........ ................. .. ...........

1.1

:
1.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
2. .................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................. ....................................................................................................................................
3. ............................/
4.
............................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
5.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................. .......................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
6.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................. ...................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

59
 ........ ................. .. ...........

1.2

:
1.
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................
2. ............................/
3.
....................................................................................................... ..............................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
4. .........................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................
5.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
6.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

60
 ........ ................. .. ...........

1.3

:
1. ................................................................................................................................................................
2.
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
3. ............................/
4. .......................................................................................

5.
........................................................................................................................ .............................................................................................
6.
................................................................................................................................................................................. ....................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
7.
......................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

61
 ........ ................. .. ...........

1.4

1
: -
. A . D . E . K . B2
. C . B1 . B12 . B6

............................1.
............................2.
...........................3.
...........................4.
...........................5.
...........................6.
...........................7. ()

2
: -

. (Ca) . (P) . (Fe) . (S)

. (Mg) . (Na) . (I) . (K)
. (Cu) . (Mn) . (Cl)

.....................1.
.....................2.
.....................3.
.....................4.
.....................5.
.....................6.
.....................7.

62
 ........ ................. .. ...........

2.1

: -
.1. (Respiratory system) .
.2. (Circulatory system) .
.3. (Endocrine System) .
.4. (Nervous system) .
.5. (Digestive system) .
.6. (Excretory System) .
.7. (Integumentary system) .
.8. (Skeletal system) .
.9. (Muscular system) .

.10. (Reproductive System) .

63
 ........ ................. .. ...........

2.2

1.

2.
1.

3.

4.
5.

6.
7.

8.
9.

10.

11.
12.

64
2. .............. ............................................................................................
3.

4.

.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................. ........................................................................................................................

65
5.

.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

6.

.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................. ........................................................................................................................

7.

.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

8.
....................................................................................................................................................................... ..............................................

9.

66
10. (KFC) (PEPSI)

..................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................

67
 ........ ................. .. ...........

2.3

:
1

__________________________________
90 %

_ ____________ _ ______ 55 %
_______________________

45 %

(platelet)

_________________

4
_ __________________________
_________________

110-120
_________
________________ _____

_________________________________

68
 2

1 10

2 11

3 12

4 13

5 14

15
6

7
8 9

1. ............................................................................. ...............................................
2 2. .................................................................
3...........................................................
4. .................................................................... 5. ...............................................................
6. ..........................................................................................
7. .................................................. 2
.......................................... 8. ...............................................................
9. .............................................. 10. ..............................................

69
11. ...................................................... 12. ..............................................................
13. .......................................................................

1.
......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................... ......

2.

1) ................................................................................. ..........

2) .........................................................................................

3.
................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................

4.
.................................................................................................................................................................... ...............................................
................................................................................................................... ...................

5.
110/70
........................................................................................................................................................................ ..........................................
6. ........................................................
..................................................................... .........................................................................................................

7.
....................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................

8.
......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................

70
9.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................

10. ................................................................... .....

11.

................................................................ .......................................................
..........................................

.........................................................
...................................... . ...........................................................

11.

71


72
 ........ ................. .. ...........

2.4

11sdfsd1///
1

22 [p
Pk
2l
3
[p
Pk4

[p
22l
Pk5

Pk
[p
22l
6

[p
Pk

[p
22l
7

Pk

[p
8.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................................................

73
9.

.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

10.

11.

.................................................................................................................................. ...................................................................................

74
12.

.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

13.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

14. 2
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

15.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

16.
1 = 2 = 3 = 4 =

5 = 6 = 7 =

.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

17.

1)
.................................................................................................................................................................
2) 3
..............................................................................................................................................................

75
18.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................. .......................................................
.....................................................................................................................................

76
 ........ ................. .. ...........

2.5

:
1.

2.
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................

3.
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

4.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

77
 5.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

7.
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

8.
..................................................................................................................................................................................................................

9. ....................................................................
................................................................................................................. ..................................................

10.

1. 2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

78
11. 4
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
12.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
13.
.................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................................................................
14.

.................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................................................................

15.

1.
(Renal artery)

2.
( )

3.

6. 5.

79
16.

()

Nephridium

Kidney

80
 ........ ................. .. ...........

2.6

1. 4.

2. 5.

6.

3. 7.

8.

1. 4.

5.
2.
6.
3.

81
 3 6

1
2
3

1. 2 ............................................................................................................................................

2. (prostate gland) ................ .............................................................

...................................................................................................................................................................................................................

3. 4 ........................................................................ ..........................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................

4. ...................................................................................
...................... .......................................................................................................................................................

5. (Cowpers gland Bulbourethral gland) ...........................

...............................................................................................................................................................................................

6. ................................ .............................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................

7. ..................................... ............................................

8. ...............................................................................................................

82
9. ................... ...................

1. ..................................................................................................................... .........

2.
.......................................................... ........................................................................................

3. ................................................................................ .................................................................. ...............

4. 11

.........................................................................................................................

5. ............................................................................................................................................... .............

83
6. ............................................................................................. .........
................................................................................................................................. ..........

7.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................

8. ...................................................................................................................

9. .....................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

10. (Oxytonin) ........................................................................ ...........

.........................................................................................

11.

(sperm) (egg)

1.

2.

3. 1

12. .......................................
........................................................................................................................... .........................................................

13.
................................................................................................................. ....................................................................................................

14. 1
2551 ............................................................................................ .

15. ................................................................................. .................................................

84
...................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................

16.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

85
 ........ ................. .. ...........

2.7

1.

3.

4. 2.

5.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
6. .................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................

7 9

. .

. .

7. ...................................

8. ............................................................

9. ...............................................

86
10. ........ ......................................................................................................................

11. ......................................................................................................................................................

12.

1
2
3

5
4

.
............................................. ...........................................

13.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

14. Synapse
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

15. ...................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................

16. ..........................................................................................................................................................................

17. .........................................................................................................................
............................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

18. ...........................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

87
 ........ ................. .. ...........

3.1

1.

2.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
3.

______________ __________________________________________

______________ __________________________________________

______________ __________________________________________

______________ __________________________________________

88
4.

5.

6.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
7.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
8.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

89
9.
........................................................................ .............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

10.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

11.
.......................................................................................................... ...........................................................................................................

12. .......... .........................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

13.

14.
.............................................................................................. .......................................................................................................................

15.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

90
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

16. ..........

.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

17.
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

18. .................................................................................................................................................

19. ...... .........................................................................................................

20.

91