, select Material List - (1).
This is the material list you created by calculating volume quantities for the
sample line group using the Earthworks criteria.
y l list vt liu bn bo ra t s tnh ton khi lng cho nhm sample line
dng tiu chun Earthwork.
V c nhiu tiu chun tnh ton p dng cho cc cng vic tnh ton khc nhau
cc ln khc.
15 Kch OK.
16 The report is displayed.
Xut hin thng bo t Internet Explorer: Scripts are usually safe. Do you want to
allow scripts to run?
Cc bn chnh thng c bo mt mt cht. Bn c mun cho php cc bn ny
chy khng?

The Cut Area is area of material in cut, times the Cut Factor defined in the
quantity takeoff criteria, and the Fill Area is the area of fill material times the Fill
Factor.
The areas for each material are averaged between stations and multiplied by the
station difference to produce the incremental volumes. These are added from station to
station to produce the cumulative volumes. Finally, the Cum. Net Volume value at
each station is calculated as the cumulative Reusable volume minus the cumulative
Fill volume.
Calculating
CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T)
CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT

GIAO - (CNG MC CH T)
Trong phn ny s hng dn mt cch tng quan nht thit k c mt nt
giao (Junction) cng mc ch T, cc dng khc k c nt giao khc mc cng c
thc hin gn tng t.
Thit k mt nt giao ch T, vi cc thng s c bn sau:
Hai ng giao ct l ng 2 ln, b rng ln bng nhau (vd = 3.65m)
Bn knh cong trong nt giao R = 12m
M hnh b mt ly bt k.
Step 1: Thit k m phng nt giao bng cc ng Polylines
Sep 2: To cc ng Alignments c trng t cc ng

Polylines.
Mt s cc ng c trng cn ch nh sau:
-
Cc trc ng chnh (Main Centreline).
ng nhnh (Side Centreline).
ng gii hn ngoi ca nt giao (JCT Left v JCT Right).
on ng vin ca ng trc chnh v ng nhnh (Bellmouth)
ngha ca cc ng ny s dn lm r trong qu trnh thit k nt giao.

Xp xp u tin cc ng nh sau: ng trc chnh ng nhnh ng
gii hn ngoi ca nt giao ng vin.

Nhng ng c u tin thp hn s thit k ng da vo m hnh mt
bng ca cc ng c u tin cao hn.
Tn cc Alignment ly nh hnh v trn.
Step 3: Thit k ng ca trc ng chnh

Ta c th ly lun ng ca trc chnh nu thit k, hoc thit k ring cho on qua
ng giao ct.
Cc s liu v d:
Tn trc dc: Main Centreline
Tn trc dc t nhin: Existing Ground - Surface (1)
Tn ng thit k: Vetical
Step 4: Thit k ng ca trc ng nhnh

Phn ng nhnh ti on giao ct vi ng chnh phi ly cao bng mt bng ng
chnh. Do , trc khi thit k ng ca ng nhnh phi to m hnh b mt ca
ng chnh theo thit k ban u, m hnh ny l m hnh tm thi ch nhm phc v cng
tc thit k ng ng ca ng nhnh.
Thit k mt ct ngang v to m hnh b mt cho ung chnh.

Mt ct ngang thit k y ch nhm mc ch to m hnh b mt ph c
mc theo ng thit k, cc ng c u tin thp hn c thit k

ng theo m hnh b mt ny. Sau khi thit k c ht cc ng
cho cc Alignment, cc m hnh b mt ph s c xa i v chnh thc
thit k theo cc mt ct ngang chun.
Mu mt ct ngang ny ch quan trng dc ngang mt ng phi theo ng

thit k, b rng ln ly rng hn ln thit k chun (ly vd v 2 pha l 5m).
Tn Assembly: Temp
S dng: LaneOutsideSuper
To m hnh b mt:
-
Create Corridor:
o Alignment: Main centreline (trc ng chnh)
o Profile (ng ): Vertical
o Assembly: Temp
M hnh mt bng ph nn bao c mt phn on cong ca hai ng gii hn nt

giao.
-
Create Corridor Surface
Chn b mt l mt trn cng Specify code: Top.

Cch thc xy dng m hnh b mt gii thiu phn trn
M hnh mt bng ph cho trc chnh sau khi xy dng nh sau:
Mt phn ca ng nhnh (Side road) nm trong m hnh va to, ng ca

ng nhnh s ly theo cao b mt ca m hnh ny.

