2

(System of Linear Equation of two Variables)

(Linear Equation of two Variables)

2 1 ax + by
+ c = 0 a. b c a, b 0
(System of Linear Equation of two Variables)
2
ax + by = e
cx + dy = f
a, b, c, d, e f a, b 0 c, d 0

1. (Linear Equation of two Variables)

2. (Graph of Linear Equation of two variable)
3. (System of Linear Equation of two Variables)
4.
5.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

 (Linear Equation of two Variables)

(Linear Equation of two Variables)

2 1 ax + by
+ c = 0 a. b c a, b 0
2x + y = 0
x + 2y = -1
x + 2y2 = 1 y
1
(xy + y) = 1

x y x y

(x, y)
(1, -2) 2x + y = 0
(1, 0) x + 2y - 1 = 0

2x + y = 0 y = -2x
(x, y) = (x, -2x)
(0, 0), (1, -2), (2, -4), 2x + y = 0
1-x
x + 2y - 1 = 0 y =
2
1-x
(x, y) = (x, )
2
1 1
(0, ), (1, 0), (2, - ), x + 2y - 1 = 0
2 2
(Graph of Linear Equation of two variable)

(Graph of Linear Equation of two variable)

(x, y)

1 2x + y = 0
2x + y = 0 y = -2x
 (x, y) = (x, -2x)
x y

x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
y 6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6

2x + y = 0
y

6
5
4
3
2
1
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 x
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6

2 x + 2y - 1 = 0
1-x
x + 2y - 1 = 0 y =
2
1-x
(x, y) = (x, )
2
x y
x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
y 2 11 1 1 0 -
1 -1
2 2 2

2x + y = 0
 y

2
1
1
2
1
1
2
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 x
-1
2

-1

(System of Linear Equation of two Variables)

(System of Linear Equation of two Variables)

2
ax + by = e
cx + dy = f
a, b, c, d, e f a, b 0 c, d 0
(x, y)
x - y = 2
x+y =4
(3, 1)
x = 3 , y = 1

(3, 1)
 y

6
5
4 x+y=4
3
2 (3, 1)
1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x
-1 xy=2
-2

x - y = 2
x+y =4
(3, 1)



x + 2y = 7
3x + 6y = 21

 y

7
6
5
4
3
2
1 x
-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
-1
-2

x, y
(-2, 4.5), (-1, 4), (0, 3.5), (1, 3), (2, 2.5),

4x - 12y = 16
2x - 6y = 12

 y

6
5
4
3
2
1 4x - 12y = 16
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x
-1 2x 6y = 12
-2
-3
-4
-5

1
4x + 2y = 2
3x - y = 1

 y

6
5
4
4x + 2y = 2 3 3x - y = 1
2
1 2 1
( , )
5 5
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 x
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6

2 1
4x + 2y = 2 3x - y = 1 ( , )
5 5
2 1
( , )
5 5

2


a, b, c d
(Additive Property) : a = b c = d a + c = b + d
(Multiplicative Property) : a = b c a = c b




1 3x - 2y = 11 ---------------------------(1)
2x + y = 12 ---------------------------(2)

(1), (2) 3x - 2y = 11 -----------(1)
2x + y = 12 -----------(2)
y (1), (2) 2 (2), 4x + 2y = 24 -----------(3)
x 2
(2)
y 2 (1)
(3)
(1) (3) (1) + (3), (3x - 2y) + (4x + 2y) = 11 + 24
(1) (3) 3x - 2y + 4x + 2y = 35
y y 7x = 35
1 1
(7x) = (35)
(1) (3) 7 7
x=5

x x = 5 (1)
y x 3(5) - 2y = 11
15 - 2y = 11
15 - 2y + 2y + (-11) = 11 + 2y + (-11)
4 = 2y
1 1
(4) = (2y)
2 2
2 = y

x = 5 y = 2 (1), (2)
(1) (2)
3x - 2y = 11 2x + y = 12
3(5) - 2(2) = 11 2(5) + (2) = 12
15 - 4 = 11 10 + 2 = 12
11 = 11 12 = 12

