LABORATORY RECORD

ED 7211
ANALYSIS AND SIMULATION LAB

M.E. ENGINEERING DESIGN

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

RAJALAKSHMI ENGINEERING COLLEGE

THANDALAM-602105.
 RAJALAKSHMI ENGINEERING
COLLEGE

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Name :
Class :
Roll No :

REGISTER NO.

Certified that this is the bonafide record of work done by

the above student in the
Laboratory during the year 20 - 20

Signature of Lab-in-charge Signature of Head of the

Department

Submitted for the Practical Examination held on:

Examiner
 ED 7211

ANALYSIS AND SIMULATION LAB

List of Experiments

Page
S.No. Date Name of the Experiment Signature
No.
Stress analysis of beams
1.
(Candilever,Simply supported& fixed end)

2. Stress Analysis of a plate with circular hole

3. Stress Analysis of Rectangular L Bracket

Stress Analysis of an Axis- symmetric

4.
component
Mode frequency analysis of
5. beams(Candilever,Simply supported,Fixed
beam)

6. Mode frequency analysis of 2 –D element

Convective heart transfer analysis of a 2D

7.
component

Conductive heart transfer analysis of a 2D

8.
component

9. Thermal analysis of a 2D component

10. Harmonic analysis of a 2D component

 INTRODUCTION

Finite element analysis is the core of computer aided engineering dictates the
modern mechanical industry.
Finite element analysis is a technique to simulate material properties, loading
conditions and environment of any system and to approximately determine response of the
system to those conditions.

NEED FOR FEA:

1. To reduce the amount of prototype testing
2. To simulate design that is not suitable for prototype testing
3. Cost Saving and time saving
4. Create a more reliable, better quality and competitive designs

ABOUT ANSYS:
ANSYS is a complete FEA simulation software package developed by ANSYS Inc.
a corporate of USA.
It is used by engineers worldwide in virtually all fields of engineering:-
 Structural
 Thermal
 Fluid (CFD, Acoustics)
 Low & High Frequency Electromagnetic

APPLICATIONS OF ANSYS:
ANSYS software can be applied in
 Engineering structures
 Automobiles
 Aerospace
 Biomedical
 Buildings and other civil structures
 Electronics
 Heavy equipments & machinery
OTHER PRODUCTS:
ANSYS LS DYNA - Non Linear structural problems
 ANSYS Professional - Linear Structural Thermal Analysis
ANSYS Design Space Analysis - Linear structural & steady state thermal analysis
ANSYS CFX - Fluid flow problems

CAPABILITIES OF ANALYSIS:
1. Structural Analysis: It is used to calculate the deformation, strain, stress and
reaction. The Eigen value problems where we find natural frequency of systems
also come under this category.
2. Thermal Analysis: It is used to determine the temperature distribution, amount of
heat lost or gained, thermal gradient and thermal flow.
3. Electromagnetic Analysis: It is used to calculate magnetic field effects in a
system. Often used with contact analysis.
4. Computational Field Analysis: It is used to determine the fluid flow
characteristics in a system like flow velocity, pressure, head loss, and even
temperature distribution.
5. Coupled Field Analysis: It is used to calculate the mutual interaction of two or
more of the above said disciplines. This is done by either sequential method or
simultaneous method.
 STATIC STRESS ANALYSIS OF BEAMS (CANTILEVER,
SIMPLY SUPPORTED, FIXED BEAM)

STATIC STRESS ANALYSIS OF CANTILEVER BEAM

Ex No:

Date:

Aim:

To perform static stress analysis for the given beams (Cantilever beam) using ansys.

SOFTWARE USED:

ANSYS 13.0

PROCEDURE:

1. PREFERENCE:

 Preference → structural → ok

2. PREPROCESSOR

Element type
Preprocessor → element type →add → beam → 2node188→ok
Material property
Preprocessor → material property → material model → structural → linear → elastic
→ isotropic→ Ex (2e3) →PRxy (0.3)→ ok → close

Modeling
 Preprocessor → section → beam → common section → section ID-1 → select sub
type → rectangle → enter L*B (150* 300) → ok

Preprocessor→ modeling → create → keypoints→ in active CS

KEYPOINTS X Y Z
1 0 0 0
2 2000 0 0
3 1000 0 0

Preprocessor → modeling → create → line → straight line → draw the lines

b/w the keypoints

Meshing

Preprocessor→ meshing → mesh tool → set line option → pick line 1→ apply → ok

Select mesh → pick all →ok

3. SOLUTION:

Solution → define loads → apply →structural → displacement → on keypoints →

select first keypoint → ok → select all DOF → ok

Solution → define loads → apply → structural → force / moment → select third

keypoint 3 → select Fy (30e3) → ok

Solution → define loads → apply → structural → pressure → select element1 →

enter value 40

Solution → solve → current LS → ok

4. GENERAL POSTPROCESSOR:
 General postproc → plot result → deformed shape &undeformed shape

General postprocessor → list result → nodal solution

Utility menu → plot ctrl → animation deformed shape

RESULT:

Thus the stress analysis of cantilever beam is performed using ANSYS and
results are plotted.
Calculation:

To find deflection,

Apply Maculay’s equation:

−20
𝑀𝑥 = −30𝑥 (𝑥 − 1)2
2

𝑑2𝑦 −20
𝐸𝐼 2
= −30𝑥 (𝑥 − 1)2
𝑑𝑥 2

𝑑𝑦 𝑥2 10
𝐸𝐼 = −30 + 𝑐1 − (𝑥 − 1)3
𝑑𝑥 2 3

𝑥3 10
𝐸𝐼𝑦 = −30 + 𝑐1 𝑥 + 𝑐2 − (𝑥 − 1)4
6 12

𝐴𝑡 𝑥 = 3, 𝑦 = 0

33 20
𝐸𝐼(0) = −30 + 𝑐1 (3) + 𝑐2 − (2)4 −→ (1)
6 24

𝑑𝑦
𝐴𝑡 𝑥 = 3, =0
𝑑𝑥

33 20
𝐸𝐼(0) = −30 + 𝑐1 − (2)3
2 6

𝑐1 = 161.66

𝑠𝑢𝑏 𝑐1 𝑖𝑛(1) − −−→ 𝑐2 = −336.4

 𝑥3 20
𝐸𝐼𝑦 = −30 + 161.66𝑥 − 336.64 − (𝑥 − 1)4
6 4

𝐴𝑡 𝑥 = 1, 𝑦 = 𝑦𝑏

13
𝐸𝐼𝑦𝑏 = −30 + 161.66(1) − 336.64
6

𝑦𝑏 = −2.53𝑚𝑚

𝐴𝑡 𝑥 = 0, 𝑦 = 𝑦𝑐

03
𝐸𝐼𝑦𝑐 = −30 + 161.66(0) − 336.64
6

𝑦𝑐 = −4.74𝑚𝑚

𝑀𝑐 = 30 ∗ 1 = 30𝑘𝑁𝑚

𝑀𝐴 = 30 ∗ 1 + 20 ∗ 2 ∗ 1 = 130𝑘𝑁𝑚

30 ∗ 106 ∗ 300 ∗ 12 𝑁
𝜎𝑐 = = 13.33
150 ∗ 2 ∗ 3003 𝑚𝑚2

130 ∗ 106 ∗ 300 ∗ 12 𝑁

𝜎𝑎 = 3
= 57.77
150 ∗ 2 ∗ 300 𝑚𝑚2

𝑅𝐴 = (20 ∗ 2) + 30 = 70𝐾𝑁
 STATIC STRESS ANALYSIS OF SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAM

Aim:

To perform static stress analysis for the given beams (Simply supported) using ansys.