Thit k ng cho ng nhnh
Thit k trc dc cho ng nhnh (Side Centreline) trn c m hnh b mt

a hnh ban u (Exsting Ground) v m hnh b mt ph ca trc ng
chnh va to trn (Main Temp Surface).
Trc dc lc ny c dng:
Thit k ng cho ng nhnh.

ng cho ng nhnh phi c mt phn ln trc dc t nhin trn b mt
Main Temp Surface.
Tn ng ca ng nhnh trong v d l: Vertical (1)
Step 5: Thit k ng cho cc ng gii hn ngoi ca nt

giao
Tng t nh thit k ng cho ng nhnh, cc ng gii hn ngoi hay
ng vin khc cong trong nt giao c mt phn ly theo cao mt bng ca ng
chnh, mt phn ly theo cao ca ng nhnh.
Ta cn phi xy dng m hnh b mt ph cho ng nhnh.
Xy dng m hnh mt bng ph cho ng nhnh
Ta vn ly mu mt ct Temp trn to m hnh mt bng ph cho ng

nhnh.
Create Corridor:
M hnh mt bng to trn mt on ng nhnh, nn bao qua mt phn on

cong ca cc ng vin nt giao, to nn cc on chuyn tip cao ca ng
chnh v ng nhnh.
Create Corridor Surface.
M hnh b mt va to ly tn v d l: Side Temp Surface
Thit k ng cho ng gii hn ngoi ca nt giao.

Thit k cc trc dc t nhin.
Trc dc t nhin ca cc ng gii hn ny gm 3 phn, mt phn da trn b
mt a hnh ban u (Exsting Ground), mt phn da trn b mt ph ca ng
chnh (Main Temp Surface), mt phn da trn b mt ph ca ng nhnh (Side
Temp Surface)
Thit k ng
Thit k nh thng thng, ng nn thit k sao cho gn nh ln 2 phn
trc dc t nhin trn 2 b mt ph ca ng chnh v ng nhnh cng chnh xc
cng tt, cc im giao ct vi ng ph v ng nhnh th bt buc ly cao
bng cao b mt ca hai ng ny.
Tn ng ca ng vin tri (JCT Left) l: Vertical (2)

Tn ng ca ng vin tri (JCT Right) l: Vertical (3)
Step 6: Ly cao cho ng Bellmouth

Bellmouth ch l mt tn t cho mp ngoi mt ng ca ng trc chnh, ta
ly cao ca ng ny ly theo cao ca m hnh b mt ca ng chnh.
To trc dc ca ng Bellmount trn mt Main Temp Surface, nhng khng
cn thit k ng .
Trong hp thoi Create Profile from Surface, khng cn thit v trc dc ra ngoi
bn v m ch cn chn OK.
Step 7: Xy dng cc mt ct tiu biu cho nt giao.
Cc mt ct tiu biu cn thit xy dng on ni trong nt giao nh sau:

Mt ct thng thng trc nt giao ca ng chnh v ng ph (theo yu cu thit
k)
Nh trong bi ton v d, mt ct thng thng ca ng chnh v ng nhnh l ging
nhau, b rng ln l 3.65m khng c gii phn cch.
Tn Assembly: Typical Section
Mt ct ngang ly tim l trc chnh, mt na nh mt ct thng thng, mt na bn theo

ng Bellmouth.
Tn Assembly: Section without kerbs
Mt ct ly tim l cc ng gii hn ngoi ca nt giao (JCT Left, JCT Right), c mt na

bm theo ng Bellmouth, ng nhnh v mt na ging vi phn vai ng ca mt ct
thng thng
Tn Assembly cho ng JCT Left: JCT Lane to Right
Tn Assembly cho ng JCT Right: JCT Lane to Left
Step 8: To Corridor ti nt giao

M hnh ti nt giao trong bi ton c th chia lm 3 phn nh sau:
Tin hnh xy dng tng phn mt:

Vng 1 ()
Chn Corridor menu\ Create Corridor
Chn Alignment: Main Centreline
Chn Profile: Vertical
Chn Assembly: Section without kerbs
Vng 2()

Chn vo Corridor vng 1: Kch chut phi\ chn Corridor Properties\ th Parameters.
Chn biu tng
Add thm Baseline
Trong Baseline (2) mi nhp thm chn:

- Alignment: JCT Left
- Profile: Vertical (1)
Kch chut phi vo Baseline mi to chn Add Region v chn Assembly l JCT Lane to
Right
Region 1 mi to s kt thc ti v tr giao ct gia ng nhnh (Alignment Side

Centreline) v ng Bellmouth.
Chn vo thuc tnh Target ca Region 1 mi to, xut hin hp thoi Target Mapping v
chn nh trong hnh v.
Lc ny ln trong ca JCT Lane to Right s bm theo ng nhnh n im giao ct vi

ng Bellmouth v c trc dc theo ng ca ng nhnh (Vertical (1)).
Cng trong Baseline (2) to thm mt Region (2) vi

