CHNG 4: TRM BIN P V MY BIN P

Hng Dn

Trm bin p m thit b ch yu ca n l my bin p,ng vai tr rt quan trng

trong h thng in. Vic la chn ng v tr t trm,s trm,s lng va cng sut
my bin p,la chn ng u phn p cng nh xc nh ng ch vn hnh kinh t
trm bin p s nng cao cc ch tiu kinh t- k thut khi thit k,vn hnh cc h thng
in.

1.Xc nhv tr t cc trm bin p trung gian,trm phn phi trung tm v trm
bin p phn phi:

V tr ti u t cc trm in k trn la trung tm ph ti ca khu vc m trm cn

cp in. Gi thit ca ph ti trong khu vc c cc ta , th in trng tm
ph ti c ta X,Y l M(X,Y) c xc nh theo cng thc :

=
, =
(6.1)

Trong : cng sut ca ph ti th i trong khu vc.

2.Xc nh s lng my bin p trong mt trm bin p:

S lng my bin p t trong mt trm ch yu ph thuc vo loi h tiu ca ph ti.

- Trm cp in cho h loi 1 cn t 2 my bin p;

- Trm cp in cho h loi 3 cn t 1 my;
- Trm cp in cho h loi 2 (cc x nghip sn xut hng tiu dng,siu th v.v..)
th xc nh s lng my bin p nh sau:
+ Nu c s liu v tn tht kinh t do mt in th s dng cng thc (2.3) (Z
= ( + ) . + . + )) quyt nh nn t 2 my hay 1 my bin p.
+ Hoc dng 1 bin p cng vi my pht in iezen d phng.

3.Xc nh cng sut my bin p:

*Vi bi ton li in (U110 kV), cc trm bin p u la trm bin p trung

gian, cn bit ph ti cc i v cc tiu phc v cho tnh ton cc ch
vn hnh v iu chnh in p. Ngoi ra mi trm bin p u cp in cho mt
vng kh ln, c c ph ti loi 1 va loi 3,kh m ct ph ti loi 3 khi xy ra
s c 1 my bin p trong trm 2 my, V th cng thc xc nh ph ti tnh
ton nh sau:
 - i vi trm 1 my:

- i vi trm 2 my:


1,4
Trong 1,4 l h s ph ti trong thi hn qu ti trong ph 5 ngy m,mi ngy qu
ti khng qu 6 gi.

Cng thc (6.1),(6.2) dng cho cc my sn xut ni a cng dng cho cc my ngoi
nhp nhit ha.Vi cc my ngoi nhp cha nhit i ha,cn phi hiu chnh nhit
,ngha l phi s dng cng thc sau:

- i vi trm 1 my:

(6.3)

- i vi trm 2 my:

(6.4)
1,4

Trong : - h s hiu chnh nhit ,k n s chnh lch nhit gia ni ch to

v ni s dng my:
1 0
= 1 (6.5)
100

Trong :

1 - nhit ni s dng my ;

0 - nhit ni ch to my;

V d vi my bin p do Nga ch to dng Vit Nam c:

0 = 50 (nhit trung bnh tai Matcova):

1 = +240 (nhit trung bnh ti H Ni):

24 5
= 1 = 0,81
100
*Vi li cung cp in (U 35kV), ch cn tnh ton ch cc i,theo cng sut
tnh ton xc nh c trc tip t ph ti. Mt khc,li cung cp in lm nhim v
cp in trc tip cho h tiu th nn bit chnh xc ph ti no quan trng khng c
php ct in, ph ti no km quan trng c th ngng cung cp in khi s c mt my
bin p chn bin p c hp l hn. Ngoi ra, cc bin p li cung cp in
thng dng hng ni a khng cn hiu chnh nhit .

Cng thc chn cng sut bin p cho trm 1 va 2 my nh sau:

- Vi trm 1 my:
= (6.5)
- Vi trm 2 my,cp cho ph ti 100% la loi 1:

+ khi 2 my lm vic : (6.6)
2

+ khi 1 my s c : (6.7)
1,4
Nhn thy ,trong trng hp ny kt qu chn theo (6.7) bao gi cng ln hn,nn
ch cn chn theo mt cng thc duy nht la 6.7.
- Vi trm 2 my cp cho ph ti loi 1,trong c % loi 3,khi 2 my lm vic
bnh thng chn theo (6.6),sau kim tra li iu kin s c 1 my,c ct ph
ti loi 3:
1 (1%)
= = (6.8)
1,4 1,4 1,14
Trong : cng sut phi cp ngay c khi s c 1 bin p, chnh l ph ti
loi 1 khng th ct in.

