TRNG I HC KHOA HC T NHIN H NI

KHOA HA HC

BI 5
THC HNH
PHN TCH PHNG SAI ANOVA, MANOVA

Hc vin: Trn Quang Thnh

Lp: Cao hc K27
B Mn: Ha Phn Tch

H ni, thng 4 nm 2017

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 Cu hi 1: Trung tm Phn tch th nghim X - Him tin hnh kim tra tay
ngh ca 6 nhn vin th vic i vi ch tiu phn tch tng xt t him %Tr 2O3
trong mt mu t him ly ti vng m ng Pao - Lai Chu. Mi nhn vin phn
tch lp li 5 ln. Dng phng php ANOVA kim tra xem gi tr trung bnh kt
qu ca mi nhn vin c ging nhau khng, t nh gi tay ngh ca nhn
vin c ng u khng.
Bi Lm
Bng 1: Kt qu phn tch ca 6 nhn vin v hm lng %Tr2O3
trong mu t him ng Pao.
Nhn vin
TN lp li
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 9,78 10,80 10,23 10,04 10,56 10,42
2 9,78 10,41 10,54 10,52 10,56 10,56
3 9,89 10,23 11,02 9,75 10,8 10,52
4 9,50 10,78 9,80 10,23 11,01 10,45
5 9,52 10,7 9,75 10,31 10,45 10,46
Gi thit:
- Gi s gi tr trung bnh kt qu ca 6 nhn vin l ging nhau.
- Nu ch cn t nht 2 gi tr trung bnh khc nhau th khc nhau.
S dng phn mn Minitab 16 nhp s liu ct c1 ln lt l kt qu %Tr2O3
ca nhn vin, theo th t t tri sang phi, t trn xung di, 5 ln th nghim
lp li. Ct 2 nhp yu t nh hng l nhn vin t 1 n 6, theo th t l
1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2....6,6,6,6,6,6.
Kim tra gi tr bt thng
Individual Value Plot of % Tr2O3 vs Nhn vin Boxplot of % Tr2O3

Individual Value Plot of % Tr2O3 vs Nhn vin Boxplot of % Tr2O3

11.00 11.00

10.75 10.75

10.50 10.50
% Tr2O3

% Tr2O3

10.25 10.25

10.00 10.00

9.75 9.75

9.50 9.50

1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6
Nhn vin Nhn vin

Hnh 1: S phn b ring r v phn b dng Boxplot ca mi nhn vin

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 Kim tra gi tr bt thng c th thy rng gi tr trung bnh ca kt qu th
nghim ca 6 nhn vin c s khc nhau, th cho thy nhn vin 1 c kt qu
nm ngoi xa so vi kt qu ca cc nhn vin cn li.
Kim tra phn phi chun

Probability Plot of Tr2O3

Normal - 95% CI
99
Mean 10.33
StDev 0.4451
95 N 30
AD 0.643
90
P-Value 0.085
80
70
Percent

60
50
40
30
20

10

1
9.0 9.5 10.0 10.5 11.0 11.5 12.0
% tr2O3

Hnh 2:Phn phi chun

C P value > 0.05. Do kt lun s liu tun theo phn phi chun
Kt qu tnh theo ANOVA 1 yu t nh sau:
C F tnh = 7,38
Tra bng vi P = 0,05 v f1 = 5 v f2 = 24 ta c F bng = 2.62
Nh vy F tnh > F bng.
Tr s P value = 0,00 < 0.05( mc ngha a = 0,05). Nn loi b gi thit
o (H0 l cc gi tr trung bnh ca 6 nhn vin ging nhau). Khng nh c
rng khng phi tt c cc kt qu trung bnh ca nhn vin khc nhau u ging
nhau.
Ni cch khc cng mt mu th nghim nhng c kt qu khc nhau
gia nhng nhn vin phn tch, ng u v tay ngh cha cao.