SOFTWARE USED:

ANSYS 13.0

PROCEDURE:

PREFERENCE:

 Preference → structural → ok

PREPROCESSOR

Element type

Preprocessor → element type →add → beam → 2node188→ok

Material property

Preprocessor → material property → material model → structural → linear → elastic

→ isotropic→ Ex (2e3) →PRxy (0.3)→ ok → close
 Modeling

Preprocessor → section → beam → common section → section ID-1 → select sub

type → rectangle → enter L*B (132* 264) → ok

Preprocessor→ modeling → create → keypoints→ in active CS

Key points X Y
1. 0 0
2. 3000 0
3. 4000 0
4. 6000 0

Preprocessor → modeling → create → line → straight line → draw the lines

b/w the keypoints

Meshing

Preprocessor→ meshing → mesh tool → set line option → pick line 1→ apply → ok

Select mesh → pick all →ok

5. SOLUTION:

Solution → define loads → apply →structural → displacement → on keypoints →

select first keypoint → ok → select all DOF → ok

Solution → define loads → apply → structural → force / moment → select third

keypoint 3 → select Fy (20e3) → ok

Solution → define loads → apply → structural → pressure → select element1 →

enter value 40

Solution → solve → current LS → ok

 6. GENERAL POSTPROCESSOR:

General postproc → plot result → deformed shape &undeformed shape

General postprocessor → list result → nodal solution

Utility menu → plot ctrl → animation deformed shape

RESULT:

Thus the stress analysis of simply supported beam is performed using ANSYS
and results are plotted.
Calculation:

1) Simply supported Beam

To find reaction

RA - Reaction at A
RB - Reaction at B

Taking moment about A,

𝑅𝑏 𝑥6 = 20𝑥3𝑥 3⁄2 + (20𝑥4)

𝑅𝑏 = 28.33 𝑘𝑁

R 𝒂 + R 𝑏 = (20 ∗ 3) + 20

= 51.67 𝐾𝑁

To find deflection:

Apply Maculey’s method,

Bending moment at section ‘x’ from end B at distance ‘x’

Mx = RB x -20(x-2)-20/2 (x-3)2

Mx =EI d2y/dy2

EId2y/dy2 = RB x -20(x-2)-20/2 (x-3)2

EI dy/dx = RB x2/2 +C1-20/2(x-2)2-(10/3)(x-3)4

EI y = (RBx3)/6+C1x+C2(-20/6)(x-2)3(-10/2)(x-3)4

At x=0 , y=0

EI(0)=C2 --- C2=0

At x=6,y=0

EI(0) = RB/6(6)3 -20(4)3 +C1(6)-(10/12)3

C1=-143.73

EI(y)=(RBx3)/6-20/6(x-2)3-143.73x-(10/12)(x-3)4

At x=2,y=yo

EIyD = 28.33/6 * 23-143.73(2)

YD = -5.96mm

At x=3,y=yc

Yc=-5.11mm

Mc=28.11*3-20*1=65kNm
Md=RB*2=56.66kNm

𝑀𝐷 ∗ 𝑦 56.6 ∗ 106 ∗ (264/2)

𝜎𝐷 = =
𝐼 132 ∗ 2643
12

𝜎𝐷 = 36.95𝑁/𝑚𝑚2

𝑀𝐷 ∗ 𝑦 65 ∗ 106 ∗ (264/2)
𝜎𝐶 = =
𝐼 132 ∗ 2643
12

𝜎𝐶 = 42.38𝑁/𝑚𝑚2
 STATIC STRESS ANALYSIS OF FIXED BEAM

Aim:

To perform static stress analysis for the given beams (Fixed supported) using ansys.

SOFTWARE USED:

ANSYS 13.0

PROCEDURE:

PREFERENCE:

 Preference → structural → ok

PREPROCESSOR

Element type
Preprocessor → element type →add → beam → 2node188→ok
 Material property

Preprocessor → material property → material model → structural → linear → elastic

→ isotropic→ Ex (2e3) →PRxy (0.3)→ ok → close

Modeling

Preprocessor → section → beam → common section → section ID-1 → select sub

type → rectangle → enter L*B (572* 1144) → ok

Preprocessor→ modeling → create → keypoints→ in active CS

Key points X Y
1. 0 0
2. 4000 0
3. 6000 0
4. 8000 0

Preprocessor → modeling → create → line → straight line → draw the lines

b/w the keypoints

Meshing

Preprocessor→ meshing → mesh tool → set line option → pick line 1→ apply → ok

Select mesh → pick all →ok

 7. SOLUTION:

Solution → define loads → apply →structural → displacement → on keypoints →

select first keypoint → ok → select all DOF → ok

Solution → define loads → apply → structural → force / moment → select third

keypoint 3 → select Fy (80e3) → ok

Solution → define loads → apply → structural → pressure → select element1 →

enter value 160

Solution → solve → current LS → ok

8. GENERAL POSTPROCESSOR:

General postproc → plot result → deformed shape &undeformed shape

General postprocessor → list result → nodal solution
Utility menu → plot ctrl → animation deformed shape

RESULT:
Thus the stress analysis of Fixed supported beam is performed using ANSYS
and results are plotted.
Calculation:

To find deflection,

40
𝑀𝑥 = 𝑅𝐵 𝑥 − 𝑀𝐵 − 80(𝑥 − 2) − (𝑥 − 4)2
2

𝑑𝑦 𝑅𝐵 𝑥 2 80 40 (𝑥 − 4)3
𝐸𝐼 = − 𝑀𝐵 𝑥 + 𝑐1 − (𝑥 − 2)2 −
𝑑𝑥 2 2 2 3

𝑅𝐵 𝑥 3 𝑀𝐵 𝑥 2 80 3
40 (𝑥 − 4)4
𝐸𝐼𝑦 = − + 𝑐1 𝑥 + 𝑐2 − (𝑥 − 2) −
6 2 6 2 4

𝐴𝑡 𝑥 = 0, 𝑦 = 0

𝐸𝐼(0) = 𝑅𝐵 (0) − 𝑀𝐵 (0) + 𝐶1 (0) + 𝐶2

𝑑𝑦
𝐴𝑡 𝑥 = 0, = 0 − −−→ 𝐶2 = 0
𝑑𝑥

𝑅𝐵
𝐸𝐼(0) = (0) − 𝑀𝐵 (0) + 𝐶1 (0) ===> 𝐶1 = 0
2
𝑅𝐵 𝑥 3 𝑀𝐵 𝑥 2 80 3
40 (𝑥 − 4)4
𝐸𝐼𝑦 = − − (𝑥 − 2) −
6 2 6 2 4

