ACCELERATED PHYSICS

DIY
VACUUM
CLEANER
HOW TO...

- TURN ON THE SWITCH

- HOLD THE HANDLE
- SUCK UP THE DUST
- DONT FORGET TO TURN IT OFF!

MAHIDOL UNIVERSITY INTERNATIONAL

DEMONSTRATION SCHOOL
 ABSTRACT
This is the Project of creating vacuum
cleaner by using our knowledge that
we gain from learning through the
year. The concept of vacuum cleaner
is to create series circuit connecting
battery, switch, motor together. The
fan on the motor will create suction
after the motor is operated. We take
the data and analyze on how many
batteries and how should it connect
together. We found out that 5
batteries with a series connect give
the best current.
 OBJECTIVE
- To apply the knowledge from
   accelerated physics course to real
   world situation and engineering
   
- To apply the knowledge about
   formation of energy from electric
   energy to mechanical energy

- To build on the knowledge that we

   currently have: making vacuum
   cleaner. 
 BACKGROUND
Vacuum cleaners started as
relatively simple mechanical devices
that had to be operated by hand.
Today they are part of almost every
household. Started from 1860, a guy
name Daniel Hess invented a carpet
sweeper, a predecessor of vacuum
cleaner, but never mass produced.
After that Grand Rapids were
invented. It is a carpet sweeper that
had brushes connected to wheels
and when it moves the brushes
rotate and clean the floor. In 1901,
Hubert Cecil Booth invented the first
motorized vacuum cleaner driven by
an internal combustion engine.
However, it was too big to carry.
Walter Griffiths is the first person
who invented a vacuum-cleaning
device that could be carried around.
The vacuum cleaners were developed
years by years until what we have
got to use nowadays.
 INTRODUCTION
       The electric motor creates
rotational, or circular, motion. To
apply the knowledge on building
vacuum cleaner, which its main
component is the motor. The central
part of the motor with a circular
cylinder shape is called the armature
or rotor. The armature holds the rest
of the components. Its functions is
to spin the motor. Furthermore, the
electric motor have been using the
principle of the two magnets, that
opposite poles attract and like poles
repel. It uses this principle to create
torque, or the rotational force. The
magnetic field is responsible for
creating force while the electric
motor is in motion. The electricity
(the current) is moving through the
wire create a circular magnetic field
with the wire as a source to rotate
the motor. 
         Ohm’s Law describe the
relationship between voltage,
current, and resistance in any the
D.C.  electrical circuit was firstly
discovered by the German physicist
Georg Ohm. At the constant
temperature, the electrical current
flowing through the fixed linear
resistance is directly proportional to
the resistance. The relationship
between voltage, current, and
resistance is called by the Ohm’s
Law ( V= IR). The voltage is defined
as the amount of potential energy
between two point. In addition, the
voltage be the difference in charge
between two point. One point have
more charge than another point. It is
measured in volts (V). Current is the
amount of charge flow in the circuit
over a period of time. Current (I)  is
measured in Amperes (A) or
coulombs per second. The resistor is
used to control the current flow in
the various branches of a circuit. 
      Furthermore, it is the rate by how
much they can resist the flow of
current. Resistors is measured in the
units of Ohms. The electrical circuit
have been separated into two types.
The first one was the series circuit
and the parallel circuit. The series
circuit have only one path ways that
allow the current to flow. In the
series circuit, the current is the
same throughout the circuit, but the
voltage are difference depend on the
resistor. The parallel circuit has a
multiple pathways that allow the
current to flows. The voltage is the
same, but the current is difference
depend on the pathways.

       The battery that have been using

as the energy source can be connect
in two ways. First, the battery that
have been connected in series will
double the voltage while maintaining
the same capacity rating. Many
battery have been connect by using 
the jumper wire between the
negative of the first battery and the
positive of the second battery.
Second, the battery have been
connect in parallel will double the
capacity of the battery while
maintaining the voltage of one of
individuals battery. The battery have
been connected will each other the
same ways as in the series. The
example of the battery that have
been connected in parallel is laptop
battery.    
 MATERIALS
- One 6-L water bottle
- One spray can
- Electric wire
- Motor
- Clay
- Glue
- Filter cloth
- Foam two-sided tape
- Metal string
- Battery
- Switch
- Solder
- hose
- Scissor
- Saw
- Pen
- Paper cutting plate
- Drill
- Soldering iron
SET-UP
 PROCEDURE
1. Draw a line on the bottle to divide
     the section of bottle.
2. Cut the top and bottom parts of 
     the 1.5-L soda bottle.
3. Connect the top and the bottom
     part together.
4. Cut the head and the bottom of
     the spray can.
5. Cut it in half and make it flat
6. Measure the size of the flat can
     by using the cut-bottle.
7. Divide the circular flat can into
     eight section (like a turbine)
8. Cut the flat can until 1 centimeter
     away from the middle
9. Make a hole in the middle of the
     turbine
10. Put the motor in the hole by
     using clay to stick it
11. Use the drill to make holes on
     the lid of the bottle and at the
     bottom of the bottle
12. Connect the wires to the motor
 PROCEDURE
13. Put the wires through the side
       hole of the lid and pull it until
       the lid touch the motor
14. Stick the lid to the motor.
15. Put the wires through s hole at
       the bottom of the bottle
16. Stick the motor to the bottom of
       the bottle
17. Make a circular wire
18. Stick the filter cloth the the
       circular wire
19. Stick it to another side of the
       bottle
20. Use the top part of the bottle to
       close the bottom part
21. Make the handle and stick it to
       the vacuum
22. Cut the flexible pipe and stick it
       to the mouth of the bottle
23. Decorate the vacuum
DATA
DISCUSSION OF PHYSICS CONCEPT

