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Material:
• Iodine Monochloride Reagent
• Potassium Iodide
• Standardized 0.1 N Sodium thiosulphate
• 1% Starch indicator solution
• Reagent bottle
• Chloroform
• Fat sample in chloroform
• Iodination flask
• Burette and burette stand with magnetic stirrer
• Glass pipette
• Measuring cylinder
• Distilled water
Method:
1. Arrange all the reagent solutions prepared and the requirements on the table.
2. Pipette out 10ml of fat sample dissolved in chloroform to an iodination flask labeled as “TEST".
3. Add 20ml of Iodine Monochloride reagent in to the flask. Mix the contents in the flask thoroughly.
4. Then the flask is allowed to stand for a half an hour incubation in dark.
5. Set up a BLANK in another iodination flask by adding 10ml Chloroform to the flask.
6. Add to the BLANK, 20ml of Iodine Monochloride reagent and mix the contents in the flask thoroughly.
7. Incubate the BLANK in dark for 30 minutes.
8. Mean while, Take out the TEST from incubation after 30 minutes and add 10 ml of potassium iodide
solution into the flask.
9. Rinse the stopper and the sides of the flask using 50 ml distilled water.
10. Titrate the “TEST” against standardized sodium thiosulphate solution until a pale straw colour is
observed.
11. Add about 1ml starch indicator into the contents in the flask, a purple colour is observed.
12. Continue the titration until the color of the solution in the flask turns colourless.
13. The disappearance of the blue colour is recorded as the end point of the titration.
14. Similarly, the procedure is repeated for the flask labeled ‘Blank'.
15. Record the endpoint values of the BLANK .
16. Calculate the iodine number using the equation below:
2ND METHOD
Aim
To determine the amount of unsaturation present in the given oil. ( To determine the
iodine
value of an oil)
Principle
The Iodine number is defined as the number of grams of iodine which will add to 100
grams of fat or oil. Iodine value shows the degree of unsaturation of the constituent
fatty acids in an oil or fat and is thus a relative measure of the unsaturated bonds
present in the oil or fat. Iodine value is expressed in grams of iodine absorbed by 100
gms of oil or fat. Unsaturated compounds absorb iodine ( in suitable form) and form
saturated compounds. The amount of iodine absorbed in percentage is the measure of
unsaturation in the oil. No oil has zero iodine value and oils are classified as drying,
semi drying and non drying on the basis of iodine value. Oleic acid containing 1
double bond absorbs 90% of iodine, linoleic acid (2 double bonds) absorbs 181%
iodine and linolenic acid (3 double bonds) absorbs 274% iodine. Non drying oils have
1 double bond and absorbs iodine below 90%. Semi drying oils contain some
proportion of double bonds and have iodine value below 140.Iodine value for coconut
oil is 8, for olive 88, for human fat 105, for linseed about 200.
Chemicals Required
Wij’s Solution:
Dissolve separately 7.5 gm of AR Iodine tetrachloride and 8.5 gm of resublimed
iodine in
glacial acetic acid by warming on a water bath. Mix the two solutions and dilute to 1
litre with
glacial acetic acid in cold.
Procedure
1. Pipette out 20 ml of 0.1 N potassium dichromate solution into a clean conical flask.
2. Add 1 test tube of dilute H2SO4 and 10 ml of 15% KI solution to the conical flask.
3. Titrate against thiosulphate from the burette until it turned into pale yellow.
4. Add 1 ml of starch indicator and titrate against thiosulphate solution.
5. End point is disappearance of blue color.
Experimental Procedure
Calculation
Titration I
Standardisation of Sodium thiosulphate:
Burette solution :Sodium thiosulphate
Pipette solution :Potassium dichromate
Additional solution :1 test tube of dil H2SO4 solution
Indicator : Starch
End point :Disappearance of blue
Titration II
Estimation of Iodine value:
Burette solution : Std. Sodium thiosulphate solution
Pipette solution : 20 ml of oil
Additional solution : 25 ml of Wij’s solution + 20 ml of KI ( 15%)+50 ml of water
Indicator : Starch
End point : Disappearance of blue color
Result
The iodine value of the given oil sample was found to be =___________.