2.

INTRODUCTION TO STATICS
Forces

Force is a vector quantity, it

must be specified in both;
• Magnitude
• Direction
Force systems

Coplanar system
The lines of action of all forces lie in a common plane.

Non-coplanar system

Concurrent system
The lines of action of all forces intersect at a common point.

Non-concurrent system
1. Coplanar concurrent force system
A concurrent coplanar force system is a
system of two or more forces whose lines of
action ALL intersect at a common point.

2. Coplanar parallel system

A parallel coplanar force system consists of
two or more forces whose lines of action are
ALL parallel.
3. Coplanar non-concurrent force system
This consists of a number of vectors that do
not meet at a single point and none of them
are parallel.
Resultant of forces
The combine effect of all forces acting on the body is known as
resultant force

Resultant of two orthogonal concurrent forces

Resultant of two concurrent forces
F2 sinα
F2

=>
α
F1
F1 + F2 cosα

Resultant of series of parallel forces

F1 F2 F3

A B
Moment of force
Equilibrium of force systems
Two forces

More than two forces

Centroid of shapes