DP 05 01

FASTENING BY PIN, COTTERS AND KNUCKLES:

PIN :--
Pins may be classified as under ;--

> Dowel Pin or Locating Pin
Used to fix the relative
Position of two parts
> Shear Pin
used to Transmit load
> Safety Pin or Shear Pin
Designed to fail at a
predetermined load to
protect expensive parts
from damage
> Safety Links
Designed to fail in tension
under the action of
overload
┐ ┌ > Straight Pin or Dowel Pin
F F preferred in Tool and gauge
U O work
N R
C M > Tapered Pins
T For stronger joints than
I Straight Pins
O
N PINS > Tapered Dowel Pins
For more stringent requirement
W W regarding accuracy of alignment
I I for parts which must be taken
S S apart frequently
E E
> Clevis Pin
┘ > Cotter Pin

> Grooved Pin

used where variable loading
takes place and is desired that
└ pin does not loosen
Pins are generally are fitted in reamed hole.
Pins are generally Hardened and Ground.
Taper of Taper Pin is 1: 48 SK 12 shows various kinds pins
DOWEL PIN TAPERED PIN TAPERED PIN USED AS DOWEL

TAPERED PIN USED AS DOWEL

CLEVIS PIN

GROOVED PIN

SPLIT PIN

SK 12
 SK 13 shows the views of Universal coupling DP 05 02

SK 13

FAILURE OF PIN JOINTS:

The joints connected by Pin normally fails under the following situations ( SK 14);--
 Crushing of Pin.
 Tearing across at a section ―m—n‖
 Shearing of Pin.
SK 14

SK 14 P P

KNUCKLE JOINT:
Also called Rod and Yoke Connection (SK 15).
SK 15

The usual proportion are:

If P is the load and S T is Tensile Stress then d =1.128 √[ P / ST]; then
d1 = 1.1 d, D = 1.5 d, t = 0.75 d, p = d, a = 1.25 d, b=d
Details of failures:
Eye End:
3
2
1
d1
P d d’ D
D
1 Section 3-3
2
3
B

Section 1-1
d1 Section 2-2
01. Tensile Failure at Eye, at Section 1-1: P = (π / 4) . d2. ST
02. Tensile Failure at Eye, Section 2-2: P= (π / 4) . d’2. ST ; this check is not required since d’ > d.
03. Shear Failure at Eye, Section 3-3: P= B . (D—d1).SS
04. Tensile Failure at Eye, Section 3-3: P= B . (D—d1).ST

Fork End: 4 
A
B
D d’ d P
A

d1
4
Sec 4-4
d1

A
B

04. Shear Failure at Fork, at Section 4-4: P = 2. (D -- d1) . A . SS

05. Tensile Failure at Fork, at Section 4-4: P = 2. (D -- d1) . A . ST

Pin
h (A + B + A + t + d2 / 2) where, d2 = Dia. Of the split Pin
* t = Thickness of Washer
* = Minimum 1.5 d2
h = Thickness of the Head of the Pin
d3 d1 = Minimum 0.15 d1
d3 = Dia. Of the Head of Pin
= Minimum 1.5 d1
06. Shear Failure of Knuckle Pin, at Section 5-5: P = 2 . (π / 4) . d12. SS
07. Crushing Failure of Pin, at Eye at Section 6-6: P = d1 . B . SC
08. Crushing Failure of Pin, at Fork at Section 5-5: P = 2. d1 . A. SC

5 5

A
6 6 B

Sec 5 – 5 Sec 6 - 6 d1

Problem # 01: Design a standard Knuckle Joint, subjected to Alternative Push and Pull, where the
design parameters are;--
Axial Force acting on Rod is 150 KN.
Material for Pin, Fork and Eye are same.
Permissible Tensile Stress is 400 N/ m2
Permissible Shear Stress is 0.6 times of Permissible Tensile Stress
Permissible Crushing Stress is 1.3 times of Permissible Tensile Stress.
Design by Calculation method. Draw a neat Dimensional sketch, in scale and label all parts.