8.

0 Emergency Procedures
8.1 Types of Accidents
8.1.1 Minor Injury
There are some possible minor injuries that might occur on site:

Insect bite
Minor cuts by machines or plants
Sprains or Strains
Heatstroke
The suitable emergency procedures for the minor injuries:

1. Contact the First Aiders

2. Inform them the type of minor injury and services required for this type of minor injury
3. Provide the simple First Aid before First Aiders arrive
4. After First Aiders arrive, any area with blood stains should be cleaned
5. Other people should be alerted to be careful

8.1.2 Major Injury

There are some possible major injuries on site:

Dislocation
Burning
Fractures
Falling into river
Major injuries caused by using machines
The necessary emergency procedures for the major injuries:

1. The construction should be stopped immediately

2. Contact medical emergency centre by dialling 999
3. Information should be provided:
The location of emergency: National Construction College, Bircham Newton, Kings
Lynn, Norfolk PE31 6RH.
The required services they should provide according to the injuries
The name and phone number of caller
4. Provide simple First Aid before the ambulance arrives
5. Inform the project controllers and First Aiders
6. After the ambulance arrives, any blood stains on site should be cleaned
7. Other people should be alerted to be careful throughout the construction process

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8.1.3 Special accidents including electrocution
The emergency procedures should be:

1. Turn off the main supply immediately.

2. Stay out of the affected area and stand on something dry or non-conductive materials such
as newspaper or wooden board.
3. Try to separate the electrocuted person using non-conductive object such as rubber
doormat, plastic broom handle or wooden chair from the source of shock.
4. Phone for an ambulance.
5. Trained First Aider will administer appropriate first aid such as CPR until help arrives.

8.1.4 Special accidents including burning

The suitable emergency procedures should be:

1. Stop the construction and try to remove the sources of burning (such as clothes or hair).
2. Use the rinse water (roughly 30) to wash the skin.
3. If the injury is significant, follow the emergency procedures in the 8.1.2
4. If the injury is a minor injury, the rest of emergency procedures should be:
Use the First Aid Box to remove the residue from the skin
Clean the skin and apply a bandage to the burned skin
Clean the blood stains on site
Contact the project controllers and First Aiders
Alert other people to be careful during the construction

8.2 Falling into water

Where construction work takes place over water, there are possibilities of workers falling into
the water and it is best that the workers are prepared to take necessary actions when such
event takes place. The following procedures are to be followed:
If the individual is still breathing:

1. Open the airway to provide enough oxide for the individual

2. Replace the wet clothes with dry ones
3. Follow the emergency procedures for minor injuries in 8.1.1
If the individual is not breathing:
1. Other people should provide the CPR for him/her until the ambulance arrives
2. Follow the emergency procedures for major injuries in 8.1.2

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8.3 Fire
After the discovery of a fire, the emergency procedures should be:

1. Stop the construction immediately and alert other people around the construction site
regarding the fire.
2. Sound the nearest fire alarm.
3. Extinguish the fire using the fire extinguisher nearby. This is only allowed to a person who
is trained to use the fire extinguisher
4. Contact the nearest fire department
5. Everyone should evacuate the site quickly and assemble at the fire assembly point (the
green point in the below figure)
6. Contact the project controllers and pass them the full details of the incident
7. Continue construction until project controllers allow us to continue the construction.

Figure: This figure shows the fire assembly point in the UCL working area.

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8.4 Entrapment
If the entrapment occurs in the site, the suitable emergency procedures should be:
1. Remain calm.
2. Contact the supervisor or any Laing ORourke staff.
3. Do not try to save the victim by yourself as this may injure the victim.
4. Once removed, send the victim to the nurse to get treatment.
5. Report the incident and enter the details of the incident into the incident log book.

8.5 Asphyxiation
The emergency procedures will be listed:
1. Stop the construction immediately
2. Contact the medical emergency centre by dialling 999
3. Before the ambulances arrive, the following actions should be taken:
Safely rescue the victim from the water if drowning
Loosen the clothes from the individuals
Check for breathing by placing your ear next to the victims mouth and nose
Check the victims pulse
If there is no pulse, start CPR
4. Do not leave the victim alone at all time until the rescue team arrives
5. Contact the project controller and provide full details regarding the incident
6. Do not continue any construction activities until told to do so

8.6 Electrocution
The emergency procedures are shown in the 8.1.3. The most important thing is Do not
try separating the victim from the current by using hands.

8.7 Structural Collapse

The emergency procedures below are the plans/actions to be taken in the case where
the structure suddenly collapse.
1. Stop any construction activities immediately and seek for shelter.
2. Laing ORourke staff will carry out a structural inspection of the collapsed structure.
3. Do not go nearby the affected area until it is deemed safe by the appropriate
authorities.
4. In the event where there are injured victims, bring the victims to the nurse. If
necessary, contact the emergency centre.
5. Contact the project controllers
6. Clean the construction site

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8.8 Procedures

8.8.1 Spill Kit

In order to deal with the spillage:
1. Evacuate from the affected area immediately
2. Install the suitable barrier around the affected area in order to prevent the spread of
the spillage. This may involve the use of diking, dry sand or absorbent pads
3. Waste should be transported quickly and treated with appropriate chemicals at a safe
area, far from the site and workers
4. And after the waste is transported, the area should be cleaned
5. After the area is cleaned, the site should be washed in order to prevent the further
infection from the spillage of concrete

8.8.2 Training
Before people come to the site, they should be trained:

1. If some accidents occur, they should evacuate from the site quickly
2. If some major accidents occur, they should sound the alarm in the site
3. Know how to provide the simple first aids on the site
4. Know who to contact during emergency
5. Know how to handle the fire, spillage, electrocution, falling or some major accidents
6. If there are some emergencies, people need to stop the construction immediately

8.8.3 Clean Up

A daily clean up and an overall clean up after the construction of the bridge has been
completed, need to be carried out to eliminate fire and safety hazards as well as to
improve the efficiency of construction operation. This includes removing the dust,
building materials such as pipes, wiring, woods and metals to ensure the safety of the
people evaluating the bridge at the end of the week.

(A) Daily Clean Up

1. Use the recommended cleaning tools/materials to conduct the cleaning activities.
2. The members of team that are involved in the construction activities need to
dispose the debris and rubbish to the rubbish collection point.
3. The rubbish container needs to be of adequate size to hold the construction debris
temporarily.
4. Volatile wastes must be disposed in a separate container made of metal and is
covered, and this container has to be located at least 100 feet from the site
location.

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 5. The rubbish container need to be emptied regularly whereas the metal container
needs to be emptied daily.
(B) Final Clean Up
1. An overall clean up needs to be carried out including sweeping and removing dust
off of the surfaces.
2. Rubbish and debris will be disposed at the rubbish collection point where
appropriate containers are provided.

8.9 Emergency Contact Details

The below table shows the list of emergency contact details in the site.

NCC Switchboard 01485 577775

NCC Reception Number 01485 577841
NCC Emergency Number 7000 on the NCC Internal System
Emergency Service Centre 999

If there are some accidents occur, first aiders and project managers should be contacted
immediately to provide required services. And then, project controllers should be
contacted to evaluate the situation faced.

And if there are some major injuries, the nearest hospital should be contacted. The
phone number of nearest hospital is 01553 613613. The name of the nearest hospital is
Queen Elizabeth Hospital. And the address of this hospital is: Gayton Road, Kings Lynn,
Norfolk PE30 4ET, United Kingdom. And the route from the site to hospital will be shown
below.

The above figure shows the time from the nearest hospital to site is 22 minutes by cars.