Pol 201400676

THE ARCHITECTURAL PHYSIOGNOMY OF MYSTRAS
GREECE

..: 34109
2013-2014

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SUMMARY
Mystras is the best preserved Byzantine city in Greece. Located on a steep

slope at the foot of Taygetos, is just six kilometers southwest of Sparta. The castle
which dominates the hill was created in 1249 by Franc Commander William II
Villehardouin. After 1262, Mystras passes to the supervision of Byzantine and
around the middle of the 14th century became the seat of the Despotate of Morea.
But in 1460 the hill was conquered by the Turks and remained under occupation
until the liberation in 1821. Mystras was one of the first Byzantine castles which
were released.
The city of Mystras was extended gradually, with various interventions by

the conquerors. Nevertheless, Mystras manages to maintain its urban identity by
respecting some basic planning regulations, such as: the necessary hygiene, the
safety, the functionality and aesthetics.
People of different social classes lived in Mystras (a fact evidenced by the

diversity of residences). The architectural design of residences had as main unit the
building with basement (its back side lays inside the earth due to the sloping
ground), a ground floor and a studio floor. Towers, additional rooms or even entire
residential units were added on the main residential units, as an extension.
There are many temples in the city of Mystras. Various architectural types
were implemented on the temples, which the so-called mixed type dominates on
and combines the rhythm of the "three aisled basilica" with the "cruciform with a
dome." Most temples have been built according to the "cloisonn" masonry.
Nowadays, only the followings remain from Mystras: the temples, the roads
of the city and many homes most of which are fallen in ruins.
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THE ARCHITECTURAL PHYSIOGNOMY OF MYSTRAS

Mystras is the best preserved Byzantine city in Greece. Located on a steep

The city of Mystras was extended gradually, with various interventions by

People of different social classes lived in Mystras (a fact evidenced by the

.3: . Bartlett, 1843. : Wikipedia.gr.

.4: . Bartlett, 1843. : 5 .

. 16: . (). : ethnos.gr.

. 22: ' . . : www.architecturalfiles.com

.63 & 64: . : panoramio.com &

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