CHAPTER IV

DATA PRESENTATION AND DATA ANALYSIS

4.1 The Description of the Data

The data described were based on the research that had been conducted at the

State Junior High School 1 Siak Hulu. This chapter describes the data of the

correlation between students reading for pleasure habit and students ability in

writing descriptive text. Two variables were involved in this "research; the first

was students reading for pleasure habit symbolized by X, and the second was

the students writing ability on descriptive text symbolized by Y. Studentss

reading for pleasure habit as independent variable was investigated by using

questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of 25 items which the students were

required to respond the statements by using likert scale. Besides, the students

writing ability as the dependent variable was investigated by using writing test.

4.2 Data Presentation

There were two instruments that used in this research. They were

questionnaire and writing test. Each instrument was used in the variable which

had determined. They were students reading pleasure and their writing ability.

The following is the data presentation of this research.

4.2.1 Data Presentation of Students reading pleasures Habit

In getting the data of reading pleasure habit from the eight-grade students

of State Junior High School 1 Siak Hulu, the researcher used questionnaire.

Thus, the total numbers of the items of the questionnaire were 25 items. The

following is the description table:

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Table IV.1
Students Reading Pleasure Habit
No Name Score Category
1 Student 1 62 Medium
2 Student 2 66 Medium
3 Student 3 61 Medium
4 Student 4 76 High
5 Student 5 71 High
6 Student 6 62 Medium
7 Student 7 64 Medium
8 Student 8 67 Medium
9 Student 9 66 Medium
10 Student 10 70 High
11 Student 11 86 High
12 Student 12 70 High
13 Student 13 73 High
14 Student 14 68 High
15 Student 15 71 High
16 Student 16 73 High
17 Student 17 79 High
18 Student 18 77 High
19 Student 19 61 Medium
20 Student 20 73 High
21 Student 21 88 High
22 Student 22 82 High
23 Student 23 81 High
24 Student 24 66 Medium
25 Student 25 71 High
26 Student 26 80 High
27 Student 27 75 High
28 Student 28 74 High
29 Student 29 69 High
30 Student 30 74 High
31 Student 31 79 High
32 Student 32 78 High
33 Student 33 66 Medium
34 Student 34 67 Medium
35 Student 35 75 High
36 Student 36 72 High
37 Student 37 74 High
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Based on the table above, from 37 students of State Junior High School 1

Siak Hulu there are 11 (30%) students have medium reading pleasure, and 26

(70%) students have high reading pleasure.

4.2.2 Data Presentation of Students Writing Ability

Based to the students writing ability obtained from writing test, the
followings are presentation of students writing ability:
Table IV.33
Students Writing Ability

No Name Score Category

1 Student 1 62 Enough
2 Student 2 59 Enough
3 Student 3 52 Less
4 Student 4 61 Enough
5 Student 5 51 Less
6 Student 6 63 Enough
7 Student 7 67 Enough
8 Student 8 52 Less
9 Student 9 55 Less
10 Student 10 66 Enough
11 Student 11 64 Enough
12 Student 12 72 Good
13 Student 13 66 Enough
14 Student 14 58 Enough
15 Student 15 67 Enough
16 Student 16 72 Good
17 Student 17 68 Enough
18 Student 18 69 Enough
19 Student 19 72 Good
20 Student 20 70 Enough
21 Student 21 75 Good
22 Student 22 65 Enough
23 Student 23 59 Enough
24 Student 24 55 Less
25 Student 25 70 Enough
26 Student 26 62 Enough
27 Student 27 58 Enough
28 Student 28 68 Enough
29 Student 39 60 Enough
30 Student 30 81 Good
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31 Student 31 64 Enough
32 Student 32 67 Enough
33 Student 33 63 Enough
34 Student 34 65 Enough
35 Student 35 65 Enough
36 Student 36 69 Enough
37 Student 37 72 Good
Total 3749
Mean 73.51
In line with the table above, from 37 eight-grade students of State Junior

High School 1 Siak Hulu there are 5 students have less writing ability, 26

students have enough writing ability and 6 students have good writing ability.

4.3 Data Analysis

In analyzing the data, the researcher did three kinds of analysis; analysis for

students reading pleasure habit, analysis for students writing ability, and analysis

for correlation between those two variables. In analyzing the students reading

pleasure and writing ability, the researcher used Cross-tabulation formula in SPSS

23.0 versions to find out the categories of learning style and Writing ability.

On the other hand, the researcher used Chi Square test for independence to

find out the correlation between those two variables. It is because the data of the

two variables above were in nominal form. The chi-square statistic is usually used

with nominal data (Cohen, 2007 & Pallant, 2010). The researcher analyzed it

statistically using SPSS 23.0 version.