- Assembly: JCT Lane to Right
- im u: l im giao ct gia Side Centreline v Bellmouth.
- im cui: l im kt thc ca JCT Left v pha ng trc chnh Main Centreline.
- Thuc tnh Target ca Region (2) chn nh trong hnh

Lc ny ln trong ca JCT Lane to Right s bm theo ng Bellmouth v c trc dc ca
ng Bellmouth trn m hnh b mt Main Temp Surface.
Vng 3
Lm tng t nh vng 2 vi Alignment l JCT Right.
Step 9: Hon thnh m hnh nt giao

hon thnh m hnh hon chnh ca nt giao trn b mt a hnh ban u (Existing
Ground):
Kch chut phi vo Corridor ca nt giao va to, chn Corridor Properties, chn th
Parametre, chn set all Targets, chn Kch here to set all, chn mt Existing Ground.
Trn trc ng chnh v trc ng nhnh s dng mt ct ngang thng thng (Typical
Section) to m hnh b mt tuyn nh thng thng.
Ta c th to mt trn cng ca m hnh b mt nt giao va mi to v kim tra li mt cch

trc quan hn kt qu va thit k vi cc mi tn hng dc hay m hnh 3D.
CHNG 13: GRADING
CHNG 13: GRADING THIT K M HNH SAN

LP & TNH TON KHI LNG SAN LP.
AutoCAD Civil 3D h tr vic thit k san lp a hnh qua cc bc c th nh
sau:
-
To ng c s Feature line.
Thit k m hnh t cc ng Feature line.
To chn taluy xung a hnh t nhin.
To m hnh hon chnh v ghp chung v t nhin.
Hiu mt s vn khi lm vic

Cc hp thoi:
Create Feature lines
Hp thoi khi to ng Feature line t ng Polyline (hoc cc i tng khc)
CHNG 13: GRADING

Erase existing entities: Xa i tng c khi to Feature line ( y l ng
Polyline b xa)
Assign elevation: Gn lun cao cho cc nh Feature Line.
Weed points: Loi tr im
Assign Elevations
Hp thoi xut hin khi hp thoi Create Feature Line ta la chn ch gn
cao (Assign Elevation)
Cc la chn (Options)
-
Elevation: t cao cho ng Feature t gi tr in vo .

From gradings: theo Grading.
From surface: theo b mt
o Insert intermediate grade break points: T ni suy cc im gy a hnh
theo Feature Line chn im, cao .
Weeding Factors
CHNG 13: GRADING
Cc gi tr trong hp thoi Weed Vertices c ngha nh sau:

-
Weeding Factors: Ti cc im tha mn (nh hn) gi tr in trong s

b loi b.
Close Point Removal: Loi b im bt k tha mn khong cch 3D nh

hn gi tr trong .
Site Properties:
Th Information: lu tr thng tin m t v tn ca Site.

Th 3D Geometry:
Thuc tnh Site Display Mode:
CHNG 13: GRADING

Use elevation: ngha?
Flatten elevation:
Thanh cng c Grading Creation Tools
: To Grading group
Cc gi tr Tessellation spacing, Tessellation angle gip vic cy thm im trn

cc ng feature line to mt c chi tit hn.
Cc dng thit k:
-
Grade to Distance: (nhp khong cch v dc).
CHNG 13: GRADING

Yu cu la chn khong cch t Feature Line n ng sau thit k, lc
cao ca ng sau thit k s c ni suy theo khong cch v
dc
o Select the feature: Chn vo ng Feature
o Select the grading side:
o Apply to entire length? [Yes/No] <Yes>: Y
Yes: thit k ton b theo ng Feature.
No: yu cu chn im u n th hai thit k.
Select the start point:
Station <0+898.09m>:
Specify point or [Length]:
Station <0+360.57m>:
o Grading Criteria: Grade to Distance
o Specify distance <1.000m>: 5
o Format [Grade/Slope] <Slope>: 2
o Invalid option keyword.
o Format [Grade/Slope] <Slope>: S
o Slope <2.00:1>: 2
-
Grade to Elevation: La chn cao v c dc ca mi o mi p

thit k. Lu , cao la chn l cao tuyt i, khng phi cao
chnh cao vi ng Feature Line.
Grade to Relative Elevation: Tng t nh trn nhng cao la chn l

cao tng i so vi ng feature line
Grade to Surface: La chn dc ca mi p v mi o thit k

chn taluy xung b mt t nhin.
bt taluy xung b mt no ta chn nt
To ng Feature line.
To Feature line
Cc cch thc to mt ng Feature line.
-
Vch ng Feature line trc tip.
To ng Feature line t cc i tng ca AutoCAD Civil 3D
CHNG 13: GRADING