4.Xc nh ch vn hnh kinh t ca trm bin p :

Vi trm bin p t 2 my,khi bit c tr s ph ti m,min hoc bit th ph

ti ,ta cn xc nh ch vn hnh kinh t ca trm,ngha l vn hnh cc my
bin p sao cho tn tht in nng trong trm l nh nht.
Trnh t xc nh ch vn hnh kinh t ca trm nh sau:
- Xc nh - cng sut gii hn chuyn ch vn hnh trm t 2 my xung
1 my hoc ngc li:
20
= (6.9)

- Cn c vo , hoc vo tr s cc mc cng sut trn biu ph ti

quyt nh vn hnh kinh t trm:
+ Vi S > => trm vn hnh 2 my;
+ Vi S < => trm vn hnh 1 my.
 5.La chn u phn p

y l bi ton ca li in cn la chn c u phan p cho my bin p t

ti cc trm bin p trung gian nhm m bo in p vn hnh :cc i,cc tiu
va s c.
i vi trm c yu cu iu chnh in p khc thng , lch in p trn
thanh gp h p ca trm quy nh nh sau:

- Trong ch ph ti cc i: % =+5%
- Trong ch ph ti cc tiu: %=0% (6/10)
- Trong ch s c : %=0-5%
i vi trm c yu cu iu chnh thng, lch c p trn thanh gp h p
ca trm quy nh nh sau:
- Trong ch ph ti cc i: %+2,5%
- Trong ch ph ti cc tiu: %+7,5% (6.11)
- Trong ch s c: %+-2,5%
Trnh t chn u phn p nh sau:
Xc nh in p tnh ton ca u phn p ca my bin p ch cc i v
cc tiu :
.
= (6.12)

.
= (6.13)

T y xc nh u phn p trung bnh:

+
= (6.14)
2

Ri chn u phn p tiu chun ,sau xc nh in p thc hin trn

thanh gp h p ba ch :cc i,cc tiu,s c theo cng thc sau:
.
= (6.15)

.
= (6.16)

.
= (6.17)

 Cui cng kim tra lch in p ca thanh cc h p trong ba ch .Nu c ba
ch u tha mn iu kin (6.10) hoc (6.11) th chn my bin bnh thng
vi phn p tiu chun chn.Nu mt trong ba ch in p khng tha mn
th phi chn dng my bin p iu p di ti v tip tc chn ba u phn p
tiu chun cho ba ch vn hnh.
Cn lu l my bin p iu p di ti t gp khong 1,4 ln my bin p iu
chnh thng, cho nn ch khi khng chn c my bin p iu chnh thng
mi chn my bin p iu p di ti,C th nh sau:
Vi ph ti loi 1(khng cho php ct in ): Bt k yu cu iu chnh thng
hay khc thng.
- Nu chn c 1 u phn p c nh tha mn yu cu in p thanh ci h p
c ba ch ph ti th ch chn my bin p iu chnh thng.
- Nu khng chn c my bin p iu chnh thng,ngha l khng chn c
mt u phn p c nh tha mn c ba ch d in p th chn my bin p iu
chnh li in.
- Vi ph ti loi 3(cho php ct in khi cn thit),bt k yu cu in chnh in
p thng hay khc thng ch chn my bin p iu chnh thng.
- Nu chn c 1 u phn p c nh tha mn c 3 ch in p th tt nht
,khi mc d ph ti thng xuyn bin ng,my bin p vn lm vic lin
tc,khng cn ct in thay i nc iu chnh.
- Nu khng chn c 1u phn p c nh th vn dng my bin p thng.khi
phi chn ba u phn p tng ng vi ba ch in p.
Khi ph ti thay i (cc i ,cc tiu,s c) th phi ct bin ap ra khi li
thay i nt iu chnh,trm tm thi ngng cp in trong thi gian vi pht.

6. Chn cng sut bin p kt hp vi b cos:

Cc x nghip cng nghip nu c cos rt thp(0,5-0,7),ch cn hnh mt thi

gian ngn (vi thng ) th phi b cos theo yu cu ca in lc .Nu nh
chn bin p theo ph ti tnh ton cha b cng sut phn khng th cng sut
my s ln hn nhiu so vi cng sut my yu cu sau khi b. iu dn ti s
dng my km hiu qu kinh t do non ti(lm tng vn u t,cos thy,tn hao
khng ti ln).Ngay t u,vi s khng nh l th no cng s phi b,ta nn
chn bin p kt hp vi b cos ngay t u ta s chn c my bin p hp l.
Trc ht,cn c vo cng thc (3,8) tatinhs c tng cng sut Q cn b trong
x nghip nng cos1 ln cos2 .
= . (1 2 )
 Sau cng sut ca my bin p c chn theo cng thc :
- Vi trm 1 my:
( )2 + ( )2 (6.18)
- Vi trm 2 my:
( )2 +( )2
(6.19)
1,4

Nu x nghip (hoc phn xng) c h loi 3 ta cng xt h loi ba vi vic p

dng cc cng thc tng ng (6.6) v (6.7).