𝐴𝑡 𝑥 = 8, 𝑦 = 0

𝑅𝐵 (8)3 𝑀𝐵 (8)2 80 40 (8 − 4)4

𝐸𝐼(0) = − − (8 − 2)3 −
6 2 6 2 4
 𝐸𝐼(0) = 85.33𝑅𝐵 − 32𝑀𝐵 − 2880 − 426.65

𝑑𝑦
𝐴𝑡 𝑥 = 8, =0
𝑑𝑥

𝑅𝐵 82 80 40 (8 − 4)3
𝐸𝐼(0) = − 𝑀𝐵 (8) − (8 − 2) −
2 2 2 3

32𝑀𝐵 − 8𝑀𝐵 = 1866.66

Solving the above eq:

𝑅𝐵 = 97.49𝑘𝑁; 𝑀𝐵 = 156.63𝑘𝑁𝑚

𝑅𝐴 +𝑅𝐵 = 80 + 40 ∗ 4 =====> 𝑅𝐴 = 142.51𝑘𝑁

𝑀𝐴 = 80 ∗ 6 + 40 ∗ 4 ∗ 2 + 156.63 − 97.49 ∗ 8 − − − −→ 𝑀𝐴 = 176.71𝑘𝑁𝑚

𝐴𝑡 𝑥 = 2, 𝑦 = 𝑦𝑑

97.49 ∗ 23 156.63 ∗ 23
𝐸𝐼𝑦𝑑 = − − −−→ 𝑦𝑑 = 1.22 ∗ 10−2 𝑚𝑚
6 2

𝐴𝑡 𝑥 = 4, 𝑦 = 𝑦𝑐

97.49 ∗ 43 156.63 ∗ 43 80(2)2

𝐸𝐼𝑦𝑐 = − − − −→ 𝑦𝑐 = −2.13 ∗ 10−2 𝑚𝑚
6 2 6

𝑀𝑑 𝑦 38.35 ∗ 106 (1144⁄2)

𝜎𝑑 = = = .307 𝑁⁄𝑚𝑚2
𝐼 572 ∗ 11443
12
 𝑑 𝑏𝑑 3
𝑦= ,𝐼 =
2 12

𝑀𝑐 𝑦 73.33 ∗ 106 (1144⁄2)

𝜎𝑐 = = = .58 𝑁⁄𝑚𝑚2
𝐼 572 ∗ 11443
12

𝑀𝑑 = −156.63 + 97.49 ∗ 2 − −→ 𝑀𝑑 = 38.35𝑘𝑁𝑚

𝑀𝑐 = −80 ∗ 2 − 156.63 + 97.49 ∗ 4 − −→ 𝑀𝑐 = 73.33𝑘𝑁𝑚

 STRESS ANALYSIS OF A RECTANGULAR PLATE WITH
CILRCULAR HOLE
Ex No:

Date:

Aim:

To perform static stress analysis for the given rectangular plate with circular hole
using ANSYS

Description:

A steel plate of dimension ( 100 × 15 × 25mm ) having 3 holes of diameter 3mm,

5mm & 10mm. It is fixed at one end and force of 20 KN acts on the other end of the
plate. The stress induced at the holes due to the force is to be determined.

DIAGRAM:
Φ5mm Φ10mm
Φ3mm

25mm 20KN

25mm 25mm 25mm 25mm

Formula used:
𝑃
1. Normal stress = (𝑤−𝑑)𝑡

P – Load (N).

w – Width of the plate (mm).

d – Diameter of hole (mm).

t – Thickness of the plate (mm).

2. Maximum stress = 𝜎𝑁 × 𝑘𝑓

Kf – Stress concentration factor.

PROCEDURE:

Pre-processing: Defining the Problem

1. Open ANSYS APDL from start menu.

2. Define the type of problem,
Pre-processor → preference → structural → ok
3. Define the Type of Element
Pre-processor → Element Type → Add/Edit/Delete [Add the element: Solid -
PLANE82]
4. Define Geometric Properties
Pre-processor → Real Constants → Add/Edit/Delete [Enter a thickness as 15mm]
5. Element Material Properties
Pre-processor → Material Properties → Material models → Structural → linear →
Elastic → Isotropic [We are going to give the properties of Steel. Enter the following when
prompted: EX – 2.1E5, PRXY – 0.3]
6. Create the main rectangular shape
Pre-processor → Modelling → Create → Areas → Rectangle → By 2 Corners [Enter
the following values: WPX – 0, WPY – 0, Width – 100, Height – 25]
7. Create the circle
Pre-processor → Modelling → Create → Areas → Circle → Solid Circle [Enter the
following values: Circle 1: WPX – 25, WPY – 12.5, Radius – 1.5; Circle 2: WPX – 50,
WPY – 12.5, Radius – 2.5; Circle 3: WPX – 75, WPY – 12.5, Radius – 5]
8. Subtraction of circles
Pre-processor → Modelling → Operate → Booleans → Subtract → Areas [First
select the base area from which the area has to be deleted (rectangle) and then select the area
that has to be deleted (circle).
9. Meshing
Pre-processor → mesh → mesh tool → Areas [set] → select the area → apply →
enter element size as 10 → ok
Click mesh → select the area → ok

Solution Phase: Assigning Loads and Solving

10. Define constraints

Solution → define load → apply → structural → displacement → on lines [Select the

line, select all DOF & click ok]

11. Define load

Solution → define load → apply → structural → pressure → on line [Select the line,
enter the pressure value as 53.33 N/mm2]

12. Solving the System

Solution → Solve → Current LS

Post processing: Viewing the Results

13. Deflection

General Postproc → Plot Results → Nodal Solution → DOF solution → X-

component

14. Stress

General Postproc → Plot Results → Nodal Solution → von mises stress

15. Stress values

General postproc → list result → nodal solution → von mises stress [Note down the
stress values on respective nodes.

Result:
Thus static stress analysis for the given rectangular plate with circular hole has been
successfully done using ANSYS.
Calculation:

1. For 3mm hole

𝑃
𝜎𝑁 = (𝑤−𝑑)𝑡

P = 20KN ; d = 3mm

w = 25mm ; t = 15mm

20×103
𝜎𝑁 = (25−3)×15

= 60.61 N/mm2

From PSG Data book page 7.10, kf = 2.65 (d/w = 0.12)

𝜎𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝜎𝑁 × 𝑘𝑓 = 60.61 x 2.65

𝝈𝒎𝒂𝒙 =161.62 N/mm2

2. For 5mm hole

𝑃
𝜎𝑁 = (𝑤−𝑑)𝑡

P = 20KN ; d = 5mm

w = 25mm ; t = 15mm
20×103
𝜎𝑁 = (25−5)×15

= 66.67 N/mm2

From PSG Data book, kf = 2.5 (d/w = 0.2)

𝜎𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝜎𝑁 × 𝑘𝑓 = 66.67 x 2.5

𝝈𝒎𝒂𝒙 =166.68 N/mm2

3) For 10mm hole
𝑃
𝜎𝑁 = (𝑤−𝑑)𝑡

P = 20KN ; d = 10mm

w = 25mm ; t = 15mm
20×103
𝜎𝑁 = (25−10)×15

= 88.89 N/mm2

From PSG Data book, kf = 2.25 (d/w = 0.4)

𝜎𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝜎𝑁 × 𝑘𝑓 = 88.89 x 2.25

𝝈𝒎𝒂𝒙 =200 N/mm2

Observation:

SL.No Hole size Analytical Simulation

1 3 161.62 136.87

2 5 166.68 144.60

3 10 200 191.48
 STRESS ANALYSIS OF A RECTANGULAR L-BRACKET
Ex No:
Date:
AIM:
To determine a deform shape and stress analysis for a given L- bracket using ANSYS
software.