Vch ng Feature line
CHNG 14: PARCEL
CHNG 14: PARCEL QUY HOCH CHIA L

Nhng ch trong thit k Parcel
Pick a point within the parcel to be subdivided: Chn mt im trong Parcel
chia l.
Select start point on frontage:
CHNG 15: MAP IN AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D
CHNG 15: MAP IN AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D
CHNG 16: SHARING THE MODEL
CHNG 16: SHARING THE MODEL
PH LC 1: MT S RC RI V LI V CNH BO
PH LC 1: MT S RC RI V LI V CNH
BO
Mt vi li cnh bo trong hp thoi Panorama:
Warning
-
Corridor is out of date and may be out of sync with other objects
Corridor ht hiu lc v c th khng cn ng b cng vi cc i tng khc
Imformation
-
This profile view has data bands that require appropriate features(profile1,
profile2 etc...) to be associated. Please set them through bands tab of
profile view properties dialog.
Profile view ny c nhng d liu Band yu cu c nhng c tnh thch hp

(profile1, profile2 vv) c th lin kt c. Xin t cho ng chng qua th Bands
ca hp thoi Profile view properties.
Xem xt th Bands trong hp thoi Profile view properties ti y!
-
Point X, Y, Z ignored duplicate
b qua im xyz bn sao.
Drawing Recovery
Trong ln lm vic trc ca bn, chng trnh t ngt b li (hng).

Thng tin c ly li t cc file bn v c m trong thi gian .
Danh sch cc bn sao lu hin th cc file d phng m chng sn sng lm vic
lun. Double-kch vo cc file trn danh sch m v so snh ni dung ca chng.
La chn file m d liu khi phc tt nht, s dng Save As ch r v tr th
mc v tn ca file.
- Li khng khai bo vn tc thit k trc khi p tiu chun tnh Superelevation.
Design speeds are not found for the current aligment! Please specify them in
Design Speeds tab before computing superelevation parameters.
Vn tc thit k khng c xy dng cho Aligment hin hnh! Hy ch r
chng trong th Design Speeds trc khi s dng cc thng s siu cao.
- Cch thc thay i khong cch cc.
- Cnh bo: khi lm vic vi th Station Control
Bo trc! S thay i v tr im lin kt hoc gi tr ca im lin kt s xo tt

cc station equation (hiu nhng kh gii thch), vn tc thit k v c th gy nh
hng bt li cho cc i tng v d liu to ra sn t Alignment. OK tip tc
hoc Cancel b d qu trnh hot ng ny.
Tuy nhin d OK v thay i trong bn v m khng thy kt qu g, cn thay i
lun trong gi tr X, Y trn nhng cng khng c. Al
- ??? Ti sao sau khi to Alignment th cc Station c hin th, tuy nhin sau
th cc Station nay li mt i ngay sau khi to xong Corridor
PH LC 2: CC HP THOI V NG DNG
Label Style Composer
Th Information:
Cha cc thng tin chung v kiu Label Style, v d l kiu Standard. Bao gm:
-
Tn ku
M t v kiu
Ngui khi to v hiu chnh
Ngy khi to v hiu chnh.
Th General:
Profile view properties
Bands
D liu bands l cc d liu hnh chiu ca tuyn trn trc dc hoc bnh (siu
cao, cong bng, cong ng, mt ct ) dc theo (profile view) trc dc ca
(Alignment) tuyn.
S dng th ny qun l d liu band c t cho profile view.
Band Type
Ch r loi (kiu) ca d liu band thm vo tp hp: Profile Data (d liu
mt ct), Vertical Geometry (hnh chiu ng trn trc dc tuyn), Horizontal
Geometry (hnh chiu bng trn bnh tuyn), Superelevation (siu cao), Sectional
Data (d liu mt ct), hay Pipe Data (d liu ng).
Select Band Style