Bi 6.1

Mt khu cng nghip c ph ti tnh ton l 42000 kVA.Yu cu

la chn bin p cho trm bin p trung gian 110/22kV cp in cho
khu cng nghip. Khu cng nghip thuc h loi 1.

Gii

Khu cng nghip thuc h loi 1 nn phi t trm 2 my bin p.1. Dng my ni a do
ABB hoc Cng ty Thit b in ng Anh ch to:

42.000
= = 30.000
1,4 1,4
Chn dng my bin p 231.500 kVA- 110/22 kV

2. Dng my nhp t Nga:

42.000
= = 37.037
1,4 1,40,81

Chn my bin p do Nga ch to 2 40,500 110/22 kV

Bi 6.2:

Mt huyn thun nng gm 10 x c mt bng a l v ph ti tnh ton cho trn hnh

6.1.yu cu:

1. Xc nh v tr t trm bin p trung gian 110/10 kV cp in cho ton huyn:

2. La chn s lng, cng sut bin p t trong trm.
 Hnh 6.1. Mt bng a l cc x trong huyn v s liu ph ti

Gii

t h ta xoy trn hnh 6.1, xc nh c bng ghi ph ti v ta cc x trong

huyn.

1. Xc nh v tr t trm bin p trung gian

Tn x kVA x y
1 1500 15 42
2 1200 22 40
3 1400 30 38
4 1800 29 30
5 1250 10 28
6 2000 21 21
 7 1150 40 21
8 1450 10 15
9 1300 18 10
10 1750 31 12
Trng tm ph ti ton huyn M (X,Y):

X= = 22,7


Y= = 25,3

Vy v tr t trm bin p trung gian 110/10 kV cho huyn l im M (22,7;25,3).
Kho st thy v tr ny thun tin xy dng trm v nm trn bi t cao, rng
v ngay bn cnh ng lin huyn.
2. La chn bin p

Qua s liu c cung cp th y l huyn thun nng, khng c ph ti cng

nghip, khng c rm bm ln nn c th coi ph ti huyn l h loi 3, tm thi
ch cp in bng mt my bin p.

S dng my bin p 110/10 kV do Cng ty thit b in ng Anh ch to,

khng cn xt hiu chnh nhit .

Ph ti in ton huyn, vi h s ng thi = 0,7 l:

= = 0,7 14.800 = 10.360 kVA

Vy chn dng my bin p 12.500 kVA- 110/10 Kv

Bi 6.3

Nh my nhit in gm 2 t my pht in 100MW, cos= 0,85, in p 10,5 kV. Nh

my c nhim v cp in cho ph ti a phng 10kV c tr s cc i l 15 MAV, cc
tiu 11,25 MVA v ph ti 110kV, cng sut cn li s pht ln h thng 220kV. H
thng c cng sut v cng ln.

Yu cu la chn bin o cho nh my.

Gii

1. Chn cng sut my bin p

m bo tin cy cung cp in chn s lng my bin p l 2.

Chn s u dy: s b my pht my bin p.

 Chn chng loi my: v h thng c cng sut v cng ln, tin giao lu cng
sut gi 220 kV v 110 kV s dng my bin p t ngu.

2. Chn cng sut my bin p

Cng sut my bin p t ngu c chn theo cng thc:

1
= (6.20)

Trong :
h s c li ca my bin p t ngu:
220110
= = = 0,5
220

- cng sut tha, chnh l lng cng sut thot ra ca nh my sau khi
tr i cng sut t dung v cng sut ph ca ti a phng. xc nh cng
sut tha cn ly tr s ph ti a phng thp nht v cng sut t dung cao nht
ng vi ch pht 100% cng sut ca my pht:

=12 [ - 10,5 - ]
2100 2100
=12[ 11,25 6%( ) ] = 102,93 MVA
0,85 0,85
Chn dng my bin p t ngu cng sut 250 MVA 220/110/10,5 kV.

Bi 6.4
Nh my c kh nh c = 300 kVA, yu
cu la chn bin p cho trm bin p ca
nh my.

