Unicellular or Multicellular organisms

Have only ONE cell

Bacteria, yeast,
Amoeba sp.,
Euglena and
Paramecium

Made up of MANY
cells
Human beings,
mammals, reptiles,
birds, fish,
amphibians, insects
and plants

A Cell Has 3 Basic Structure Feature

Nucleus
Plasma
Membrane

Cytoplasm

Plasma Membrane

Plasma
Membrane

Charecteristic:
Consists of a jelly-like matrix
Contains all the components of the cells

Function:
The site which activities and chemical
reactions take place.
Provides a medium to produce energy,
manufacture and store materials.

Nucleus

Nucleus

Charecteristic:
An organelle surrounded by nuclear
membrane
Contains nucleolus, chromatin and
nucleoplasm

Function:
Controls the activities of the cell.
Contains the genetic materials.

Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm

Charecteristic:
Thin layer
Partially permeable
Flexible

Function:
Controls the chemicals that enter or
leave the cell.
Separates the content of the cell from
its
external environment.

Organelles - Mitochondrion

Mitochodrions

Function:
The site where aerobic respiration
takes place.

Characteristic:
A cylindrical-shaped organelle which
surrounded by a double membrane
Contains a matrix with ribosomes, a
circular DNA molecule and phosphate
granules

Organelles - Ribosomes
Ribosomes

Characteristic:
Non-membrane-bound particles
Made up of ribosomal RNA and
proteins

Function:
The site where protein synthesis takes
place.

Organelles Rough Endoplasmic

Reticulum

Rough
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Characteristic:
A network of flattened, membranebounded sacs that continuous with
the nuclear membrane

Function:
Rough ER transports proteins made by
the ribosomes through the network.

Organelles Smooth Endoplasmic

Reticulum

Smooth
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Function:
Smooth ER is the site for synthesis of
lipids and detoxification of drugs.

Characteristic:
A network of flattened, membranebounded sacs that continuous with
the nuclear membrane

Organelles Golgi Apparatus

Golgi
Apparatus

Characteristic:
A stack of flattened membranebounded sacs being formed
continuously at one end of the stack
and budded of as vesicles at the
other.

Function:
Modifies and packs the proteins which
transported by rough ER.
The site where enzyme and lysosome
productions take place.

Organelles Lysosomes
Lysosomes

Characteristic:
Spherical organelles which contain
digestive enzymes
Function:
Break down foods, unwanted
organelles and foreign materials.

Organelles Cell Wall

Characteristics:
A thick and tough Cellulose
Function:
Protects and supports the cell.
Gives the cell a regular shape.

Organelles Vacuole

Characteristics:
A large sac which filled with cell
sap
Function:
Supports the cell when it is turgid
As a storage place in a cell

Organelles Chloroplast
Characteristics:
Sacs which contain chlorophyll
Function:
Chlorophyll absorbs sunlight for
photosynthesis to take place.