Connection Design

Joints resistance according to EC.3 1 8

Edit by Dott. Ing. Simone Caff

 Connection Design 2

FIN PLATE CONNECTION

Shear resistance per shear plane Table 3.4:

v As fub
Fv,Rd
M2

v 0.6 for classes 8.8

v 0.5 for classes 10.9
As area of the bolts
fub ultimate tensile strength
M2 1.25 safety factor

Shear bolt resistance 3.6.1:

Fv,Rd
VRd,1 VEd
2 2
1 ex xmax ex ymax

nb Jb Jb

ex eccentricity between the centroid of the bolts and the supporting beam
web or supporting column flange.

nb number of bolts.
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 Connection Design 3

Shear force in y direction per shear plane due to external shear:

VEd
VyV,Ed
nb

Shear force in y direction per shear plane due to torsion:

V e x
VyT,Ed Ed x max
Jb

Shear force in x direction per shear plane due to torsion:

V e y
VxT,Ed Ed x max
Jb

Total shear force per shear plane due to shear and torsion:

2 2
1 ex xmax ex ymax
Rb VEd Fv,Rd
n
b J b J b

Bolts polar moment calculated in the centroid of the bolts:

Jb xi2 yi2
i

Axial resistance for the bolts in shear 3.6.1:

NRd,1 nb Fv,Rd NEd

Shear bearing resistance of beam web Table 3.4:

1
VRd,2 VEd
2 2
1 ex xmax ex ymax
n Jb Jb
b
Fy ,b,Rd Fx,b,Rd

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 Connection Design 4

Bearing resistance in y direction:

y ky d tbw fu
Fy ,b,Rd
M2

Without notch Single notch Double notch

p
1
e p 1
e p
y min 1 ; 1 y min 1 ; 1 ; 1 1
3d 4 3d 3d 4 y min 1,min ; 1 ; 1

1

0 0
3d 3d 4
0 0

e p

k min2.8 2 1.7 ; 1.4 2 1.7 ; 2.5
y d d

0 0

y bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer.

ky bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer.

e1 end distance from the center of fastener hole, to the adjacent end of any
part measured in the direction of load transfer (Figure 3.1 EC3-1-8 : 2005).

e2 edge distance from the center of fastener hole, to the adjacent edge of any
part measured at right angles to direction of load transfer (Figure 3.1 EC3-1-
8 : 2005).

p1 spacing between centers of fasteners in a line in the direction of load transfer

(Figure 3.1 EC3-1-8 : 2005).

p2 spacing measured perpendicular to load transfer direction between

adjacent line of fasteners (Figure 3.1 EC3-1-8 : 2005).

d diameter of the fastener.

d0 diameter of the hole.

tbw thickness of the beam web.

fu ultimate tensile strength

Bearing resistance in x direction:

x kx d tbw fu
Fx,b,Rd
M2

Without notch Single notch Double notch

e p 1

x min 2 ; 2 ; 1
3d 3d 4
0 0
p
e p
e p
k min2.8 1 1.7 ; 1.4 1 1.7 ; 2.5
k x min 1.4 1 1.7 ; 2.5 x d d k x min 2.8 1,min 1.7 ; 1.4 1 1.7 ; 2.5
d
0 0
d d
0 0 0

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 Connection Design 5

Bearing check:

2 2
1 ex xmax ex ymax

nb Jb Jb 1
VEd
Fy ,b,Rd F
x ,b,Rd

Shear bearing resistance of fin plate Table 3.4:

1
VRd,3 VEd
2 2
1 ex xmax ex ymax
n Jb Jb
b
F y ,b,Rd F x ,b,Rd

Bearing resistance in y direction:

y ky d tp fu
Fy ,b,Rd
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e1 p1 1
y min ; ; 1
3 d0 3 d0 4

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e2 p

ky min 2.8 1.7 ; 1.4 2 1.7 ; 2.5

d0 d0

e1 end distance from the center of fastener hole, to the adjacent end of any
part measured in the direction of load transfer (Figure 3.1 EC3-1-8 : 2005).

e2 e distance from the center of fastener hole, to the adjacent edge of any
part measured at right angles to direction of load transfer (Figure 3.1 EC3-1-
8 : 2005).

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 Connection Design 6

p1 spacing between centers of fasteners in a line in the direction of load transfer

(Figure 3.1 EC3-1-8 : 2005).

p2 spacing measured perpendicular to load transfer direction between

adjacent line of fasteners (Figure 3.1 EC3-1-8 : 2005).

d diameter of the fastener.

d0 diameter of the hole.

tp thickness of the fin plate.

Bearing resistance in x direction:

x k x d tp fu
F x ,b,Rd
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e2
p2 1
x min ; ; 1
3 d0 3 d0 4

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e1 p

k x min 2.8 1.7 ; 1.4 1 1.7 ; 2.5

d0 d0

Axial bearing resistance of beam web Table 3.4:

NRd,2 nb Fx,b,Rd NEd

Axial bearing resistance of fin plate Table 3.4:

NRd,3 nb F x,b,Rd NEd

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 Connection Design 7

Beam web in shear (gross section):

Av fy
VRd,4 VEd
3 M0

Without notch Single notch Double notch

Av 0.9 Ab 2 bb tbf tbw 2rb tbf Av 0.9 Ab 2 bb tbf dnt tbf tbw Av 0.9 hb dnt dnb tbw

Ab cross sectional area of the beam.

hb height of the beam.
bb flange width of the beam.
tbf thickness of the beam flange.
tbw thickness of the beam web.
dnt depth of the top notch.
dnb depth of the bottom notch.

Beam web in shear (net section):

Av,net fu
VRd,5 VEd
3 M2

Shear net area: Av,net Av nb,v tbw d0

nb,v number of bolts in a single vertical line.

fu ultimate tensile strength.

Fin plate in shear (gross section):

hp tp fy
VRd,6 VEd
1.27 3 M0

hp height of the fin plate.

tp thickness of the fin plate.

The coefficient 1.27 takes in to account the redaction of shear resistance, due to the
presence of bending moment.

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 Connection Design 8

Fin plate in shear (net section):

VRd,7
h p
nb,v d0 tp fu
VEd
3 M2

hp height of the fin plate.

tp thickness of the fin plate.