Gii

1. Chn s lng my bin p

 Nh my c kh nh ch thuc h
loi 2, ch nn t mt my bin p
vi ng dy cung cp l n, nu
c iu kin kinh ph th t thm my
pht d phng c b phn t ng ng
ct ngun d phng trong khon thi
gian nh trc (hnh 6.2).
hnh 6.2. S trm bin p
dnh cho ph ti loi 2
2. Chn cng sut my bin p

Vi trm mt my, cng sut bin

p c chn nh sau:

= 300 kVA

Chn my bin p cng sut 315 kVA.

Bi 6.5

Nh my luyn kim c cng sut 600 kVA. Yu cu la chn my bin p 10/0,4 kV

cho trm bin p ca nh my trong hai trng hp:

100% loi 1 v 40% loi 3.

Gii

1.Chn s lng my bin p

Nh my luyn kim thuc h loi 1, cn t 2 bin p cho trm bin nh my.

2.Chn cng sut my bin p

- Trng hp 100% ph ti loi 1.

- p dng cng thc (6.6), (6.7):
600
= = 300 kVA
2 2

600
= = 428 kVA
1,4 1,4

Trng hp ny chn 2 my bin p 500 kVA: 2 500 kVA- 10/0,4 kV.

- Trng hp nh my c 40% ph ti loi 3

p dng cng thc (6.6) v (6.8):

600
= = 300 kVA
2 2
60% 360
= = = 257 kVA
2 1,4 2

Cn c vo hai iu kin trn chn: 2 315 kVA 10/0,4 kV.

Nhn xt: nu kho st bit c trong ph ti loi 1 c mt s phn trm no h loi

ba, th khi s c bin p ta nn ct s phn tram loi ba i s chn c cng sut bin p
hp l hn, c th l gim vn u t v tang h s dn ti n lm gim tn hao khng
ta my bin p. C th vi bi ton trn:
600
= = = 0,6
2 1000

Nu ct 40% ph ti loi 3, ch cn chn 2 my 315 kVA, khi h s ti ca my bin

p khi hai my vn hnh bnh thng l:

600
= = 0,95
630

Bi 6.6

Mt siu th 2 tng, mi tng 750m2, tng di l siu th thc phm, tng trn l siu
th in my v hang gia dng.Yu cu la chn bin p cho trm bin p ca siu th
in p 22/0,4 kV.

Gii

Trc ht cn xc nh ph ti in ca siu th theo cng thc (4.42).Ly sut ph ti

vi tng 1 l Po =150 W/m2, tng 2 l Po =100 W/m2, xc nh c ph ti tnh ton ca
siu th l:

PST = PT1 +PT2 =150 x 750 + 100 x 750 = 187500 = 187,5 kW.

Ly cos = 0,8, ph ti tnh ton ton phn ca siu th:

187,5
SST = = = 234,375 kVA.
0,8
Siu th thuc h loi 2 thng c cp in bng trm bin p 1 my v mt my pht
iezeen d phng.

Vy chn dng 1 bin p 250 kVA -22/0,4 kV v mt my pht 250 kVA c aptomat
ni lin ng vi aptomat ca bin p (xem hnh 6.2).

Bi 6.7

X nghip c kh c ph ti in 425kW, cos =0,6. Yu cu chn mt bin p kt

hp vi t t b in pha thanh ci h p nng cos ln 0,9.

Gii

chn my bin p kt hp vi b t in nng cao cos ln 0,9, ta phi va chn

bin p va chn b t.

1. Chn bin p
Bin p s c chon j vi cng sut sau khi t b, ngha l vi cos =0,9. Ph
ti ton phn ca nh my:
425
Stt = = = 427 kVA.
0,9
Chn dng mt bin p cng sut 500 kVA.

2. Chn b t b
Tng cng sut phn khng cn b nng cao cos t 0,6 ln 0,9 l:
Qb = Ptt (tg1 tg2) =425(1,33 0,48) = 360 kVAr.
Chn dng 8 b t in 3 pha ca DEA YEONG dung lng 45 kVAr c cc
thong s k thut cho trong bng sau:
Loi t in Qb(kVAr) Um(v) Im(A) S pha S b t
DLE-4D 45 440 59,1 3 8
45K5T

Nh my nhit in gm 2 t my in 100MW ,cos = 0,85, in p 10,5 kV.

Nh my c nhim v cp in cho ph ti a phng 10 kV c tr s cc i l
15 MVA,cc tiu 11,25 MVA v ph ti 110 kV, cng sut cn li s pht ln h
thng 220 kV. H thng c cng sut v cng ln.

Yu cu la chn bin p cho nh my.

