Chapter 7

1. Stress affects the normal equilibrium of body function known as ______________

a) hypothalamus
b) parasympathetic
c) sympathetic
d) homeostasis

2. During stress, this system is activated allowing us to swim away from a shark.
a) voluntary muscle system
b) autonomic nervous system
c) neuroendocrine system
d) parasympathetic system

3. During stress, this part of the brain becomes activated causing the adrenal glands to release hormones
into the bloodstream.
a) hypothalamus
b) hippocampus
c) thalamus
d) brain stem

4. Which of the following is NOT an effect of glucocorticoid during acute/good stress:

a) increase in fine memory learning in the hippocampus
b) slows immune response
c) slows digestion and reproduction
d) raises blood pressure
e) mobilizes energy into the bloodstream

5. During good stress, the _____________________ part of the brain stimulates release of
_____________________ which enters the bloodstream to give more sugar and fat into the blood.
a) hippocampus, norephinephrine
b) hypothalamus, norephinephrine
c) hippocampus, glucocorticoid
d) hypothalamus, glucocorticoid

Chapter 8

6. Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of normal aging?

a) aging genes that get turned on
b) accumulation of DNA damage after a lifetime
c) immune system going awry
d) accumulation of oxidative damage
e) widespread neuron death

7. Name 1 brain disorder associated with aging. ____________________________

Chapter 9

8. Neuroscientists study fruit flies because

a) they want to learn more about the life cycle of fruit flies
b) they want to learn the genetics behind aggression
c) to study fruit fly flight
d) to determine if we can eliminate 1 species by bringing in another species

9. The study of electrical properties of neurons is called ___________________

a) electronic neurons
b) electrophysiology
c) action potential research
d) electrode research

Match the brain scan with the description. May use them more than once.

a) PET b) fMRI c) MRI d)EEG e) CT

_______ 10. functional magnetic resonance imaging

_______ 11. positron emission tomography

_______ 12. radioactivity is injected into the blood to measure an increase in blood flow to an area of the
brain that is hard at work.

_______ 13. provides 3-D high quality image of organs without X-rays using magnetic fields

_______ 14. electroencephalography

_______ 15. allows for radioactive labels for specific neurotransmitters

_______ 16. Used to record electrical activity in the brain

_______ 17. Cheaper and faster way to scan the brain to look for trauma

Chapter 10, 12, 13

a) Huntingtons Disease b) Schizophrenia c) Autism d) Alzheimer’s e) Parkinson’s

18. _________Uncontrolled movements, problems balancing, inability to walk, talk

or swallow, and possible dementia are symptoms of this disease.
 19. _________Psychotic episodes (including delusions and hallucinations),
disorganized speech and behavior, and isolation are common symptoms of this
disease

20. ________This disease is categorized by short term memory impairments,

confusion, language difficulties, and impaired motor activities

21. ________Death of dopamine producing cells cause this degenerative CNS disease

22. ________ characterized by impaired social skills and narrow obsessive interests
or repetitive behaviors

23. _________ hypothesized cause for this disease is neurofibrilary tangles and
amyloid plaques
24. _______ Motor evaluation would be effective in diagnosing these

25. _______ genes are responsible for these diseases

a) Multiple Sclerosis b) stroke c) EEG d) DNA test e) CT or MRI

26. ______ use this to distinguishe Huntington’s Disease from Parkinsons disease

27. ______ A CT and MRI of a patient with this disease would show a clogged blood
vessel or loss of brain tissue on one side

28. _______ use this to determine if a person has MS

29. ________ This is the most important test for diagnosing epilepsy

30. ________Destroyed oligodendrocytes play a role in the cause of this autoimmune

disease.

31. _______ Motor evaluation would be effective in diagnosing these

a) ADHD b) Down Syndrome c) Dyslexia d) hydrocephalus

32. _____ strong genetic influence genes involved in dopamine and norepinephrine
transmission affecting behavior creating problems in school, maintaining jobs etc.