Cu 2: nghin cu v kh nng nhim x v kim loi trong ngun nc

khu vc m Urani - P La P Rng Qung Nam. Tin hnh phn tch mu U;
Th; La; Ce ca khu vc m so vi khu vc khng nhim X. Mu c ly theo 2
ma l ma kh v ma ma, ngun nc ly phn tch l nc ngm, nc mt,
nc sinh hot. Hm lng cc nguyn t thu c trong 24 mu theo bng sau:

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 Bng 2: Kt qu phn tch U; Th; La; Ce (mg/kg) trong mu nc.
STT U Th La Ce a im Ma Ngun nc
1 50 12 6 6 1 1 1
2 56 23 3 5 1 1 1
3 58 15 8 4 1 1 2
4 59 21 7 8 1 1 2
5 61 24 4 7 1 1 3
6 64 27 5 9 1 1 3
7 67 23 9 4 1 2 1
8 62 19 7 2 1 2 1
9 45 18 9 8 1 2 2
10 57 15 5 7 1 2 2
11 78 24 7 9 1 2 3
12 31 16 8 5 1 2 3
13 35 12 9 7 2 1 1
14 32 14 3 8 2 1 1
15 45 21 5 4 2 1 2
16 65 16 4 3 2 1 2
17 34 17 7 2 2 1 3
18 35 15 5 5 2 1 3
19 46 18 3 6 2 2 1
20 45 19 2 5 2 2 1
21 43 23 4 3 2 2 2
22 32 25 5 4 2 2 2
23 45 21 6 7 2 2 3
24 67 19 7 4 2 2 3
Trong : - a im vng m k hiu l:1
- a im khng nhim k hiu l:2
- Ma ma l: 1; ma kh l: 2
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 - Ngun nc mt l: 1; nc sui l: 2, nc sinh hot l: 3
Yu cu:
- Kim tra ANOVA
- Kim tra MANOVA
Bi lm
- Kim tra cc gi tr bt thng bng Boxplot thy khng c gi tr bt
thng no trong tp s liu.

Boxplot of U Boxplot of La
80
9

8
70

60
6

La
U

5
50

40
3

2
30

Boxplot of Th Boxplot of Ce
28
9
26
8
24
7
22

20 6
Th

Ce

18 5

16
4
14
3
12

2
10

Hnh 3: th gi tr bt thng ca U; Th; La; Ce

- Kim tra phn b chun ca 4 nguyn t c P value > 0,05 tp s liu
tun theo phn b chun.

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 Probability Plot of U, Th, La, Ce
Normal - 95% CI
99
Variable
U
95 Th
La
90
Ce
80 Mean StDev N AD P
70 50.5 13.44 24 0.506 0.182
Percent

60 19.04 4.196 24 0.295 0.569

50 5.75 2.069 24 0.435 0.275
40 5.5 2.106 24 0.450 0.252
30
20

10

1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Data

1 - Phn tch phng sai ANOVA (ph lc 2)

Kho st Nguyn t U; Th; La; Ce vi 2 yu t nh hng l a im v
ngun nc.
Kt qu thu c khi phn tch phng sai 2 yu t ANOVA 2 - ways cho
thy:
- i vi Th v La, Ce tt c cc Pvalue > 0,05 chng t rng c 2 yu t a
im, ngun nc u khng nh hng n kt qu th nghim.
- i vi U, yu t a im cho Pvalue = 0,016 < 0,05;
- i vi yu t ngun nc cho P value > 0,05 chng t rng yu t a im
gy nh hng n hm lng U trong nc khu vc m.
2 - Phn tch phng sai MANOVA
Kt qu thu c khi phn tch phng sai a bin MANOVA cho thy:
- i vi yu t a im, phn tch MANOVA theo c 4 tiu chun u cho
kt qu pvalue = 0,032 < 0,05. C ngha l vi tin cy 95%, yu t a im gy
nh hng n kt qu phn tch hm lng ca cc nguyn t.
- i vi 2 yu t ma v ngun nc, kt qu phn tch MANOVA u cho
Pvalue > 0,05. C ngha l tin cy 95%, c 2 yu t trn u khng c nh
hng n kt qu phn tch hm lng cc nguyn t trong nc.

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 PH LC 01

- Kt qu tnh theo ANOVA 1 yu t nh sau:

19/04/2017 7:39:10 AM
Welcome to Minitab, press F1 for help.

One-way ANOVA: % Tr2O3 versus Nhn vin

Source DF SS MS F P
Nhn vin 5 3.4825 0.6965 7.38 0.000
Error 24 2.2638 0.0943
Total 29 5.7463

S = 0.3071 R-Sq = 60.60% R-Sq(adj) = 52.40%

Individual 95% CIs For Mean Based on

Pooled StDev
Level N Mean StDev -----+---------+---------+---------+----
1 5 9.694 0.174 (------*------)
2 5 10.584 0.252 (------*------)
3 5 10.268 0.531 (------*------)
4 5 10.170 0.291 (------*------)
5 5 10.676 0.226 (------*------)
6 5 10.610 0.233 (------*------)
-----+---------+---------+---------+----
9.60 10.00 10.40 10.80

Pooled StDev = 0.307

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 PH LC 02
Correlations: U, Th, La, Ce

U Th La
Th 0.392
0.058

La 0.108 -0.174
0.616 0.416

Ce 0.137 0.096 0.010

0.524 0.656 0.963

Cell Contents: Pearson correlation

P-Value

Two-way ANOVA: U versus a im, Ngun nc

Source DF SS MS F P
a im 1 1120.67 1120.67 6.99 0.016
Ngun nc 2 30.25 15.13 0.09 0.910
Interaction 2 116.08 58.04 0.36 0.701
Error 18 2885.00 160.28
Total 23 4152.00

S = 12.66 R-Sq = 30.52% R-Sq(adj) = 11.21%

Individual 95% CIs For Mean Based on

a Pooled StDev
im Mean -----+---------+---------+---------+----
1 57.3333 (---------*--------)
2 43.6667 (---------*--------)
-----+---------+---------+---------+----
40.0 48.0 56.0 64.0

Individual 95% CIs For Mean Based on

Ngun Pooled StDev
nc Mean ----+---------+---------+---------+-----
1 49.125 (---------------*---------------)
2 50.500 (---------------*---------------)
3 51.875 (--------------*---------------)

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 ----+---------+---------+---------+-----
42.0 48.0 54.0 60.0

Two-way ANOVA: Th versus a im, Ngun nc

Source DF SS MS F P
a im 1 12.042 12.0417 0.80 0.382
Ngun nc 2 33.583 16.7917 1.12 0.348
Interaction 2 89.583 44.7917 2.99 0.076
Error 18 269.750 14.9861
Total 23 404.958

S = 3.871 R-Sq = 33.39% R-Sq(adj) = 14.88%

a Individual 95% CIs For Mean Based on Pooled StDev

im Mean +---------+---------+---------+---------
1 19.7500 (-------------*--------------)
2 18.3333 (--------------*-------------)
+---------+---------+---------+---------
16.0 17.6 19.2 20.8

Individual 95% CIs For Mean Based on

Ngun Pooled StDev
nc Mean --+---------+---------+---------+-------
1 17.500 (-----------*-----------)
2 19.250 (-----------*-----------)
3 20.375 (-----------*----------)
--+---------+---------+---------+-------
15.0 17.5 20.0 22.5

Two-way ANOVA: La versus a im, Ngun nc

Source DF SS MS F P
a im 1 13.50 13.500 3.38 0.083
Ngun nc 2 3.25 1.625 0.41 0.672
Interaction 2 9.75 4.875 1.22 0.319
Error 18 72.00 4.000
Total 23 98.50

S = 2 R-Sq = 26.90% R-Sq(adj) = 6.60%

Individual 95% CIs For Mean Based on

a Pooled StDev
im Mean --+---------+---------+---------+-------
1 6.5 (-----------*-----------)
2 5.0 (-----------*-----------)
--+---------+---------+---------+-------
4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0

Individual 95% CIs For Mean Based on

Ngun Pooled StDev
nc Mean --+---------+---------+---------+-------
1 5.250 (--------------*-------------)
2 5.875 (--------------*--------------)
3 6.125 (--------------*--------------)
--+---------+---------+---------+-------
4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0

Two-way ANOVA: Th versus a im, Ngun nc

Source DF SS MS F P
a im 1 12.042 12.0417 0.80 0.382

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Ngun nc 2 33.583 16.7917 1.12 0.348
Interaction 2 89.583 44.7917 2.99 0.076
Error 18 269.750 14.9861
Total 23 404.958

S = 3.871 R-Sq = 33.39% R-Sq(adj) = 14.88%

a Individual 95% CIs For Mean Based on Pooled StDev

im Mean +---------+---------+---------+---------
1 19.7500 (-------------*--------------)
2 18.3333 (--------------*-------------)
+---------+---------+---------+---------
16.0 17.6 19.2 20.8

Individual 95% CIs For Mean Based on

Ngun Pooled StDev
nc Mean --+---------+---------+---------+-------
1 17.500 (-----------*-----------)
2 19.250 (-----------*-----------)
3 20.375 (-----------*----------)
--+---------+---------+---------+-------
15.0 17.5 20.0 22.5

Two-way ANOVA: Ce versus a im, Ngun nc

Source DF SS MS F P
a im 1 10.667 10.6667 3.88 0.064
Ngun nc 2 3.250 1.6250 0.59 0.564
Interaction 2 38.583 19.2917 7.02 0.006
Error 18 49.500 2.7500
Total 23 102.000

