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An Overview of Carding Cylinder

An Overview of Carding Cylinder
Bhavdip Paldiya
Dept. of Textile Technology
Sarvajanik College of Engineering & Technology, Surat, India
Cell: +91 9662020909
Email: bhavdipk9009@gmail.com
What is Cylinder:
The carding cylinder is usually manufactured from cast iron, but is now sometimes made of steel. Most cylinders
have a diameter of 1280-1300 mm and rotate at speeds between 250 and 500 rpm.
Specification of Cylinder:
1. DIAMETER : 50(120 mm)
2. SPEED : 250-500 rpm
3. WIRE POINT PER INCH: 550-650
4. SURFACE SPEED: 1000ft/min.
5. TOTAL WIRE POINT: 30lac
6. WIRE POINT DIRECTION: Anti clock
Objectives of Cylinder:
1. Back plate:
To hold the fibre.
To prevent the development of undesirable air current.
2. Top feather edge sheet: It controls the wt. & thickness of the flat strips.
3. Cylinder stripping door: This door is used to strip the wire point of cylinder.
4. Bottom sheet:
To hold the fibre.
To prevent the development of undesirable air current.
5. Cylinder undercasing:
Remove dust.
To maintain constant airflow.
Types of Cylinder:
There are two types of cylinder.
1. Single cylinder
2. Double cylinder
1. Single cylinder carding machine:

Single cylinder carding machine

Specifications
Cylinder Dia. 700mm
Output: 100-250kgs/h
Power: 18.5kw
Application
This machine can open various baled fiber,and send to next procedure via fan.
It opens fiber with pin plate,high production and good quality
A brief feature of single cylinder:
Single Cylinder Carding Machine, up to 1.5 meters in diameter and up to 2.5 meters in width are produced
as normal standard.
Cover all types of fiber from very fine to very coarse fiber deniers; fiber lengths up to 120 mm can be
processed. Both synthetic and natural fibers of all types can be processed.
Cylinders up to 1.5 meters in diameter and up to 2.5 meters in width are produced as normal standard.
Carding machines outside this size range can be discussed dependent on ard main cylinders are balanced
to a surface speed of 1500 meters / per min.
All types of carding machines both single and double doffers can be fitted with randomizer rollers or not
dependent on customers needs.
Card wires can be supplied as surface wound or interlocking as required.
Card capacity is depending upon card type, fiber denier, types of fiber but can be excess of 800 kgs / per
hour.

Other details and variables dependent on customers needs can be discussed with our technical staff.
clients individual requirements.
2. Double cylinder carding machine:

Double cylinder carding machine

SPECIFICATION :
Middle cylinder diameter: 850mm,635mm
Big cylinder diameter:1230mm,1020mm
Power:35KW
Application:
Double doffer used for carding and mixing opened chemical fiber and blending material.
New type of double carding m/c
Specifications
Product Name - double cylinder carding machine
Working width: 1800mm 2000mm 2200mm 2500mm
Capacity: 150kg/h 200kg/h 300kg/h
Dia. of cylinder: 1230mm
Speed: 20 - 50m/min
Application:
Various kinds of fiber such as polyester,viscose,nylon,PP,fiberglas,etc
Cylinder Speed:
1. Higher cylinder speed helps fibre transfer. Higher the production, higher should be the cylinder speed.
2. Higher cylinder speed improves carding action, thereby imperfections are reduced
Cylinder Wire Selection:
Cylinder wire selection is very important, it depends upon cylinder speed, the raw material to be processed and
the production rate.

The following characteristics of cylinder wire should be considered.

1. Wire angle
2. Tooth depth
3. Wire population
4. Rib thickness
5. Tooth profile
6. Tooth pitch
7. Tooth point
8. Overall wire height
Cylinder Wire Maintenance:
For a modern cylinder wire of 2mm height, grinding with the normal grinding stone is not recommended. It
is better to use TSG grinder to grind the wire every 2nd or 3rd month, so that the sharpness of the wire is
always maintained.
TSG grinder does not grind the wire, therefore if the wire is worn out very badly the quality improvement
using this grinding machine will be nil. Frequent grindings are recommended. If TSG grinder is not
available, it is better not to grind 2mm wires.
The number of traverse should increase depending upon the life of the wire. The number of traverse for
successive grindings should be like this 3, 5, 10, 17 etc. Anyway the best method is to confirm with the
microscope. If the grinding is not sufficient, the number of traverse should be increased.
Cylinder Construction in Modern carding
The cylinders of modern carding machines are almost solely welded constructions (Fig. ). They consist of the
shell reeled of metal sheet welded along its edges, bottoms with hubs stiffened with ribs, the shaft and the
reinforcement rings. Such constructions are used by leading carding machine manufacturers, and particular
solutions are different as to the side hubs construction and reinforcement rings Loads acting on the main
cylinder of carding machine
The loads acting on the cylinder
result from:
The influence of fiFIBER on the
teeth of card wire during the
carding process; the forces are
small and are omitted when
calculating deflection of the
cylinder shell,
The construction deadweight
and the centrifugal force; their
influence on the cylinder
deflection may also be
neglected due to small
rotational speed of the cylinder
(circa 100200rpm),

Cylinder Construction

Reeling at tension of the

metallic card wire.
Reeling at tension S and the reeling pitch t of the card wire on the cylinder with the radius R (Fig. 3) exerts
pressure on the cylinder shell directed radially inward with the value of

Radial pressure = pr
Force =F
Surface force =px
Setting between cylinder and
doffer
If the setting between cylinder and
doffer is very close, the wires will
get polished and this will affect the
fibre transfer. If the setting is too
wide, the fiFIBER will not be
transferred to doffer from the
cylinder, hence cylinder will get
loaded. While processing synthetic
fiber cylinder loading will badly
affect the yarn quality. Moreover, it
is difficult to improve the wire
condition if the loading is severe.
The only solution would be to
change the wire. Therefore enough
care should be taken while
processing synthetic fiber. The
setting between cylinder and flat
The most critical setting in a
Tension forces acting on the metallic card wire coils
carding machine is between
cylinder and flat tops. While processing cotton, it can
be as close as 0.175 mm provided the mechanical
accuracy of flat tops is good.
Closer the setting between cylinder and flats, better
the yarn quality. Neps are directly affected by this
setting. Of course, very close setting increase the flat
waste. For processing cotton the setting can be 0.25,
0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2mm. For synthetic fiber it can be 0.3,
0.25, 0.25, 0.25, 0.25mm.
The setting between cylinder and flats can be as
close as possible.
Heal and Toe Arrangement
The top half of the cylinder is surrounded by a series of
flats. The flats are also covered with wire teeth, the points
Setting between cylinder and doffer
of which oppose & are set close to the wire on the
cylinder. The setting between flats & cylinder is arranged that there is a wide3r setting at the back or trailing edge
on which cotton first reaches for being carded & closer setting at the leading edge where the cotton leaves the flat.
This arrangement is generally termed as Heal & Toe arrangement.

The setting between cylinder and flat

Heal & Toe arrangement

Importance: The object of this type arrangement is to effect a gradual opening & carding of the fibers at each flat.