1

2
( 31101)
1
4

1 -
2 -
3 -
4 -
5

6
7
8
9

10

............
...........................................
..........................................
 2

2
( 31101)
1
4

()
1 1. 6 2
2. 18 2
2 1. 15 3
2. 27 3
3. 39 3
3 1.
2.
4 1.
2.
5 1. 1+0 = 1
2. 12 + 0 = 12
3. 205 + 0 = 205

=
..
. .. ..
 3

2
( 31101)
2
4

1. 1 = 1 = 12
1+3 = 4 = 22
1+3+5 = 9 = 32
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
2. 7x9 = 63
707 x 9 = 6363
70707 x 9 = 636363
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
3. 16 = 10 + 6 = 10 + 1(6)
22 = 10 + 6 + 6 = 10 + 2(6)
28 = 10 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 10 + 3(6)
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
1
4. 1 = (1)( 2)
2
1
3 = (2)(3)
2
1
6 = (3)( 4)
2
1
10 = (4)(5)
2
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
 4

5. 7 x 9 = 63
707 x 9 = 6363
70707 x 9 = 636363
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
6. 1 + 3 = 4
1 + 3 + 6 = 10
1 + 3 + 6 + 10 = 20
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
7. 1 02 1

2 12 1
5 22 1
10 3 2 1
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
8. 12 = 11 + 1
123 = 111 + 11 + 1
1234 = 1111 + 111 + 11 + 1
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................

=
..
. .. ..
 5

2
( 31101)
2
4

1.
11 x 19 = 209
12 x 18 = 216
13 x 17 = 221
14 x 16 = 224
15 x 15 = 225

11 x 19 = (10 + 1)(20 - 1) = 209 = 200 + (10 - 1) x 1
12 x 18 = (10 + 2)(20 - 2) = 216 = 200 + (10 - 2) x 2
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
2.
21 x 29 = 609
22 x 28 = 616
23 x 27 = 621
.....................................................
.....................................................

21 x 29 = (20 + 1)(30 - 1) = 609 = 600 + (10 - 1) x 1
22 x 28 = (20 + 2)(30 - 2) = 616 = 600 + (10 - 2) x 2
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
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 6

2
( 31101)
3
4

1
2
3
4
5

6 1.
2.

7 1.
2.

8
9

10

............
.............................................
.............................................
 7

2
( 31101)
3
4

()
1 1. 2
2. 20 2
2 1.
2.
3 1.
2.
4 1.
2.
5 1.
2.
6 1.
2.

=
..
. .. ..
 8

2
( 31101)
4
4






1 1. 4 2. -

2 1. -
2.

3 1. 5 -
2. a
a 5
4 1.

2.

5 1.
2.

6 1. 2
2. 22 2
22
7 1.
2.

 9

8 1.
2.

9 1.
2.

10 1.
2.

 10

2
( 31101)
4
4

1 1.
2.

2 1.

2.

3 1.
2.

4 1.
2.

5 1.
2.

6 1. PQR
2. P 70
R 20
7 1. 4
2. 4

 11

8 1. 3
2. 90
30
9 1.
2.

10 1.
2.

=
..
. .. ..
 12

2
( 31101)
1
4

1 1.
2.
1 - 1

2 - 2

1 2

 13

2
( 31101)
2
4

2 1.
2.

A
B
1 - 1

A
B

2 - 2

A A
B B

() ()

()

 14

2
( 31101)
5
4

1. 1

2. -
2.1 1.
2.

2.2 1. 2
2. 9 2
9