Ch r tng mu ring cho mi kiu d liu Band.
Add >>
Thm kiu Band vo trc hc, trc khi lm thao tc ny cn m bo chc chn
rng nhng thit lp l ng cho kiu d liu Band, mu (style) v v tr.
List of Bands
Location
Xc nh v tr kiu Band s hin th trn trc dc: trn cng hay di cng.
Band Type
Style
Description
Gap
nh khong cch gia hng d liu cha n v hng d liu ngay trn (hoc
di n) n.
Alignment
Ch ra i tng Alignment m n lm vic l g.
Profile1/Profile2
Specifies which profile or profiles supply the data for the band. For example, if two
profiles are specified for a Profile Data band, each station displayed in the band shows
the elevation information for both profiles.
Ch r mt ct hay nhng mt ct no cung cp d liu (cho) bng. Chng hn, nu
hai Mt ct c ch r (cho) mt bng D liu Mt ct, mi nh ga hin th trong
bng cho thy thng tin nng cao (cho) c hai Mt ct
Design Data
Specifies the source of the data displayed in the band.The options displayed depend
on the type of data band:
Pipe Data Band: Select a pipe network in the drawing file.
Sectional Data Band: Select a sample line group that is associated with the
alignment in the profile view
This column is available only for Pipe and Sectional data bands.
Material
Specifies a material or list of materials for which data is displayed in a Sectional Data
band. The options are generated using the properties of sample line groups that are
associated with the alignment in the profile view.
Weeding
Used only for labels at vertical geometry points on Profile Data bands only. Vertical
geometry points or grade breaks that are closer than the weeding factor are removed,
making it easier to read the remaining labels. Enter a positive number to specify a
label exclusion distance.
Label at Start
Specifies whether the start end of the band is labeled.
Label at End
Specifies whether the end of the band is labeled.
Label Origin
Specifies whether or not the profile view origin is labeled with its station and
elevation values.
Band Position Controls

Changes the position of data bands in the set and deletes unwanted bands.
Move selected data bands up.
Move selected data bands down.
Delete selected bands.
Import Band Set

Opens the Band Set dialog box. Select an existing band set to be added to the band set
for the current profile view.
Save As Band Set

Opens the Band Set dialog box where you can save the current band set as a style for
use with other profile views.
http://www.avat.com/training/elearning/media/edemos/pacificsoft/dp_grading/fra
meset.htm
(Avsd Solutions - Grading Calculation Functions within Design Point)
Thinhj hom nay la ngyaf mddfdfdj
PH LC 3: T CHUYN NGNH
Phc v Survey menu
1. Description keys: Cc kha m t.
2. Raw field data: D liu trng th
y c th m ch d liu ton c
3. Traverse loops: Cc vng lp ngang
4. Survey command line language: Ngn ng dng lnh kho st
5. External database: C s d liu ngoi
6. General limits: Gii hn tng qut
7. Setup initial geometry for the Object: Thit t v tr a l gc ca d n
8. Point protection: Bo v im
9. Side-shot: nh chp mt cnh (hay c hiu l hnh chiu cnh)
10. Closure data: D liu kp kn
11. Batch file: file b
12. Company standard: Chun chung
13. Field book file: File s tay gi chp o c (nh dng *.fbk)
14. Fahrenheit: Thang nhit F
15. Instrument station: Trm my
16. Ditto Feature
17. Point Course Echo
18. Figure Course Echo
19. Point Coordinate Echo
20. Figure Coordinate Echo
21. Notify: Thng bo
22. Check Shots
23. Sequential on (point): im lin tip
24. Reunite key symbols: Tp hp cc k hiu kha
25. Coordinate Echoing: Di ta (b tay khng hiu lm)
26. Actual description: M t thc
27. Wildcard characters: K t thay th
28. Data collection: B tp hp d liu
29. Backsight point: im ngm
30. Foresight to right: Gc o phi
31. Foresight slope Distance: Khong cch dc
32. Foresight vertical Angle: Gc ng
33. Prism height: Chiu cao mia
34. Observation: Quan trc
35. Observation point: im o c, im quan trc
36. Erase all existing observation: Xa tt c cc thng tin ang tn ti
37. Compass rule method: Phng php thc cong
38. Closure Adjustments: Cc hiu chnh kp kn
39. Compass rule: Thc cong
40. Transit rule: Thc truyn
41. Crandall: Thc Crandall
42. Bnh phng ti thiu
43. iu chnh mng li cc bnh phng ti thiu
44. Length Weighted distribution: Phn b chiu di trng lng
45. Equal distribution: Phn b bng ngang
46. Calculation Criteria: Ch tiu tnh ton
47. Traverse Analysis: Phn tch Traverse
48. Balance Angle: Cc gc bnh sai
49. Vertical Adjustment: Hiu chnh theo phng ng
50. Synonyms: Cc tn ng ngha
51. Fault-Line: Dng c li
52. Break line: Dng ngt qung
53. Figure prefix: Tin t ca hnh
C th hiu l mt cm k t m t chung cho cc im thuc cng mt hnh.
54. Duplicate points: Cc im nhn i