(5, 2)

2 3x - 4y = 10 ---------------------------(1)
2x - 3y = 7 ---------------------------(2)

(1), (2) x 3x - 4y = 10 -----------(1)
(1) x 2x - 3y = 7 -----------(2)
3 (2) x 2 2 (1), 6x - 8y = 20 -----------(3)
x 3 (3), 6x - 9y = 21 -----------(4)
6 ( ... 2 3) 2
(1) (3)
3 (2)
(4)

(3), (4) (3) - (4), (6x - 8y) - (6x - 9y) = 20 - 21
(3) (4) 6x - 8y - 6x + 9y = -1
x x y = -1
(3) (4)
y y = -1 (1)
x y = -1 3x - 4(-1) = 10
3x + 4 = 10
3x + 4 + (-4) = 10 + (-4)
3x = 6
1 1
(3x) = (6)
3 3
x=2

x = 2 y = -1 (1), (2)

(1) (2)
3x - 4y = 10 2x - 3y = 7
3(2) - 4(-1) = 10 2(2) - 3(-1) = 7
6 + 4 = 10 4 +3 = 7
10 = 10 7 = 7

(2, -1)

3


()

 1 5y - 2x = -11 -------------------(1)
2x - y = 7 -------------------(2)

(1) (2) x (2) 2x - y = 7
y y 2x - y + y + (-7) = 7 + y + (-7)
x 2x - 7 = y
(2)
y x
y
x (2)
y x y y = 2x - 7 (1)
(1) 5(2x - 7) - 2x = -11
(1) 10x - 35 - 2x = -11
8x - 35 = -11
8x - 35 + 35 = -11 + 35
8x = 24
1 1
(8x) = (24)
8 8
x = 3
x x = 3 (2)
y x 2(3) - y = 7
6-y =7
(2) 6 - y + y + (-7) = 7 + y + (-7)
-1 = y

x = 3 , y = -1 (1), (2)
 (1) (2)
5y - 2x = -11 2x - y = 7
5(-1) - 2(3) = -11 2(3) - (-1) = 7
-5 - 6 = -11 6+1= 7
- 11 = -11 7 = 7

(3, -1)

2 2x - 5y = -1 -------------------(1)
3x + 2y = 8 -------------------(2)

(1) (2) x (2) 3x + 2y = 8
y y 3x + 2y + (-2y) = 8 + (-2y)
x 3x = 8 - 2y
(2) 1 1
(3x) = (8 - 2y)
x y 3 3
8 - 2y
x =
3

x y x 8 - 2y
x = (1)
(1) 3
8 - 2y
(1) 2( ) - 5y = -1
3
16 - 4y
- 5y = -1
3
16 - 4y
3( - 5y ) = 3( -1)
3
16 - 4y -15y = -3
16 - 19y = -3
16 - 19y + 19y + 3 = -3 + 19y + 3
19 = 19y
1 1
(19) = (19y)
19 19
1 = y
y y = 1 (1)
x y 2x - 5(1) = -1
2x - 5 = -1
(1) 2x - 5 + 5 = -1 + 5
2x = 4
1 1
(2x) = (4)
2 2
x = 2

x = 2 , y = 1 (1), (2)

(1) (2)
2(2) - 5(1) = -1 3(2) + 2(1) = 8
4 - 5 = -1 6+2 =8
-1 = -1 8 = 8

(2, 1)
 2.1 (20 )