 BI 6.8
Mt nh my c kh trung quy m gm 9 phn xng c mt bng cho trn hnh
6.3. Ph ti tnh ton v c tnh ph ti cc phn xng cho trong bng km theo. Yu
cu la chn s lng, v tr v cng sut cc trm bin p phn xng; xc nh v tr
t trm bin p trung tm (TBATT) hoc trm phn phi trung tm (TPPTT) ca nh
my.
Bng ph ti tnh ton cc phn xng

S % ph
STT Tn phn xng SBl kVA COS(p Loi h
ti loi 3
1 Phn xng c kh s 1 1380 0,6 1 20%
2 Phn xng c kh s 2 1050 0,6 1 20%
3 Phn xng c kh s 3 1300 0,6 1 20%
4 Phn xng c kh s 4 1200 0,6 1 20%
5 Phn xng lp rp 1100 0,6 1 30%
6 Phn xng nhit luyn 1250 0,9 1 0%

7 Phn xng SCCK 250 0,6 3 100%

8 Trm bm 160 0,8 1 0%
9 Nh hnh chnh 125 0,8 2 50%
Hnh 6.3.Mt bng nh my c kh trung quy m T l 1:2500

Gii
1. Chn s lng trm bin p phn xng
Cn c vo v tr cng sut tnh ton ca cc phn xng ta s t 6 trm bin p phn
xng:
Trm 1: Cp in cho phn xng c kh s 1
Trm 2: Cp in cho phn xng c kh s 2
Trm 3: Cp in cho phn xng c kh s 3
Trm 4: Cp in cho phn xng c kh s 4, trm bm v phn xng SCCK
Trm 5: Cp in cho phn xng lp rp v nh hnh chnh
Trm 6: Cp in cho phn xng nhit luyn.

2. La chn v tr t cc trm bin p phn xng ( TBAPX)

V tr ti u t TBAPX l trng tm ph ti ca phn xng
- Vi trm cp in cho 1 phn xng th trng tm ph ti chnh l tm hnh hc ca
phn xng ( ta coi nh ph ti phn b u trong phn xng). Tuy nhin trong phn
xng t y my mc do yu cu thit k cng ngh, ta phi dch chuyn v tr t
trm ra v tr thun li ln cn trng tm ph ti, chnh l v tr t k phn xng
pha ngoi tng phn xng gn tm hnh hc phn xng nht ( xem hnh 6.4 cc trm
B1, B2, B3, B6)
- Vi TBAPX cp in cho 2,3 phn xng th v tr t trm ti u l trng tm ph ti
ca 2,3 phn xng . Tuy nhin v tr ny s nm ra ngoi khong trng, c th gy cn
tr giao thng hoc lm mt m quan cng nghip, v tr thch hp trong trng hp ny
l t trm k vi phn xng c cng sut tnh ton ln nht dch gn v pha cc phn
xng cn li ( xem hnh 6.4, cc trm B4, B5).
3. La chn cng sut my bin p trong cc TBAPX
- Trm B1, V phn xng c kh s 1 thuc h loi 1 nn phi t 2 my. Phn xng c
20% ph ti loi 3, trng hp 1 my bin p s c ta s ct 20% loi 3 i, ch cn phi
cp in cho 80% ph ti loi 1. p dng cng thc ( 6.6) v (6.8) tnh c:
S tt 1380
S dmb 690kVA
2 2
S 80%Stt 0,8 1380
S dmb sc 788kVA
1,4 1,4 1,4

Vy ti trm B1 t 2 my bin p 800 kVA.

- Trm B2. Tng t trm B1
S tt 1050
- S dmb 525kVA
2 2
S 80%S tt 0,8 1050
- S dmb sc 600kVA
1,4 1,4 1,4
Vy ti trm B3 t 2 my bin p 800 kVA.
- Trm B4. Trm ny cp in cho 3 phn xng (phn xng c kh s 4, trm bm
v phn xng sa cha c kh):
S4 = 1200 kVA, cos = 0,6 S4 = 720 + j 960 kVA
SB = 160 kVA, cos = 0,8 SB = 144 + j 96 kVA
Ssch = 250 kVA, cos = 0,6 SSc = 150 + j 200kVA
Ph ti tnh ton ca c 3 phn xng tc l ph ti ca trm B4
l:
SB4= (720 + 144 + 150) 2 + (960 + 96 + 200) 2 = 1614 kVA.
Khi 1 bin p s c ta s ct 20% ph ti loi 3 ca phn xng c kh s 4, ct
ton b ph ti ca phn xng sa cha c kh. Khi cng sut cn cp l:
Ssc=0,8S4+ SB.
= 0,8 (720 + j 960) + (144 + j96) = 720+ j 864 kVA.
S s c = (720 2 + 864 2 1125kVA

T cc s liu SB4 v s s c tnh c:

 S tt 1614
S dmb 807kVA
2 2
S sc 1125
S dmb 803kVA
1,4 1,4

Vy ti trm B4 t 2 my 850 kVA.