55. Loop number: S loop
56. Initial BS point: im ngm u tin
57. Occupied points: Cc im b chim
58. Final FS points: Cc im cui cng
59. Survey equipment settings: Cc thit lp thit b kho st
60. Horizontal collimation: Chun trc theo phng ngang
61. Vertical collimation: Chun trc theo phng ng
62. Horizontal Angle type: Loi gc theo phng ngang
63. Vertical Angle type: Loi gc theo phng ng
64. EDM refract index: Ch s khc x EDM
65. EDM wave constant: Hng s sng EDM
66. EDM offset: Dch chuyn EDM
67. Tilting: nghing
68. Measuring device: Dng c o
69. EDM scope: Phm vi EDM
70. EDM prop Error: Sai s t l
71. EDM constant error: Sai s khng i EDM
72. Horizontal/ Vertical Circle: Vng trn theo phng php theo phng
ngang v ng
73. Target Alignment: Thng hng theo mc tiu
74. Theodolite: my kinh v
75. Theodolite high error: Sai s theo chiu cao kinh v
76. Least squares: vung nh nht
77. Distance line: Nt biu th khong cch
78. Angle line: Nt biu th gc
79. Direction line: Nt biu th hng
80. Buried line: ng nt khut
81. Lots: L
82. Confidence interval: Khong tin cy
83. Error ellipses: Sai s hnh van
84. 2-3-dimensition: Kch thc khng gian 2-3 chiu
85. Calculation parameters: Tnh ton cc thng s
86. Max of iteration: lp li max
87. Coordinate convergence: Hi t ta
88. Ellipse scale factor: H s t l do dng van
89. Total # of unknown points: Tng s cc im cha bit
90. Total # observations: Tng s quan trc
91. Degrees of freedom: Cc t do
92. Confidence interval: tin cy
93. Number of iteration: lp
94. Chi square value: Tr s bnh phng Chi
95. Goodness of fit test: Sai s php o
96. Fails at the 5% level: Cc sai s mc 5%
97. SD: Khong cch xin
98. VA: Gc ng
99. ANG: Gc ngang
Phc v thit k ng trong Civil 3D

1. Alignment:
A series of 2D coordinates (northings and eastings), connected by lines, curves, or
spirals, used to represent features such as the road centerlines, edges of pavement,
sidewalks, or rights-of-way.
Mt series ca to 2D (bc v ng), c ni bi cc on thng, ng cong
hoc ng xon c, c s dng miu t cho cc c trng nh tim ng, cc
ng mp mt ng, cc va h, hay cc di p ca ng (USA)
2. BVC: Vertical Tangent-Curve Intersect.
3. BVCE: Vertical Tangent-Curve Intersect Elevation.
4. BVCS: Vertical Tangent-Curve Intersect Station.
5. BVP: Profile Start.
6. Band: (n) di dt v mng; ai; np; di; bng; ng k
Add data bands: Xut hin trong hp thoi khi to trc dc, cho php hoc khng
to hng d liu ngoi..( kh gii thch)
7. Catch basin: Ming cng, ging thu nc.
8. Channel:
- (n) eo bin; lng sng, lng sui; knh mng, rnh, lch; ng xoi;
ng dn (nc du); (ngha bng) ng, ngun (tin tc, ngh, t tng)
- (ngt) o rnh, o mng; chy xi (t) thnh khe rnh (nc ma);
chuyn; hng vo, xoy vo (ci g); bo ng xoi.
9. Configure: dinh hinh the, cho mot hinh dang