1. a - 3b = 6
2a + 5b = 1
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2. 5x + y = 8
3x - 4y = 14
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3. 3m - 6n = 8
-m + 2n = 3
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4. 6a + 2b = 1
12a + 4b = 2
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5. 4x + 3y = 2.9
30y = 17 - 8x
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6. 3(m + n) = 4(m - n) + 3
2(m - n) = 2n + 1
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7. 2.8a - 2.7b = 19.9
6 + 5b = 2.1a
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x y
8. + = 4
5 3
x y 1
+ = -
10 9 2
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-2x
9. -y =5
3
2x
-y =2
3
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3x 5y
10. + = -6
2 4
2x y
+ = -4
3 2
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2 2

1 1 16
1 10
652 49

1
1.1
1 16
1 10
652 49
1.2
1 16
1 10

1.3

2
 /
1 16/1
2 10/1
652 49

3

a
b
16 1 a
a

16
10 1 b
b

10
4 2
3
652
a + b = 652 ----------------(1)
49
a b
+ = 49 ----------------(2)
16 10
5
a + b = 652 ----------------(1)
a b
+ = 49 ----------------(2)
16 10
a b
80 (2), 80 ( ) + 80( ) = 80(49)
16 10
5a + 8b = 3,920 ----------------(3)
5 (1), 5a + 5b = 3,260 --------------- (4)
(3) - (4), 3b = 660
1 1
(3b) = (660)
3 3
b = 220
 b = 220 (1)
a + 220 = 652
a + 220 + (-220) = 652 + (-220)
a = 432
432
220
6
432 + 220 = 652
a 432
= = = 27
16 16
b 220
= = = 22
10 10
= 27 + 22 = 49
()
432
220

2 11,500
2,100

1
1.1
11,500
2,100
1.2
11,500
2,100
1.3

2

11,500

2,100
3

c
d
c + d
c - d
4 2
3
11,500
c + d = 11,500 ---------------(1)
2,100
c - d = 2,100 ---------------(2)
5
c + d = 11,500 ---------------(1)
c - d = 2,100 ---------------(2)
(1) + (2), 2c = 13,600
1 1
(2c) = (13,600)
2 2
c = 6,800

c = 6,800 (1)
6,800 + d = 11,500
6,800 + d + (-6,800) = 11,500 + (-6,800)
d = 4,700
6,800
4,700
6
= 6,800 + 4,700
= 11,500
= 6,800 - 4,700 = 2,100
 ()
6,800
4,700

3
30 % 50 % 200
45 %

1
1.1

30 % 50 %
200 45 %
1.2
30 %
50 % 200
45 %
1.3

1 30 /100
2 50 /100
45 /100 200

3

x
y
30 %
 30 3
= x = x
100 10
50 %
50 1
y = y
100 2
4 2
3
200
x + y = 200 --------------(1)
45 %
45
= (200) = 90
100
3 1
x + y = 90 -------------(2)
10 2
5
x + y = 200 --------------(1)
3 1
x + y = 90 --------------(2)
10 2
(1) x + y = 200
x + y + (-y) = 200 + (-y)
x = 200 - y
x = 200 - y (2)
3 1
(200 - y) + y = 90
10 2
3 3 1
(200) - y + y = 90
10 10 2
1
60 + y = 90
5
1
60 + y + (-60) = 90 + (-60)
5
1
y = 30
5
1
5( y) = 5(30)
5
y = 150
 y = 150 (1)
x + 150 = 200
x + 150 + (-150) = 200 + (-150)
x = 50
50 150
6
= 50 + 150 = 200
30 %
30

100 (50) = 15
50 %
50
(150) = 75
100
= 15 + 75 = 90
45 %

()
50
150

2.2 (15 )

1. W = kL + C k C L = 3 W = 15 L = 4
W = 18
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2. R1 R2
5 4 3 7
R1 R 2
+ = 1.3 R1 R 2 = -1.1 R1 R2
-
()
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3. 240 1
2 1

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4. 10,000
8 6
5 10,000
10,000
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5.
4 8
6 1


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2
1 ax + by + c = 0 a. b c
a, b 0
2
ax + by = e
cx + dy = f
a, b, c, d, e f a, b 0 c, d 0

x y
x y (x, y)