FORMULA USED:
M / I = 𝜎b / Y
Where,
M - Bending moment
I - Moment of inertia of cross sectional area
𝜎b - Bending stress
Y - Distance from neutral axis to the outer most fiber
PROCEDURE:
The modules available in ANSYS are ,
i. Preferences
ii. Pre- Processor
iii. Solution
iv. General Post Processor module
1. Preferences > Structural > OK
2. In Pre Processor module, element type for analysis in chosen by Pre- Processor > Element
type > Add > Solid >Quad 4 node 182
2. The Material properties are given by Pre – Processor > Material modal > Linear > Elastic >
Isotropic >Define young’s modulus and Poisson ratio
3. Modeling of the L section
Modeling > Create >Area > Rectangle > By 2 Corners > X=0,Y=0,Width= 335,Height= 70
Modeling > Create >Area > Rectangle > By 2 Corners > X=165,Y=70,Width= 70, Height =
150
Modeling > Create >Area > Circle > Solid circle > X=300, Y=220,Radius=45
Modeling >Operate > Boolean > Add > Areas> Pick all > OK
Modeling > Create >Area > Circle > Solid circle > X=300, Y=220,Radius=35
Modeling >Delete > Areas Only > Pick the areas to be deleted > OK
4. The area is divided into finite no. of elements by Meshing > mesh tool > Area >Pick
all>Edge Length = 20 >mesh tool > mesh.
5. The boundary condition is defined at the both end after beam by arresting displacements in
Y- direction by Solution > loads > structural > displacement > on areas >arrest All DOF.
6. Load is applied on the nodes at the top edge by solution> loads >Structural > Force > on
nodes
7. Now the system is ready to solve and is done by solution > solve > current L.S.
8. By general post processor > Plot result > counter plot > nodal solution.> DOF solution >
displacement
9. The stress is also obtained by General post processor > plot result > counter plot > Nodal
solution> Von-Mises Stress

RESULT:
Thus the deformed shape and stress analysis for the L bracket is done
CALCULATION:

Resolving the forces 5KN

Horizontal component P H = P Sin 60°= 4.33 KN
Vertical component PV = P Cos 60° = 5 cos 60 ° = 2.5 KN
Bending moment due to PH :
MH = 4.33x150x100
MH = 649.5x103 N mm
Bending stress 𝜎bh = My /Z
649.5x103x6/3.5x102 = 22.72 N/mm2

Bending moment due to Pv :

MV = 2.5x106x300 = 750 x 103 N mm

Bending moment due to Pv :

𝜎bv = MY /Z
𝜎bv = 750x103x6/35x102
=
26.33 N\ mm2
Direct stress due to Vertical force PV
𝜎dv = PV / A = 2.5x 103/ 70x35 = 1.02 N\ mm2
Total Stress = 𝜎bh+ 𝜎bv + 𝜎dv
= 50.16 N\ mm
 STRESS ANALYSIS OF AN AXIS -SYMMETRIC COMPONENT
Ex No:

Date :

AIM:

To analyze a cylindrical pressure vessel (axis symmetric) for hoop stress and longitudinal
stress

DIAGRAM:

PROCEDURE:

Preprocessing: Defining the Problem:

1. Give example a Title

Utility Menu > File > Change Title...
2. Open preprocessor menu
ANSYS Main Menu > Preprocessor
3. Create Areas
Preprocessor > Modeling > Create > Areas > Rectangle > By Dimensions
4. Add Areas Together
Preprocessor > Modeling > Operate > Booleans > Add > Areas
5. Define the Type of Element
Preprocessor > Element Type > Add/Edit/Delete... For this problem we will use the PLANE2
[Axisymmetric]

6. Define Element Material Properties

Preprocessor > Material Props > Material Models > Structural > Linear > Elastic > Isotropic

7. Define Mesh Size

Preprocessor > Meshing > Size Cntrls>ManualSize> Areas > All Areas [An element edge
length of 2mm]
8. Mesh the frame
Preprocessor > Meshing > Mesh > Areas > Free > click 'Pick All'

Solution Phase: Assigning Loads and Solving:

1. Define Analysis Type

Solution > Analysis Type > New Analysis > Static
2. Apply Constraints
Solution > Define Loads > Apply > Structural > Displacement > Symmetry B.C. > On Lines
Pick the two edges on the left, at x=0. Utility Menu > Select > Entities [Select Nodes and By
Location from the scroll down menus. Click Y coordinates and type in 50] Solution > Define
Loads > Apply > Structural > Displacement > On Nodes > Pick All Constrain the nodes in
the y-direction (UY).
3. Utility Menu > Select > Entities

[In the select entities window, click Select All to reselect all nodes.]
4. Apply Loads

Solution > Define Loads > Apply > Structural > Force/Moment > On Key points [Pick the
top left corner of the area and click OK. Apply a load of 100 in the FY direction. Pick the
bottom left corner of the area and click OK. Apply a load of -100 in the FY direction. ]
5. Solve the System

Solution > Solve > Current LS

Post processing: Viewing the Results

1. Determine the Stress Through the Thickness of the Tube

 Utility Menu > Select > Entities...

Select Nodes > By Location > Y coordinates and type 45, 55 in the Min, Max box.

 General Postproc> List Results > Nodal Solution > Stress > Components SCOMP
2. Plotting the Elements as Axisymmetric

Utility Menu >PlotCtrls> Style > Symmetry Expansion > 2-D Axi-symmetric...

RESULT:

Thus the analyze a cylindrical pressure vessel (axis symmetric) for hoop stress and
longitudinal stress
CALCULATION:

P=1.5MN/𝑚2
P=1.5 N/𝑚𝑚2
d =1000 mm
t=15 mm
𝑝𝑑
𝜎𝑐 = 2𝑡

1.5∗1000
𝜎𝐶 = 2∗15

𝜎𝐶 = 50 N/𝑚𝑚2
 MODAL ANALYSIS OF BEAMS (CANTILEVER, FIXED,
SIMPLY SUPPORTED)

MODAL ANALYSIS OF BEAMS CANTILEVER BEAM

Ex. No.

