Comparative Study of Conventional and Enzymatic

pretreatment of Cotton Fabric

By
Md.Hasanul Haque
ID:EBTX-150200597

A dissertation submitted to the department of Textile Engineering in partial

fulfillment of the credit requirement for awarding the Bachelor Degree in
Textile Engineering by the Northern University Bangladesh (NUB)

Supervised by
Md.Tanjim Hossain
Assistant professor and Program Coordinator
Department of Textile Engineering
Northern University Bangladesh

April 2018

i
In the name Allah
The most Beneficent
The most Merciful

ii
 Letter of Transmittal

To
Md.Tanjim Hossain
Assistant Professor and Program Coordinator

Department of Textile Engineering

Northern University Bangladesh (NUB)

Subject: Submission of project report on “Comparative Study of

Conventional and Enzymatic Pretreatment of Cotton Fabric”

Dear Sir,

With due respect, we the students of Textile Engineering, Northern

University Bangladesh (NUB) have successfully completed our project
program. In this stage we are submitting our project report on
“Comparative Study of Conventional and Enzymatic pretreatment of
Cotton Fabric”as part of our B.Sc. in Textile Engineering requirement that
bears three (03) credit hours under your supervision. We are submitting this
report for our academic purpose only.

Please be kind enough to evaluate this dissertation with your valued

suggestions.

Sincerely yours

Md.Hasanul Haque

ID: EBTX-150200597

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 Declaration

I, Md. Hasanul Haque, ID No EBTX150200597 student of Northern University

Bangladesh of Department of Textile Engineering, hereby declare that the thesis entitled
“Comparative Study of Conventional and Enzymatic pretreatment of Cotton
Fabric”, is my own work and has not been printed, published or submitted as research
work, thesis or publication in any form in any university, research institution, etc. in
Bangladesh or abroad.

Dated……………………. Md.Hasanul Haque

ID: EBTX-150200597
B.Sc. in Textile Engineering

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 Letter of Approval
This research work entitled “Comparative Study of Conventional and Enzymatic
pretreatment of Cotton Fabric”, submitted by Md. Hasanul Haque, EBTX-
150200597,of Department of Textile Engineering t, was carried out under my supervision
and has been accepted as satisfactory for the partial fulfillment of the requirements for
the degree of Bachelor of Science in Textile Engineering (major).

Dated……………………. (Supervisor)
Md. Tanjim Hossain
Assistant Professor and Program Coordinator
Department of Textile Engineering
Northern University Bangladesh (NUB)

Board of Examination
1)
………………………
(Supervisor)
Md. Tanjim Hossain
Assistant Professor and Program Coordinator
Department of Textile Engineering
Northern University Bangladesh (NUB)
2)

.....................................................................

Md. Khorshed Alam

Assistant Professor
Department of Textile Engineering
Northern University Bangladesh (NUB)

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 Abstract

The scouring and bleaching performance of conventional process (hydrogen peroxide,

sodium hydroxide), was compared to that of enzymatic process using enzyme
(arylesterase) which catalyst the discontinuous peroxide reaction. The whiteness and
reflectance% indicating bleaching performance and absorbency and weight loss % was
used as a measure of the scouring performance. Comparison of these performance and
the effects are analyzed by using graphical representation. The weight loss% of
enzymatic process was less than conventional process. In conventional process the
reflectance % and absorbency increased and whiteness decreased with the increasing of
concentration of caustic soda and the aforementioned properties were increased with the
increasing of concentration of H2O2. In enzymatic process the reflectance % of cotton
fabric increased and whiteness and absorbency fluctuated with the increasing of
concentration of enzyme. Meanwhile reflectance %, absorbency and whiteness increased
with the increasing of concentration of hydrogen peroxide. Enzymatic process was found
eco-friendly process as it was occurred in neutral pH and the COD of this process was
less than conventional process. It was found that the enzymatic process was superior to
the conventional process under the conditions studied.

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 Acknowledgement

At first I would like to express our heart-felt thanks to almighty ALLAH for his kind
blessing for complete of this Project Report successfully.

I would like to thank our honorable course teacher & supervisor, Md. Tanjim Hossain,
Assistant professor and Coordinator, at Department of Textile Engineering, Northern
University Bangladesh for his guidance, help and encouragement throughout the
progress of the Project Report, I am very grateful for his kind advice and instructions.

A constant source of encouragement, he allowed us very freedom in Developing and

pouring our research ideas, offering timely and helpful suggestions all time.

We are grateful to all the faculty and staff of the WPT department who, on our
Occasions, went out their way to help us.

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 Table of Contents

Title Page No.

CHAPTER-1- INTRODUCTION 01-04

1.1 Introduction 02-04

1.2 Objectives 04

CHAPTER-2- Literature Review 05-18

2.1 Conventional Process 06-08

2.2 Enzymatic Process 08

09-10
2.3 Enzymes, classification, action and properties

10-12
2.4 Properties of enzymes used in Cotton fabrics

12-13
2.5 Production of enzymes from microorganisms

13-15
2.6 Enzyme applications in Cotton fabric preparatory process
2.7 Enzymatic Scouring (Bio-scouring) 15-18

CHAPTER-3- Experimental Data 19-26

3.1 Methodology: 20-23

3.2 Data Collection 24

3.3 Experimental Works 25-26

CHAPTER: 4- Results and Discussion 27-42

4.1 Results and discussions 28-41

4.2 Overall comparisons 41-42

CHAPTER: 5- Conclusion 43-44

5.1 Conclusion: 44

References 45

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 List of Figure

Figrue Page No.

Figure-1: Processing steps for the conventional and enzymatic pre- 03
treatment of cotton.

Figure-2: Use of oxidoreductases in bleaching processes. 04

Fig- 3: Comparison between Bio-Scoured & Conventional scoured in terms 29
of weight loss %

Figure-4: Comparison between Bio-Scoured & Conventional scoured 34

colorfastness to wash test

Figure-5: Comparison of pH values – fabrics 41

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 List of Table

Tabel Page
No.

Table-1: Microorganisms producing enzymes of Cotton fabric important 12

Table-2: Enzymes used in Cotton fabric processing and their effects
14
Table-3: Recipe of conventional Scouring for Cotton Fabrics
21
Table-4: Enzymes used in Cotton fabric processing and their effects
22
Table -5: Recipe of Bio - Scouring Cotton Fabrics 23
Table -6: Variation in concentration for scouring (Weight loss %) 28
Table -7: Variation in concentration for bio – scouring (Weight loss %) 28
Table -8: Absorbency Test of Bio and Conventional Scouring Drop test 29
sample

Table -9: Absorbency test of bio and conventional scouring (wicking test) 30
sample

Table -10: Color Fastness to Wash (bio – scouring) 33

Table -11: Color Fastness to Wash (conventional scouring) 34
Table-12: Dyeing of bio and conventional scoured sample 35
Table -13: Colorfastness to wash test of Bio and traditional scoured sample 36
Table -14: Colorfastness to rubbing (bio – scouring) 38
Table -15: Colorfastness to rubbing (traditional scouring) 39