Fin plate in bending:

tp hp2
fy
Wel ,p fy 6
VRd,8 VEd
ex M0 ex M0

Wel ,p elastic fin plate modulus.

Beam web in bending:

Wel ,b fy
VRd,9 VEd
en M0

Without notch Single notch Double notch

2
Wel ,b tbw hdnt dnb
Wel ,b ,min of the T shape Wel ,b
6

en eccentricity between the shear force and the notch end.

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 Connection Design 9

Fin plate in shear (Block tearing):

0.5 Ant ,p fu Anv,p fy

VRd,10 VEd
M2 3 M0

Ant ,p net area subjected to tension:

d0 for a single vertical line of bolts

Ant ,p e2 tp
2
A e n 1 p n 0.5 d t
nt ,p 2 b,h 2 b,h 0 p for more than one vertical line of bolts

Anv,p net area subjected to shear:

Anv,p hp e1 nb,v 0.5 d0 tp

nb,h number of bolts in a single horizontal line.

nb,v number of bolts in a single vertical line.

Beam web in shear (Block tearing):

0.5 Ant ,b fu Anv,b fy

VRd,11 VEd
M2 3 M0

Ant ,p net area subjected to tension:

d0 for a single vertical line of bolts

Ant ,b e2 tbw
2
A e n 1 p n 0.5 d t
nt ,b 2 b,h 2 b,h 0 bw for more than one vertical line of bolts

Anv,b net area subjected to shear:

Without notch Single notch Double notch

Anv ,b e1 nb ,v 1p1 nb ,v 0.5d0 t bw Anv ,b e1 nb ,v 1p1 nb ,v 0.5d0 t bw Anv ,b e1,min nb ,v 1p1 nb ,v 0.5d0 tbw

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 Connection Design 10

Fin plate in tension (Block tearing):

nt ,p f
0.5 A nv,p f
A y
NRd,4 u
NEd
M2 3 M0

nt ,p
A net area subjected to tension:

nt,p n 1 p n 1 d t
A b,v 1 b,v 0 p

nv,p
A net area subjected to shear:

d0 for a single vertical line of bolts

A nv ,p 2 e2 tp
2
A nv,p 2 e2 n 1 p n 0.5 d t for more than one vertical line of bolts

b ,h 2 b ,h 0 p

nb,h number of bolts in a single horizontal line.

nb,v number of bolts in a single vertical line.

Beam web in tension (Block tearing):

nt ,b f
0.5 A nv,b f
A y
NRd,5 u
NEd
M2 3 M0

nt ,b
A net area subjected to tension:

nt,b n 1 p n 1 d t
A b,v 1 b,v 0 bw

nv,b
A net area subjected to shear:

d0 for a single vertical line of bolts

Anv,b 2 e2 tbw
2
A 2 e2 nb,h 1 p2 nb,h 0.5 d0 tbw for more than one vertical line of bolts
nv,b

nb,h number of bolts in a single horizontal line.

nb,v number of bolts in a single vertical line.

Fin plate in tension (net section):

NRd,6

0.9 hp nb,v d0 tp fu NEd
M2

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 Connection Design 11

Beam web in tension (net section):

NRd,7

0.9 hp nb,v d0 tbw fu NEd
M2

hp height of the fin plate (conservatively).

Joint resistance:

Vpl,Rd design plastic resistance of the beam

Vj ,Rd minVRd,1;; VRd,11 VEd

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd then
Nj ,Rd minNRd,1;; NRd,7 NEd

2 2
NEd

VEd
1.00
min N ; N ; N min V ; V ; V

Rd ,1 Rd ,2 Rd ,3
Rd ,1 Rd ,2
Rd ,3

V minV ; ; V V
j ,Rd Rd ,4 Rd ,11 Ed
If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd then
Nj ,Rd minNRd,4 ; ; NRd,7 1 NEd
2
2 VEd
1 6.2.10 EC.3
Vpl ,Rd

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 Connection Design 12

WEB COVER PLATE CONNECTION

Shear resistance per shear plane Table 3.4:

v As fub
Fv,Rd
M2

v 0.6 for classes 8.8

v 0.5 for classes 10.9
As Area of the bolts
fub Ultimate tensile strength
M2 1.25 Safety factor

Shear bolt resistance 3.6.1:

n Fv,Rd
VRd,1 VEd
2 2
1 ex xmax ex ymax

nb Jb Jb

ex eccentricity between the centroid of the bolts and the beam end.
nb number of bolts.
n2 number of shear plane.

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 Connection Design 13

Shear force in y direction per shear plane due to external shear:

VEd
VyV,Ed
n nb

Shear force in y direction per shear plane due to torsion:

V e x
VyT,Ed Ed x max
n Jb

Shear force in x direction per shear plane due to torsion:

V e y
VxT,Ed Ed x max
n Jb

Total shear force per shear plane due to shear and torsion:

2 2
V 1 ex xmax ex ymax
Rb Ed Fv,Rd
n nb Jb Jb

Bolts polar moment calculated in the centroid of the bolts:

Jb xi2 yi2
i

Axial resistance for the bolts in shear 3.6.1:

NRd,1 n nb Fv,Rd NEd

Shear bearing resistance of beam web Table 3.4:

1
VRd,2 VEd
2 2
1 ex xmax ex ymax
n Jb Jb
b
Fy ,b,Rd Fx,b,Rd

Bearing resistance in y direction:

y ky d tbw fu
Fy ,b,Rd
M2

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 Connection Design 14

Bearing coefficients

p 1
y min 1 ; 1
3d1 4



e p

k min2.8 2 1.7 ; 1.4 2 1.7 ; 2.5
y d d

0 0

y bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer.

ky bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer.

e1 end distance from the center of fastener hole, to the adjacent end of any
part measured in the direction of load transfer (Figure 3.1 EC3-1-8 : 2005).

e2 edge distance from the center of fastener hole, to the adjacent edge of any
part measured at right angles to direction of load transfer (Figure 3.1 EC3-1-
8 : 2005).

p1 spacing between centers of fasteners in a line in the direction of load transfer

(Figure 3.1 EC3-1-8 : 2005).

p2 spacing measured perpendicular to load transfer direction between

adjacent line of fasteners (Figure 3.1 EC3-1-8 : 2005).