- Trm B5 : Trm B5 cp in cho phn xng lp rp v nh hnh chnh:
Sb5=S5 + SHC
S5 = 1100 kVA, cos = 0,6 S5 = 660 + J 880 kVA
SHC = 125 kVA, cos = 0,8 SHC = 100 + J 75 kVA
SB5 = S5 + SHC = 760 + j 955 kVA
SB5 = 760 2 + 9952 = 1220 kVA.
Khi mt my bin p s c, ta s ct 20% ph ti ca phn xng lp rp v 50%
ca nh hnh chnh:
Ssc = 0,8S5+ 0 ,5 SHC= 0,8 (660 + j 880) + 0,5 (100 + j 75)
= 678 + j 741,5 kVA
Ssc = 678 2 + 741,5 2 = 1004 kVA
p dng cc cng thc quen thuc,tnhc:
1220
S dmb 610kVA
2
1004
S dmb 717kVA
1,4
Vy ti trm B5 t 2 my 800 kVA.
- Trm B6.Trm ny ch cp in cho phn xng nhit luyn, phn xng ny
100% loi IF, ngha l Ssc = Stt. p dng cng thc (6.6) v (6.7).
S tt 1250
S dmb 625kVA
2 2
S 1250
S dmb sc 893kVA
1,4 1,4

Vy ti trm B6 t 2 my bin p 1000 kVA.

Kt qu chn my bin p cho cc TBAPX ghi trong bng tng kt sau y, v tr
t cc TBAPX xem hnh 6.4.

Bng kt qu chn my bin p cho cc TBAPX

STT Tn phn Stt, kVA Ssc, kVA Sdmb, S my Tn trm

xng kVA
1 PX c kh 1380 1104 800 2 B1
s 1
2 PX c kh 1050 840 630 2 B2
s 2
3 PX c kh 1325 1060 800 2 B3
s 3
4 PX c kh 1502 1110 800 2 B5
s 4
7 PX
SCCK
8 Trm
bm
5 PX lp 1220 1004 800 2 B6
rp
9 Nh hnh
chnh
6 PX nhit 1250 1250 1000 2 B6
luyn

Hnh 6.4.V tr t cc TBAPX trn mt bng nh my.

4. V tr t cc TBAPX
V v tr t cc trm bin p phn xng cn lu l v tr ti u t cc TBAPX l
trng tm ph ti.
- Vi trm cp in cho mt phn xng th trng tm ph ti chnh l trng tm hnh
hc ca phn xng, tc l nm gia phn xng. Tuy nhin trong phn xng t
my theo thit k dy chuyn cng ngh, ta s t cc tm k vo tng phn xng gn
trng tm ph ti ( cc trm B1, B2, B3, B6)
- Vi cc trm cp in 2,3 phn xng, tm ph ti s nm trn ng ni trng tm
hnh hc cc phn xng. Tuy nhin, m bo m quan v khng nh hng n giao
thng, ta cng t k vi phn xng c ph ti ln nht dch v pha cc phn xng
cn li ( trm B4, B5)
5. V tr t TBATT ( hoc TPPTT) ca nh my
V tr ti u t TBATT ( hoc TPPTT) ca nh my l trng tm ph ti ca ton nh
my M ( X,Y);
xc nh M ( X,Y) ta thnh lp h ta nhm trn hnh 6.4, sau xc nh ta
ca 9 phn xng, cui cng vi cc ta ca tng phn xng v ph ti tnh ton
bit ca tng phn xng xc nh c ta ca im M ( X,Y):

X
X S i i

2.1380 5.1050 8,5.1300 ...
9,6
S i 6538

Y
Y S
i i

3,2.1380 3,2.1050 2.1300 ...
7,1
S i 6538

Vy v tr ti u t TBATT ( hoc TPPTT) l M (9,6;7,1)

BI 6.9
Trm bin p trung gian t hai my bin p 25.000 kVA 110/11 kV iu chnh in p
di ti c s u phn p l 9 x 1,78%. Yu cu la chn loi my v u phn p cho
my bin p, bit rng:
- Ph ti ca trm bin p thuc h loai 1.
- Yu cu iu chnh in p khc thng.
- in p ti thanh ci h p quy i v cao p tng ng vi ba ch ph ti cc
i, cc tiu, s c l:
U H m a x = 115,933 kV; U H mi n =
111,411 kV: ' U H s c = 113,521
kV.