Date:

AIM

To perform modal analysis of a (cantilever beam) using ANSYS

PROCEDURE :

1. The modules available in ANSYS are

i. Preferences

ii. Pre-Processor

iii. Solution

iv. General post processor module

2. In the pre-processor module the element type for the analysis of the cantilever beam is

Chosen

Pre-processor > element type > add > beam3 > 2D ELASTIC 3

3. The Density & Young Modulus are given.

Main menu > Pre-processor > Material properties > Enter the Density & Young Modulus

4. Create two key points and a line to connect the points.

Modeling > create > key points > inactive c.s

Modeling > create > lines > between key points.

5. Mesh the line using mesh tool.

Main menu > Pre-processor > Meshing > mesh tool > line > mesh.

6. The boundary condition is defined for the beam.

Solutions > load > structural > displacement > On Left Key point > all DOF.

7. Solution: Assigning loads and solving, Define analysis type

Solution > analysis type > new analysis > modal

8. Set options for analysis type:

Solution > Analysis type > Analysis options….

Enter 10 for no. of modes to extract and no. of modes to expand in subspace and

Expand mode shapes.

9. Reduced method is chosen.

10. Apply constrains

Solution > Define loads > Apply > Structural > Displacement < On

Key points.

11. Solve the system

Solution > Solve > Current LS

12. Post processing: Viewing the results

General Postproc > Result Summary.

13. To view mode shapes

General Postproc > Read results > First set

General Postproc > Plot results > Deformed shape

Repeat the process for the next set to view the next mode shapes.

14. To Animate mode shapes

Utility menu > Plot ctrls > Animate > Mode shapes

RESULT :

Thus the cantilever beam is modeled and analyzed in ANSYS for Modal

Analysis. Various mode shapes and respective frequencies are obtained.

 MODAL ANALYSIS OF BEAMS SIMPLY
SUPPORTED BEAM
Ex. No.

Date:

AIM :

To perform modal analysis of a (simply supported) beam using ANSYS

PROCEDURE:

1. The modules available in ANSYS are

i. Preferences

ii. Pre-Processor

iii. Solution

iv. General post processor module

2. In the pre-processor module the element type for the analysis of the Simply Supported
beam is

chosen

Pre-processor > element type > add > beam3 > 2DELASTIC 3

3. The Young Modulus and Material Density are given.

Main menu > Pre-processor > Material Properties > Enter the Young Modulus & Density

4. Create two key points and a line to connect the points.

Modeling > create > key points > inactive c.s

Modeling > create > lines > between key points.

5. Mesh the line using mesh tool.

Main menu > Pre-processor > Meshing > mesh tool > line > mesh.

6. The boundary condition is defined for the beam.

Solutions > load > structural > displacement > on key points > UY

7. Solution: Assigning loads and solving

Define analysis type

Solution > analysis type > new analysis > modal

8. Set options for analysis type:

Solution > Analysis type > Analysis options

Enter 10 for no. of modes to extract and no. of modes to expand in subspace and

Expand mode shapes.

9. Reduced method is chosen.

10. Apply constrains

Solution > Define loads > Apply > Structural > Displacement > on key points.

11. Solve the system

Solution > Solve > Current LS

12. Post processing: Viewing the results

General post processing > Result Summary.

13. To view mode shapes

General post processing > Read results > First set

General post processing > Plot results > Deformed shape

Repeat the process for the next set to view the next mode shapes.

14. To Animate mode shapes

Utility menu > Plot ctrls > Animate > Mode shapes

RESULT :

Thus the simple supported beam is modeled and analyzed in ANSYS for

Modal analysis. Various mode shapes and respective frequencies are obtained.
 MODAL ANALYSIS OF BEAMS FIXED BEAM
Ex. No.

Date:

AIM

To perform modal analysis of a (Fixed beam) using ANSYS

PROCEDURE

1. The modules available in ANSYS are

i. Preferences

ii. Pre-Processor

iii. Solution

iv. General post processor module

2. In the pre-processor module the element type for the analysis of the Fixed beam is

Chosen

Pre-processor > element type > add > beam3 > 2D ELASTIC 3

3. The Young Modulus and Material Density are given.

Main menu > Pre-processor > Material Properties > Enter the Young Modulus & Density

4. Create two key points and a line to connect the points.

Modeling > create > key points > inactive c.s

Modeling > create > lines > between key points.

5. Mesh the line using mesh tool.

Main menu > Pre-processor > Meshing > mesh tool > line > mesh.

6. The boundary condition is defined for the beam.

Solutions > load > structural > displacement > on key points > All DOF

7. Solution: Assigning loads and solving

Define analysis type

Solution > analysis type > new analysis > modal

8. Set options for analysis type:

Solution > Analysis type > Analysis options….

Enter 10 for no. of modes to extract and no. of modes to expand in subspace and
Expand mode shapes.

9. Reduced method is chosen.

10. Apply constrains

Solution > Define loads > Apply > Structural > Displacement > On key points.

11. Solve the system

Solution > Solve > Current LS

12. Post processing: Viewing the results

General post processing > Result Summary.

13. To view mode shapes

General post processing > Read results > First set

General post processing > Plot results > Deformed shape

Repeat the process for the next set to view the next mode shapes.

14. To Animate mode shapes

Utility menu > Plot ctrls > Animate > Mode shapes

RESULT :

Thus the Fixed beam is modeled and analyzed in ANSYS for

Modal analysis. Various mode shapes and respective frequencies are obtained.
Description:

Cross section= 0.125*0.125

Formula:

𝜆2 𝐸𝐼
Frequency, fn= 2𝜋𝑙2 √ 𝑚

where, E = young’s modulus (N/m2)

I = moment of inertia

m = mass (kg)

λ = wavelength (m)

λ values for the raw mechanical vibration:

Mode Cantilever SSB Fixed

1 1.875 π 4.730

2 4.697 2π 7.853

3 7.853 3π 10.995
Calculation:

E = 2.1*105N/mm2 for alloy steel

I = bd3/12 = 0.125*0.1253/12 = 2.03*10-3 m4

Density, ρ = 7700 kg/m3

Mass = ρ*v = 7700*0.125*0.153

m = 120.8kg/m3

Cantilever beam:

Mode 1:

𝜆2 𝐸𝐼
fn = 2𝜋𝑙2 √ 𝑚

1.8752 2.1∗104 ∗2.03∗105

= √
2𝜋∗52 120.8

= 4.217 Hz

Mode 2:

4.6972 2.1∗104 ∗2.03∗105

fn = 2
√
2𝜋∗5 120.8

= 26.429 Hz

Mode 3:

7.8532 2.1∗104 ∗2.03∗105

fn = √
2𝜋∗52 120.8

= 73.97 Hz

Simply Supported beam:

Mode 1:

𝜋2 2.1∗104 ∗2.03∗105
fn = 2𝜋∗52 √ 120.8

= 11.85 Hz

Mode 2:

(2𝜋)2 2.1∗104 ∗2.03∗105

fn= 2𝜋∗52 √ 120.8

= 44.35 Hz
Mode 3:

(3𝜋)2 2.1∗104 ∗2.03∗105

fn = 2𝜋∗52 √ 120.8

= 106.5 Hz

Fixed beam:

Mode 1:

4.7302 2.1∗104 ∗2.03∗105

fn = √
2𝜋∗52 120.8

= 26.82 Hz

Mode 2:

7.8532 2.1∗104 ∗2.03∗105

fn = √
2𝜋∗52 120.8

= 73.94 Hz

Mode 3:

10.9952 2.1∗104 ∗2.03∗105

fn = √
2𝜋∗52 120.8

= 144.81 Hz

Result:

Beam Analytical value Simulation value

Cantilever Mode 1 4.217 4.2169
Cantilever Mode 2 26.429 26.488
Cantilever Mode 3 73.97 74.592
SSB Mode 1 11.85 11.862
SSB Mode 2 44.35 47.710
SSB Mode 3 106.5 108.33
Fixed beam Mode 1 26.82 26.905
Fixed beam Mode 2 73.94 74.636
Fixed beam Mode 3 144.81 147.75
 Mode Frequency analysis of 2d component.
EX NO:

DATE:

Aim:

To perform a mode frequency analysis of the given component using ANSYS

Description:

 A simply supported steel plate of dimension ( 1000 × 500 × 25mm ).

 A fixed circular plate with thickness 25mm and diameter 200mm

Diagram:

500

1000

Formula used:

𝐷 𝑚𝜋 2 𝑛𝜋 2
𝜔 = √𝜌 [( ) +(𝑏) ]
𝑎

∈ ℎ3
𝐷=
12(1 − 𝛾 2 )

∈ = 2.1 x 1011 N/m2

𝛾 = 0.28 (Poisson Ratio)

𝜌 = 7700 kg/m3

h = thickness of plate for rectangular lamina

m = number of parts of modal value

n = number of parts value in horizontal direct

Circular lamina:

𝜌
𝜆2 = 𝜔𝑎2 √𝐷
𝜆 = Wavelength

a = radius

𝜔 = 2𝜋s

S = Number of parts modal value in radial direction

n = number of parts modal value in circular direction.

Procedure:

Rectangular plate :

Pre-processing: Defining the Problem

1. Open ANSYS APDL from start menu.

2. Define the type of problem,

Pre-processor → preference → structural → ok

3. Define the Type of Element

Pre-processor → Element Type → Add/Edit/Delete [Add the element: Solid -

PLANE82]

4. Define Geometric Properties

Pre-processor → Real Constants → Add/Edit/Delete [Enter a thickness as 25mm]

5. Element Material Properties

Pre-processor → Material Properties → Material models → Structural → linear →

Elastic → Isotropic [We are going to give the properties of Steel. Enter the following when
prompted: EX – 2.1E11, PRXY – 0.3]

Pre-processor → Material Properties → Material models → Structural → Density [

Enter the density value as 7700]

6. Create the main rectangular shape

Pre-processor → Modelling → Create → Areas → Rectangle → By 2 Corners [Enter

the following values: WPX – 0, WPY – 0, Width – 1, Height – .5]

7. Meshing

Pre-processor → mesh → mesh tool → Areas [set] → select the area → apply →
enter element size as 10 → ok

Click mesh → select the area → ok

Solution Phase: Assigning Loads and Solving

8. Analysis type
 Solution → Analysis type → New analysis → Modal → ok

Analysis type → Analysis Option [ no of modes to extract – 10 ; Nmode number of

modes to expand 10] → ok

9. Define constraints

Solution → define load → apply → structural → displacement → on lines [Select the

left and right lines, select UY & click ok]

Solution → define load → apply → structural → displacement → on lines [Select the

Bottom and top lines, select UX & click ok]

10. Solving the System

Solution → Solve → Current LS

Post processing: Viewing the Results

11. Mode Shape

General Postproc → Read Results → by pick [Select the frequency and click read] →
close

Plot controls → animate → Mode shape [select DOF solution ; Deformed shape] →
ok

12. Repeat step 11 for different frequency values.

Circular plate :

Pre-processing: Defining the Problem

1. Define the type of problem,

Pre-processor → preference → structural → ok

2. Define the Type of Element

Pre-processor → Element Type → Add/Edit/Delete [Add the element: Solid -

PLANE82]

3. Define Geometric Properties

Pre-processor → Real Constants → Add/Edit/Delete [Enter a thickness as 25mm]

4. Element Material Properties

Pre-processor → Material Properties → Material models → Structural → linear →

Elastic → Isotropic [We are going to give the properties of Steel. Enter the following when
prompted: EX – 2.1E11, PRXY – 0.3]

Pre-processor → Material Properties → Material models → Structural → Density [

Enter the density value as 7700]
5. Create the circular shape

Pre-processor → Modelling → Create → Areas → circle → solid circle [Enter the

following values: WPX – 0, WPY – 0, Radius = .1]

7. Meshing

Pre-processor → mesh → mesh tool → Areas [set] → select the area → apply →
enter element size as 10 → ok

Click mesh → select the area → ok

Solution Phase: Assigning Loads and Solving

8. Analysis type

Solution → Analysis type → New analysis → Modal → ok

Analysis type → Analysis Option [ no of modes to extract – 10 ; Nmode number of

modes to expand 10] → ok

9. Define constraints

Solution → define load → apply → structural → displacement → on lines [Select

Circumference, select all Dof & click ok]

10. Solving the System

Solution → Solve → Current LS

Post processing: Viewing the Results

11. Mode Shape

General Postproc → Read Results → by pick [Select the frequency and click read] →
close

Plot controls → animate → Mode shape [select DOF solution ; Deformed shape] →
ok

12. Repeat step 11 for different frequency values. Result:

RESULT:

The mode frequency analysis of given 2D component has been successfully done
using ANSYS.
Calculation:

For Rectangular plate :

∈ℎ3 2.1 ×1011 ×0.0253
𝐷= = = 296698.67
12(1−𝛾2 ) 12(1−0.28)2

𝐷 𝑚𝜋 2 𝑛𝜋 2 296698.67 𝜋 2 𝜋 2
𝜔1 = √𝜌 [( ) +(𝑏) ] =√ [(1 ) + (.5) ]
𝑎 192.5

𝜔
f1 = 2𝜋 =308.34 Hz

296698.67 2𝜋 2 𝜋 2
√ [( ) +( ) ]
192.5 1 .5
𝑓2 = = 493.3Hz
2𝜋

296698.67 3𝜋 2 𝜋 2
√ [( ) +( ) ]
192.5 1 .5
𝑓3 = = 801.75Hz
2𝜋

296698.67 𝜋 2 2𝜋 2
√ [( ) +( ) ]
192.5 1 .5
𝑓4 = = 1048.36Hz
2𝜋

296698.67 2𝜋 2 2𝜋 2
√ [( ) +( ) ]
192.5 1 .5
𝑓5 = = 1233.36Hz
2𝜋

296698.67 4𝜋 2 𝜋 2
√ [( ) +( ) ]
192.5 1 .5
𝑓6 = = 1233.36Hz
2𝜋

296698.67 3𝜋 2 2𝜋 2
√ [( ) +( ) ]
192.5 1 .5
𝑓7 = = 1547.71Hz
2𝜋

296698.67 5𝜋 2 𝜋 2
√ [( ) +( ) ]
192.5 1 .5
𝑓8 = = 1788.38Hz
2𝜋

296698.67 4𝜋 2 2𝜋 2
√ [( ) +( ) ]
192.5 1 .5
𝑓9 = = 1973.38Hz
2𝜋

296698.67 𝜋 2 3𝜋 2
√ [( ) +( ) ]
192.5 1 .5
𝑓10 = = 2281.72Hz
2𝜋

For circular plate :