10. Company:
11. Computing: (dt) s s dng
12. Contains: Bao gm
AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 contains many new features and enhancements:
AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 bao gm nhiu c trng v nt ni bt mi.
13. Corridor
Any path, the length and location of which is typically governed by one or more
horizontal and vertical alignments. Examples are roadways, railways, traveled ways,
channels, ditches, utility runs, and airport runways.
Bt k ng (dn) no th chiu di v v tr ca n u chu nh hng bi mt
hoc nhiu hnh chiu nm v hnh chiu cng, v ng ng ca Alignment. Nhng
v d nh ng t, ng st, phn xe chy, knh, rnh, nhng on phc v cng
bng sn bay.
14. Dam: (n) p; b nc.
(ngt): xy p; ngn nc; (ngha bng) +up: ghm li, kim ch li.
To dam up one emotion: kim ch ni xc ng
15. Direction: (n) s iu khin, ch huy ; li hng dn, ch th ; phng
hng, chiu; phng din
Reverse Alignment direction: o chiu Alignment thao tc ny trong AutoCAD
Civil 3D lm cc i tng ca Ali i xng vi chnh n qua Alignment.
16. Enhancement: (dt) s l ni bt, nt ni bt.
17. Extract: (n) on trch; phn chit; (hc) cao.
18. EVC : Vertical Curve-Tangent Intersect.
im phn ct gia ng cong v cnh tuyn ng.
19. Feature: c trng.
New Features: Cc c trng mi.
20. Fixed: (adj) ng yn, bt ng, c nh; c b tr trc.
Fixed point: im c nh; cht kim tra c nh.
21. Flip: di chuyn, bng.
22. Gather: (ngt) tp hp, t hp li; thu thp; ly li; hiu, kt lun, suy ra.
23. General: (dt) Tng qut, chung, tng th.
24. Geometry: Hnh hc.
25. HP: High Point.
26. Include: Bao gm
27. Increment: S tng thm, s gia.
Station Increment: Khong tng ca cc cc.
28. Intersection: (n) s giao ct; ch ct ngang; im giao, ng giao
Tangent intersection: ng tip tuyn.
29. Information: (n) S cung cp thng tin; s thng tin; tin tc, ti liu; kin
thc.
Trong AutoCAD Civil 3D, th Information trong cc hp thoi properties ca cc
i tung s lu tr thng tin chung nht ca i tng nh: tn, c t (Description),
kiu ca i tng.
30. Intersect: (ngt) phn ct; (nt) ct nhau.
31. Lay-out: (dt) Cch b tr, cch trnh by, s b tr, s trnh by.
32. Level Crown Station: Hiu l v tr c dc ti 2 hai mi u bng 0 qua
nh. Hay
33. Levee: (n) con ; m khch; bui chiu i; bui tip khch khi va ng
dy.
(ngt) p cho.
34. Major: (dt) Chnh; nguy him, nghim trng.
35. Object: (n) i tng.
36. Pavement: Mt ng.
37. Parking lot: Bi xe
38. Prospector: (dt) ngi iu tra, ngi thm d, ngi tm kim.
Trong AutoCAD Civil 3D, th Prospector trn thanh Toolspace c th hiu l th
lu tr cc cc i tng c to ra khi tin hnh thit k.
Trn thanh Toolspace, th Settings gip ngi dng to v qun l thuc tnh cc
i tng.
39. Parameter: (dt) thng s, tham s, tham bin, gii hn.
40. Panorama: (dt) Ton cnh
41. Profile: mt ct dc
42. PVI: Point of vertical Intersection
In a profile, the point where two tangent lines meet.
Trong mt ct dc, im m ni 2 cnh tuyn gp nhau.
43. Quantity: (n) s nhiu: Quantities: Chi tit thit k thi cng
44. Railway: (n) ng st.
45. Range: Dy, hng; loi; tm, phm vi
Station Range: Phm vi Station, trong AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 c sd khi xut
trc dc, khng ch phm vi th hin trc dc t 2 u Alignment.
46. Rate: (n) t l; tc .
47. Recovery: Tm li c, khi phc c.
48. Reinstall: (ngt)Phc chc, cho lm li chc v.
49. Relationship: (n) Mi lin h, mi quan h; tnh thn thuc, tnh h hng
50. Renumber: m li; nh s li, ghi li.
51. Represent: (ngt) miu t, hnh dung
52. Reverse: nghch o, ngc chiu.
53. Rights-of-way (USA): cc di p ca ng.
54. Segment: (n) on, khc; phn, mng; phn t.
55. Set: (n) B; tp hp; dng dp, kiu dng; chiu hng, khuynh hng;
thit b.
56. Sidewalk: va h, ng i b.
57. Solution: gii quyt, gii php; p n; ho tan
58. Specified: (adj) theo danh ngha, l thuyt.
59. Specify: (ngt) ch r, nh r.
60. Spiral: (n) ng xon c.
61. Tag: th; buc, ni.
62. Tangent: (n) ng tip tuyn, (c th hiu l cnh tuyn)
63. Traveled way: (n) mt ng
64. Typically: (ph t) in hnh, tiu biu
65. Undivided: (adj) trn vn, hon ton
66. Utility run: on ng phc v cng cng
67. Visibility: (dt) S vic c th nhn thy c; tm nhn
68. Visualization: (n) s hnh dung, s mng tng.
69. Stratum
In geology and related fields, a stratum (plural: strata) is a layer of rock or soil with
internally consistent characteristics that distinguishes it from contiguous layers. Each layer is
generally one of a number of parallel layers that lie one upon another, laid down by natural
forces. They may extend over hundreds of thousands of square kilometers of the Earth's
surface. Strata are typically seen as bands of different colored or differently structured
material exposed in cliffs, road cuts, quarries, and river banks. Individual bands may vary in
thickness from a few millimeters to a kilometer or more. Each band represents a specific
mode of deposition -- river silt, beach sand, coal swamp, sand dune, lava bed, etc.
Geologists study rock strata and categorize them by the material in the beds. Each distinct
layer is usually assigned a "formation" name usually based on a town, river, mountain, or
region where the formation is exposed and available for study. For example, the Burgess
Shale is a thick exposure of dark, occasionally fossiliferous, shale exposed high in the
Canadian Rockies near Burgess Pass. Slight distinctions in material in a formation may be
described as "members" or sometimes "beds." Formations are collected into "groups." Groups
may be collected into "supergroups."
The stratum is the fundamental unit in a stratigraphic column and forms the basis of the
study of stratigraphy. In geology and related fields, a stratum (plural: strata) is a layer of
rock or soil with internally consistent characteristics that distinguishes it from contiguous
layers. Each layer is generally one of a number of parallel layers that lie one upon another,
laid down by natural forces. They may extend over hundreds of thousands of square
kilometers of the Earth's surface. Strata are typically seen as bands of different colored or
differently structured material exposed in cliffs, road cuts, quarries, and river banks.
Individual bands may vary in thickness from a few millimeters to a kilometer or more. Each
band represents a specific mode of deposition -- river silt, beach sand, coal swamp, sand
dune, lava bed, etc.
Geologists study rock strata and categorize them by the material in the beds. Each distinct
layer is usually assigned a "formation" name usually based on a town, river, mountain, or
region where the formation is exposed and available for study. For example, the Burgess
Shale is a thick exposure of dark, occasionally fossiliferous, shale exposed high in the
Canadian Rockies near Burgess Pass. Slight distinctions in material in a formation may be
described as "members" or sometimes "beds." Formations are collected into "groups." Groups
may be collected into "supergroups."
The stratum is the fundamental unit in a stratigraphic column and forms the basis of the
study of stratigraphy.
Interstate road cut through limestone and shale strata in eastern Tennessee
Rock strata at Depot Beach, New South Wales
70. Section: Mt ct.
Nhng vn cn tm hiu thm