d diameter of the fastener.

d0 diameter of the hole.

tbw thickness of the beam web.

fu ultimate tensile strength

Bearing resistance in x direction:

x kx d tbw fu
Fx,b,Rd
M2

Bearing coefficients

e2 p 1
x min ; 2 ; 1
3d 3d 4
0 0
p

k x min 1.4 1 1.7 ; 2.5
d
0

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 Connection Design 15

Bearing check:

2 2
1 e x ex ymax
n x max n
n nb n Jb n Jb
VEd 1
Fy ,b,Rd Fx ,b,Rd

Shear bearing resistance of cover plates Table 3.4:

1
VRd,3 VEd
2 2
1 ex xmax ex ymax
n Jb Jb
b
F y ,b,Rd F x ,b,Rd

Bearing resistance in y direction:

y ky d 2 tp fu
Fy ,b,Rd
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e1 p1 1
y min ; ; 1
3 d0 3 d0 4

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e2 p

ky min 2.8 1.7 ; 1.4 2 1.7 ; 2.5

d0 d0

e1 end distance from the center of fastener hole, to the adjacent end of any
part measured in the direction of load transfer (Figure 3.1 EC3-1-8 : 2005).

e2 edge distance from the center of fastener hole, to the adjacent edge of any
part measured at right angles to direction of load transfer (Figure 3.1 EC3-1-
8 : 2005).

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 Connection Design 16

p1 spacing between centers of fasteners in a line in the direction of load transfer

(Figure 3.1 EC3-1-8 : 2005).

p2 spacing measured perpendicular to load transfer direction between

adjacent line of fasteners (Figure 3.1 EC3-1-8 : 2005).

d diameter of the fastener.

d0 diameter of the hole.

tp thickness of a single plate.

Bearing resistance in x direction:

x k x d 2 tp fu
F x,b,Rd
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e2 p2 1
x min ; ; 1
3 d0 3 d0 4

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e1 p

k x min 2.8 1.7 ; 1.4 1 1.7 ; 2.5

d0 d0

Axial bearing resistance of beam web Table 3.4:

NRd,2 nb Fx,b,Rd NEd

Axial bearing resistance of cover plates Table 3.4:

NRd,3 nb F x,b,Rd NEd

Beam web in shear (gross section) :

0.9 Av fy
VRd,4 VEd
3 M0

Av Ab 2 bb tbf tbw 2 rb tbf

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 Connection Design 17

Ab cross sectional area of the beam.

hb height of the beam.
bb flange width of the beam.
tbf thickness of the beam flange.
tbw thickness of the beam web.

Beam web in shear (net section):

Av,net fu
VRd,5 VEd
3 M2

Shear net area: Av,net Av nb,v tbw d0

nb,v number of bolts in a single vertical line.

fu ultimate tensile strength

Cover plates in shear (gross section):

VRd,6

hp 2 tp fy VEd
1.27 3 M0

hp height of the double plate.

tp thickness of a single plate.

The coefficient 1.27 takes in to account the redaction of shear resistance, due to the
presence of bending moment.

Cover plates in shear (net section):

VRd,7
h p
nb,v d0 2 tp fu VEd
3 M2

hp height of the double plate.

tp thickness of a single plate.

Cover plates in shear (Block tearing):

0.5 Ant ,p fu Anv,p fy

VRd,8 VEd
M2 3 M0

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 Connection Design 18

Ant ,p net area subjected to tension:

d0
Ant ,p e2 2 tp
2
for a single vertical line of bolts

A e n 1 p n 0.5 d 2 t
nt ,p 2 b,h 2 b,h 0 p for more than one vertical line of bolts

Anv,p net area subjected to shear:

Anv,p hp e1 nb,v 0.5 d0 2 tp

nb,h number of bolts in a single horizontal line.
nb,v number of bolts in a single vertical line.

Beam web in shear (Block tearing):

0.5 Ant ,b fu Anv,b fy

VRd,9 VEd
M2 3 M0

Ant ,p net area subjected to tension:

d0 for a single vertical line of bolts

Ant ,b e2 tbw
2
A e n 1 p n 0.5 d t
nt ,b 2 b,h 2 b,h 0 bw for more than one vertical line of bolts

Anv,b net area subjected to shear:

Anv,b e1 nb,v 1 p1 nb,v 0.5 d0 tbw

Cover plates in tension (Block tearing):

nt ,p f
0.5 A nv,p f
A y
NRd,4 u
NEd
M2 3 M0

nt ,p
A net area subjected to tension:

nt,p n 1 p n 1 d 2 t
A b,v 1 b,v 0 p
nv,p
A net area subjected to shear:

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 Connection Design 19

d0
Anv,p 2 e2 2 2 tp
for a single vertical line of bolts

nv,p 2 e2 n 1 p n 0.5 d 2 t
b ,h 2 b ,h 0 p for more than one vertical line of bolts

nb,h number of bolts in a single horizontal line.

nb,v number of bolts in a single vertical line.

Beam web in tension (Block tearing):

nt ,b f
0.5 A nv,b f
A y
NRd,5 u
NEd
M2 3 M0

nt ,b
A net area subjected to tension:

nt,b n 1 p n 1 d t
A b,v 1 b,v 0 bw

nv,b
A net area subjected to shear:

d0 for a single vertical line of bolts

Anv,b 2 e2 tbw
2
A 2 e2 nb,h 1 p2 nb,h 0.5 d0 tbw for more than one vertical line of bolts
nv,b

nb,h number of bolts in a single horizontal line.

nb,v number of bolts in a single vertical line.

Cover plates in tension (net section):

NRd,6

0.9 hp nb,v d0 2 tp fu NEd
M2

Beam web in tension (net section):

NRd,7

0.9 hp nb,v d0 tbw fu NEd
M2

hp height of double plate (conservatively).

