Simulation Model

Input Voltage of DC-DC Converter

The constant straight line waveforms is because the supply source is a DC source. If it is an AC source, the sine
wave waveforms will be produced. The waveform above is shown at 500V of DC supply. Result produced for
d=0.25 is same as d=0.75.
IGBT Gating Signal

D=0.25

D=0.75
IGBT Current and Voltage Ripple

D=0.25

D=0.75
Inductor Current and Voltage Ripple

D=0.25

D=0.75
FWD Current and Voltage Ripple

D=0.25

D=0.75
Capacitor Current and Voltage Ripple

D=0.25

D=0.75
Output Current and Voltage Ripple

D=0.25

D=0.75
 Theoretical Simulation Theoretical Simulation Discussion

D=0.25 D=0.25 D=0.75 D=0.75

Voltage The voltage shows the same

Source, (Vs) value because the source is
500 500 500 500
from direct current.

Change in The value of the change of

inductor inductor is affected by the
2.78 2.7806 0.210 0.291
current, ΔIL number of duty ratio.

The value of the current output

should be per 80 from the load
Current -2.08 -2.104 -1.875 -1.8
voltage because the value of
Output, Io
resistor or load using 80  .

Voltage -166.67 -165.98 -1500 -1499.5 Same as above.

Output, Vo

For the simulation, IL max get

from the high peak and IL min
IL max 2.815 2.963 75.105 76.826
get from low peak of the graph.

IL min 2.745 2.963 74.895 75.523 Same as above.

From the graph, the value of ΔQ

is obtained by refer to the
negative region of the capacitor
Id 2.08 4 1.875 current which is same value to
3.653
the Id

Conclusion:
A DC-to-DC converter is an electronic circuit or electromechanical device that converts a source of direct
current (DC) from one voltage level to another. It is a type of electric power converter. Power levels range from
very low (small batteries) to very high (high-voltage power transmission). The buck–boost converter is a type of
DC-to-DC converter that has an output voltage magnitude that is either greater than or less than the input voltage
magnitude. It is equivalent to a flyback converter using a single inductor instead of a transformer. The output
voltage is controlled by the duty cycle. Higher is D>0.25 and lower is D<0.25.

For buck boost converter, the circuit is made from 3 components which are active switch, passive switch and
inductor. The voltage can be lower if the duty cycle is less than 0.25 and it can be higher if the duty cycle is more
than 0.25. It can be proven from the equation Vo = -(Vs(D)/1-D). When the value is higher 0.5, we can get the V o
higher from the input. Moreover, this circuits combines the capabilities of the buck and boost converters. Polarity
reversal on the output may be disadvantage in some applications. Source is not connected directly to the load
while the energy is stored in the inductor when switch is closed. It is transferred to the load when the switch is
open.