PDVSA

ENGINEERING DESIGN MANUAL

VOLUME 8

ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION

PDVSA N° TITLE

EG–201–R DEAERATING HEATERS

0 MAR.87 FOR APPROVAL 9 J.S. J.G. A.O.

REV. DATE DESCRIPTION PAG. REV. APPD. APPD.

APPD.BY José Gilarranz DATE MAR.87 APPD.BY Antonio Ortiz DATE MAR.87

E PDVSA, 1983 ESPECIALISTAS

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Index
1 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.4 Regulatory Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.5 Units of Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2 REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2.2 Engineering Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3 SCOPE OF SUPPLY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
4 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
5 DESIGN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
6 CONSTRUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
6.7 Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
7 INSPECTION, TESTING AND APPROVAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
7.5 Performance Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
8 SURFACE PREPARATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
9 PACKAGING AND SHIPPING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
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1 GENERAL
1.1 This specification defines the requirements for the design, construction,
inspection, testing and supply of deaerating heaters.

1.2 This specification is supplemented by Data Sheets that supersede any conflict
with this specification.

1.3 This specification does not include accessory items such as control valves, safety
valves, vacuum breakers, thermometers, pressure gauges, gauge glasses and
other mechanical equipment normally furnished by the Seller of the deaerating
heater.

1.4 Regulatory Requirements

This specification requires compliance with all Venezuelan laws, standards and
regulations which may be applicable.

1.5 Units of Measurement

The Metric System of units shall be utilized for all documentation and drawings.

2 REFERENCES
2.1 The latest revision of the following codes, standards and specifications, including
applicable addenda, form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein.

ASME – American Society of Mechanical Engineers

Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
Section VIII Division 1, Pressure Vessels

ANSI – American National Standards Institute

B2.1 Threaded Connections
B16.5 Steel Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
B31.3 Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping

Heat Exchanger Institute

Standards and Typical Specification for Deaerators

ASTM – American Society for Testing and Materials

A36 Specification for Structural Steel
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A193 Specification for Alloy–Steel and

Stainless Steel Bolting Materials
for High Temperature Service.
A285 Specification for Pressure Vessel
Plates, Carbon Steel, Low and
Intermediate Tensile Strength
A312 Specification for Seamless and Welded
Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe
A15 Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates,
Carbon Steel, for Intermediate and Higher
Temperature Service.

2.2 Engineering Specifications

Painting Material & Application Requirements PDVSA O–201
Equipment Noise Control PDVSA SN–252

3 SCOPE OF SUPPLY
3.1 The Seller shall provide the following:

3.1.1 A complete unit comprising deaerating heater and storage section.

3.1.2 All interconnecting pipework and supports between the heater and storage
section.
3.1.3 All necessary internals, spray nozzles, baffles and vent valves.
3.1.4 Saddle supports for the storage section.
3.1.5 Insulation supports and clips.
3.1.6 Ladder and platform clips.
3.1.7 Lifting lugs for each shell.
3.1.8 Access door on heater and manhole on storage section.
3.1.9 Connections as noted on the Data Sheets.
3.1.10 Oxygen test kit.

3.2 The seller shall provide the following drawings and information:

3.2.1 Elevation, end view and plan drawing shall include, but not limited to the following:
a. All principal dimensions, including those required for Owner’s foundation,
piping, etc.
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b. List and description of all necessary equipment furnished.

c. Design conditions including design and hydrostatic test pressure, design
temperature, corrosion allowance, wind and/or earthquake loads.
d. Nozzle sizes, flange ratings and facing.
e. Instrument, vent and drain connections.
f. Materials of construction for all major parts.
g. Effective tube surface area, bare tube surface area, number of tubes.
h. Dry weight, wet weight, and bundle weight.
i. Exchanger size and type designation.
j. Exchanger service.
k. Loadings due to all conditions, dead loads, live loads, wind and/or
earthquake loads necessary for Owner to design supporting steel and/or
foundations.
l. Clearance to replace tubes.
m. Number and location of lifting lugs.
3.2.2 General notes including, but not limited, to the following:
a. Design specification used including PDVSA specifications and ASME Code.
b. Radiograph requirements.
c. Post weld heat treat requirements.
d. Surface preparation.
e. Paint.
3.2.3 Drawings certification.

