PROBLEM 10.

29
KNOWN: Horizontal, stainless steel bar submerged in water at 25C.
FIND: Heat rate per unit length of the bar.
SCHEMATIC:

ASSUMPTIONS: (1) Steady-state conditions, (2) Film pool boiling, (3) Water at 1 atm.
PROPERTIES: Table A-6, Water, liquid (1 atm, Tsat = 100C): l = 957.9 kg/m3, hfg = 2257
3
kJ/kg; Table A-6, Water, vapor, (Tf = (Ts + Tsat )/2 450K): v = 4.81 kg/m , cp,v = 2560 J/kgK, v
-6
2
= 14.85 10 Ns/m , kv = 0.0331 W/mK.
ANALYSIS: The heat rate per unit length is

qs = q s / l = q D = h D ( Ts Tsat ) = h D Te

where Te = (250-100)C = 150C. Note from the boiling curve of Figure 10.4, that film boiling will
occur. From Eq. 10.10,
3
4 / 3 + h h1/3
h 4 / 3 = hconv
or
h = hconv + h rad
if hconv > h rad .
rad

To estimate the convection coefficient, use Eq. 10.9,

1/4

g ( ) h D3
h conv D
l
v fg
Nu D =
= C
kv

v k v Te

where C = 0.62 for the horizontal cylinder and h fg = h fg + 0.8cp,v ( Ts Tsat ) . Find
1/4

h conv =

0.0331W/m K
0.050m

9.8m/s 2 ( 957.9 4.81 ) k g / m 3 2257 10 3 + 0.8 2560J/kg K 150 K ( 0.050m)3

0.62
6
2

14.85 10 /4.81 m / s 0.0331 W / m K 150K

hconv = 273 W / m 2 K.
To estimate the radiation coefficient, use Eq. 10.11,
4
Ts4 Tsat
0.50 5.67 10 8 W / m 2 K 4 5234 3734 K 4
hrad =
=
= 1 1 W / m 2 K.
Ts Tsat
150K
Since hconv > hrad, the simpler form of Eq. 10.10 is appropriate. Find,
h = 273 + 3 / 4 11 W / m2 K = 2 8 1 W / m2 K.

Using the rate equation, find

qs = 281W/m 2 K ( 0.050m ) 150K = 6.62kW/m.
COMMENTS: The effect of the water being subcooled (T = 25C < Tsat ) is considered to be
negligible.

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