Annexes

ANNEX A: Determination of Mass of Ice using Experimentally-determined C p

and Density of Coffee
Given and Assumptions:

Ta = 29oC

Th

Tc

Th = 74oC (Temperature of coffee)

Teq = 45oC (Desired temperature to be obtained)
Tc = 0oC (Temperature of ice)
Vcoffee= 360 mL
coffee = 1.03 g/mL
Assumptions:
Neglect heat exchange with stirrer and cup. Heat exchanges are only observed
between coffee and ice
Neglect change in volume of ice in coffee after phase change of ice
No energy accumulated in the system
Notes:
Ambient temperature was considered in the system however was not taken into
account in the solution. Ambient temperature was considered during the
determination of the coffees Cp.
Required:
Mice = ? (Amount of ice to be added in g to reach Teq)
Solution:
Establishing Mass Balance of the System

dm
dt

=0

assume constant mass of coffee and negligible volume of ice

Establishing Energy Balance of the System

0

dE
W

= m E m E + Q+
dt out out

no mass flows in and out of the system

assume negligible work done by stirrer

Assume negligible PE & KE in system

dU
=Q
dt
U=Q

Qcoffee=Q ice

By definition of the First Law of

Thermodynamics (Equation [1])

Qcoffee=m coffee c pcoffee d T coffee

c pcoffee ( determined )= 6.33

J
gK

= (360 mL coffee)(

Qcoffee

1.03 g coffee
1mL coffee ) (6.33

J
gK

)(74-45)

heat load released by coffee

= 68067.76 J

Qice= f ice mice +mice c pice d T ice

f ice = 6.01 kJ/mol
Since Qcoffee =Qice

68067.76 J = (

Qice=68067.76 J

J
1 mol
(m
( 6.01molkJ )( 1000
)
(
1 kJ
18.02 g H O )

ice

( 4.18 J )

) + ( mice ) g K ( 450)

mice =130.49 g ice

Table 1 - Raw and Processed Data from Experiment (Trial 1 & 2)