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 Connection Design 20

Joint resistance:

Vpl,Rd design plastic resistance of the beam

Vj ,Rd minVRd,1;; VRd,9 VEd

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd then
Nj ,Rd minNRd,1;; NRd,7 NEd

2 2
NEd

VEd
1.00
min N ; N ; N min V ; V ; V
Rd ,1 Rd ,2 Rd ,3 Rd ,1 Rd ,2
Rd ,3

V minV ; ; V V
j ,Rd Rd ,4 Rd ,9 Ed
If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd then
Nj ,Rd minNRd,4 ; ; NRd,7 1 NEd
2
2 VEd
1 6.2.10 EC.3
Vpl ,Rd

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 Connection Design 21

SPLICE CONNECTION Bracing

Shear resistance per shear plane Table 3.4:

v Afb fub
Fv,fb,Rd M2
v Awb fub
Fv,wb,Rd
0.75 1 L j 15 dfb 1.00 M2
200 dfb

v 0.6 for classes 8.8

v 0.5 for classes 10.9
Afb area of the flange bolts
Awb area of the web bolts
fub ultimate tensile strength
M2 1.25 safety factor

Bolt resistance of the beam flange:

Nf ,Rd,1 nfsp nfb Fv,fb,Rd

nfsp 1 for a single cover plate

nfsp number of flange shear plane
nfsp 2 for double cover plate

nfb number of flange bolts

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 Connection Design 22

Bearing resistance of the beam flange:

Nf ,Rd,2 nfb Fb,bf ,Rd

Bearing resistance in x direction:

bf kbf dfb tbf fu

Fb,bf ,Rd
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e1,bf p1,bf 1
bf min ; ; 1
3 d0,fb 3 d0,fb 4

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e p

kbf min 2.8 2,bf 1.7 ; 1.4 2,bf 1.7 ; 2.5

d0,fb d0,fb

dfb diameter of the flange bolt.

d0,fb hole diameter of the flange bolt.
tbf thickness of the beam flange.

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 Connection Design 23

Bearing resistance of the flange cover plates:

Nf ,Rd,3 nfb Fb,fcp,Rd

Bearing resistance in x direction:

fcp kfcp dfb nfsp tfcp fu

Fb,fcp,Rd
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e1,fcp p1,fcp 1
fcp min ; ; 1
3 d0,fb 3 d0,fb 4

p1,fcp p1,bf

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e2,fcp,min p
kfcp min 2.8 1.7 ; 1.4 2,fcp 1.7 ; 2.5
d0,fb d0,fb

p2,fcp p2,bf

e2,fcp,min min e2,fcp ; e2,fcp

tfcp thickness of a single flange cover plate.

Beam flange in tension (gross section):

Nf ,Rd,4
bbf tbf fy
M0

bbf flange width of the beam.

tbf thickness of the beam flange.

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 Connection Design 24

Beam flange in tension (net section):

0.9 bbf 2 d0,fb tbf fu

Nf ,Rd,5
M2

Flange cover plates in tension (gross section):

Nf ,Rd,6
b fcp
tfcp fy
for a single top flange cover plate
M0

Nf ,Rd,6 Nf ,Rd,6

2 bfcp tfcp fy for double flange cover plate
M0

bfcp top flange cover plate width.

bfcp bottom flange cover plate width.

Flange cover plates in tension (net section):

Nf ,Rd,7

0.9 bfcp 2 d0,fb tfcp fu for a single top flange cover plate
M2

Nf ,Rd,7 Nf ,Rd,7

0.9 2 bfcp 2 d0,fb tfcp fu
for double flange cover plate
M2

bfcp top flange cover plate width.

bfcp bottom flange cover plate width.

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 Connection Design 25

Beam flange in tension (Block tearing):

nt ,bf f
A nv,bf f
A y
Nf ,Rd,8 u

M2 3 M0

Net area subjected to tension:

nt,bf 2 e d t
A 2,bf 0,fb bf

Net area subjected to shear:

nv,bf 2 e n 1 p n 0.5 d t
A 1,bf b,h 1,bf b,h 0,fb bf

nb,h number of bolts in a single horizontal line.

Flange cover plates in tension (Block tearing):

nt ,fcp f
A nv,fcp f
A y
Nf ,Rd,9 u
for a single top flange cover plate
M2 3 M0

Ant ,fcp fu Anv,fcp fy

Nf ,Rd,9 Nf ,Rd,9 for double flange cover plate
M2 3 M0

nt ,fcp
A net area subjected to tension:
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 Connection Design 26

Net area subjected to tension:

nt,fcp p
A 2,fcp d0,fb tfcp

Ant ,fcp 2 e2,fcp d0,fb tfcp

Net area subjected to shear:

nv,fcp Anv,fcp 2 e n 1 p
1,fcp nb,h 0.5 d0,fb tfcp
A
1,fcp b,h

Joint flange resistance:

Nj ,f ,Rd minNf ,Rd,1;...; Nf ,Rd,9

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 Connection Design 27

Shear bolt resistance of the beam web:

Nw,Rd,1 2 nwb Fv,wb,Rd

nwsp number of web shear plane

nwb 2 number of web bolts

Bearing resistance of the beam web:

Nw,Rd,2 nwb Fb,wb,Rd

Bearing resistance in x direction:

bw kbw dwb tbw fu

Fb,bw,Rd
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e1,bw
p1,bw 1
bw min ; ; 1
3 d0,wb 3 d0,wb 4

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

p

kbw min 1.4 2,bw 1.7 ; 2.5

d0,wb

tbw thickness of the beam web.

dwb diameter of the web bolts.
d0,wb hole diameter of the web bolts.

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 Connection Design 28

Bearing resistance of the web cover plates:

Nw,Rd,3 nwb Fb,wcp,Rd

Bearing resistance in x direction:

wcp kwcp dwb 2 twcp fu

Fb,wcp,Rd
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e1,wcp p1,wcp 1
wcp min ; ; 1
3 d0,wb 3 d0,wb 4

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e p

kwcp min 2.8 2,wcp 1.7 ; 1.4 2,wcp 1.7 ; 2.5

d0,wb d0,wb

twcp thickness of a single web cover plate.

Cover plates in tension (gross section):

Nw,Rd,4

hwcp 2 twcp fy
M0

Cover plates in tension (net section):

Nw,Rd,5

0.9 hwcp nb,v d0,wb 2 twcp fu
M2

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 Connection Design 29

Beam web in tension (net section):

hwcp tbw fy
Nw,Rd,6
M0

hwcp height of the web cover plate (conservatively).

Beam web in tension (net section):

Nw,Rd,7

0.9 hwcp nb,v d0,wb tbw fu
M2

hwcp height of the web cover plate (conservatively).