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4.3.1 Data Analysis of Correlation between Students reading pleasure

habit and Writing ability

4.3.1.1 Hypothesis

The procedure of inferential statistics began with the statistical

test on the following hypothesis:

4.3.1.1.1 Ho : There is no significant correlation between

students reading pleasure habit and their Writing ability of

the Eight-grade students of State Junior High School 1 Siak

Hulu.

4.3.1.1.2 Ha : There is a significant correlation between students

reading pleasure habit and their Writing ability of the Eight-

grade students of State Junior High School 1 Siak Hulu.

Pallant (2005) stated that if the significance 2-tailed value is

bigger than 0.05 (p>0.05) this indicates that there is no violation of the

assumption of equality of variance and that equal variances are

assumed for the variable concerned. Then, if the significance 2-tailed

value is smaller than 0.05 (p<0.05) this indicates that there is violation

of the assumption of equality of variance and that equal variances are

assumed for the variable concerned.

Chi Square test was conducted to determine whether there is

significant correlation between learning style and their Writing ability

at eight-grade students of Junior High School 5 Tapung. In analyzing

the data, the researcher did some steps as follows:

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4.3.1.2 Cross-tabulation Analysis

The researcher analyzed the data of learning style and

achievement using Cross tabulation formula in SPSS. This formula is

used in order to find out how many visual, auditory, and kinesthetic

students that have medium, high, and very high score. Below is the

table of Cross tabulation between Learning Style and Writing ability;

Table IV.35
Reading Pleasure Habit* Writing Ability Crosstabulation
Writing Ability
Enoug Total
Less Good
h
Count 4 6 1 11
% within Reading 36,4 100,0
54,5% 9,1%
Pleasure % %
Medi
% within Writing 80,0
um 23,1% 16,7% 29,7%
Ability %
10,8
Reading % of Total 16,2% 2,7% 29,7%
%
Pleasure
Count 1 20 5 26
% within Reading 100,0
3,8% 76,9% 19,2%
Pleasure %
High
% within Writing 20,0
76,9% 83,3% 70,3%
Ability %
% of Total 2,7% 54,1% 13,5% 70,3%
Count 5 26 6 37
% within Reading 13,5 100,0
70,3% 16,2%
Pleasure % %
Total % within Writing 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0
Ability % % % %
13,5 100,0
% of Total 70,3% 16,2%
% %
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Based on the table of analysis above, the first column shows that

there are 36.4% students who has medium reading pleasure

categorized into less level on their writing ability, 54.5% students

categorized into enough level on their writing ability and 9.1%

students categorized into good level on their writing ability. While the

second column shows that there are 3.8% students who has high

reading pleasure categorized into less level on their writing ability,

76.9% students categorized into enough level, and 19.2% categorized

into good level.

4.3.1.3 Chi Square Test of Independence

The researcher used the Chi square test for independence

formula to analyze the correlation between students reading pleasure

and their Writing ability. Below is the table of Chi square test;

Table IV.36
Chi-square Test
Asymptotic
Value df Significance
(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 7,089a 2 ,029
Likelihood Ratio 6,532 2 ,038
Linear-by-Linear
4,615 1 ,032
Association
N of Valid Cases 37
a. 4 cells (66,7%) have expected count less than 5. The
minimum expected count is 1,49.

Based on the table of Chi square test above, it can be seen that

the value of Sig. (2-sided) = 0.029 is lower than P= 0.05. The data is

significant at 0.05. So, it can be concluded that the data is correlated.

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4.3.1.4 Effect Size

In analyzing the correlation between students reading pleasure

and their writing ability, the researcher also found how much the

variable Y correlate to the variable Y. As Pallant (2010) pointed out

that if the table of chi square analysis is more than 2 by 2, it means that

the value to be reported to know the association between two variables

is the Cramers V value. The following is the table of effect size:

Table IV.37
Symmetric Measures
Approxim
ate
Value
Significan
ce
Nominal by Phi ,438 ,029
Nominal Cramer's V ,438 ,029
N of Valid Cases 37

Value Approx. Sig.

Nominal by Phi .500 .013
Nominal Cramer's V .353 .013
N of Valid Cases 51

Based on the table above, it is shown that the value of Cramers

V is 0.438. The result of R-1 or C-1 is equal to 2, so it can be concluded

that the Cramers V value is categorized into large effect. According to

Pallant (2010), the higher points indicate the higher association between

two variables. In other words, students reading pleasure Habit of State

Junior High School 1 Siak Hulu has a large association with their

writing ability.