-Blow out preventer-

A blowout preventer (BOP) is a large,

specialized valve or similar mechanical
device, used to seal, control and
monitor oil and gas wells to
prevent blowout, the uncontrolled
release of crude oil and/or natural gas
from a well. They are usually installed
redundantly in stacks.
 Function of blow out preventer

The primary functions of a blowout preventer

system are to:
1-Confine well fluid to the wellbore.

2-Provide means to add fluid to the

wellbore.

3-Allow controlled volumes of fluid to b

withdrawn from the wellbore.
to performing those primary functions,
blowout preventer systems are used to:
-Regulate and monitor wellbore pressure.

-Center the drill string in the wellbore.

-Shut in the well.

-“Kill” the well.

-Seal the wellhead.

-Sever the casing or drill pipe.

 -Types of BOP`s-
1- ram blow out preventer:

Different types of rams:

A-Blind rams
-close off the well
B-Pipe rams
-close around a drill pipe
C-Shear rams
-designed to shear the pipe in the well
2- annular blow out preventer:
can close around the drill string,
casing or a non-cylindrical object.
 BOP`s Rating
API CLASS WORKING SERVICE
PRESSURE CONDITION
2M 138 light duty
3M 207 low pressure
5M 345 medium
pressure
10 M 698 high pressure
15 M 1034 extreme
pressure