33. ______ genetic disease that is not curable or drug treatable learning disability

34. ______ caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21

 35. ______ the accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles

36. Extreme nerve damage affecting all areas of the body from long term complications
of Type 1 and 2 Diabetes are caused by __________.
a) Diabetic Neuropathy
b) Diabetic Tolerance
c) Diabetic Tingling
d) Diabetic Beta

37. A DNA test for schizophrenia would show ______________.

a) no difference
b) mutation on chromosome 4
c) risk gene mutations, copy number variations (CNV)
d) mutation in HAND gene

38. Which of the following is NOT a symptom of a person with an addiction.

a) tolerance, dependence denial
b) positive demeanor
c) difficulty controlling addictive behavior,
d) liver problems

Chapter 13 and 14

Choose the disease that best describes the statement. They may be used more than once.

a) brain tumors b) multiple sclerosis c) neurological AIDS d) Traumatic Brain injury e) Pain

___________ 39. caused by the body’s immune system attacking and destroying the myelin sheath

___________ 40. treated with steroids to inhibit immune response or drugs to treat symptoms (pain,
fatigue, muscle stiffness)

___________ 41. cause severe headaches, seizures possible vomiting, and visual disturbances

___________ 42. symptoms with HAND range from mild difficulty with concentration to fatal dementia

___________ 43. treatments initially include removal of cerebrospinal fluid that surrounds the brain
and spinal cord and drugs to reduce cellular metabolism of injured tissue to
remove water and thus swelling

___________ 44. brain scans reveal scars or hardened patches of tissue

___________ 45. new potential therapies involved blocking specific ion channels that are only used
by nociceptors

___________ 46. usually diagnosed in individuals between the ages of 20 and 40

47. A CT scan for this disease reveals brain shrinkage

a) brain tumors
b) epilepsy
c) neurological aids
d) multiple sclerosis

a) Epilepsy b) Stroke c) anxiety disorders d) tourette syndrome e) biopolar disorder

_________48. reflex evaluation would be abnormal for this disease/disorder

_________ 49. there are 3 types. The cyclotomic form involves 2 phases: manic and depressive

_________ 50. repeated seizures

_________ 51. one form is PTSD caused by the continued high levels of norepinephrine even after the
event has passed

________ 52. inherited in males including motor and vocal tics that are repetitive and involuntary

Chapter 11

a) marijuana b) opiates c) psychostimulants d) club drugs e) alcohol

______53. inhibits GABA

______ 54. binds cannabinoid receptors

______ 55. increase dopamine in reward brain system

______ 56. relieves pain

______ 57. treatment includes vaccines to make antibodies to bind to drug to block it binding to receptors

______ 58. examples are Roofies, GHB, ketamine

______ 59. examples are cocaine, amphetamines and chrystal meth

______ 60. examples are morphine and heroine

______ 61. affects hippocampus and movement

______ 62. long-term changes in memory, pleasure and thought brain areas

______ 63. increase dopamine in brain area resulting in increase in motivation to take drug

______ 64. impairs migration of neurons during development

______ 65. high doses affect glutamate

66. ______the addicting substance in tobacco, acts through the well-known acetylcholine nicotinic
receptor.
a) nicotine
b) ketamine
c) opiate
d) dopamine

67. _______ is a fast-acting general anesthetic with hallucinogenic properties

a) nicotine
b) ketamine
c) opiate
d) dopamine

68. ______ turns on epinephrine for a sudden “kick”

a) nicotine
b) ketamine
c) opiate
d) dopamine

Chapter 15

a) trophic factors
b) antibodies
c) small molecules
d) interfering RNA
e) stem cells

______69. treatment for diseases with abnormal proteins to block the protein from being made by the cell
______70. an example is nerve growth factor that stimulated the regeneration of damaged neurons in
Alzheimers

______71. they control the development and survival of specific groups of neurons

______72. treatment for diseases with abnormal proteins to block the protein from interacting with its
receptor or from forming clumps with other abnormal proteins

______73. can be used to replace dying neurons or glial cells

______ 74. examples are anti-tumor drugs and antibiotics that are tested for efficacy by testing thousands
of molecules at once to see their affect on the cells that are affected by the disease

75. Scientists can deliver genes into cells to correct for diseases like Huntington’s that are caused by
genetic mutations. _______ are used to deliver the genes to cells.
a) viruses
b) bacteria
c) small molecules
d) trophic factors