Gii

V trm yu cu iu chnh in p khc thng, vic la chn u phn p my

bin p phi m bo tiu chun quy nh (6.10).
 U H ma x yc = 10,5 UHm = 10,5 kV; U H mi n yc =
UHdm = 10 kV;
U H s c yc = UHdm + 1,05 UHdm= 1 0 + 1 5 kV.
Trc ht, cn c vo cng thc (6.12) v (6.13) xc nh in p tnh ton ca u
phn p ch cc i v cc tiu:

U ' H max .U Hdm 115,933 11

U pa max 121,454kV
U H max yc 10,5

U ' H min .U Hdm 115,933 11

U pa min 122,552kV
U H min yc 10,5

115,521 11
U pasc 118,926kV
10,5

u phn p tnh ton trung bnh:

U pa max U pamn 121,454 122,552

U patb 122,0kV
2 2

Chn u phn p gn nht l u n = 3.

Vi n = 3 Upatc = 115 kV + 3 x1,78%. 115=121,141 kV

Vi u phn p tiu chu n chn. tnh c in p thc ti thanh ci

h p trong ba ch ph ti theo (6.15) - (6.17):

U 'h max .U hdm 115,933.11

U h max 10,527kV
U patc 121,141

U 'h min .U hdm 111,411.11

U h min 10,116kV
U patc 121,141
U ' .U 113,521.11
U hsc hsc hdm 10,308kV
U patc 121,141
Kim tra li cc gi tr in p trn so vi lch tiu chun:
U 'max U H 10,527 10
U h max .100 .100 5,27%kV
UH 10
U' U H 10,116 10
U h min H min .100 .100 1,16%kV
UH 10
 U ' Hsc U H 10,308 10
U hmsc .100 .100 3,08%kV
UH 10
Nhn thy:
U h max ~ U h max yc 5%
U h min > U h max yc 0%
U hsc U hscyc 0 5%
Nu khng yu cu tht chnh xc, chp nhn in p ti thanh ci h
p khi ph ti cc tiu ln hn 1,16% so v i yu cu th c the chn my
bin p thng vi u phn p c nh cho ba ch ph ti: Upatc -
121,14 kV, tc l t nc iu chnh n = 3.
Nu yu cu chnh xc cao phi chn my bin p iu p di ti vi
ba nc iu chnh cho ba ch ph ti nh sau:
- Ch ph ti cc i: n = 3 -> U p a t c = 121.141 kV;
- Ch ph ti cc tiu: n = 4 ->UpQtc= 123,19 kV;
- Ch s c: n=2-> U p n t c = 119,09 kV.
Tin hnh kim tra cc u phn p chn:

115,933.11
U h max 10,527kV
121,141
U ' U 10,527 10
U h max max H .100 .100 5,27%kV ~ U h max yc 5%
UH 10
111,411x11
U h min 9,948kV
123,19
9,948 10
U h min .100 0,52 U h min yc 0%
10
113,521.11
U hsc .100 10,486kV
119,09
10,486 10
U h max .100 4,86% U hscyc 0 5%
10
Kt lun: Chn dng my bin p iu p di ti vi ba u phn p nh trn l tha
mn.

BI 6.10

Trm bin p 110/10kV cp in cho ph ti loi 3,yu cu iu chnh in p

thng.in p chnh xc ca cc thanh ci h p trm quy v cao p tng i vi ba
ch ph ti l:
'
U H max
=102,53 kV;
 '
U H min
=104,53 kV;

'
U Hsc
=98,47 kV

Yu cu la chn loi my v u phn p.

Gii:

V trm yu cu iu chnh p thng.Vic chn u phn p my bin p phi m bo

tiu chun quy nh(6.11).

U H max yc
% +2,5% U H max yc 10,25 kV;

U H min yc
% +7,5% U H min yc 10,75 kV;

U Hscyc
% -2,5% U Hscyc 9,75 kV.

Trc ht,cn c vo cng thc (6.11) v (6.13) xc nh in p tnh ton ca cc u

phn p tng ng vi ba ch ph ti:

102,53.10,5
U pa max
== = 105,03 kV.
10,25

'

=U
.U H min Hdm 102,53.10,5
U pamix
= = 102,1 kV.1
U H min yc
10,75

'

=U U
. Hsc Hdm 98,47.10,5
U pacs
= = 106,04 kV.
U Hscyc
9,75

u phn p trung bnh:

U pa max
U pa min
U patb
= = 103,565 kV.
2

My bin p iu chnh thng c 5 u phn p 0, 2,5% , 5% .