1.

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Tai Lieu Huong Dan Su Dung Civil 3D

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HNG DN S DNG

AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009

CNG TY TNHH CNG NGH HI HA

TNG QUAN AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D..................................................8

AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D.............................................................................8

Nhp d liu t th Toolspace Survey.......................................................................56

Creating Survey Data Using the Traverse Editor......................................................59

HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

CHNG 5: SURFACE - B MT......................................................................97

To Alignment bng ng Polyline.......................................................................107

HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

THIT K K THUT TUYN......................................................................................... 112

Thit k m rng bng trong ng cong...............................................................123

CHNG 7: PROFILE TRC DC.................................................................126

CHNG 8: ASSEMBLIES & SUBASSEMBLY...................................................141

CHNG 9: CORRIDOR - M HNH MT BNG TUYN....................................148

Cc thng s kch thc ca Structure...................................................................162

To Surface v Alignment........................................................................................ 164

Thit k Pipe Network trn mt bng......................................................................165

HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

TO NG FEATURE LINE............................................................................................... 214

CHNG 14: PARCEL QUY HOCH CHIA L................................................216

CHNG 15: MAP IN AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D......................................................217

HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

V SURVEY MENU................................................................................................... 232

NHNG VN CN TM HIU THM...........................................................239

HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

CHNG 1. TNG QUAN AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

DevTV: Introduction to Civil 3D Programming NEW !

HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

Thit k nt giao thng

HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

GII THIU GIAO DIN LM VIC

Item view: Hin th danh sch vi ni dung ca cc i tng

3. Standardized menus: Bao gm cc menu cha cc nhm lnh

HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

MT S THAO TC C BN KHI LM VIC VI

nhn (label) v d nh tn ca mt mt ct hoc tn cc trong mt bng tuyn,

HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

D liu ca AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009.

Mt s nh dng file d liu dng trong Autocad Civil 3D.

HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

AutoCAD Civil 3D s dng 2 h o lng l h o lng Anh (feet) v h o

Trong th Settings trn thanh Toolspace, kch chut phi vo tn bn v v

Trong hp thoi Drawing Settings, thay i h n v s dng trong th

HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

To b mt (Surface), nhp d liu vo b mt, thay i mt s dng hin

Vch tuyn (Alignment)

Thit k trc dc (Profile)

Mt bng tuyn (Corridor)

Xut trc ngang (Section) v khi lng.