D= 296698.67 a = 1m

𝜌= 192.5 𝜔= 2πF

𝜌
𝜆2 = 𝜔𝑎2 √𝐷
 192.5
10.2158 = 2𝜋𝐹1 × 12 √
296698.67

F1 = 63.83Hz

192.5
21.26 = 2𝜋𝐹2 × 12 √
296698.67

F2 = 132.84Hz

192.5
34.83 = 2𝜋𝐹4 × 12 √
296698.67

F4 = 217.63Hz

192.5
34.771 = 2𝜋𝐹6 × 12 √
296698.67

F6 = 248.5Hz

192.5
51.04 = 2𝜋𝐹7 × 12 √
296698.67

F7 = 318.92Hz

192.5
60.82 = 2𝜋𝐹9 × 12 √
296698.67

F9 = 380.03Hz

RESULT :

Mode M n Mode shape Frequency

Analytical Simulated
1 1 1 308.34 307.93
2 2 1 493.3 492.29
3 3 2 801.73 798.97
4 1 3 1048.36 1043.2
5 4 1 1233.36 1226.8
6 2 2 1233.36 1226.8
7 3 2 1541.71 1531.5
8 5 1 1788.4 1774.8
9 4 2 1968.38 1956.6
10 1 3 2281.72 2260.0

Mode M n Mode Wavelength Frequency

shape λ Analytical simulated
1 0 0 10.158 63.81 63.812
2 0 1 21.26 132.71 132.77
3 0 1 21.26 132.71 132.77
4 0 2 34.83 217.63 217.63
5 0 2 34.83 217.63 217.63
6 1 0 34.73 248.5 248.24
7 0 3 51.04 318.92 318.37
8 0 3 51.04 318.07 318.45
9 1 1 60.82 380.07 379.45
10 1 1 60.82 380.07 379.45
CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER ANALYSIS OF A 2 D COMPONENT
EX NO:

DATE:

AIM:

To find the convective heat transfer analysis of a 2 D component

DIAGRAM:

PROCEDURE:

1) Preference > Thermal > ok

2) Preprocessor > Element type > Add/edit/delete > add > solid > Quad4node55 > ok
3) Material properties > material models > thermal > conductivity(Enter the value 50
w/mk)
4) Modeling > create > areas > rectangle > by 2 corners (Enter the value
w=0.012m;h=0.1m)
5) Meshing > mesh tool > area set > pick the area > ok > size element > edge
length(0.02m) > ok
6) Mesh tool > mesh > pick the area > ok
 7) Loads > define loads > apply > thermal > convection > on lines > pick the inside
lines > ok(Enter the value of inside h and inside T) > on lines > pick the outside lines
> ok(Enter the value of outside h and outside T)
8) Solution > solve > current LS
9) See the result in General post processor > list results > nodal solution > DOF solution
> nodal temperature > ok

RESULT:

The temperature and heat flux are shown and results are completed.
CALCULATION:

T – Temperature of water (℃)

𝑇𝑎 – Atmospheric temperature (℃)

𝑇𝑖 - Inner wall temperature (℃)

𝑇0 - Outer wall temperature (℃)

u – Overall heat transfer coefficient

K – Thermal conductivity

ho - Heat transfer coefficient at outer

surface(w/m2 k)

hi - Heat transfer coefficient at inner

surface(w/m2 k)

1 1 1 1
= + +
u hi k h0
1 0.012 1
= 2850 + + 10
50

u = 9.94 w/𝒎𝟐 𝒌

q =u (𝑇0 − 𝑇𝑎 )

= 9.94(393-293)

q = 795.2 w/𝒎𝟐

q = ℎ𝑖 (𝑇0 − 𝑇𝑖 )

795.2= 2850 (373- 𝑇𝑖 )

𝑻𝒊 = 372.72 K

𝑻𝒊 = 99.72 ℃

q = ℎ𝑜 (𝑇0 − 𝑇𝑎 )

795.2= 10 (𝑇0 − 293)

𝑻𝟎 = 372.52 K

𝑻𝟎 = 99.52 ℃
 CONDUCTIVE HEAT TRANSFER ANALYSIS OF A 2-D ELEMENT
Ex No :

Date :

AIM:

To Conduct heat transfer analysis of a 2-D element for the given example and
determine the temperature at the specified points

DIAGRAM:

FORMULAE USED:

Q = ∆Toverall/R
𝑙1 𝑙2 𝑙3
h1 = 𝑘1𝑎1 + 𝑘2𝑎2 + 𝑘3𝑎3

T1, T2, T3, T4 = Temperatures of wall section

R = Resistance
k1, k2, k3 = Thermal Conductivity (W/mK)
A1, A2, A3 = Area of wall
q = heat flux
PROCEDURE:

 Preprocessing: Defining the Problem

1. Give example a Title

2. Open pre-processor menu
ANSYS Main Menu > Preprocessor

3. Define the Type of Element

Preprocessor > Element Type > Add/Edit/Delete> click 'Add' > Select Link 3D conduction
33

4. Define Real Constants

Preprocessor >Real Constants>Add>Select the element>Define Cross-sectional area as 1

5. Element Material Properties

Preprocessor > Material Props > Material Models > Thermal > Conductivity > Isotropic >
KXX1 = 1.05 (Thermal conductivity) > Select New Model > KXX2 = 0.15> Select new model>
KXX3 = 0.85

6. Create geometry
Preprocessor > Modeling > Create >Key points>On active CS >By dimensions> X=0, Y=0,
Z=0 , X=0.25, X=0.37, X=0.57
Preprocessor > Modeling > Create >lines>Straight lines

7. Mesh
Preprocessor > Meshing > Mesh Attributes>Picked Lines > Pick the line>OK> Define the
Material Number

Preprocessor > Meshing > Mesh Tool> Pick Lines> OK> Edge Length > .05> OK> Mesh

8. Define Loads

Preprocessor >Loads > Define Loads > Apply > Thermal > Temperature > On Keypoints>
Define The Temp at T1=850 and T2= 65
  Solution Phase: Assigning Loads and Solving

1. Solve the System

Solution > Solve > Current LS

 Post processing: Viewing the Results

1. Results Using ANSYS

Plot Temperature
General Postproc> Plot Results > Contour Plot > Nodal Solution > DOF solution,
Temperature
General Postproc> List Results > Nodal Solution > Report for Node 7 and 9