Nhn vo tr s ca cc u phn p nhn thy,nu chn loi my bin p 115/10,5kV

nh trn(U c 115kV;U Hdm 10,5kV ) th khng c u phn p no tha mn yu cu
iu chnh in p. trm ny ta cn chn loi bin p iu chnh thng c in p nh
mc 110/10,5kV.

Chn u phn p tiu chun m= -2 U patc =104,5 kV.

Kim tra u phn p chn cho ba ch in p:

'

=U H max
.U Hdm 102,53.10,5
U H max
U patc
=
104,5
=10,302 kV;

'

=U H min
.U Hdm 98,47.10,5
U H min
U
=
104,5
=,503 kV;
patc

'
U .U Hsc Hdm 98,47.10,5
U Hsc = U =
104,5
=9,8942 kV.
patc

Kim tra li theo tiu chun (6.11):

'
10,302 10
%= U
.U
U H max yc
H max Hdm
= .100 =3,02 %
U H max yc
10

'
10,503 10
%= U
.U
U H min yc
H min Hdm
= .100 = 5,03 %
U H min yc
10

'
9,894 10
%= U U
.
U Hscyc
Hsc Hdm
= .100 = -1,06 %
U Hscyc
10

Nhn xt:

U H max yc
% = 3,02% > +2,5 %

U H min yc
% =5,03% < +7,5 %

U H min yc
% = -10,06% > -2,5 %

Chn my bin p iu chnh thng vi u phn p c nh n= -2 l tha mn.

BI 6.11

Trm bin p trung gian t mt bin p 10.000kVA -115/11kV cp in cho h loi

3,yu cu iu chnh in p thng.in p chnh xc ca thanh ci h p trm quy v
cao p ba ch ph ti l:
'
U H max
= 112,25 kV;

'
U H min
= 110,75 kV;

'
U Hsc
= 101,37 kV

Yu cu la chn u phn p cho my bin p.

Gii:

V trm yu cu iu chnh in p thng, vic chn u phn p phi tha mn quy

nh(6.11):

U H max yc
% +2,5% U H max yc 10,25 kV;

U H min yc
% +7,5% U H min yc 10,75 kV;

U Hscyc
% -2,5% U Hscyc 9,75 kV.

Cn c vo ca bin p l 11k,p dng cng thc (6.12),(6.13) tnh c:

'

=U
.U H max Hdm 112,25.11
U pa max
= = 120,46 kV;
U H max yc
10,25

'

=U
.U
H min Hdm 110,75.11
U pamix
= = 113,32 kV;
U H min yc
10,75

120,46 113,32
U patb
= =116,89 kV.
2

My bin p thng c c 5 u phn p tc l c cc nc:

n = -2 U pa2 = 109,25 kV;

n = -1 U pa 1 =112,125 kV;

n = 0 U pa0 =115 kV;

n = +1 U pa1 =117,875 kV;

n = +2 U pa2 =120,75 kV.

Chn u phn p gn nht U pa2 = 117,875 kV = U patc .

Kim tra u phn p chn vi 3 ch in p.

'

=U H max
.U Hdm 112,25.11
U H max
U patc
=
117,875
= 10,479kV;

'

=U H min
.U Hdm 110,75.11
U H min
U
=
117,875
= 10,335 kV;
patc

'
U .U Hsc Hdm 101,37.11
U Hsc = U =
117,875
= 9,459 kV.
patc

lnh in p ti thanh ci h p ng vi 3 ch ph ti:

U Hdm 10,479 10
U H max
%= U H max .100= .100 = 4,79 %
U 10

U H min U Hdm 10,335 10

U H min %= = .100 = 3,35 %
U 10

U H 9,459 10
U Hsc
%= U Hsc = = - 5,41 %
U Hsc
10

So snh tiu chun (6.11).

U H max
% = 4,79 % > +2,5% t yu cu
U H min
% = 3,35 % < + 7,5% t yu cu

U Hsc
% = -5,41 % < -2,5% khng t yu cu

ch s c phi chn n= -1, ngha l chn u phn p:

U patc
= 112,125 kV.Khi :

'
U .U Hsc Hdm 101,37.11
U Hsc = U =
112,125
= 9,944 kV
patc

U Hdm 9,944 10
U Hsc
%= U Hsc = .100 = -0,56% > -2,5%.
U H
10

Kt lun: Qua tnh ton ta quyt nh chn u phn p cho my bin p nh sau:

-Trong ch cc i, cc tiu chn chung 1 u phn p 117,875kV.

-Trong ch s c chn u phn p 112,125kV.

Vn s dng my bin p iu chnh thng, khi chuyn nc s ct ti(v h loi 3 cho

php ct in khi cn thit).