Cover plates in tension (Block tearing):

nt ,wcp f
A nv,wcp f
A y
Nw,Rd,8 u

M2 3 M0

nt ,wcp
A net area subjected to tension:

nt,wcp n 1 p
A b,v 2,wcp nb,v 1 d0,wb 2 twcp

nv,wcp
A net area subjected to shear:

nv,wcp 2 e1,wcp n 1 p
A
b,h 1,wcp nb,h 0.5 d0,wb 2 twcp

nb,h number of bolts in a single horizontal line.
nb,v number of bolts in a single vertical line.

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 Connection Design 30

Beam web in tension (Block tearing):

nt ,bw f
A nv,bw f
A y
Nw,Rd,9 u

M2 3 M0

nt ,bw
A net area subjected to tension:

nt,bw n 1 p
2,bw nb,v 1 d0,wb tbw
A
b,v

nv,bw
A net area subjected to shear:

nv,bw 2 e n 1 p n 0.5 d t
A 1,bw b,h 1,bw b,h 0,wb bw

nb,h number of bolts in a single horizontal line.

nb,v number of bolts in a single vertical line.

Joint web resistance:

Nj ,w,Rd minNw,Rd,1;...; Nw,Rd,9

Joint resistance:

Nj ,Rd 2 Nj ,f ,Rd Nj ,w,Rd

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 Connection Design 31

SPLICE CONNECTION N+M+V

Shear resistance per shear plane Table 3.4:

v Afb fub
Fv,fb,Rd M2
v Awb fub
Fv,wb,Rd
0.75 1 L j 15 dfb 1.00 M2
200 dfb

v 0.6 for classes 8.8

v 0.5 for classes 10.9
Afb area of the flange bolts
Awb area of the web bolts
fub ultimate tensile strength
M2 1.25 safety factor

Bolt resistance of the beam flange:

FRd,1 nfsp nfb Fv,fb,Rd

nfsp 1 for a single cover plate

nfsp number of flange shear plane
nfsp 2 for double cover plate

nfb number of flange bolts

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 Connection Design 32

Bearing resistance of the beam flange:

FRd,2 nfb Fb,bf ,Rd

Bearing resistance in x direction:

bf kbf dfb tbf fu

Fb,bf ,Rd
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e1,bf
p1,bf 1
bf min ; ; 1
3 d0,fb 3 d0,fb 4

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e p

kbf min 2.8 2,bf 1.7 ; 1.4 2,bf 1.7 ; 2.5

d0,fb d0,fb

dfb diameter of the flange bolt.

d0,fb hole diameter of the flange bolt.
tbf thickness of the beam flange.

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 Connection Design 33

Bearing resistance of the flange cover plates:

FRd,3 nfb Fb,fcp,Rd

Bearing resistance in x direction:

fcp kfcp dfb nfsp tfcp fu

Fb,fcp,Rd
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e1,fcp p1,fcp 1
fcp min ; ; 1
3 d0,fb 3 d0,fb 4

p1,fcp p1,bf

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e2,fcp,min p
kfcp min 2.8 1.7 ; 1.4 2,fcp 1.7 ; 2.5
d0,fb d0,fb

p2,fcp p2,bf

e2,fcp,min min e2,fcp ; e2,fcp

tfcp thickness of a single flange cover plate.

Beam flange in tension (gross section):

FRd,4
bbf tbf fy
M0

bbf flange width of the beam.

tbf thickness of the beam flange.

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 Connection Design 34

Beam flange in tension (net section):

0.9 bbf 2 d0,fb tbf fu

FRd,5
M2

Flange cover plates in tension (gross section):

FRd,6
b fcp
tfcp fy
for a single top flange cover plate
M0

FRd,6 FRd,6

2 bfcp tfcp fy for double flange cover plate
M0

bfcp top flange cover plate width.

bfcp bottom flange cover plate width.

Flange cover plates in tension (net section):

FRd,7

0.9 bfcp 2 d0,fb tfcp fu for a single top flange cover plate
M2

FRd,7 FRd,7

0.9 2 bfcp 2 d0,fb tfcp fu
for double flange cover plate
M2

bfcp top flange cover plate width.

bfcp bottom flange cover plate width.

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

 Connection Design 35

Beam flange in tension (Block tearing):

Ant ,bf fu Anv,bf fy

FRd,8
M2 3 M0

Ant ,bf net area subjected to tension:

Ant,bf 2 e2,bf d0,fb tbf

Anv,bf net area subjected to shear:

Anv,bf 2 e1,bf nb,h 1 p1,bf nb,h 0.5 d0,fb tbf

nb,h number of bolts in a single horizontal line.

Flange cover plates in tension (Block tearing):

Ant ,fcp fu Anv,fcp fy

FRd,9 for a single top flange cover plate
M2 3 M0

Ant ,fcp fu Anv,fcp fy

FRd,9 FRd,9 for double flange cover plate
M2 3 M0

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 Connection Design 36

Ant ,fcp net area subjected to tension:

Ant,fcp p2,fcp d0,fb tfcp

Ant ,fcp 2 e2,fcp d0,fb tfcp

Anv,fcp net area subjected to shear:

Anv,fcp Anv,fcp 2 e1,fcp nb,h 1 p1,fcp nb,h 0.5 d0,fb tfcp

Joint flange resistance:

Fj ,f ,Rd minF1,Rd ;...; F9,Rd

Joint flange check:

MEd b t
Fbf ,Ed bf bf NEd Fj ,f ,Rd
hb tbf Ab

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 Connection Design 37

Shear bolt resistance of the beam web:

2 Fv,wb,Rd
VRd,1
2 2
1 e x 1 e y
x max x max
nwb Jb nwb tan Jb

ex eccentricity between the centroid of the bolts and the beam end.
nwb number of web bolts.
nwsp 2 number of web shear plane.