BATTERY
We use our knowledge about electric
circuit that we have learned to apply
on our product. To increase the
spinning rate, we have to create
series circuit so that the voltage will
still be the same throughout the
circuit. We use batteries to generate
electricity and we make it series by
connecting positive to negative
charge of the batteries. 

CIRCUIT
SERIES CIRCUIT
      One pathways that allow current to flow
The current is the same in every resistor
The voltage is difference depend on the
amount of the resistance of the resistor

PARALLEL CIRCUIT
      Multiple pathways that allow current to
flow. The current is difference depend on
the pathways.The voltage is the same in all
of the pathways.
 MOTOR

-  The Armature is use to spin the     

    motor.
-  The principle of the two magnets,
    that opposite poles attract and
    like poles  repel. It uses this
    principle to create torque, or the
    rotational force.The magnetic field
    is responsible for creating force
    while the electric motor is in
    motion.
-   The electricity (the current) is
    moving through the wire create
    a circular magnetic field with the
    wire as a source to rotate the
    motor. 
TRANSFORMATION OF ENERGY
According to the first law of
Thermodynamic, also know as Law of
Conservation Energy. 

Chemical Energy > Electric Energy >

Magnetic Energy > Mechanical Energy 
 ANALYSIS OF DATA
According to our experiment, to
create a vacuum cleaner requires a
certain level of suction in order to
suck the little dust in. The suction is
directly proportional to the rate of
spinning of the motor is a little bit
too slow due to the resistance of
the motor is unknown and we are
afraid that if we go for more number
of batteries, it will break. Our initial
attempt with the power source of 6V
could not generate enough suction
to collect any dust at all. We
improved by add the battery, adding
the total voltage up to 27V. The
improved model of vacuum cleaner
created enough suction to pull up
the dust, yet, the result still wasn’t
satisfied. Again, 18V more power
source was then added. The motor
with 45V is now able to proficiently
collect the dust. 
 CONCLUSION
Our team’s goal is creating an
useable device, the vacuum cleaner,
by applying physics concepts that
we have explored.  The vacuum
cleaner itself involves circular
motion, electric energy, electric
circuit, and transformation of
energy. We successfully carry out
the reduced scale of vacuum cleaner
that can be actually used to clean up
the room. Although the process of
working is not as simple as we
expected, we have solved the
problem together and finally achieve
our goal. Beside the physics
concept, we have learnt leadership,
planning, responsibility, and
dedication.
 RECOMMENDATION
This DIY version of vacuum cleaner
that we built was a reduced scale of
the actual vacuum cleaner. Even
though the capacity of the cleaner is
smaller, but it is more convenient as
well. In the future, we would like to
build vacuum cleaner with stronger
materials. Besides, we have been
also concerned about the different
usages of the vacuum cleaner, so we
believe that building different sizes
of vacuum cleaner can serve the
purpose of each individual task.
 REFERENCE 
http://www.edisontechcenter.org/ele
ctricmotors.html

https://www.electronics-
tutorials.ws/dccircuits/dcp_2.html

https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=jkQsBD5WtDo&t=217s

http://www.physicsclassroom.com/cl
ass/circuits/Lesson-2/What-is-an-
Electric-Circuit
 WORKLOGS 
SUPARUEK      - Building model
                        - Equipment
                        - Data and result
                        - Future direction
                        - Analysis
                        - Conclusion
                        - Presentation
                        - Decoration

PARINADA      - Building model

                        - Procedure
                        - Equipment
                        - Conclusion
                        - Abstract

PANNACHA     - Building model

                        - Procedure
                        - Equipment
                        - Data and result

PHATSAKORN - Building model

                        - Introduction
                        - Principle of motor