RESULT:

Thus the temperatures at the specified points were found throughconductive heat
transfer analysis successfully.
CALCULATIONS:
Q = ∆Toverall/R
𝑙1 𝑙2 𝑙3
h1 = 𝑘1𝑎1 + 𝑘2𝑎2 + 𝑘3𝑎3
𝑄 850
q=𝐴= 0.25 0.12 0.2
+ +
1.005 0.15 0.85

q = 616.46 W/m2
Temperature at the surface, clay fire and insulation brick
To find T2
𝑇1−𝑇4 𝑇1−𝑇2 𝑇2−𝑇3 𝑇2−𝑇4
q= = = =
𝑘 𝑘 𝑘 𝑘
𝑇1−𝑇2 𝑇1−𝑇2
q= = ℎ1⁄
𝑘𝐴 𝑘1
850−𝑇2
616.46 = 0.25⁄1.05

T2 = 703.22 K
Temperature at the surface of insulation brick and red brick
𝑄 𝑇2−𝑇3
q=𝐴= ℎ2⁄𝑘2
703.22−𝑇3
616.46 = 0.12⁄0.15

T3 = 210.056 K
 THERMAL STRESS ANALYSIS OF 2D COMPONENT
Ex No :

Date :

AIM:

To perform thermal stress analysis of a given 2D component using solid works

simulation software.

DIAGRAM

PROBLEM DESCRIPTION:

A rectangular plate of dimensions 50mm×25mm×2.5mm in subjected to a uniform

temperature from 0oC to 38oC. Determine the maximum displacement and normal stress in X
direction. The properties of the plate are, Young’s modulus (E) =2.1×10ˆ5 N/mm2, Poisson’s
ratio (ν) =.28 and thermal coefficient of expansion (α) =1.3×10ˆ-5 K-1

FORMULA USED:

Normal stress in X direction = EαΔΤ

1. Displacement in Y direction = αΔTb(1+ ν)

Where, E → Young’s modulus

α → Thermal co-efficient

ΔΤ → Temperature difference

b → Breadth

ν → Poisson’s ratio
PROCEDURE:

1. Open ANSYS APDL from start menu.

2. Give Title name.
File → Change title → Enter new title → ok.

PREFERENCE:

3. Define the type of problem,

Preferences → structural & thermal→ ok

PREPROCESSOR:

4. Define the Type of Element

Pre-processor → Element Type → Add/Edit/Delete → Add → Solid → Quad
4 node 182 → ok → options → plane strs w/thk → ok → close.

5. Define Geometric Properties

Preprocessor → Real Constants → Add/Edit/Delete → Add → ok → THK =
0.0025m → ok → close
6. Element Material Properties
Pre-processor → Material Properties → Material models → Structural →
linear → Elastic → Isotropic → EX = 2.1×10ˆ11 & PRXY = 0.24 → ok → Thermal
expansion → Secant coefficient →Isotropic → ALPX = 1.3×10ˆ-5 → ok → close.
7. Create the main rectangular shape
Pre-processor → Modeling → Create → Areas → Rectangle → By 2 Corners
→ WP X – 0, WP Y = 0, Width = .05, Height .025 → ok.

8. Meshing
Pre-processor → mesh → mesh tool → Areas [set] → select the area → apply
→ enter element size = .001 → ok → mesh → select the area → ok

9. Define temperature
Solution → define loads → apply → structural →temperature → on lines →
Pick line → ok → VAL1 temperature = 273 → apply → Pick line → ok → VAL1
temperature = 311 → ok.
SOLUTION:

10.Solving the System

Solution → Solve → Current LS.

GENERAL POSTPROCESSOR:

11.Stress
General Postproc → Plot Results → Contour Plot → Nodal Solution → Nodal
Solution → X component of stress → ok.

12.Stress values
General postproc → list result → Nodal Solution → Nodal Solution → X
component of stress → ok → Note values from the table.

13.Displacement values
Note the value of DMX

RESULT:

Thus the thermal stress analysis of 2D component has been done and results
are obtained.
CALCULATION:

Normal stress in X- direction,

σx = EαΔΤ

σx = 2.1×10ˆ5×1.3×10ˆ-5×38

= 103.74 N/mm2

Displacement in Y-direction

y = αΔTb(1+ ν)

= 1.3×10ˆ-5×38×25×(1+0.25)

= 1.524×10ˆ-2mm

Note: Restrain geometry along X direction and rotation on all directions.

 HARMONIC ANALYSIS OF 2D COMPONENT
Ex No:

Date :

AIM:

To calculate the peak vs displacement and bending stress at the centre of square plate
of side 10m and thickness 0.05m subjected to a steady state harmonic pressure

All dimensions are in mm

PROBLEM DESCRIPTION:

To calculate and perform harmonic analysis of a given 2D component with the

given dimensions of side 10m and thickness 0.05m

PROCEDURE:

1. Utility Menu > Change Job Name > Enter Job Name.

Utility Menu > File > Change Title > Enter New Title.

2. Preference > Structural > OK.

3. Preprocessor > Element type > Add/Edit/ delete > Solid 8node 82 > options
> plane stress with thickness > close.

4. Preprocessor > Real Constant > Add/Edit/Delete > thickness = 0.05 > Ok
 5. Preprocessor > Material Properties > Material Model > Structural > Linear
> Elastic > Isotropic > EX = 200 E9, PRXY = 0.3 & Density = 8000.

6. Preprocessor>Modeling>create>Areas>Rectangle> By dimensions>Enter
the Value

7. Preprocessor > meshing > mesh tool > size control > Areas >Enter the
Element edge length > Ok > mesh > Areas > free> pick all.

8. Solution > Analysis Type > New Analysis > harmonic > OK > analysis
options > real + imaginary (full solution method).

9. Solution > define loads > apply > structural > force/moment > on nodes >
click right corner > FY real value> Enter the Value & Imaginary value = 0
> Ok.

10. Solve > current L.S > ok.

11. Load step option > time frequency > frequency & sub steps > Enter the
Value > stepped > Ok.

12. Time history postprocessor > variable viewer > add > nodal solution >
DOF solution > Y-component of displacement > click right corner > ok >
graph data > Ok.

13. Utility Menu > plot controls > style > graphs > modify axis ( change the
Y-axis scale to logarithmic)

14. Utility menu > plot > replot.

Model Damping Rayleigh Damping

Peak U = displacement at 7.831mm at 2.088Hz 7.0833mm at 2.087Hz
Center (mm)
Peak Bending Stress at Center 5.4N/mm2 at 2.088Hz 5.4N/mm2 at 2.087Hz

RESULT:

Thus the thermal stress analysis of 2D component has been done and results
are obtained.
CALCULATION:

Density = 8000 kg / m³

E = 200 x 10 9 N/M² .

Harmonic option = 0.10 Hz

Model damping: Damping ratio = 0.2

Poisson Ratio = 0.3

Rayleigh damping: α= 0.299

β = 0.00139