Shear force in y direction per shear plane due to external shear:

VEd
VyV,Ed
nwsp nwb

Shear force in y direction per shear plane due to torsion:

V e x
VyT,Ed Ed x max
nwsp Jb

Shear force in x direction per shear plane due to external in web axial force:

N Nw,Ed VEd
Vx ,Ed
w , Ed

nwsp nwb nwsp nwb tan

Ab 2 bbf tbf
Nw,Ed NEd
A b

arctan VEd
Nw,Ed

Shear force in x direction per shear plane due to torsion:

V e y
VxT,Ed Ed x max
nwsp Jb

Total shear force per shear plane due to shear, axial force and torsion:

2 2
R VEd 1 e x 1 e y
b n x max x max Fv,Rd
wsp nwb Jb nwb tan Jb

Jb xi
i
2
yi2
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 Connection Design 38

Shear bearing resistance of beam web Table 3.4:

1
VRd,2
2 2
1 ex xmax 1 ex ymax
n Jb n tan Jb
wb wb
Fy ,b,bw,Rd Fx ,b,bw,Rd

Bearing resistance in x direction:

x,bw kx,bw dwb tbw fu

Fx,b,bw,Rd
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e2,bw p2,bw 1
x,bw min ; ; 1
3 d0,wb 3 d0,wb 4

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

p

kx,bw min 1.4 1,bw 1.7 ; 2.5

d0,wb

Bearing resistance in y direction:

y ,bw ky ,bw dwb tbw fu

Fy ,b,bw,Rd
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

p1,bw 1
y ,bw min ; 1
3 d0,wb 4

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 Connection Design 39

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e p

ky ,bw min 2.8 2,bw 1.7 ; 1.4 2,bw 1.7 ; 2.5

d0,wb d0,wb

tbw thickness of the beam web.

dwb diameter of the web bolts.
d0,wb hole diameter of the web bolts.

Shear bearing resistance of the web cover plates Table 3.4:

1
VRd,3
2 2
1 ex xmax 1 ex ymax
n Jb n tan Jb
wb wb
Fy ,b,wcp,Rd Fx ,b,wcp,Rd

Bearing resistance in x direction:

x,wcp kx,wcp dwb 2 twcp fu

Fx,b,wcp,Rd
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e2,wcp p2,wcp 1
x,wcp min ; ; 1
3 d0,wb 3 d0,wb 4

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e p

kx,wcp min 2.8 1,wcp 1.7 ; 1.4 1,wcp 1.7 ; 2.5

d0,wb d0,wb

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 Connection Design 40

Bearing resistance in y direction:

y ,wcp ky ,wcp dwb 2 twcp fu

Fy ,b,wcp,Rd
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e1,wcp
p1,wcp 1
y ,wcp min ; ; 1
3 d0,wb 3 d0,wb 4

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e p

ky ,wcp min 2.8 2,wcp 1.7 ; 1.4 2,wcp 1.7 ; 2.5

d0,wb d0,wb

twcp thickness of a single web cover plate.

dwb diameter of the web bolts.
d0,wb hole diameter of the web bolts.

Cover plates in shear and tension (gross section):

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd then:

Vw,Rd,4

hwcp 2 twcp fy VEd
1.27 3 M0

Nw,Rd,1

hwcp 2 twcp fy Nw,Ed
Ab 2 bbf tbf
NEd
M0 Ab

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd then:

Vw,Rd,4

hwcp 2 twcp fy VEd
1.27 3 M0

Nw,Rd,1
1

hwcp 2 twcp fy 2 VEd
2
A 2 bbf tbf
1 Nw,Ed b NEd
M0 Vpl ,Rd
A b

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 Connection Design 41

Cover plates in shear and tension (net section):

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd then:

Vw,Rd,5
h wcp
nb,v d0 2 twcp fu VEd
3 M2

Nw,Rd,2

0.9 hwcp nb,v d0 2 twcp fu Nw,Ed
M2

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd then:

Vw,Rd,5
h wcp
nb,v d0 2 twcp fu VEd
3 M2

Nw,Rd,2

0.9 hwcp nb,v d0 2 twcp fu 2 VEd
1
2

1 Nw,Ed
M2 Vpl ,Rd

Beam web in shear and tension (net section):

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd then:

hwcp tbw fy
Vw,Rd,6 VEd
1.27 3 M0

hwcp tbw fy
Nw,Rd,3 Nw,Ed
M0

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd then:

hwcp tbw fy
Vw,Rd,6 VEd
1.27 3 M0

hwcp tbw fy 2 VEd

2

Nw,Rd,3 1 1 Nw,Ed
M0 Vpl ,Rd

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 Connection Design 42

Beam web in shear and tension (net section):

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd then:

Vw,Rd,7
h wcp
nb,v d0 tbw fu
VEd
3 M2

Nw,Rd,4

0.9 hwcp nb,v d0 tbw fu Nw,Ed
M2

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd then:

Vw,Rd,7
h wcp
nb,v d0 tbw fu
VEd
3 M2

Nw,Rd,4

0.9 hwcp nb,v d0 tbw fu 2 VEd
1
2

1 Nw,Ed
M2 Vpl ,Rd

Cover plates in shear and tension (block tearing):

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd then:

0.5 Ant ,wcp fu Anv,wcp fy

Vw,Rd,8 VEd
M2 3 M0

nt ,wcp f
A nv,wcp f
A y
Nw,Rd,5 u
Nw,Ed
M2 3 M0

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 Connection Design 43

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd then:

0.5 Ant ,wcp fu Anv,wcp fy

Vw,Rd,8 VEd
M2 3 M0

A nt ,wcp f A nv,wcp f 2 V
2

1 1 Nw,Ed
y
Nw,Rd,5 u
Ed

M2 3 M0 Vpl ,Rd

Ant ,wcp net area subjected to tension:

Ant,wcp e2,wcp nb,h 1 p2,wcp nb,h 0.5 d0,wb 2 twcp

Anv,wcp net area subjected to shear:

Anv,wcp hwcp e1,wcp nb,v 0.5 d0,wb 2 twcp

nt ,wcp
A net area subjected to tension:

nt,wcp n 1 p
A b,v 1,wcp nb,v 1 d0,wb 2 twcp

nv,wcp
A net area subjected to shear:

nv,wcp 2 e2,wcp n 1 p
A
b,h 2,wcp nb,h 0.5 d0,wb 2 twcp

nb,h number of bolts in a single horizontal line.
nb,v number of bolts in a single vertical line.