3.3 Supply by Others

3.3.1 Fundations to suit Seller’s loading.

3.3.2 Foundation bolts.
3.3.3 Erection of the unit.
3.3.4 Insulation and insulation cladding.
3.3.5 Ladders and platforms.
3.3.6 Instruments and controls as noted on the Data Sheets.
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4 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
The deaerating heater shall be designed for the service conditions and with the
storage capacity as noted on the Data Sheets. Throughout the stated load range
found on he Data Sheets, the following guarantees shall be met:
4.1 Delivered water shall be heated to the full saturation temperature corresponding
to the steam pressure maintained in the dearator heater.

4.2 Oxygen content of the water shall not exceed 0,005 mol per liter as specified when
tested by the Schwartz–Gurney Modification of the Winkler Test.

4.3 The free carbon dioxide content of the water shall be 0 ppm when tested by the
alpha method.

4.4 The deaerator heater shall operate within the noise level limits of Enginering
Specification Equipment Noise Control, PDVSA SN–252.

5 DESIGN
5.1 The deaerating heater and tank shall be designed and fabricated in accordance
with the requirements of this specifications and the Data Sheets.

5.2 The deaerator shall be designed for safe and reliable operation under the
concurrent conditios specified in the Data Sheets as well as vacuum conditions
and meet the effluent quality requirement as specified for all loads from 5% up to
and including the specified maximum capacity. Steam flow to heater will be
available in sufficient quantity and at least at the pressure specified. Steam
entering the unit shall envelop the tray section completely and flow of water shall
be in a true countercurrent fashion.

5.3 Steam loss to the atmosphere shall not exceed 1% of the total steam
consumption.

5.4 A direct–contact vent condenser shall be furnished and designed so all

noncondensable gases are removed from the heater with a minimum loss of
steam to the atmosphere. Uncontrolled venting of steam from the direct–contact
condenser vent is not acceptable.

5.5 The non–deaerated feedwater shall not come in contact with any carbon steel
material.

5.6 Tray–type units shall have trays that are removable through access doors. Trays
shall be fabricated from 16 gauge stainless steel as a minimum. Tray sections
shall be bolted down in the heater section.
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5.7 The normal operating capacity of the water storage tank shall be as specified on
the Data Sheets.

5.8 Spray valves shall be the hydraulically balanced and non–clog type.

5.9 The deaerating storage section shall be provided with a davit supported, flanged
and bolted manhole cover located at one end of the tank.

5.10 The deaerating heater shall be provided with two support saddles (one fixed and
one sliding) designed to permit thermal expansion of the storage section shell.

5.11 Baffle plates shall be provided on the following inlets and outlets: steam inlet,
effluent outlet and equalizers.

5.12 Screens shall be provided on the feedwater outlets from the storage section.

5.13 Thermowells shall be located in the deaerator steam space and storage
compartment below the lowest operating levels. temperatures shall be indicated
in the manned control house, or temperature indicators shall be mounted
separately at grade near the unit, as specified.

5.14 A pressure gauge shall be located in the steam space of the deaerator.

5.15 Pressure relief valve shall be sized on basis of 100% cold makeup water at
10 °C (maximum steam demand). In addition to the pr valve, a separate nps 25
mm (1 inch) sentinel relief valve shall be provided to indicate overpressure.

5.16 Vacuum breakers shall be provided, desgned to prevent collapse of the

deaeration and storage section when steam flow is interrupted. Breakers shall be
full open at 0,84 KPa Hg vacuum.

5.17 Overflow control, consisting of a single–seated air operated control valve and
level controller shall be provided. The control valve shall open on pilot air failure.

5.18 A sample cooler shall be furnished at all sample outlet points for units operating
above 65 °C to cool the samples below 38 °C.

6 CONSTRUCTION
6.1 The deaerator vessels shall be all welded steel construction and shall be
designed, constructed, tested and code stamped per ASME Code Section VIII,
Division 1.

6.2 The minimum size flange connections shall be 1–1/2 inch. All connections larger
than 1–1/2 inch shall be flanged.
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6.3 Connections 1–1/2 inch and smaller may be made with forged steel couplings.

6.3.1 For 3/4 inch and 1 inch connections, couplings shall have a 422 kg/cm2 (6000 Psi.)
rating.
6.3.2 Couplings 1–1/2 inch shall have a 211 kg/cm2 (3000 Psi.) rating.

6.4 Bolt holes of bolted connections shall straddle the natural horizontal and vertical
centerlines.

6.5 A corrosion allowance of 3 mm (1/8 inch) shall be provided on the deaerator

shells.