S = 1.658 R-Sq = 51.47% R-Sq(adj) = 37.99%

Individual 95% CIs For Mean Based on

a Pooled StDev
im Mean --+---------+---------+---------+-------
1 6.16667 (---------*---------)
2 4.83333 (---------*---------)
--+---------+---------+---------+-------
4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0

Individual 95% CIs For Mean Based on

Ngun Pooled StDev
nc Mean -+---------+---------+---------+--------
1 5.375 (------------*-----------)
2 5.125 (-----------*------------)
3 6.000 (-----------*-----------)
-+---------+---------+---------+--------
4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0

MANOVA: U, Th, La, Ce versus a im, ma, Ngun nc

MANOVA for a im
s = 1 m = 1.0 n = 7.0

Test DF
Criterion Statistic F Num Denom P
Wilks' 0.53516 3.474 4 16 0.032
Lawley-Hotelling 0.86860 3.474 4 16 0.032
Pillai's 0.46484 3.474 4 16 0.032
Roy's 0.86860

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SSCP Matrix for a im

U Th La Ce
U 1120.7 116.17 123.00 109.33
Th 116.2 12.04 12.75 11.33
La 123.0 12.75 13.50 12.00
Ce 109.3 11.33 12.00 10.67

SSCP Matrix for Error

U Th La Ce
U 2977.08 337.71 -69.63 -23.21
Th 337.71 337.29 -63.63 5.75
La -69.63 -63.63 80.25 -11.63
Ce -23.21 5.75 -11.63 87.42

Partial Correlations for the Error SSCP Matrix

U Th La Ce
U 1.00000 0.33701 -0.14244 -0.04549
Th 0.33701 1.00000 -0.38673 0.03349
La -0.14244 -0.38673 1.00000 -0.13879
Ce -0.04549 0.03349 -0.13879 1.00000

EIGEN Analysis for a im

Eigenvalue 0.8686 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000

Proportion 1.0000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000
Cumulative 1.0000 1.00000 1.00000 1.00000

Eigenvector 1 2 3 4
U -0.01295 0.00588 0.01174 -0.00636
Th -0.01176 0.00650 -0.01643 0.05834
La -0.07737 0.02420 -0.09142 0.00282
Ce -0.05304 -0.09435 0.00000 0.00000

MANOVA for ma
s = 1 m = 1.0 n = 7.0

Test DF
Criterion Statistic F Num Denom P
Wilks' 0.88151 0.538 4 16 0.710
Lawley-Hotelling 0.13442 0.538 4 16 0.710
Pillai's 0.11849 0.538 4 16 0.710
Roy's 0.13442

SSCP Matrix for ma

U Th La Ce
U 24.000 23.000 6.000 -4.000
Th 23.000 22.042 5.750 -3.833
La 6.000 5.750 1.500 -1.000
Ce -4.000 -3.833 -1.000 0.667

EIGEN Analysis for ma

Eigenvalue 0.1344 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000

Proportion 1.0000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000
Cumulative 1.0000 1.00000 1.00000 1.00000

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Eigenvector 1 2 3 4
U -0.00019 -0.0013 0.0192 -0.0033
Th -0.05347 -0.0092 -0.0163 0.0254
La -0.08156 -0.0309 -0.0144 -0.0844
Ce 0.01810 -0.1067 0.0000 0.0000

MANOVA for Ngun nc

s = 2 m = 0.5 n = 7.0

Test DF
Criterion Statistic F Num Denom P
Wilks' 0.78409 0.517 8 32 0.834
Lawley-Hotelling 0.26958 0.505 8 30 0.842
Pillai's 0.22043 0.526 8 34 0.828
Roy's 0.24613

SSCP Matrix for Ngun nc

U Th La Ce
U 30.250 31.625 9.625 6.875
Th 31.625 33.583 10.375 6.250
La 9.625 10.375 3.250 1.625
Ce 6.875 6.250 1.625 3.250

EIGEN Analysis for Ngun nc

Eigenvalue 0.2461 0.02345 0.00000 0.00000

Proportion 0.9130 0.08700 0.00000 0.00000
Cumulative 0.9130 1.00000 1.00000 1.00000

Eigenvector 1 2 3 4
U -0.00037 -0.0028 0.0156 0.0114
Th -0.05058 0.0162 -0.0302 0.0109
La -0.09012 0.0226 0.0504 -0.0614
Ce -0.03577 -0.1011 0.0000 -0.0144

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