Beam web in shear and tension (block tearing):

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 Connection Design 44

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd then:

0.5 Ant ,bw fu Anv,bw fy

Vw,Rd,9 VEd
M2 3 M0

nt ,bw f
A nv,bw f
A y
Nw,Rd,6 u
Nw,Ed
M2 3 M0

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd then:

0.5 Ant ,bw fu Anv,bw fy

Vw,Rd,9 VEd
M2 3 M0

A nt ,bw f A nv,bw f 2 V
2

1 1 Nw,Ed
y
Nw,Rd,6 u
Ed

3 V
M2 M0
pl ,Rd

Ant ,bw net area subjected to tension:

Ant,bw e2,bw nb,h 1 p2,bw nb,h 0.5 d0,wb tbw

Anv,bw net area subjected to shear:

Anv,bw e1,bw nb,v 1 p1,bw nb,v 0.5 d0,wb tbw

nt ,bw
A net area subjected to tension:

nt,bw n 1 p n 1 d t
A b,v 1,bw b,v 0,wb bw

nv,bw
A net area subjected to shear:

2,bw nb,h 1 p2,bw nb,h 0.5 d0,wb tbw

nv,bw 2 e
A

nb,h number of bolts in a single horizontal line.

nb,v number of bolts in a single vertical line.

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 Connection Design 45

ANGLES CONNECTION Type A

Shear resistance per shear plane Table 3.4:

v As fub
Fv,Rd
M2

v 0.6 for classes 8.8

v 0.5 for classes 10.9
As area of the bolts
fub ultimate tensile strength
M2 1.25 safety factor

Shear bolt resistance 3.6.1:

n Fv,Rd
NRd,1
2 2
1 ey xmax

nb Jb

ey eccentricity between the centroid of the bolts and the angle centroid.
nb number of bolts.
n 1 for a single angle
n number of shear plane:
n 2 for double angles

Shear force in x direction per shear plane due to external axial force:

NEd
VxN,Ed
n nb

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 Connection Design 46

Shear force in y direction per shear plane due to torsion:

NEd ey xmax
VyT,Ed
n Jb

Total shear force per shear plane due to axial force and torsion:

2 2
N 1 e x
Rb Ed y max Fv,Rd
n nb Jb

Bolts polar moment calculated in the centroid of the bolts:

Jb xi2
i

Bearing angle resistance:

1
NRd,2
2 2
1 ey xmax
n Jb

b
Fx ,b,Rd Fy ,b,Rd

Bearing resistance in x direction:

x kx d n ta fu
Fx,b,Rd
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e1 p1 1
x min ; ; 1
3 d0 3 d0 4

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e
kx min 2.8 2 1.7 ; 2.5
d0

ta thickness of a single angle

n 1 for a single angle

n number of shear plane:
n 2 for double angles

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 Connection Design 47

Bearing resistance in y direction:

y ky d n ta fu
Fy ,b,Rd
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e2
y min ; 1
3 d0

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e p
ky min 2.8 1 1.7 ; 1.4 1 1.7 ; 2.5
d0 d0

ta thickness of a single angle

n 1 for a single angle

n number of shear plane:
n 2 for double angles

Bearing plate resistance:

1
NRd,3
2 2
1 ey xmax
n Jb

b
F x ,b,Rd F y ,b,Rd

Bearing resistance in x direction:

x k x d tp fu
F x ,b,Rd
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e1 p1 1
x min ; ; 1
3 d0 3 d0 4

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e2,min

k x min 2.8 1.7 ; 2.5

d0

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 Connection Design 48

tp thickness of the plate

Bearing resistance in y direction:

y ky d tp fu
Fy ,b,Rd
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e2,min

y min ; 1
3 d0

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e1 p

ky min 2.8 1.7 ; 1.4 1 1.7 ; 2.5

d0 d0

tp thickness of the plate

Single angle in tension (net section):

Angle with one single bolt:

2 e2 0.5 d0 ta fu
,4
NRd
M2

Angle with two bolts:

2 Aa d0 ta fu 2 0.4
p1 2.5 d0
,4
NRd
M2 2 0.7
p1 5.0 d0

Angle with three or more bolts:

3 Aa d0 ta fu 3 0.5
p1 2.5 d0
,4
NRd
M2 3 0.7
p1 5.0 d0

Aa area of a single angle

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 Connection Design 49

Double angle in tension (net section):

0.9 2 Aa d0 ta fu
NRd,4
M2

Angle in tension (gross section):

n Aa fy
NRd,5
M0

n 1 for a single angle

n
n 2 for double angles

Plate in tension (net section):

hp 2 p1 nb 1 tan 30

0.9 2 p1 nb 1 tan 30 d0 tp fu
NRd,6
M2

Plate in tension (gross section):

hp 2 p1 nb 1 tan 30

2 p1 nb 1 tan 30 tp fy
NRd,7
M0

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 Connection Design 50

Angle in shear and tension (block tearing):

nt f
0.5 A nv f
A y
NRd,8 u

M2 3 M0

nt
A net area subjected to tension:

nt n e d0 t
A 2 2 a

nv
A net area subjected to shear:

nv n e n 1 p n 0.5 d t
A 1 b 1 b 0 a

Joint flange resistance:

Nj ,Rd minNRd,1;...; NRd,8

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 Connection Design 51

ANGLES CONNECTION Type B

Shear resistance per shear plane Table 3.4:

v As fub
Fv,Rd
M2

v 0.6 for classes 8.8

v 0.5 for classes 10.9
As area of the bolts
fub ultimate tensile strength
M2 1.25 safety factor

Shear bolt resistance 3.6.1:

na Fv,Rd
NRd,1
2 2
1 ey xmax

nb,a Jb,a

ey eccentricity between the centroid of the bolts and the angle centroid.
nb,a number of bolts in a single angle.
na number of angles.