6.6 No dissimilar metal welds are to be made in the field

6.7 Materials
6.7.1 The following materials satisfy the minimum requirements of the conditions
encountered in deaerating feedwater. If the manufacturer’s standard construction
utilizes materials of equal or superior quality, the manufacturer’s standard
construction will be acceptable.

Shell
Deaerating Section Carbon Steel ASTM A515 or ASTM A285
Shell Supports Carbon Steel ASTM A36
Water Distribution
Header Pipe Stainless Steel ASTM A312 Type 304
Spray Valves or Nozzless Stainless Steel ASTM A312 Type 316
Tray Section
Tray Material Stainless Steel ASTM A312 Type 430
Shrouds and Baffles Stainless Steel ASTM A312 Type 430
Internal Bolting Stainless Steel ASTM A193 Type 321
Water Inlet Pipe and Vent Condenser Stainless Steel ASTM A312 Type 304

6.7.2 All parts of the deaerator in contact with undeaerated water and vent gases shall
be constructed in stainless steel.

7 INSPECTION, TESTING AND APPROVAL

7.1 The Owner shall have the right to inspect materials and equipment to the extent
it considers desirable or necessary.
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7.2 The equipment shall be given requisite factory test as necessary to determine that
the workmanship and materials are free from mechanical defects and to establish
that the design and construction are satisfactory.

7.3 Seller shall be fully responsible for setting up and conducting hidrostatic and shop
tests of equipment to establish compliance with ASME Code, per this
specification. If no specifiic requirement is indicated by code, as to the hydrostatic
test lasting, the minimum of one hour shall be used as reference for same test
certification. Seller shall furnish certified reports showing results of all such tests.
Seller shall be responsible for proper protection of equipment to prevent damage
during testing and shall bear all repair or replacement cost of any item demaged
directly and/or indirectly as a result of test.

7.4 The equipment shall be shop–assembled and tested to the maximum extent
practical to minimize amount of on–site preparation and testing.

7.5 Performance Tests

7.5.1 Deaerating tank and heater unit performance tests will be performed by the Seller.
Owner will make all preparations, furnish all operating and testing personnel and
incur all expenses connected with such test.
Owner will give Seller at least 7 days notice of the date or dates on which tests
will be performed if Owner determines testing is required.
7.5.2 The equipment shall be considered as accepted as far as performance is
concerned, after tests have indicated that the magnitude of all specific guarantee
items indicated in Data Sheets are equal ro or better than specified.

8 SURFACE PREPARATION
8.1 All manufacturing waste, such as metal chips and fillings, welding rods and stubs,
waste, rags, debris, etc., shall be removed from the interior of each component.
All loose mill scale, rust, oil, grease, chalk, crayon, paint marks except for erection
symbols, and other deleterious materiall shall be removed from interior and
exterior surfaces. At time of shipment, product shall be dry and clean inside and
outside.

8.2 All structural steel, storage tank, heater, auxiliary equipment, etc., shall be
thoroughly cleaned and shop painted in accordance with Engineering
Specification “Painting Material and Application Requirements”, PDVSA O–201.

9 PACKAGING AND SHIPPING

9.1 After shop inspection and testing, equipment shall be completely free of water,
dried and prepared for shipment. Adequate protection shall be provided against
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mechanical damage and atmospheric corrosion in transit and for at least six
months outdoor storage at job site prior to installation.

9.2 Exposed finished and machined surfaces, including bolting, shall be given a
heavy coating of rust inhibiting compound.

9.3 All openings shall be covered or plugged with substantial metal or wood closures,
securely fastened and suitable for prolonged exposure prior to final installation.
All tapped openings in equipment in condensate and steam service shall be
plugged with solid steel pipe plugs. All covered or plugged openings shall be
tagged.

9.4 All equipment shall be packed, securely anchored (skid mounted when required)
and weather protected for the shipment method called for in the requisition.
Separate and loose parts shall be completely boxed. All pieces of equipment shall
be identified by item number and service, and marked both inside and outside of
each individual package or container as specified in the requisition.

9.5 For internal protection after thoroughly drying the deaerating heater, desiccant
bags shall be distributed. The desiccant shall be activated alumina or silica gel.
All bags shall be secured to prevent shifting during shipment. A warning notice
to remove the desiccant before placing the unit in operation shall be placed on
each manhole cover. After placement of desiccant, all connections and openings
shall be carefully sealed with an adhesive backed waterproof cloth tape. Sealing
shall be adequate to prevent air from entering the unit during the shipment and
storage.