:

GLEN O. GABBARD1
,

.
-
.
,
Klein,
.


.
,
,
Sandler
,
.

.
,
.
,
.
, Wallerstein (1990)

, .

1

Gabbard, G. (1995). Countertransference: The emerging common ground. International Journal of

Psychoanalysis, 76(3), 475-485.
:
:

 ,
.


. , Abend (1989)

.

(Richards & Richards,
).


. O Hoffman

,
(1994, . 188).
.

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50 .
Melanie Klein,
. 1946

(Notes on some schizoid mechanisms),
.
2


- . ,

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Klein
(Segal, 1964. Spillius, 1992).

(Ogden, 1979, 1982, 1994. Scharff, 1992)
Klein,

. Klein
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1955 (On
identification). Ogden (1994) If I Were You Julian
Green, Klein,
.
, Spillius (1990)

. Klein ,
,
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Spillius (1992) Klein
,
,
Heinmann (1950). ,
,
.

Segal (1964)
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(Scharff, 1992).

50 ,
Bion (1955), Rosenfeld (1952), Moneyyrle (1956). O Bion (1957, 1958,
1959, 1962a, b, 1970) ,

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Bion
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,

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Bion, o Ogden (1979, 1982)
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. Joseph (1989)
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Klein
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, (Gabbard, 1994a, b, c).
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. Symington (1990)


.
Racker (1968)
(concordant) (complementary).

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,
Racker
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Grinberg (1979)
.
, Racker,

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, .
Grinberg (1979)
. ,

,
(Gabbard, 1994c.
Scharff, 1992). ,
(valency) (Bion, 1959) . O Ogden
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(1983, . 236).
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(Kernberg, 1987. Porder, 1987. Sandler, 1987),
6

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Kernberg (1987)
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Sandler (1987, 1993)

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(Sandler, 1987).
Sandler (1976)
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Sandler :
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7

,

, (1976, . 46).
Sandler
,
. Spillius (1992)
Sandler
Joseph
(1989),
. Sandler
(1993)
Racker (1968) .
,
. Sandler



(1993, . 1105). , ,

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,
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(Panel, 1992). O Jacobs
(1986)
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. McLaughlin
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(1991, . 595).
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(. 595).
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(. 629). Boesky (Panel, 1992)


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1992)

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. McLaughlin (1991. Panel, 1992)

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Chused McLaughlin
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Spillius (1992) Joseph (1989)

. Chused


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(Abend, 1989). Jacobs,

(1993a, . 7).
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Roughton
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(1993, . 459).
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Sandler (1976)
Ogden (1979).

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10

 :

Klein ( )


(Gabbard, 1994
a, b, c). ,


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.
(Chused,
1991). O Eagle (1993)
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Weiss Sampson (1986)
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Chused (1991)
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Renik (1993)
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Boesky (1990) ,
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11

 . , , o
Hoffman (1983, 1992, 1994),

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(Gill, 1991. Hoffman, 1992). ,
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(Hoffman, 1991),
Coen (1992),
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, Mitchell (1988, 1993), o Aron
(1991), o Hirsch (1993, 1994) Tansey (1994),

. Mitchell, ,
Sandler, Gill,
Racker Levinson, :
, ,
.
.

. ,

(1988, . 292).
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12




. Bollas,
,
Winnicott,
. ,
:
.

(1987, . 202).
Ogden (1994)
.
,
. ,
Ogden,
. Winnicott (1960)
, Ogden
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(1994, . 63).
, , Ogden,
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. Ogden
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13

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(Richards &
Richards, ).
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(Abend, 1989. Chused, 1991. Coen, 1992.
Jacobs, 1993a. McLaughlin, 1991. Porder, 1987. Renik, 1993. Roughton, 1993.
Sandler, 1976)

,
(Joseph, 1989. Ogden, 1994. Scharf, 1992. Spillius, 1992)
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14

 .
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(Gabbard, 1994a, b, c. McLaughlin, 1991. Roughton, 1993. Spillius, 1992).
Kernberg, Ogden
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(1992, . 172).
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15

 , Ogden (1994)
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Jacobs (1986) McLaughlin (1991),

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, , . Carpy (1989)


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(Abend, 1989. Chused, 1992. McLaughlin, 1991. Renik,
1993)
. , (Cooper, 1992. Jacobs, 1993b,
Ogden, 1989. Pulver, 1992) .

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16


-
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.
. Schafer:


(1992, . 230).

17