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 Connection Design 52

Bearing angle resistance:

na
NRd,2
2 2
1 ey xmax
n Jb

b,a
Fx ,b,Rd Fy ,b,Rd

Bearing resistance in x direction:

x kx d ta fu
Fx,b,Rd
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e1 p1 1
x min ; ; 1
3 d0 3 d0 4

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e
kx min 2.8 2 1.7 ; 2.5
d0

ta thickness of a single angle

Bearing resistance in y direction:

y ky d ta fu
Fy ,b,Rd
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e2
y min ; 1
3 d0

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e p
ky min 2.8 1 1.7 ; 1.4 1 1.7 ; 2.5
d0 d0

ta thickness of a single angle

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 Connection Design 53

Bearing plate resistance:

na
NRd,3
2 2
1 ey xmax
n Jb

b,a
F x ,b,Rd F y ,b,Rd

Bearing resistance in x direction:

x k x d tp fu
F x ,b,Rd
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e1
p1 1
x min ; ; 1
3 d0 3 d0 4

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e2,min

k x min 2.8 1.7 ; 2.5

d0

tp thickness of the plate

Bearing resistance in y direction:

y ky d tp fu
Fy ,b,Rd
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e2,min

y min ; 1
3 d0

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e1 p

ky min 2.8 1.7 ; 1.4 1 1.7 ; 2.5

d0 d0

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 Connection Design 54

Single angle in tension (net section):

Angle with one single bolt:

2 e2 0.5 d0 ta fu
,4
NRd
M2

Angle with two bolts:

2 Aa d0 ta fu 2 0.4
p1 2.5 d0
,4
NRd
M2 2 0.7
p1 5.0 d0

Angle with three or more bolts:

3 Aa d0 ta fu 3 0.5
p1 2.5 d0
,4
NRd
M2 3 0.7
p1 5.0 d0

Aa area of a single angle

Double angle in tension (net section):

0.9 2 Aa d0 ta fu
NRd,4
M2

Angle in tension (gross section):

na Aa fy
NRd,5
M0

Plate in tension (net section):

hp 2 p1 nb 1 tan 30

0.9 2 p1 nb 1 tan 30 d0 tp fu
NRd,6 na
M2

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 Connection Design 55

Plate in tension (gross section):

hp 2 p1 nb 1 tan 30

2 p1 nb 1 tan 30 tp fy
NRd,7 na
M0

Angle in shear and tension (block tearing):

0.5 A
nt f nv f
A y
NRd,8 na u

M2 3 M0

nt
A net area subjected to tension:

nt e d0 t
A 2 2 a

nv
A net area subjected to shear:

nv e n 1 p n 0.5 d t
A 1 b 1 b 0 a

Joint flange resistance:

Nj ,Rd minNRd,1;...; NRd,8

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 Connection Design 56

END PLATE CONNECTION

Shear resistance per shear plane Table 3.4:

v As fub
Fv,Rd
M2

v 0.6 for classes 8.8

v 0.5 for classes 10.9
As area of the bolts
fub ultimate tensile strength
M2 1.25 safety factor

Tension resistance Table 3.4:

0.9 As fub
Ft ,Rd
M2

As area of the bolts

fub ultimate tensile strength
M2 1.25 safety factor

Shear bolt resistance:

VRd,1 nb Fv,Rd

Tension bolt resistance:

NRd,1 nb Ft,Rd

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 Connection Design 57

Bolt in shear and tension check:

VEd NEd
1.00
VRd,1 1.4 NRd,1

End plate in bearing:

VRd,2 nb Fy ,b,Rd

Bearing resistance in y direction:

y ky d tp fu
Fy ,b,Rd
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e1 p1 1
y min ; ; 1
3 d0 3 d0 4

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e
ky min 2.8 2 1.7 ; 2.5
d0

Supporting member in bearing:

VRd,3 nb Fy ,b,Rd

Bearing resistance in y direction:

y ky d tcf ,s fu
Fy ,b,Rd for column flange tcf ,s : column flange thickness
M2
y ky d tcw,s fu
Fy ,b,Rd for column web tcw,s : column web thickness
M2
y ky d tbw,s fu
Fy ,b,Rd for beam web tbf ,s : supporting beam web thickness
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

p1 1
y min ; 1
3 d0 4
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 Connection Design 58

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e
ky min 2.8 2,c 1.7 ; 2.5 for column flange
d0

p
ky min 1.4 3 1.7 ; 2.5 for column web and beam web
d0

End plate in shear (gross section):

VRd,4 2
h p
tp fy
1.27 3 M0

End plate in shear (net section):

VRd,5 2
h p
d0 nb,v tp fu
3 M2

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 Connection Design 59

End plate in shear (block shear):

0.5 Ant fu A f
VRd,6 2 nv y
M2 3 M0

Ant net area subjected to tension:

d
Ant e2 0 tp
2

Anv net area subjected to shear:

Anv e1 nb,v 1 p1 nb,v 0.5 d0 tp

End plate in bending (in plane):

t h2
2 p p fy
6
VRd,7
s M0

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 Connection Design 60

Bending moment (in plane): MEd 0.5 VEd s

tp hp2 fy
Bending resistance: MRd
6 M0

Supported beam in shear:

0.9 twb hp fy
VRd,8
3 M0

tbw thickness of the supported beam

End plate in bending (out of plane):

NRd,2 min FT ,1,Rd ; FT ,2,Rd

Geometry definition:

p3 tbw 2 0.8 ag 2
m ag : throat thickness of the web fillet weld
2

n mine2 ; e2,c ; 1.25 m

Effective lengths for the end plate:

Leff ,1 2 m p1 2 nb,v 2 p1

2 2 m 0.625 e2 0.5 p1 nb,v 2 p1

Leff ,2 min
2 m p1 2 nb,v 2 p1

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 Connection Design 61

Plastic moment for the end plate:

0.25 Leff ,1 tp2 fy

Mpl ,1,Rd
M0

0.25 Leff ,2 tp2 fy

Mpl ,2,Rd
M0

Design resistance of a T stub flange:

4 Mpl,1,Rd
FT ,1,Rd
m

2 Mpl ,2,Rd n NRd,1

FT ,2,Rd
m n

Beam web in tension:

tbw hp fy
NRd,3
M0

hp height of the plate (conservatively).

Joint resistance:

Vpl,Rd design plastic resistance of the beam

Vj ,Rd minVRd,1;; VRd,8 VEd

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd then
Nj ,Rd minNRd,1;; NRd,3 NEd

Vj ,Rd minVRd,1; ; VRd,8 VEd

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd then Nj ,Rd minNRd,1; ; NRd,3 1 NEd
2
2 VEd
1 6.2.10 EC.3
Vpl ,Rd

End

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 Connection Design 62

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved