PVC (vinyl) membrane roofing

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) membrane roofing is also known as vinyl roofing. Thermoplastic
PVC roofing is extremely strong, as its heat-welded seams form a permanent, watertight bond
that is stronger than the membrane itself. PVC resin is modified with plasticizers and UV
stabilizers, and reinforced with fiberglass non-woven mats or polyester woven scrims, for use
as a flexible roofing membrane. PVC is, however, subject to plasticizer migration. (a process
by which the plasticizers migrate out of the sheet causing it to become brittle.) Thus a thicker
membrane has a larger reservoir of plasticizer to maintain flexibility over its lifespan. PVC is
often blended with other polymers to add to the performance capabilities of the original PVC
formulation. Vinyl roofs provide an energy-efficient roofing option due to their inherently
light coloring. While the surface of a black roof can experience a temperature increase of as
much as 90 degrees under the heat of the full sun, a white reflective roof typically increases
only 10-25 degrees Fahrenheit. Vinyl membranes can also be used in waterproofing
applications for roofing. This is a common technique used in association with green, or
planted, roofs. Vinyl roofs are inherently fire resistant due to their chemical composition and
have a broader range of fire ratings over common substrates.

A tile is a manufactured piece of hard-wearing material such as ceramic, stone, metal, or even
glass. Tiles are generally used for covering roofs, floors, walls, showers, or other objects such
as tabletops. Alternatively, tile can sometimes refer to similar units made from lightweight
materials such as perlite, wood, and mineral wool, typically used for wall and ceiling
applications. Roof tiles are designed mainly to keep out rain, and are traditionally made from
locally available materials such as clay or slate. Modern materials such as concrete and
plastic are also used and some clay tiles have a waterproof glaze.
Roof tiles are 'hung' from the framework of a roof by fixing them with nails. The tiles are
usually hung in parallel rows, with each row overlapping the row below it to exclude
rainwater and to cover the nails that hold the row below. There are also roof tiles for special
positions, particularly where the planes of the several pitches meet. They include ridge, hip
and valley tiles.These can either be bedded and pointed in cement mortar or mechanically
fixed.
Roof tiles are 'hung' from the framework of a roof by fixing them with nails. The tiles are
usually hung in parallel rows, with each row overlapping the row below it to exclude
rainwater and to cover the nails that hold the row below. There are also roof tiles for special
positions, particularly where the planes of the several pitches meet. They include ridge, hip
and valley tiles.These can either be bedded and pointed in cement mortar or mechanically
fixed.
Similarly to roof tiling, tiling has been used to provide a protective weather envelope to the
sides of timber frame buildings. These are hung on laths nailed to wall timbers, with tiles

specially moulded to cover corners and jambs. Often these tiles are shaped at the exposed end
to give a decorative effect. Another form of this is the so-called mathematical tile, which was
hung on laths, nailed and then grouted. This form of tiling gives an imitation of brickwork
and was developed to give the appearance of brick, but avoided the Brick Taxes of the 18th
century